Dhritarashtra's Counsel on Kingship

Verse 1 (15.6.1)

ततो राज्ञाऽभ्यनुज्ञातो धृतराष्ट्रो महामनाः । ययौ स्वभवनं राजा गान्धार्याऽनुगतस्तदा ॥

tato rājñā'bhyanujñāto dhṛtarāṣṭro mahāmanāḥ | yayau svabhavanaṃ rājā gāndhāryā'nugatastadā

Then, permitted by the king, the high-minded Dhritarashtra went to his own house, followed by Gandhari.

Verse 2 (15.6.2)

मन्दप्राणगतिर्धीमान्कृच्छ्रादिव समुद्वहन् । पदानि स महीपालो जीर्णो गजपतिर्यथा ॥

mandaprāṇagatirdhīmānkṛcchrādiva samudvahan | padāni sa mahīpālo jīrṇo gajapatiryathā

His steps and breath were faint; the wise king bore himself along with effort, like an aged lord of elephants.

Note on the text: Corrected धामान् → धीमान् (misprint in Wikisource; the vowel is wrong; CE reads 'dhīmān').

Verse 3 (15.6.3)

तमन्वगच्छद्विदुरो विद्वान्सूतश्च संजयः । स चापि परमेष्वासः कृपः सारद्वतस्तथा ॥

tamanvagacchadviduro vidvānsūtaśca saṃjayaḥ | sa cāpi parameṣvāsaḥ kṛpaḥ sāradvatastathā

Vidura the learned followed him, and Sanjaya the charioteer's son, and also the great archer Kripa, son of Saradvat.

Verse 4 (15.6.4)

स प्रविश्य गृहं राजा कृतपूर्वाह्णिकक्रियः । तर्पयित्वा द्विजश्रेष्ठानाहारमकरोत्तदा ॥

sa praviśya gṛhaṃ rājā kṛtapūrvāhṇikakriyaḥ | tarpayitvā dvijaśreṣṭhānāhāramakarottadā

Entering the house, the king performed his morning rites, satisfied the best of the Brahmins, and then took food.

Verse 5 (15.6.5)

गान्धारी चैव धर्मज्ञा कुन्त्या सह मनस्विनी । वधूभिरुपचारेण पूजिताऽभुङ्क्त भारत ॥

gāndhārī caiva dharmajñā kuntyā saha manasvinī | vadhūbhirupacāreṇa pūjitā'bhuṅkta bhārata

Gandhari too, wise in dharma and high-minded, together with Kunti, was honoured with attentions by her daughters-in-law, and ate, O Bharata.

Note on the text: Corrected चारेणि → चारेण (misprint in Wikisource; stray vowel sign).

Verse 6 (15.6.6)

कृताहारं कृताहाराः सर्वे ते विदुरादयः । पाण्डवाश्च कुरुश्रेष्ठमुपातिष्ठन्त तं नृपम् ॥

kṛtāhāraṃ kṛtāhārāḥ sarve te vidurādayaḥ | pāṇḍavāśca kuruśreṣṭhamupātiṣṭhanta taṃ nṛpam

When he had eaten, Vidura and all the others also ate, and the Pandavas waited upon that best of the Kurus.

Verse 7 (15.6.7)

ततोऽब्रवीन्महाराजः कुन्तीपुत्रमुपह्वरे । निषण्णं पाणिना पृष्ठे संस्पृशन्नंबिकासुतः ॥

tato'bravīnmahārājaḥ kuntīputramupahvare | niṣaṇṇaṃ pāṇinā pṛṣṭhe saṃspṛśannaṃbikāsutaḥ

Then the great king, the son of Ambika, spoke to the son of Kunti in private, touching his back with his hand as he sat beside him.

