Bhima Urges Yudhishthira to Rule

Verse 1 (12.16.1)

अर्जुनस्य वचः श्रुत्वा भीमसेनोऽत्यमर्षणः । धैर्यमास्थाय तं ज्येष्ठं भ्राता भ्रातरमब्रवीत् ॥

arjunasya vacaḥ śrutvā bhīmaseno'tyamarṣaṇaḥ | dhairyamāsthāya taṃ jyeṣṭhaṃ bhrātā bhrātaramabravīt

Hearing Arjuna's words, Bhimasena, unable to bear them, gathered his courage and spoke to his elder brother.

Verse 2 (12.16.2)

राजन्विदितधर्मोऽसि न तेऽस्त्यविदितं भुवि । उपशिक्षाम ते वृत्तं सदैव न च शक्नुमः ॥

rājanviditadharmo'si na te'styaviditaṃ bhuvi | upaśikṣāma te vṛttaṃ sadaiva na ca śaknumaḥ

O king, you know dharma; there is nothing in the world that you do not know. We have always learned from your conduct, yet we cannot match it.

Verse 3 (12.16.3)

न वक्ष्यामि न वक्ष्यामीत्येवं मे मनसि स्थितम् । अतिदुःखात्तु वक्ष्यामि तन्निबोध जनाधिप ॥

na vakṣyāmi na vakṣyāmītyevaṃ me manasi sthitam | atiduḥkhāttu vakṣyāmi tannibodha janādhipa

'I will not speak, I will not speak' was what I had settled in my mind. But out of great sorrow I shall speak; listen to it, lord of men.

Verse 4 (12.16.4)

भवतः संप्रमोहेन सर्वं संशयितं कृतम् । विक्लबत्वं च नः प्राप्तमबलत्वं तथैव च ॥

bhavataḥ saṃpramohena sarvaṃ saṃśayitaṃ kṛtam | viklabatvaṃ ca naḥ prāptamabalatvaṃ tathaiva ca

Because of your bewilderment everything has been thrown into doubt, and we have been reduced to helplessness and weakness.

Verse 5 (12.16.5)

कथं हि राजा लोकस्य सर्वशास्त्रविशारदः । मोहमापद्यसे दैन्याद्यथा कापुरुषस्तथा ॥

kathaṃ hi rājā lokasya sarvaśāstraviśāradaḥ | mohamāpadyase dainyādyathā kāpuruṣastathā

How can you, a king versed in all the sciences, fall into confusion through despondency, like a mean man?

Verse 6 (12.16.6)

आगतिश्च गतिश्चैव लोकस्य विदिता तव । आयत्यां च तदात्वे च न तेऽस्त्यविदितं प्रभो ॥

āgatiśca gatiścaiva lokasya viditā tava | āyatyāṃ ca tadātve ca na te'styaviditaṃ prabho

The coming and the going of the world are known to you; of the future and the present there is nothing that you do not know, my lord.

Verse 7 (12.16.7)

एवं गते महाराज राज्यं प्रति जनाधिप । हेतुमात्रं तु वक्ष्यामि तमिहैकमनाः शृणु ॥

evaṃ gate mahārāja rājyaṃ prati janādhipa | hetumātraṃ tu vakṣyāmi tamihaikamanāḥ śṛṇu

This being so, great king, I shall tell you only the reason bearing on the kingdom; listen to it with a single mind.

Note on the text: Corrected श्रृणु → शृणु (misprint in Wikisource; the root is शृ; critical edition śṛṇu).

Verse 8 (12.16.8)

द्विविधो जायते व्याधिः शारीरो मानसस्तथा । परस्परं तयोर्जन्म निर्द्वन्द्वं नोपलभ्यते ॥

dvividho jāyate vyādhiḥ śārīro mānasastathā | parasparaṃ tayorjanma nirdvandvaṃ nopalabhyate

Disease is of two kinds, of the body and of the mind. Each is born of the other; neither is found without the other.

Verse 9 (12.16.9)

शारीराज्जायते व्याधिर्मानसो नात्र संशयः । मानसाज्जायते व्याधिः शारीर इति निश्चयः ॥

śārīrājjāyate vyādhirmānaso nātra saṃśayaḥ | mānasājjāyate vyādhiḥ śārīra iti niścayaḥ

From bodily disease mental disease arises, there is no doubt; and from mental disease bodily disease arises. This is certain.

