The Five Elements and Their Qualities

Verse 1 (12.258.1)

द्वन्द्वानि मोक्षजिज्ञासुरर्थधर्मानुतिष्ठतः । वक्त्रा गुणवता शिष्यः श्राव्यः पूर्वमिदं महत् ॥

dvandvāni mokṣajijñāsurarthadharmānutiṣṭhataḥ | vaktrā guṇavatā śiṣyaḥ śrāvyaḥ pūrvamidaṃ mahat

Amid the pairs of opposites, a disciple who longs to know liberation while still pursuing wealth and dharma should first be taught this great doctrine by a teacher of merit.

Note on the text: Corrected द्वन्द्वासि → द्वन्द्वानि (misprint in Wikisource; द्वन्द्वासि is not a word here, the critical edition reads dvaṃdvāni) and वक्रा → वक्त्रा (misprint in Wikisource; the conjunct त्र dropped, the critical edition reads vaktrā). The page's note records द्वन्द्वान्निर्मोक्षजिज्ञासुः as a manuscript variant of the first word group.

Verse 2 (12.258.2)

आकाशं मारुतो ज्योतिरापः पृथ्वी च पञ्चमी । भावाभावौ च कालश्च सर्वभूतेषु पञ्चसु ॥

ākāśaṃ māruto jyotirāpaḥ pṛthvī ca pañcamī | bhāvābhāvau ca kālaśca sarvabhūteṣu pañcasu

Space, wind, fire, water, and earth as the fifth; and also being and non-being, and time: these are found in all beings, which are made of the five.

Note on the text: Corrected ज्योतिरा--पृथ्वी → ज्योतिरापः पृथ्वी (the page prints two dashes where आपः is lost; restored from the critical edition, which reads jyotir āpaḥ pṛthvī).

Verse 3 (12.258.3)

अन्तरात्मकमाकाशं तन्मयं श्रोत्रमिन्द्रियम् । तस्य शब्दं गुणं विद्यान्मुनिः शास्त्रविधानवित् ॥

antarātmakamākāśaṃ tanmayaṃ śrotramindriyam | tasya śabdaṃ guṇaṃ vidyānmuniḥ śāstravidhānavit

Space is of the nature of what lies within, and the organ of hearing, the ear, is made of it. A sage who knows the rules laid down in the scriptures should know sound as its quality.

Verse 4 (12.258.4)

चरणं मारुतात्मेति प्राणापानौ च तन्मयौ । स्पर्शनं चेन्द्रियं विद्यात्तथा स्पर्शं च तन्मयम् ॥

caraṇaṃ mārutātmeti prāṇāpānau ca tanmayau | sparśanaṃ cendriyaṃ vidyāttathā sparśaṃ ca tanmayam

Movement is of the nature of wind, and the vital breaths, prana and apana, are made of it. One should know the skin as its organ, and likewise touch as made of it.

Verse 5 (12.258.5)

तापः पाकः प्रकाशश्च ज्योतिश्चक्षुश्च तन्मयम् । तस्य रूपं गुणं विद्यात्तमोनाशकमात्मवान् ॥

tāpaḥ pākaḥ prakāśaśca jyotiścakṣuśca tanmayam | tasya rūpaṃ guṇaṃ vidyāttamonāśakamātmavān

Heat, ripening, and illumination: fire, and the eye as well, are made of it. A self-possessed man should know form as its quality, the destroyer of darkness.

Verse 6 (12.258.6)

प्रक्लेदो द्रवता स्नेह इत्यपामुपदिश्यते । असृङ्भज्जा च यच्चान्यत्स्निग्धं विद्यात्तदात्मकम् । रसनं चेन्द्रियं जिह्वा रसश्चापां गुणो मतः ॥

prakledo dravatā sneha ityapāmupadiśyate | asṛṅbhajjā ca yaccānyatsnigdhaṃ vidyāttadātmakam | rasanaṃ cendriyaṃ jihvā rasaścāpāṃ guṇo mataḥ

Wetness, fluidity, and oiliness are taught as belonging to water. Blood, marrow, and whatever else is oily should be known as made of it. The organ of taste is the tongue, and flavour is held to be the quality of water.