Verse 8 (15.6.8)

अप्रमादस्त्वया कार्यः सर्वथा कुरुनन्दन । अष्टाङ्गे राजशार्दूल राज्ये धर्मपुरस्कृते ॥

apramādastvayā kāryaḥ sarvathā kurunandana | aṣṭāṅge rājaśārdūla rājye dharmapuraskṛte

"You must never be careless, delight of the Kurus, tiger among kings, in the kingdom of eight limbs that is guided by dharma.

Note on the text: Spoken by Dhritarashtra to Yudhishthira (CE heads 15,010.001 'dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca'; the page keeps Vaishampayana's heading over the whole speech).

Verse 9 (15.6.9)

तत्तु शक्यं महाराज रक्षितुं पाण्डुनन्दन । राज्यं धर्मेण कौन्तेय विद्वानसि निबोध तत् ॥

tattu śakyaṃ mahārāja rakṣituṃ pāṇḍunandana | rājyaṃ dharmeṇa kaunteya vidvānasi nibodha tat

That can be guarded, great king, delight of Pandu: rule by dharma, son of Kunti. You are learned; hear it.

Verse 10 (15.6.10)

विद्यावृद्धान्सदैव त्वमुपासीथा युधिष्ठिर । शृणुयास्ते च यद्ब्रूयुः कुर्याश्चैवाविचारयन् ॥

vidyāvṛddhānsadaiva tvamupāsīthā yudhiṣṭhira | śṛṇuyāste ca yadbrūyuḥ kuryāścaivāvicārayan

Always wait upon the elders in learning, Yudhishthira; listen to what they say and do it without hesitation.

Verse 11 (15.6.11)

प्रातरुत्थाय तान्राजन्पूजयित्वा यथाविधि । कृत्यकाले समुत्पन्ने पृच्छेथाः कार्यमात्मनः ॥

prātarutthāya tānrājanpūjayitvā yathāvidhi | kṛtyakāle samutpanne pṛcchethāḥ kāryamātmanaḥ

Rising in the morning, honour them duly, O king; and when a time for action arrives, ask them about your task.

Note on the text: Corrected प्रातरुस्थाय → प्रातरुत्थाय (misprint in Wikisource; stha for ttha; CE reads 'prātar utthāya').

Verse 12 (15.6.12)

ते तु सम्मानिता राजंस्त्वया लोकहितार्थिना । प्रवक्ष्यन्ति हितं तात सर्वथा तव भारत ॥

te tu sammānitā rājaṃstvayā lokahitārthinā | pravakṣyanti hitaṃ tāta sarvathā tava bhārata

Honoured by you, O king, who seek the good of the world, they will tell you in every case what is good for you, dear one, Bharata.

Verse 13 (15.6.13)

इन्द्रियाणि च सर्वाणि वाजिवत्परिपालय । हितायैव भविष्यन्ति रक्षितं द्रविणं यथा ॥

indriyāṇi ca sarvāṇi vājivatparipālaya | hitāyaiva bhaviṣyanti rakṣitaṃ draviṇaṃ yathā

Guard all your senses as one guards horses; so guarded they will serve your good, as wealth does when it is protected.

Verse 14 (15.6.14)

अमात्यानुपधातीतान्पितृपैतामहाञ्शुचीन् । दान्तान्कर्मसु सर्वेषु मुख्यान्मुख्येषु योजयेः ॥

amātyānupadhātītānpitṛpaitāmahāñśucīn | dāntānkarmasu sarveṣu mukhyānmukhyeṣu yojayeḥ

Appoint as ministers men who have passed every test, who are pure and were servants of your father and grandfather, self-controlled, setting the foremost in the foremost tasks.

Verse 15 (15.6.15)

चारयेथाश्च सततं चारैरविदितः परैः । परीक्षितैर्बहुविधैः स्वराष्ट्रेषु परेषु च ॥

cārayethāśca satataṃ cārairaviditaḥ paraiḥ | parīkṣitairbahuvidhaiḥ svarāṣṭreṣu pareṣu ca

Keep sending out spies at all times, unknown to your enemies, well tested and of many kinds, both in your own lands and in those of others.