Verse 10 (12.16.10)

शारीरमानसे दुःखे योऽतीते त्वनुशोचति । दुःखेन लभते दुःखं द्वावनर्थौ च विन्दति ॥

śārīramānase duḥkhe yo'tīte tvanuśocati | duḥkhena labhate duḥkhaṃ dvāvanarthau ca vindati

One who grieves over past bodily and mental pain gains pain through pain and meets with two evils.

Verse 11 (12.16.11)

शीतोष्णे चैव वायुश्च त्रयः शारीरजा गुणाः । तेषां गुणानां साम्यं यत्तदाहुः स्वस्थलक्षणम् ॥

śītoṣṇe caiva vāyuśca trayaḥ śārīrajā guṇāḥ | teṣāṃ guṇānāṃ sāmyaṃ yattadāhuḥ svasthalakṣaṇam

Cold, heat and wind are the three bodily qualities. Their balance is called the mark of health.

Verse 12 (12.16.12)

तेषामन्यतमोद्रेके विधानमुपदिश्यते । उष्णेन बाध्यते शीतं शीतेनोष्णं प्रबाध्यते । उभाभ्यां बाध्यते वायुर्विधानमिदमुच्यते ॥

teṣāmanyatamodreke vidhānamupadiśyate | uṣṇena bādhyate śītaṃ śītenoṣṇaṃ prabādhyate | ubhābhyāṃ bādhyate vāyurvidhānamidamucyate

When any one of them grows excessive, a remedy is prescribed: heat is countered by cold, and cold by heat. By both together wind is countered. This is called the remedy.

Note on the text: Removed stray wiki quote marks (backtick and apostrophe) and the doubled danda printed inside the line. Lines 1-2 are 12.16.12ab of the critical edition; line 3 is its star passage *0018_01 (ubhābhyāṃ vadhyate vāyur …).

Verse 13 (12.16.13)

सत्वं रजस्तम इति मानसाः स्युस्त्रयो गुणाः । तेषां गुणानां साम्यं यत्तदाहुः स्वस्थलक्षणम् ॥

satvaṃ rajastama iti mānasāḥ syustrayo guṇāḥ | teṣāṃ guṇānāṃ sāmyaṃ yattadāhuḥ svasthalakṣaṇam

Sattva, rajas and tamas are the three qualities of the mind. Their balance is called the mark of health.

Note on the text: Corrected रजस्तय इति → रजस्तम इति (misprint in Wikisource; sattva, rajas, tamas are the three mental qualities; the critical edition reads rajas tamaś caiva). Line 1 corresponds to 12.16.13a of the critical edition; line 2 (तेषां गुणानां साम्यं …) repeats 12.16.11cd and is vulgate-only (the critical edition has instead the star line *0019_01).

Verse 14 (12.16.14)

तेषामन्यतमोद्रेके विधानमुपदिश्यते । हर्षेण बाध्यते शोको हर्षः शोकेन बाध्यते । उभाभ्यां बाध्यते मोहो विधानमिदमुच्यते ॥

teṣāmanyatamodreke vidhānamupadiśyate | harṣeṇa bādhyate śoko harṣaḥ śokena bādhyate | ubhābhyāṃ bādhyate moho vidhānamidamucyate

When any one of them grows excessive, a remedy is prescribed: grief is countered by joy, and joy by grief. By both together delusion is countered. This is called the remedy.

Note on the text: Removed stray wiki quote marks (backtick and apostrophe) and the doubled danda printed inside the line. Line 1 repeats 12.16.12a; line 2 is 12.16.13cd of the critical edition; line 3 (उभाभ्यां बाध्यते मोहो …) is vulgate-only and appears nowhere in the critical edition.

Verse 15 (12.16.15)

कश्चित्सुखे वर्तमानो दुःखस्य स्मर्तुमिच्छति । कश्चिद्दुःखे वर्तमानः सुखस्य स्मर्तुमिच्छति ॥

kaścitsukhe vartamāno duḥkhasya smartumicchati | kaścidduḥkhe vartamānaḥ sukhasya smartumicchati

One who lives in happiness wishes to recall sorrow; another, who lives in sorrow, wishes to recall happiness.

Verse 16 (12.16.16)

स त्वं न दुःखी दुःखस्य न सुखी च सुखस्य च । नादुःखी दुःखभागस्य नासुखी च सुखस्य च । स्मर्तुमर्हसि कौरव्य दिष्टं हि बलवत्तरम् ॥

sa tvaṃ na duḥkhī duḥkhasya na sukhī ca sukhasya ca | nāduḥkhī duḥkhabhāgasya nāsukhī ca sukhasya ca | smartumarhasi kauravya diṣṭaṃ hi balavattaram

You are not made sorrowful by sorrow, nor happy by happiness; one who has no sorrow has no share in sorrow, nor one who lacks happiness in happiness. You ought to remember, O Kaurava, that destiny is the stronger.