Note on the text: Removed the square brackets Wikisource prints around line 2 and the doubled daṇḍa inside them. Lines 1 and 3 = CE 12.244.6a and 6c (line 1 द्रवता against CE kṣudratā); line 2 is the CE star line 12.244.6b*0694_01 (asṛṅ majjā ca yac cānyat snigdhaṃ vidyāt tadātmakam).

Verse 7 (12.258.7)

संघातः पार्थिवो धातुरस्थिदन्तनखानि च । श्मश्रु रोम च केशाश्च सिरा स्नायु च चर्म च ॥

saṃghātaḥ pārthivo dhāturasthidantanakhāni ca | śmaśru roma ca keśāśca sirā snāyu ca carma ca

The compact mass is the earthy substance: the bones, teeth, and nails, the beard, body hair, and hair of the head, the veins, sinews, and skin.

Note on the text: Corrected श्मश्चु → श्मश्रु (misprint in Wikisource; च for र in the conjunct, the critical edition reads śmaśru).

Verse 8 (12.258.8)

इन्द्रियं घ्राणसंज्ञातं नासिकेत्यभिसंज्ञिता । गन्धश्चैवेन्द्रियार्थोऽयं विज्ञेयः पृथिवीमयः ॥

indriyaṃ ghrāṇasaṃjñātaṃ nāsiketyabhisaṃjñitā | gandhaścaivendriyārtho'yaṃ vijñeyaḥ pṛthivīmayaḥ

The organ called the sense of smell is named the nose, and smell is to be understood as its object, made of earth.

Verse 9 (12.258.9)

उत्तरेषु गुणाः सर्वे सन्ति पूर्वेषु नोत्तराः । पञ्चानां भूतसङ्घानां संततिं मुनयो विदुः ॥

uttareṣu guṇāḥ sarve santi pūrveṣu nottarāḥ | pañcānāṃ bhūtasaṅghānāṃ saṃtatiṃ munayo viduḥ

In the later elements all the qualities are present; in the earlier ones the later qualities are not. This succession of the five groups of elements is what the sages know.

Verse 10 (12.258.10)

मनो नवममेषां तु बुद्धिस्तु दशमी स्मृता । एकादशस्त्वन्तरात्मा स सर्वः पर उच्यते ॥

mano navamameṣāṃ tu buddhistu daśamī smṛtā | ekādaśastvantarātmā sa sarvaḥ para ucyate

Mind is the ninth of these, and intellect is held to be the tenth; the inner self is the eleventh, and it is said to be the highest of them all.

Verse 11 (12.258.11)

व्यवसायात्मिका बुद्धिर्मनो व्याकरणात्मकम् । कर्मानुमानाद्विज्ञेयः स जीवः क्षेत्रसंज्ञकः ॥

vyavasāyātmikā buddhirmano vyākaraṇātmakam | karmānumānādvijñeyaḥ sa jīvaḥ kṣetrasaṃjñakaḥ

Intellect is of the nature of determination, and mind is of the nature of analysis. The living self, which goes by the name of the Field, is to be known by inference from its action.

Verse 12 (12.258.12)

एभिः कालात्मकैर्भावैर्यः सर्वैः सर्वमन्वितम् । पश्यत्यकलुषं बुद्ध्या स मोहं नानुवर्तते ॥

ebhiḥ kālātmakairbhāvairyaḥ sarvaiḥ sarvamanvitam | paśyatyakaluṣaṃ buddhyā sa mohaṃ nānuvartate

One who sees everything clearly with his intellect, as accompanied by all these states of being, which belong to time, does not fall into delusion.

Note on the text: Corrected अकलुयं → अकलुषं (misprint in Wikisource; य for ष, the critical edition reads akaluṣaṃ).