Verse 16 (15.6.16)

पुरं च ते सुगुप्तं स्याद्दृढप्राकारतोरणम् । अट्टाट्टालकसम्बाधं षट्पदं सर्वतो दिशम् ॥

puraṃ ca te suguptaṃ syāddṛḍhaprākāratoraṇam | aṭṭāṭṭālakasambādhaṃ ṣaṭpadaṃ sarvato diśam

Your city should be well guarded, with strong walls and gates, crowded with towers and turrets, and provided with six stations on every side.

Verse 17 (15.6.17)

तस्य द्वाराणि सर्वाणि पर्याप्तानि बृहन्ति च । सर्वतः सुविभक्तानि यन्त्रैरारक्षितानि च ॥

tasya dvārāṇi sarvāṇi paryāptāni bṛhanti ca | sarvataḥ suvibhaktāni yantrairārakṣitāni ca

All its gates should be ample and large, well spaced on every side, and guarded with engines.

Verse 18 (15.6.18)

पुरुषैरलमर्थस्ते विदितैः कुलशीलतः । आत्मा च रक्ष्यः सततं भोजनादिषु भारत । विहाराहारकालेषु माल्यशय्यासनेषु च ॥

puruṣairalamarthaste viditaiḥ kulaśīlataḥ | ātmā ca rakṣyaḥ satataṃ bhojanādiṣu bhārata | vihārāhārakāleṣu mālyaśayyāsaneṣu ca

You have need of men whose family and character are known; and you must always guard your own person, Bharata, at meals and the like, at times of recreation and eating, and as to garlands, beds and seats.

Note on the text: Three-line verse as printed on the page (15-6-18a,b,c). Lines 1-2 = CE 15,009.018a, 018c; line 3 = CE 15,009.019a ('vihārāhārakāleṣu mālyaśayyāsaneṣu ca').

Verse 19 (15.6.19)

स्त्रियश्च ते सुगुप्ताः स्युर्वृद्धैराप्तैरधिष्ठिताः । शीलवद्भिः कुलीनैश्च विद्वद्भिश्च युधिष्ठिर ॥

striyaśca te suguptāḥ syurvṛddhairāptairadhiṣṭhitāḥ | śīlavadbhiḥ kulīnaiśca vidvadbhiśca yudhiṣṭhira

Your women should be well guarded, watched over by elderly trusted persons who are virtuous, of good family and learned, Yudhishthira.

Note on the text: CE 15,009.019c, 019e (the first line of this verse is CE 15,009.019c 'striyaś ca te suguptāḥ syur vṛddhair āptair adhiṣṭhitāḥ'); wording of the second line differs slightly in Wikisource.

Verse 20 (15.6.20)

मन्त्रिणश्चैव कुर्वीथा द्विजान्विद्याविशारदान् । विनीतांश्च कुलीनांश्च धर्मार्थकुशलानृजून् ॥

mantriṇaścaiva kurvīthā dvijānvidyāviśāradān | vinītāṃśca kulīnāṃśca dharmārthakuśalānṛjūn

Make as your counsellors Brahmins skilled in learning, who are well trained, of good family, expert in dharma and artha, and upright.

Note on the text: Corrected मन्त्रिणिश्चैव → मन्त्रिणश्चैव (misprint in Wikisource; stray vowel sign; CE reads 'mantriṇaś caiva').

Verse 21 (15.6.21)

तैः सार्धं मन्त्रयेथास्त्वं नात्यर्थं बहुभिः सह । समस्तैरपि च व्यस्तैर्व्यपदेशेन केनचित् ॥

taiḥ sārdhaṃ mantrayethāstvaṃ nātyarthaṃ bahubhiḥ saha | samastairapi ca vyastairvyapadeśena kenacit

Take counsel with them, but not too much and not with many at once — with all together or with each separately, under some pretext.

