The Sons of Bhanu and the Fires of Expiation

Verse 1 (3.223.1)

गुरुभिर्नियमैर्युक्तो भरतो नाम पार्थिव । अग्निः पुष्टिमतिर्नाम तुष्टः पुष्टिं प्रयच्छति ॥

gurubhirniyamairyukto bharato nāma pārthiva | agniḥ puṣṭimatirnāma tuṣṭaḥ puṣṭiṃ prayacchati

The fire named Bharata, O king, joined with weighty observances, is the fire called Pushtimati: when pleased, he grants nourishment.

Note on the text: Matches CE 3.211.1ab–cd (Wikisource has the vocative पार्थिव where the critical edition reads pāvakaḥ). The critical edition's third line (bharaty eṣa prajāḥ sarvās tato bharata ucyate) is not in Wikisource.

Verse 2 (3.223.2)

सततं भरतश्रेष्ठ पावकोयं महाप्रभः । अग्निर्यश्च शिवो नाम शक्तिपूजापरश्च सः । दुःखार्तानां स सर्वेषां शिवकृत्सततं शिवः ॥

satataṃ bharataśreṣṭha pāvakoyaṃ mahāprabhaḥ | agniryaśca śivo nāma śaktipūjāparaśca saḥ | duḥkhārtānāṃ sa sarveṣāṃ śivakṛtsatataṃ śivaḥ

Ever, O best of the Bharatas, this fire is of great radiance. The fire named Shiva is devoted to the worship of power; to all who are tormented by sorrow he is always kind, the bringer of good.

Note on the text: Removed the backtick and quote mark around the first line (Wikisource's marks for an added line); that line is not in the critical edition's constituted text (found in the vulgate recension; its apparatus gives it as 3.211.1f*1052). Corrected शक्तिपूजायनिश्च → शक्तिपूजापरश्च (misprint in Wikisource; पूजायनि is not a word; critical edition śaktipūjāparaś ca). The other two lines are CE 3.211.2.

Verse 3 (3.223.3)

तपसस्तु फलं दृष्ट्वासंप्रवृत्तं तपोमयम् । उद्धर्तुकामो मतिमान्पुत्रो जज्ञे पुरंदरः ॥

tapasastu phalaṃ dṛṣṭvāsaṃpravṛttaṃ tapomayam | uddhartukāmo matimānputro jajñe puraṃdaraḥ

Seeing the fruit of austerity come forth, wholly made of austerity, a wise son, Purandara, was born, wishing to raise it up.

Verse 4 (3.223.4)

उष्मा चैवोष्मणो जज्ञे सोऽग्निर्भूतेषु लक्ष्यते । अग्निश्चापि मनुर्नाम प्राजापत्यं सकारणम् ॥

uṣmā caivoṣmaṇo jajñe so'gnirbhūteṣu lakṣyate | agniścāpi manurnāma prājāpatyaṃ sakāraṇam

And Ushma was born from heat; that fire is seen in all beings. There is also the fire named Manu, which belongs to Prajapati and is the source of things.

Verse 5 (3.223.5)

शंभुमग्निमथ प्राहुर्ब्राह्मणा वेदपारगाः । आवसथ्यं द्विजाः प्राहुर्दीप्तमग्निं महाप्रभम् ॥

śaṃbhumagnimatha prāhurbrāhmaṇā vedapāragāḥ | āvasathyaṃ dvijāḥ prāhurdīptamagniṃ mahāprabham

Brahmins versed in the Vedas call one fire Shambhu; and the twice-born call the blazing fire of great radiance the Avasathya.

Verse 6 (3.223.6)

ऊर्जस्करान्हव्यवाहान्सुवर्णसदृशप्रभान् । अग्निस्तपो ह्यजनयत्पञ्च यज्ञसुतानिह ॥

ūrjaskarānhavyavāhānsuvarṇasadṛśaprabhān | agnistapo hyajanayatpañca yajñasutāniha

The fire Tapas begot here five sons of the sacrifice, bearers of oblations who give strength, shining like gold.

Verse 7 (3.223.7)

प्रततोऽग्निर्महाभाग परिश्रान्तो गवांपतिः । असुराञ्जनयन्घोरान्मर्त्यांश्चैव पृथग्विधान् ॥

pratato'gnirmahābhāga pariśrānto gavāṃpatiḥ | asurāñjanayanghorānmartyāṃścaiva pṛthagvidhān

The far-spreading fire Gavampati, O fortunate one, grew weary as he brought forth the dreadful asuras and mortals of many kinds.

