Vena's Redemption, the Hymn to Vasudeva, and the Discourse on Time, Tirtha, and Worthy Recipients for Charity

Verse 1 (padma.2.39.1)

ऋषय ऊचुः- कथं वेनो गतः स्वर्गं पापं त्यक्त्वा प्रदूरतः । तन्नो विस्तरतोऽत्रापि वद सत्यवतां वर

ṛṣaya ūcuḥ- kathaṁ veno gataḥ svargaṁ pāpaṁ tyaktvā pradūrataḥ tanno vistarato'trāpi vada satyavatāṁ vara

The sages said: Having utterly cast away his sin, how did Vena go to heaven? Tell us this too in detail, O best of the truthful.

Verse 2 (padma.2.39.2)

सूतउवाच- ऋषीणां पुण्यसंसर्गात्संवादाच्च द्विजोत्तम । कायस्य मथनात्पापो बहिस्तस्य विनिर्गतः

sūtauvāca- ṛṣīṇāṁ puṇyasaṁsargātsaṁvādācca dvijottama kāyasya mathanātpāpo bahistasya vinirgataḥ

Suta said: Through the holy company of the sages and their dialogue, O best of the twice-born, by the churning of the body, that sin went forth from him, out of his own self.

Verse 3 (padma.2.39.3)

पश्चाद्वेनः स पुण्यात्मा ज्ञानं लेभे च शाश्वतम् । रेवाया दक्षिणे कूले तपश्चचार स द्विजाः

paścādvenaḥ sa puṇyātmā jñānaṁ lebhe ca śāśvatam revāyā dakṣiṇe kūle tapaścacāra sa dvijāḥ

After that, the now-righteous Vena obtained eternal knowledge; on the southern bank of the Reva, O brahmins, he performed austerity,

Verse 4 (padma.2.39.4)

तृणबिन्दोर्ऋषेश्चैव आश्रमे पापनाशने । वर्षाणां तु शतं साग्रं कामक्रोधविवर्जितः

tṛṇabindorṛṣeścaiva āśrame pāpanāśane varṣāṇāṁ tu śataṁ sāgraṁ kāmakrodhavivarjitaḥ

in the hermitage of the sage Trinabindu, that destroyer of sin, for more than a hundred years, free from desire and anger.

Verse 5 (padma.2.39.5)

तस्योग्रतपसादेवः शंखचक्रगदाधरः । प्रसन्नोभून्महाभागा निष्पापस्य नृपस्य वै

tasyogratapasādevaḥ śaṁkhacakragadādharaḥ prasannobhūnmahābhāgā niṣpāpasya nṛpasya vai

Pleased by his fierce austerity, the god who bears the conch, discus, and mace became well pleased with that illustrious, sinless king.

Verse 6 (padma.2.39.6)

उवाच च प्रसन्नोऽस्मि व्रियतां वरउत्तमः । वेन उवाच- यदि देव प्रसन्नोऽसि देहि मे वरमुत्तमम्

uvāca ca prasanno'smi vriyatāṁ varauttamaḥ vena uvāca- yadi deva prasanno'si dehi me varamuttamam

And he said: 'I am pleased; choose the highest boon.' Vena said: 'If you are pleased, O god, give me this supreme boon:'

Verse 7 (padma.2.39.7)

अनेनापि शरीरेण गंतुमिच्छामि त्वत्पदम् । पित्रा सार्धं महाभाग मात्रा चैव सुरेश्वर । तवैव तेजसा देव तद्विष्णोः परमं पदम्

anenāpi śarīreṇa gaṁtumicchāmi tvatpadam pitrā sārdhaṁ mahābhāga mātrā caiva sureśvara tavaiva tejasā deva tadviṣṇoḥ paramaṁ padam

'—even with this very body I wish to go to your abode, O greatly fortunate one, together with my father and mother, O lord of the gods; by your very splendor, O god, that supreme abode of Vishnu.'

Verse 8 (padma.2.39.8)

श्रीवासुदेव उवाच- क्वगतोऽसौ महामोहो येन त्वं मोहितो नृप । लोभेन मोहयुक्तेन तमोमार्गे निपातितः

śrīvāsudeva uvāca- kvagato'sau mahāmoho yena tvaṁ mohito nṛpa lobhena mohayuktena tamomārge nipātitaḥ

Shri Vasudeva said: 'Where has that great delusion gone, by which you were once bewildered, O king? Cast down into the path of darkness by delusion mingled with greed—'

Verse 9 (padma.2.39.9)

वेन उवाच- यन्मे पूर्वकृतं पापं तेनाहं मोहितो विभो । अतो मामुद्धरास्मात्त्वं पापाच्चैव सुदारुणात्

vena uvāca- yanme pūrvakṛtaṁ pāpaṁ tenāhaṁ mohito vibho ato māmuddharāsmāttvaṁ pāpāccaiva sudāruṇāt

Vena said: 'By the sin I had committed of old, I was bewildered, O Lord; therefore deliver me from this so exceedingly terrible sin.'