Note on the text: Corrected बहुभिःक सह → बहुभिः सह (misprint in Wikisource; stray letter 'क' (a footnote mark) after the visarga).

Verse 22 (15.6.22)

सुसंवृतं मन्त्रगृहं स्थलं चारुह्य मन्त्रयेः । अरण्ये निःशलाके वा न च रात्रौ कथञ्चन ॥

susaṃvṛtaṃ mantragṛhaṃ sthalaṃ cāruhya mantrayeḥ | araṇye niḥśalāke vā na ca rātrau kathañcana

Take counsel in a well-enclosed council chamber, or on an open height, or in a forest without grass or reeds; never at night in any way.

Verse 23 (15.6.23)

वानराः पक्षिणश्चैव ये मनुष्यानुकारिणः । सर्वे मन्त्रगृहे वर्ज्या ये चापि जडपङ्गवः ॥

vānarāḥ pakṣiṇaścaiva ye manuṣyānukāriṇaḥ | sarve mantragṛhe varjyā ye cāpi jaḍapaṅgavaḥ

Monkeys and birds that imitate men must all be kept out of the council room, and also those who are dull or lame.

Verse 24 (15.6.24)

मन्त्रभेदे हि ये दोषा भवन्ति पृथिवीक्षिताम् । न ते शक्याः समाधातुं कथञ्चिदिति मे मतिः ॥

mantrabhede hi ye doṣā bhavanti pṛthivīkṣitām | na te śakyāḥ samādhātuṃ kathañciditi me matiḥ

For the faults that arise for kings from leaked counsel cannot be remedied in any way; this is my judgment.

Note on the text: Corrected भन्ति → भवन्ति (misprint in Wikisource; dropped va; CE reads 'bhavanti').

Verse 25 (15.6.25)

दोषांश्च मन्त्रभेदस्य ब्रूयास्त्वं मन्त्रिमण्डले । अभेदे च गुणा राजन्पुनःपुनररिंदम ॥

doṣāṃśca mantrabhedasya brūyāstvaṃ mantrimaṇḍale | abhede ca guṇā rājanpunaḥpunarariṃdama

In the assembly of counsellors, speak of the faults of leaked counsel, and again and again of the merits of keeping it secret, O subduer of foes.

Verse 26 (15.6.26)

पौरजानपदानां च शौचाशौचे युधिष्ठिर । यथा स्याद्विदितं राजंस्तथा कार्यं कुरूद्वह ॥

paurajānapadānāṃ ca śaucāśauce yudhiṣṭhira | yathā syādviditaṃ rājaṃstathā kāryaṃ kurūdvaha

See to it, Yudhishthira, that you come to know the purity and impurity of the townsfolk and the people of the country.

Note on the text: Corrected शौचशौचे → शौचाशौचे (misprint in Wikisource; dropped long ā; CE reads 'śaucāśaucaṃ').

Verse 27 (15.6.27)

व्यवहारश्च ते राजन्नित्यमाप्तैरधिष्ठितः । योज्यस्तुष्टैर्हितै राजन्नित्यं चारैरनुष्ठितः ॥

vyavahāraśca te rājannityamāptairadhiṣṭhitaḥ | yojyastuṣṭairhitai rājannityaṃ cārairanuṣṭhitaḥ

Your administration, O king, should always be overseen by trusted men, entrusted to contented and well-disposed ones, and watched by spies.

Verse 28 (15.6.28)

परिमाणं विदित्वा च दण्डं दण्ड्येषु भारत । प्रणयेयुर्यथान्यायं पुरुषास्ते युधिष्ठिर ॥

parimāṇaṃ viditvā ca daṇḍaṃ daṇḍyeṣu bhārata | praṇayeyuryathānyāyaṃ puruṣāste yudhiṣṭhira

Knowing the proper measure, your officers should impose punishment on the punishable according to justice, Yudhishthira.