Verse 8 (3.223.8)

तपसश्च मनुं पुत्रं भानुं चाप्यङ्गिराः सृजत् । बृहद्भानुं तु तं प्राहुर्ब्राह्मणा वेदपारगाः ॥

tapasaśca manuṃ putraṃ bhānuṃ cāpyaṅgirāḥ sṛjat | bṛhadbhānuṃ tu taṃ prāhurbrāhmaṇā vedapāragāḥ

And Angiras created Manu and Bhanu as sons of Tapas; the brahmins versed in the Vedas call this Bhanu Brihadbhanu.

Verse 9 (3.223.9)

भानोर्भार्या महाराज बृहद्भासा तु सोमजा । षट्पुत्राञ्जनयामास तदा सा कन्यया सह । भानोराङ्गिरसस्याथ शृणु तस्य प्रजाविधिम् ॥

bhānorbhāryā mahārāja bṛhadbhāsā tu somajā | ṣaṭputrāñjanayāmāsa tadā sā kanyayā saha | bhānorāṅgirasasyātha śṛṇu tasya prajāvidhim

Bhanu's wife, O great king, was Brihadbhasa, daughter of Soma. She then bore six sons, together with a daughter. Now hear the line of descent of Bhanu, of the house of Angiras.

Note on the text: Corresponds to CE 3.211.9, which reads differently (bhānor bhāryā suprajā tu bṛhadbhāsā tu somajā / asṛjetāṃ tu ṣaṭ putrāñ śṛṇu tāsāṃ prajāvidhim); Wikisource's second line and the opening of its third are given in the critical edition's apparatus (3.211.9c*1053). Wikisource's reading is kept.

Verse 10 (3.223.10)

दुर्बलानां तु भूतानामसून् यः संप्रयच्छति । तमग्निं बलदं प्राहुः प्रथमं भानुजं सुतम् ॥

durbalānāṃ tu bhūtānāmasūn yaḥ saṃprayacchati | tamagniṃ baladaṃ prāhuḥ prathamaṃ bhānujaṃ sutam

The fire who gives the breath of life to weak creatures is called Balada, the first son born of Bhanu.

Verse 11 (3.223.11)

यः प्रशान्तेषु भूतेषु मन्युर्भवति दारुणः । अग्निः स मन्युमान्नाम द्वितीयो भानुजः सुतः ॥

yaḥ praśānteṣu bhūteṣu manyurbhavati dāruṇaḥ | agniḥ sa manyumānnāma dvitīyo bhānujaḥ sutaḥ

He who becomes the fierce wrath in creatures that were at peace is the fire named Manyumat, Bhanu's second son.

Verse 12 (3.223.12)

दर्शे च पौर्णमासे च यस्येह हविरुच्यते । विष्णुर्नामेह योऽग्निस्तु धृतिमान्नाम सोङ्गिराः ॥

darśe ca paurṇamāse ca yasyeha havirucyate | viṣṇurnāmeha yo'gnistu dhṛtimānnāma soṅgirāḥ

The fire to whom the oblation is said to belong at the new-moon and full-moon rites, called Vishnu here, is Dhritimat, of the line of Angiras.

Verse 13 (3.223.13)

इन्द्रेण सहितं यस्य हविराग्रयणं स्मृतम् । अग्निराग्रयणो नाम भानोरेवान्वयस्तु सः ॥

indreṇa sahitaṃ yasya havirāgrayaṇaṃ smṛtam | agnirāgrayaṇo nāma bhānorevānvayastu saḥ

He whose oblation, together with Indra's, is known as the Agrayana, the offering of first fruits, is the fire named Agrayana; he too is of Bhanu's line.

Verse 14 (3.223.14)

चातुर्मास्येषु नित्यानां हविषां यो निरग्रहः । चतुर्भिः सहितः पुत्रैर्भानोरेवान्वयस्तु सः ॥

cāturmāsyeṣu nityānāṃ haviṣāṃ yo niragrahaḥ | caturbhiḥ sahitaḥ putrairbhānorevānvayastu saḥ

The fire Niragraha, to whom the regular oblations of the Chaturmasya rites belong, together with his four sons, is likewise of Bhanu's line.

Verse 15 (3.223.15)

निशा त्वजनयत्कन्यामग्नीषोमावुभौ तथा । मनोरेवाभवद्भार्या सुषुवे पञ्च पावकान् ॥

niśā tvajanayatkanyāmagnīṣomāvubhau tathā | manorevābhavadbhāryā suṣuve pañca pāvakān

Nisha bore a daughter and the pair Agni and Soma; she was the wife of Manu, and she bore five fires.

Verse 16 (3.223.16)

पूज्यते हविषा योऽग्रे चातुर्मास्येषु पावकः । पर्जन्यसहितः श्रीमानग्निर्वैश्वानरस्तु सः ॥

pūjyate haviṣā yo'gre cāturmāsyeṣu pāvakaḥ | parjanyasahitaḥ śrīmānagnirvaiśvānarastu saḥ

The fire who is worshipped first with oblation in the Chaturmasya rites, the glorious one joined with Parjanya, is Vaishvanara.