Verse 10 (padma.2.39.10)

प्रजप्तव्यमथो पठ्यं तद्वदानुग्रहाद्विभो । भगवानुवाच- साधु भूप महाभाग पापं ते नाशमागतम्

prajaptavyamatho paṭhyaṁ tadvadānugrahādvibho bhagavānuvāca- sādhu bhūpa mahābhāga pāpaṁ te nāśamāgatam

'Whatever is to be recited or to be read, tell me that, by your grace, O Lord.' The Blessed One said: 'Well done, well done, O greatly fortunate king; your sin has already come to destruction.'

Verse 11 (padma.2.39.11)

शुद्धोसि तपसा च त्वं ततः पुण्यं वदाम्यहम् । पुरा वै ब्रह्मणा तात पृष्टोहं भवता यथा

śuddhosi tapasā ca tvaṁ tataḥ puṇyaṁ vadāmyaham purā vai brahmaṇā tāta pṛṣṭohaṁ bhavatā yathā

'You have been purified by austerity; therefore I shall now tell you a meritorious teaching. My son, just as Brahma once asked me,'

Verse 12 (padma.2.39.12)

तस्मै यदुदितं वत्स तत्ते सर्वं वदाम्यहम् । एकदा ब्रह्मणा ध्यानस्थितेन नाभिपंकजे

tasmai yaduditaṁ vatsa tatte sarvaṁ vadāmyaham ekadā brahmaṇā dhyānasthitena nābhipaṁkaje

'—my child, whatever was told to him, all that I shall now tell to you. Once, before Brahma, seated in meditation upon the lotus of the navel—'

Verse 13 (padma.2.39.13)

प्रादुरास तदा तस्य वरदानाय सुव्रत । तेन पृष्टं महत्पुण्यं स्तोत्रं पापप्रणाशनम्

prādurāsa tadā tasya varadānāya suvrata tena pṛṣṭaṁ mahatpuṇyaṁ stotraṁ pāpapraṇāśanam

'—I appeared to grant him a boon, O virtuous one. By him was then asked that great and holy hymn, the destroyer of sin,'

Verse 14 (padma.2.39.14)

वासुदेवाभिधानं च सुगतिप्रदमिच्छता । स्तोत्राणां परमं तस्मै वासुदेवाभिधं महत्

vāsudevābhidhānaṁ ca sugatipradamicchatā stotrāṇāṁ paramaṁ tasmai vāsudevābhidhaṁ mahat

'—called by the name Vasudeva, [asked] by him who desired a good destiny [for creatures]; I taught him that supreme and great hymn among hymns, called Vasudeva—'

Verse 15 (padma.2.39.15)

सर्वसौख्यप्रदं नॄणां पठतां जपतां सदा । उपादिशं महाभाग विष्णुप्रीतिकरं परम्

sarvasaukhyapradaṁ nṝṇāṁ paṭhatāṁ japatāṁ sadā upādiśaṁ mahābhāga viṣṇuprītikaraṁ param

'—which bestows every happiness upon men who ever recite and chant it, that I imparted to him, O greatly fortunate one, that which is supremely pleasing to Vishnu.'

Verse 16 (padma.2.39.16)

विष्णुरुवाच- एतत्सर्वं जगद्व्याप्तं मया त्वव्यक्तमूर्तिना । अतो मां मुनयः प्राहुर्विष्णुं विष्णुपरायणाः

viṣṇuruvāca- etatsarvaṁ jagadvyāptaṁ mayā tvavyaktamūrtinā ato māṁ munayaḥ prāhurviṣṇuṁ viṣṇuparāyaṇāḥ

Vishnu said: 'This entire world is pervaded by me, in my unmanifest form; therefore the sages devoted to Vishnu call me by the name Vishnu.'

Verse 17 (padma.2.39.17)

वसंति यत्र भूतानि वसत्येषु च यो विभुः । स वासुदेवो विज्ञेयो विद्वद्भिरहमादरात्

vasaṁti yatra bhūtāni vasatyeṣu ca yo vibhuḥ sa vāsudevo vijñeyo vidvadbhirahamādarāt

'Where beings dwell, and where that all-pervading Lord dwells within them, he is to be known by the wise, out of reverence, as Vasudeva.'