Verse 29 (15.6.29)

आदानरुचयश्चैव परदाराभिमर्शिनः । उग्रदण्डिप्रधानाश्च मिथ्याव्याहारिणस्तथा ॥

ādānarucayaścaiva paradārābhimarśinaḥ | ugradaṇḍipradhānāśca mithyāvyāhāriṇastathā

Those who love taking bribes, who touch others' wives, who rely on harsh punishment, and likewise liars,

Verse 30 (15.6.30)

आक्रोष्टारश्च लुब्धाश्च हर्तारः साहसप्रियाः । सभाविहारभेत्तारो वर्णानां च प्रदूषकाः । हिरण्यदण्ड्या वध्याश्च कर्तव्या देशकालतः ॥

ākroṣṭāraśca lubdhāśca hartāraḥ sāhasapriyāḥ | sabhāvihārabhettāro varṇānāṃ ca pradūṣakāḥ | hiraṇyadaṇḍyā vadhyāśca kartavyā deśakālataḥ

revilers, the greedy, robbers, lovers of violence, disrupters of assemblies and of recreation, defilers of the classes — these should be fined in gold or put to death, according to place and time.

Verse 31 (15.6.31)

अवरोधभूमौ भृत्यैश्च पानं सह विवर्जयेत् । आक्रोशन्त्यनुमत्तास्ते कलत्रं वाऽपि गृह्णते ॥

avarodhabhūmau bhṛtyaiśca pānaṃ saha vivarjayet | ākrośantyanumattāste kalatraṃ vā'pi gṛhṇate

In the women's quarters one should avoid drinking together with servants. Drunk, they abuse people, and even lay hands on wives.

Note on the text: Vulgate-only passage: not in the critical edition's numbered text; it is star passage 15,010.004f*0025_01-02 (an interpolation, here set off by a backtick opening on the page, which is removed). Verses 31-34 together = *0025_01-08.

Verse 32 (15.6.32)

जिघांसन्त्यपि शस्त्रेण नष्टाः क्रीडन्ति चोत्कटाः । नानाक्षेपा व्याहरन्ति गम्यागम्यं न जानते ॥

jighāṃsantyapi śastreṇa naṣṭāḥ krīḍanti cotkaṭāḥ | nānākṣepā vyāharanti gamyāgamyaṃ na jānate

They try to kill with weapons; ruined, the arrogant revel; they utter all sorts of insults and cannot tell the fit from the unfit.

Note on the text: Vulgate-only passage: critical edition star passage 15,010.004f*0025_03-04.

Verse 33 (15.6.33)

अतिपानेन राजाऽपि सर्वं कोशं विनाशयेत् । वितरेद्गायकेभ्यश्च वृथा च द्रव्यसञ्चयम् ॥

atipānena rājā'pi sarvaṃ kośaṃ vināśayet | vitaredgāyakebhyaśca vṛthā ca dravyasañcayam

By excess of drinking even a king may ruin his whole treasury, and squander wealth on singers in vain.

Note on the text: Corrected अतिपानेनि → अतिपानेन (misprint in Wikisource; stray vowel sign; CE star line reads 'atipānena'). Vulgate-only passage: critical edition star passage 15,010.004f*0025_05-06 (second line there reads 'pradhānadravyasaṃcayam').

Verse 34 (15.6.34)

शब्दमात्मनि दोषांश्च पिबेदेकश्च जायया । युक्त्या प्रकाशमयति सुवीर्यस्य विवृद्धये ॥

śabdamātmani doṣāṃśca pibedekaśca jāyayā | yuktyā prakāśamayati suvīryasya vivṛddhaye

Aware of the talk and of the faults that it brings, let him drink only with his wife, with discretion and in the open, for the growth of his own strength.

Note on the text: Corrected सुवीर्यस्यि → सुवीर्यस्य (misprint in Wikisource; stray vowel sign). Vulgate-only passage: critical edition star passage 15,010.004f*0025_07-08 (there 'buddhvemān pānadoṣāṃs tu pibed ekaḥ svajāyayā / yuktyā prakāśaṃ matimān svavīryasyābhivṛddhaye'). The closing quote mark with doubled danda (।।') printed after the verse is removed. The sense of 'शब्दमात्मनि दोषांश्च … प्रकाशमयति' is uncertain.