Verse 17 (3.223.17)

अस्य लोकस्य सर्वस्य यः प्रभुः परिपठ्यते । सोऽग्निर्विश्वपतिर्नाम द्वितीयस्तापसः सुतः ॥

asya lokasya sarvasya yaḥ prabhuḥ paripaṭhyate | so'gnirviśvapatirnāma dvitīyastāpasaḥ sutaḥ

He who is declared the lord of this whole world is the fire named Vishvapati, the second son of Tapas.

Note on the text: Corresponds to CE 3.211.17ab–cd (Wikisource reads द्वितीयस्तापसः सुतः where the critical edition has dvitīyo vai manoḥ sutaḥ). The critical edition's third line (tataḥ sviṣṭaṃ bhaved ājyaṃ sviṣṭakṛt paramaḥ smṛtaḥ) is not in Wikisource.

Verse 18 (3.223.18)

कन्या या हरिणी नाम हिरण्यकशिपोः सुता । कर्मणाऽसौ बभौ भार्या स वह्निः स प्रजापतिः ॥

kanyā yā hariṇī nāma hiraṇyakaśipoḥ sutā | karmaṇā'sau babhau bhāryā sa vahniḥ sa prajāpatiḥ

The maiden named Harini, daughter of Hiranyakashipu, became by her deeds his wife; that fire is Prajapati.

Note on the text: Re-divided: Wikisource prints its verse number 18 beside the first line alone and runs the next line into verse 19; the line कर्मणाऽसौ बभौ भार्या स वह्निः स प्रजापतिः is moved here, completing the verse as in CE 3.211.18. Corrected सुताः → सुता (misprint in Wikisource; one daughter, critical edition sutā). हरिणी is kept (the critical edition and a variant noted on the page read rohiṇī).

Verse 19 (3.223.19)

प्राणानाश्रित्य यो देहं प्रवर्तयति देहिनाम् । तस्य सन्निहितो नाम शब्दरूपस्य साधनः ॥

prāṇānāśritya yo dehaṃ pravartayati dehinām | tasya sannihito nāma śabdarūpasya sādhanaḥ

The fire who, resting on the life-breaths, sets in motion the bodies of embodied beings is named Sannihita; he is the means of sound and form.

Note on the text: Re-divided: the first line printed in Wikisource's verse 19 belongs to verse 18 and has been moved there; the remaining two lines form this verse, as in CE 3.211.19.

Verse 20 (3.223.20)

शुक्लं कृष्णं वपुर्देवो यो बिभर्ति हुताशनः । अकल्मषः कल्मषाणां कर्ता क्रोधाश्रितस्तु सः ॥

śuklaṃ kṛṣṇaṃ vapurdevo yo bibharti hutāśanaḥ | akalmaṣaḥ kalmaṣāṇāṃ kartā krodhāśritastu saḥ

The god, the fire who bears a body both white and black, himself stainless yet the maker of stains, is the one who dwells in anger.

Verse 21 (3.223.21)

कपिलं परमर्षिं च यं प्राहुर्यतयः सदा । अग्निः स कपिलो नाम साङ्ख्ययोगप्रवर्तकः ॥

kapilaṃ paramarṣiṃ ca yaṃ prāhuryatayaḥ sadā | agniḥ sa kapilo nāma sāṅkhyayogapravartakaḥ

He whom ascetics always call the supreme seer Kapila is the fire named Kapila, the founder of Sankhya and Yoga.

Verse 22 (3.223.22)

योऽन्तर्यच्छति भूतानि येन चेष्टन्ति नित्यदा । कर्मस्विह विचित्रेषु सोऽग्रणीर्वह्निरुच्यते ॥

yo'ntaryacchati bhūtāni yena ceṣṭanti nityadā | karmasviha vicitreṣu so'graṇīrvahnirucyate

He who governs creatures from within, by whom they ever act in their manifold works in this world, is called the fire Agrani, the Leader.

Verse 23 (3.223.23)

इमानन्यान्समसृजत्पावकान्प्रथितौजसः । अग्निहोत्रस्य दुष्टस्य प्रायश्चित्तार्थमुल्बणान् ॥

imānanyānsamasṛjatpāvakānprathitaujasaḥ | agnihotrasya duṣṭasya prāyaścittārthamulbaṇān

He created these other fires, of renowned might and fierce, for expiation when the agnihotra has been defiled.