Verse 18 (padma.2.39.18)

संकर्षति प्रजाश्चांते ह्यव्यक्ताय यतो विभुः । ततः संकर्षणो नाम्ना विज्ञेयः शरणागतैः

saṁkarṣati prajāścāṁte hyavyaktāya yato vibhuḥ tataḥ saṁkarṣaṇo nāmnā vijñeyaḥ śaraṇāgataiḥ

'Because that all-pervading Lord draws all creatures in at the end toward the unmanifest, therefore he is known by those who take refuge in him by the name Sankarshana.'

Verse 19 (padma.2.39.19)

इंगिते कामरूपोहं बहु स्यामिति काम्यया । प्रद्युम्नोहं बुधैस्तस्माद्विज्ञेयोस्मि सुतार्थिभिः

iṁgite kāmarūpohaṁ bahu syāmiti kāmyayā pradyumnohaṁ budhaistasmādvijñeyosmi sutārthibhiḥ

'Taking form at mere will, with the wish "may I become many," I am known by the wise, and by those who desire offspring, as Pradyumna.'

Verse 20 (padma.2.39.20)

अत्र लोके विना चेशौ सर्वेशौ हरकेशवौ । निरुद्धोहं योगबलान्न केनातोनिरुद्धवत्

atra loke vinā ceśau sarveśau harakeśavau niruddhohaṁ yogabalānna kenātoniruddhavat

'In this world, apart from those two lords of all, Hara and Keshava, I remain restrained by the power of yoga, [yet] I am restrained by none.'

Verse 21 (padma.2.39.21)

विश्वाख्योहं प्रतिजगज्ज्ञानविज्ञानसंयुतः । अहमित्यभिमानी च जाग्रच्चिंतासमाकुलः

viśvākhyohaṁ pratijagajjñānavijñānasaṁyutaḥ ahamityabhimānī ca jāgracciṁtāsamākulaḥ

'With respect to every world I am known by the name Vishva, endowed with knowledge and discernment; I am the one possessed of the sense "I," filled with the restless thought of the waking state.'

Verse 22 (padma.2.39.22)

तैजसोहं जगच्चेष्टामयश्चेंद्रियरूपवान् । ज्ञानकर्मसमुद्रिक्तः स्वप्नावस्थां गतो ह्यहम्

taijasohaṁ jagacceṣṭāmayaśceṁdriyarūpavān jñānakarmasamudriktaḥ svapnāvasthāṁ gato hyaham

'I am Taijasa, consisting of the activity of the world, possessed of the very form of the senses; risen above knowledge and action, I have entered the state of dream.'

Verse 23 (padma.2.39.23)

प्राज्ञोहमधिदैवात्मा विश्वाधिष्ठानगोचरः । सुषुप्तावास्थितो लोकादुदासीनो विकल्पितः

prājñohamadhidaivātmā viśvādhiṣṭhānagocaraḥ suṣuptāvāsthito lokādudāsīno vikalpitaḥ

'I am Prajna, the self presiding over the deities, the very ground supporting the whole universe; indifferent to the world, established in deep sleep, imagined as such.'

Verse 24 (padma.2.39.24)

तुरीयोऽहं निर्विकारी गुणावस्थाविवर्जितः । निर्लिप्तः साक्षिवद्विश्व प्रतिबिंबित विग्रहः

turīyo'haṁ nirvikārī guṇāvasthāvivarjitaḥ nirliptaḥ sākṣivadviśva pratibiṁbita vigrahaḥ

'I am Turiya, unchanging, free from every state of the gunas; unattached, like a witness, my very form the reflection of the universe.'

Verse 25 (padma.2.39.25)

चिदाभासश्चिदानंदश्चिन्मयश्चित्स्वरूपवान् । नित्योक्षरो ब्रह्मरूपो ब्रह्मन्नेवमवेहि माम्

cidābhāsaścidānaṁdaścinmayaścitsvarūpavān nityokṣaro brahmarūpo brahmannevamavehi mām

'I am the semblance of pure consciousness, the bliss of consciousness, made wholly of consciousness, of the very form of consciousness; eternal, imperishable, the form of Brahman itself — thus, O Brahma, know me.'