Verse 35 (15.6.35)

प्रातरेव हि पश्येथा ये कुर्युः प्रियकर्म ते । अलङ्कारमथो भोज्यमत ऊर्ध्वं समाचरेः ॥

prātareva hi paśyethā ye kuryuḥ priyakarma te | alaṅkāramatho bhojyamata ūrdhvaṃ samācareḥ

Early in the morning see those who are to do your pleasing tasks; after that attend to adornment and food.

Note on the text: Corrected पश्यथा ये → पश्येथा ये (misprint in Wikisource; missing e-vowel; CE reads 'paśyethāḥ').

Verse 36 (15.6.36)

पश्येथाश्च ततो योधान्सदा त्वं प्रतिहर्षयन् । दूतानां च चराणां च प्रदोषस्ते सदा भवेत् ॥

paśyethāśca tato yodhānsadā tvaṃ pratiharṣayan | dūtānāṃ ca carāṇāṃ ca pradoṣaste sadā bhavet

Then see the warriors, always cheering them; and let the evening be always for envoys and spies.

Note on the text: Corrected पश्येथाश्चि → पश्येथाश्च (misprint in Wikisource; stray vowel sign; CE reads 'paśyethāś ca').

Verse 37 (15.6.37)

सदा चापररात्रान्ते भवेत्कार्यार्थनिर्णयः । मध्यरात्रे विहारस्ते मध्याह्ने च सदा भवेत् ॥

sadā cāpararātrānte bhavetkāryārthanirṇayaḥ | madhyarātre vihāraste madhyāhne ca sadā bhavet

The last watch of the night should always be for deciding matters of business; and let your recreation be at midnight and at midday.

Verse 38 (15.6.38)

सर्वे त्वौपयिकाः कालाः कार्याणां भरतर्षभ । तथैवालङ्कृतः काले तिष्ठेथा भूरिदक्षिणः ॥

sarve tvaupayikāḥ kālāḥ kāryāṇāṃ bharatarṣabha | tathaivālaṅkṛtaḥ kāle tiṣṭhethā bhūridakṣiṇaḥ

All times are fit for tasks, best of the Bharatas; and keep yourself adorned in due season, lavish in gifts.

Note on the text: Corrected तिष्ठिथा → तिष्ठेथा (misprint in Wikisource; CE reads 'tiṣṭhethā'; wrong vowel sign).

Verse 39 (15.6.39)

न विद्राव्य च तिष्ठेत परिहार्य विभूषणम् । प्रयोज्यं सर्वदैवेह मङ्गल्यं पापनाशनम् ॥

na vidrāvya ca tiṣṭheta parihārya vibhūṣaṇam | prayojyaṃ sarvadaiveha maṅgalyaṃ pāpanāśanam

One should not stay apart, having put aside the ornaments that are meant to be worn; what is auspicious and removes sin should always be used in this world.

Note on the text: Vulgate-only passage: critical edition star passage 15,010.008d*0026_01-02 (there 'na vṛthā vyavatiṣṭheta pārihāryādibhūṣaṇam / prayojyaṃ sarvadeveha māṅgalyaṃ pāpanāśanam'). The opening backtick and closing quote mark with doubled danda (`…।।') printed around the couplet are removed. The first line's wording ('विद्राव्य') is obscure.

Verse 40 (15.6.40)

चक्रवत्तात कार्याणां पर्यायो दृश्यते सदा । कोशस्य निचये यत्नं कुर्वीथा न्यायतः सदा । विविधस्य महाराज विपरीतं विवर्जयेः ॥

cakravattāta kāryāṇāṃ paryāyo dṛśyate sadā | kośasya nicaye yatnaṃ kurvīthā nyāyataḥ sadā | vividhasya mahārāja viparītaṃ vivarjayeḥ

The turn of tasks comes round like a wheel, dear son, always. Make an effort, justly and always, in gathering the treasury; and, great king, avoid whatever runs contrary to it in its many kinds.