Note on the text: Not auto-matched. Lines 1-2 correspond to 12.16.15ab of the critical edition (line 2 is a vulgate variant of 15cd); line 3 is 12.16.16a (smartum arhasi kauravya diṣṭaṃ tu balavattaram).

Verse 17 (12.16.17)

अथवा ते स्वभावोऽयं येन पार्थिव तुष्यसे । दृष्ट्वा सभागतां कृष्णामेकवस्त्रां रजस्वलाम् । मिषतां पाण्डुपुत्राणां न तस्य स्मर्तुमर्हसि ॥

athavā te svabhāvo'yaṃ yena pārthiva tuṣyase | dṛṣṭvā sabhāgatāṃ kṛṣṇāmekavastrāṃ rajasvalām | miṣatāṃ pāṇḍuputrāṇāṃ na tasya smartumarhasi

Or else this is your nature, by which you are content: having seen Krishna brought into the assembly in a single garment, in her season, while the sons of Pandu looked on, how is it that you do not remember it?

Note on the text: Not auto-matched. Line 1 is 12.16.16cd of the critical edition, lines 2-3 are 12.16.17 (the Wikisource commentary also records the variant येन पार्थिव क्लिश्यसे).

Verse 18 (12.16.18)

प्रव्राजनं च नगरादजिनैश्च विवासनम् । महारण्यनिवासश्च न तस्य स्मर्तुमर्हसि ॥

pravrājanaṃ ca nagarādajinaiśca vivāsanam | mahāraṇyanivāsaśca na tasya smartumarhasi

Your banishment from the city, your life in deerskins, your dwelling in the great forest: how is it that you do not remember these?

Verse 19 (12.16.19)

जटासुरात्परिक्लेशं चित्रसेनेन चाहवम् । सैन्धवाच्च परिक्लेशं कथं विस्मृतवानसि ॥

jaṭāsurātparikleśaṃ citrasenena cāhavam | saindhavācca parikleśaṃ kathaṃ vismṛtavānasi

The torment from Jatasura, the fight with Chitrasena, the torment from the Saindhava: how have you forgotten them?

Note on the text: Not auto-matched: the critical edition prints three lines at 12.16.19ab, e; here lines 1-2 are 19ab (jaṭāsurāt … saindhavāc ca …).

Verse 20 (12.16.20)

पुनरज्ञातचर्यायां कीचकेन पदा वधम् । द्रौपद्या राजपुत्र्याश्च कथं विस्मृतवानसि ॥

punarajñātacaryāyāṃ kīcakena padā vadham | draupadyā rājaputryāśca kathaṃ vismṛtavānasi

And again, in the year of hidden living, the blow of Kichaka's foot, struck at Draupadi the princess: how have you forgotten it?

Note on the text: Corrected राजपुत्र्यांश्च → राजपुत्र्याश्च (misprint in Wikisource; stray anusvāra; critical edition rājaputryāś ca). Not auto-matched: line 1 is 12.16.19e of the critical edition (punar ajñātacaryāyāṃ kīcakena padā vadham) and line 2 is its star passage *0020_01 (draupadyā rājaputryāś ca …).

Verse 21 (12.16.21)

यच्च ते द्रोणभीष्माभ्यां युद्धमासीदरिंदम । मनसैकेन योद्धव्यं तत्ते युद्धमुपस्थितम् ॥

yacca te droṇabhīṣmābhyāṃ yuddhamāsīdariṃdama | manasaikena yoddhavyaṃ tatte yuddhamupasthitam

The battle you once fought against Drona and Bhishma, O subduer of foes, that same battle, to be fought with the mind alone, has now come upon you.

Note on the text: Corrected सीदरिंदम् → सीदरिंदम (misprint in Wikisource; vocative of अरिंदम; critical edition ariṃdama).

Verse 22 (12.16.22)

यत्र नास्ति शरैः कार्यं न मित्रैर्न च बन्धुभिः । आत्मनैकेन योद्धव्यं तत्ते युद्धमुपस्थितम् ॥

yatra nāsti śaraiḥ kāryaṃ na mitrairna ca bandhubhiḥ | ātmanaikena yoddhavyaṃ tatte yuddhamupasthitam

A battle in which arrows are of no use, nor friends, nor kinsmen, a battle to be fought by oneself alone: that battle has come upon you.