Note on the text: Corrected इमामन्यान् → इमानन्यान् (misprint in Wikisource; the pronoun must agree with the masculine plural पावकान्; critical edition imān anyān).

Verse 24 (3.223.24)

संस्पृशेयुर्यदाऽन्योन्यं कथंचिद्वायुनाऽग्नयः । इष्टिरष्टाकपालेन कार्या वै शुचयेऽग्नये ॥

saṃspṛśeyuryadā'nyonyaṃ kathaṃcidvāyunā'gnayaḥ | iṣṭiraṣṭākapālena kāryā vai śucaye'gnaye

If the fires somehow touch one another through the wind, an ishti with a cake on eight potsherds should be offered to Agni Shuchi.

Verse 25 (3.223.25)

दक्षिणाग्निर्यदा द्वाभ्यां संसृजेत तदा किल । इष्टिरष्टाकपालेन कार्या वै वीतयेऽग्नये ॥

dakṣiṇāgniryadā dvābhyāṃ saṃsṛjeta tadā kila | iṣṭiraṣṭākapālena kāryā vai vītaye'gnaye

If the southern fire comes into contact with the other two, then, it is said, an ishti with a cake on eight potsherds should be offered to Agni Viti.

Verse 26 (3.223.26)

यद्यग्नयो हि स्पृश्येयुर्निवेशस्था दवाग्निना । इष्टिरष्टाकपालेन कार्या तु शुचयेऽग्नये ॥

yadyagnayo hi spṛśyeyurniveśasthā davāgninā | iṣṭiraṣṭākapālena kāryā tu śucaye'gnaye

If the fires in their settled places are touched by a forest fire, an ishti with a cake on eight potsherds should be offered to Agni Shuchi.

Note on the text: Corrected इष्टरष्टाकपालेन → इष्टिरष्टाकपालेन (misprint in Wikisource; the vowel sign of इष्टिः had dropped; critical edition iṣṭir aṣṭākapālena, as in the neighbouring verses).

Verse 27 (3.223.27)

अग्निं रजस्वला वै स्त्री संस्पृशेदाग्निहौत्रिकम् । इष्टिरष्टाकपालेन कार्या वसुमतेऽग्नये ॥

agniṃ rajasvalā vai strī saṃspṛśedāgnihautrikam | iṣṭiraṣṭākapālena kāryā vasumate'gnaye

If a woman in her courses touches the agnihotra fire, an ishti with a cake on eight potsherds should be offered to Agni Vasumat.

Verse 28 (3.223.28)

मृतः श्रूयेत यो जीवन्परासुरशुचिर्यथा । इष्टिरष्टाकपालेन कार्या सुरभिमतेऽग्नये ॥

mṛtaḥ śrūyeta yo jīvanparāsuraśuciryathā | iṣṭiraṣṭākapālena kāryā surabhimate'gnaye

If a man who is alive is reported dead, as though he were lifeless and impure, an ishti with a cake on eight potsherds should be offered to Agni Surabhimat.

Verse 29 (3.223.29)

आर्तो न जुहुयादग्निं त्रिरात्रं यस्तु ब्राह्मणः । इष्टिरष्टाकपालेन कार्या तन्तुमतेऽग्नये ॥

ārto na juhuyādagniṃ trirātraṃ yastu brāhmaṇaḥ | iṣṭiraṣṭākapālena kāryā tantumate'gnaye

If a brahmin, being in distress, does not offer into the fire for three nights, an ishti with a cake on eight potsherds should be offered to Agni Tantumat.

Verse 30 (3.223.30)

दर्शश्च पौर्णमासश्च यस्य तिष्ठेत्प्रतिष्ठितम् । इष्टिरष्टाकपालेन कार्या पथिकृतेऽग्नये ॥

darśaśca paurṇamāsaśca yasya tiṣṭhetpratiṣṭhitam | iṣṭiraṣṭākapālena kāryā pathikṛte'gnaye

If a man's new-moon and full-moon rites, once established, come to a halt, an ishti with a cake on eight potsherds should be offered to Agni Pathikrit.

Note on the text: Corrected यस् तिष्ठेत् → यस्य तिष्ठेत् (misprint in Wikisource; an akshara had dropped from यस्य; critical edition yasya tiṣṭhet).

Verse 31 (3.223.31)

सूतिकाग्निर्यदा चाग्निं संस्पृशेदाग्निहौत्रिकम् । इष्टिरष्टाकपालेन कार्या चाग्निमतेऽग्नये ॥

sūtikāgniryadā cāgniṃ saṃspṛśedāgnihautrikam | iṣṭiraṣṭākapālena kāryā cāgnimate'gnaye

When the fire of the lying-in chamber touches the agnihotra fire, an ishti with a cake on eight potsherds should be offered to Agni Agnimat.