Note on the text: Three-line verse as printed on the page (15-6-40a,b,c). Line 1 = CE 15,010.008e ('cakravat karmaṇāṃ tāta paryāyo hy eṣa nityaśaḥ'); lines 2-3 = CE 15,010.009a, 009c.

Verse 41 (15.6.41)

चारैर्विदित्वा शत्रूंश्च ये राज्ञामन्तरैषिणः । तानाप्तैः पुरुषैर्दूराद्धातयेथा नराधिप ॥

cārairviditvā śatrūṃśca ye rājñāmantaraiṣiṇaḥ | tānāptaiḥ puruṣairdūrāddhātayethā narādhipa

Learning through your spies who the enemies are that seek openings against kings, have them killed from afar, O ruler of men, by trusted men.

Verse 42 (15.6.42)

कर्म दृष्ट्वाऽथ भृत्यांस्त्वं वरयेथाः कुरूद्वह । कारयेथाश्च कर्माणि युक्तायुक्तैरधिष्ठितैः ॥

karma dṛṣṭvā'tha bhṛtyāṃstvaṃ varayethāḥ kurūdvaha | kārayethāśca karmāṇi yuktāyuktairadhiṣṭhitaiḥ

Judge your servants by their work and choose them, descendant of the Kurus, and have the tasks done under the oversight of officers of higher and lower rank.

Verse 43 (15.6.43)

सेनाप्राणेता च भवेत्तव तात दृढव्रतः । शूरः क्लेशसहश्चैव हितो भक्तश्च पूरुषः ॥

senāprāṇetā ca bhavettava tāta dṛḍhavrataḥ | śūraḥ kleśasahaścaiva hito bhaktaśca pūruṣaḥ

Let the leader of your army be firm in his vows, dear son: a brave man, able to endure hardship, loyal and devoted.

Verse 44 (15.6.44)

सर्वे जनपदाश्चैव तव कर्माणि पाण्डव । गोवद्रासभवच्चैव कुर्युर्ये व्यवहारिणः ॥

sarve janapadāścaiva tava karmāṇi pāṇḍava | govadrāsabhavaccaiva kuryurye vyavahāriṇaḥ

And in all the districts, Pandava, those who carry on trade and craft should do your works like cattle and asses.

Verse 45 (15.6.45)

स्वरन्ध्रं पररन्ध्रं च स्वेषु चैव परेषु च । उपलक्षयितव्यं ते नित्यमेव युधिष्ठिर ॥

svarandhraṃ pararandhraṃ ca sveṣu caiva pareṣu ca | upalakṣayitavyaṃ te nityameva yudhiṣṭhira

You must always look for the weak points of your own side and of the enemy, among your own people and among others, Yudhishthira.

Verse 46 (15.6.46)

देशजाश्चैव पुरुषा विक्रान्ताः स्वेषु कर्मसु । यात्राभिरनुरूपाभिरनुग्राह्या हितास्त्वया ॥

deśajāścaiva puruṣā vikrāntāḥ sveṣu karmasu | yātrābhiranurūpābhiranugrāhyā hitāstvayā

Men born in the land, valiant in their own tasks, who are loyal to you, should be favoured by you with suitable provisions.

Verse 47 (15.6.47)

गुणार्थिनां गुणः कार्यो विदुषा वै जनाधिप । अविचार्याश्च ते ते स्युरचला इव नित्यशः ॥

guṇārthināṃ guṇaḥ kāryo viduṣā vai janādhipa | avicāryāśca te te syuracalā iva nityaśaḥ

A wise man should do good to those who seek worth, lord of men; and they, whoever they may be, should be beyond question, ever unmoved like mountains."