Verse 23 (12.16.23)

तस्मिन्ननिर्जिते युद्धे प्राणान्यदि विमोक्ष्यसे । अन्यं देहं समास्थाय ततस्तैरिह योत्स्यसे ॥

tasminnanirjite yuddhe prāṇānyadi vimokṣyase | anyaṃ dehaṃ samāsthāya tatastairiha yotsyase

If you give up your life while that battle is still unwon, you will take another body and fight those very foes here again.

Verse 24 (12.16.24)

यो ह्यनाढ्यः स पतितस्तदुच्छिष्टं तदल्पकम् । बह्वपथ्यं बलवतो न किंचित्त्रायते बलम् ॥

yo hyanāḍhyaḥ sa patitastaducchiṣṭaṃ tadalpakam | bahvapathyaṃ balavato na kiṃcittrāyate balam

The man without wealth is fallen, and what he has is leavings, and little; for the powerful much is unwholesome, and strength saves nothing at all.

Note on the text: Corrected किंचित्रायते → किंचित्त्रायते (misprint in Wikisource; dropped त in the sandhi of किंचित् + त्रायते). Removed stray wiki quote marks (backtick and apostrophe) and the doubled danda printed inside the line. Not auto-matched: this verse is the star passage *0022_01-02 of the critical edition (after 12.16.22d: yo hy anāḍhyaḥ sa patitas tad ucchiṣṭaṃ yad alpakam / bahv apathyaṃ balavato na kiṃ cit trāyate dhanam; Wikisource reads बलम् for धनम्).

Verse 25 (12.16.25)

तस्मादद्यैव गन्तव्यं युध्यस्व भरतर्षभ । परमव्यक्तरूपस्य व्यक्तं त्यक्त्वा स्वकर्मभिः ॥

tasmādadyaiva gantavyaṃ yudhyasva bharatarṣabha | paramavyaktarūpasya vyaktaṃ tyaktvā svakarmabhiḥ

Therefore you must go today itself and fight, best of the Bharatas, having by your own deeds given up the manifest for the supreme, unmanifest form.

Note on the text: Not auto-matched. Line 1 is 12.16.23a of the critical edition; line 2 is its star passage *0023_01 (pāram avyaktarūpasya vyaktaṃ tyaktvā svakarmabhiḥ).

Verse 26 (12.16.26)

तस्मिन्ननिर्जिते युद्धे कामवस्थां गमिष्यसि । एतज्जित्वा महाराज कृतकृत्यो भविष्यसि ॥

tasminnanirjite yuddhe kāmavasthāṃ gamiṣyasi | etajjitvā mahārāja kṛtakṛtyo bhaviṣyasi

If that battle is left unwon, what state will you come to? By winning it, great king, you will have done all that is to be done.

Note on the text: Not auto-matched. Line 1 is the star passage *0023_02 of the critical edition (tasminn anirjite yuddhe kām avasthāṃ gamiṣyasi, attached to 12.16.23b); line 2 is 12.16.23c.

Verse 27 (12.16.27)

एतां बुद्धिं विनिश्चित्य भूतानामागतिं गतिम् । पितृपैतामहे वृत्ते शाधि राज्यं यथोचितम् ॥

etāṃ buddhiṃ viniścitya bhūtānāmāgatiṃ gatim | pitṛpaitāmahe vṛtte śādhi rājyaṃ yathocitam

Settling on this resolve, mindful of the coming and going of beings, rule the kingdom as is fitting, following the conduct of your father and grandfather.

Verse 28 (12.16.28)

दिष्ट्या दुर्योधनः पापो निहतः सानुगो युधि । द्रौपद्याः केशपक्षस्य दिष्ट्या ते पदवीं गताः ॥

diṣṭyā duryodhanaḥ pāpo nihataḥ sānugo yudhi | draupadyāḥ keśapakṣasya diṣṭyā te padavīṃ gatāḥ

By good fortune the wicked Duryodhana has been slain in battle with his followers, and by good fortune you have reached the path on which Draupadi's loosened hair is avenged.

Verse 29 (12.16.29)

यजस्व वाजिमेधेन विधिवद्दक्षिणावता । वयं ते किंकराः पार्थ वासुदेवश्च वीर्यवान् ॥

yajasva vājimedhena vidhivaddakṣiṇāvatā | vayaṃ te kiṃkarāḥ pārtha vāsudevaśca vīryavān

Perform the horse sacrifice with proper rites and with gifts to the priests. We are your servants, son of Pritha, and so is mighty Vasudeva.