Verse 26 (padma.2.39.26)

भगवानुवाच- इत्युक्त्वांतर्दधे विष्णुः स्वरूपं ब्रह्मणे पुरा । सोपि ज्ञात्वा जगद्व्याप्तिं कृतात्मा समभूत्क्षणात्

bhagavānuvāca- ityuktvāṁtardadhe viṣṇuḥ svarūpaṁ brahmaṇe purā sopi jñātvā jagadvyāptiṁ kṛtātmā samabhūtkṣaṇāt

The Blessed One said: Having spoken thus, Vishnu, in ancient times, withdrew his form from before Brahma; and Brahma too, having understood that pervasion of the universe, became at once a fulfilled soul.

Verse 27 (padma.2.39.27)

राजंस्त्वमपि शुद्धात्मा पृथोर्जन्मन एव च । तथाप्याराधय विभुं स्तोत्रेणानेन सुव्रत

rājaṁstvamapi śuddhātmā pṛthorjanmana eva ca tathāpyārādhaya vibhuṁ stotreṇānena suvrata

'O king, you too have become pure of soul from the very birth of Prithu; nevertheless, worship that all-pervading Lord with this very hymn, O virtuous one.'

Verse 28 (padma.2.39.28)

तुष्टो विष्णुस्तमभ्याह वरं वरय मानद । वेन उवाच- सुगतिं देहि मे विष्णो दुष्कृतात्तारयस्व माम्

tuṣṭo viṣṇustamabhyāha varaṁ varaya mānada vena uvāca- sugatiṁ dehi me viṣṇo duṣkṛtāttārayasva mām

Being pleased, Vishnu said to him: 'O giver of honor, choose a boon.' Vena said: 'O Vishnu, grant me a good destiny; deliver me from this evil deed.'

Verse 29 (padma.2.39.29)

शरणं त्वां प्रपन्नोस्मि कारणं वद सद्गतेः । विष्णुरुवाच- पूर्वमेव महाभाग त्वंगेनापि महात्मना

śaraṇaṁ tvāṁ prapannosmi kāraṇaṁ vada sadgateḥ viṣṇuruvāca- pūrvameva mahābhāga tvaṁgenāpi mahātmanā

'I have taken refuge in you; tell me the means to a good destiny.' Vishnu said: 'O greatly fortunate one, even before, by the great-souled Anga too—'

Verse 30 (padma.2.39.30)

अहमाराधितस्तेन तस्मै दत्तो वरो मया । प्रयास्यसि महाभाग वैष्णवं लोकमुत्तमम्

ahamārādhitastena tasmai datto varo mayā prayāsyasi mahābhāga vaiṣṇavaṁ lokamuttamam

'—I was worshipped, and a boon was given by me to him: "O greatly fortunate one, you shall attain the excellent world of Vishnu,"'

Verse 31 (padma.2.39.31)

कर्मणा स्वेन विप्रेंद्र पुण्येन नृपनंदन । आत्मार्थे त्वं महाभाग वरमेव प्रयाचय

karmaṇā svena vipreṁdra puṇyena nṛpanaṁdana ātmārthe tvaṁ mahābhāga varameva prayācaya

'—through your own meritorious deeds, O lord of brahmins, O prince." You too, O greatly fortunate one, ask for a boon for your own sake.'

Verse 32 (padma.2.39.32)

शृणु वेन महाभाग वृत्तांतं पूर्वसंभवम् । तव मात्रे पुरा दत्तः शापः क्रुद्धेन भूपते

śṛṇu vena mahābhāga vṛttāṁtaṁ pūrvasaṁbhavam tava mātre purā dattaḥ śāpaḥ kruddhena bhūpate

'Hear, O Vena, O greatly fortunate one, this event of old: to your mother, O lord of the earth, a curse was once given, in anger,'

Verse 33 (padma.2.39.33)

सुशंखेन सुनीथायै बाल्ये पूर्वं महात्मना । ततस्त्वंगे वरो दत्तो मयैव विदितात्मना

suśaṁkhena sunīthāyai bālye pūrvaṁ mahātmanā tatastvaṁge varo datto mayaiva viditātmanā

'—by the great-souled Sushankha, to Sunitha, in her very childhood; then, by me alone, in my all-knowing form, a boon was given to Anga—'

Verse 34 (padma.2.39.34)

त्वां समुद्धर्त्तुकामेन सुपुत्रस्ते भविष्यति । एवमुक्त्वा तु पितरं तवाहं गुणवत्सल

tvāṁ samuddharttukāmena suputraste bhaviṣyati evamuktvā tu pitaraṁ tavāhaṁ guṇavatsala

'—wishing to deliver you: "You shall obtain an excellent son." Having said this to your father, O one devoted to virtue—'

Verse 35 (padma.2.39.35)

भवदंगात्समुद्भूतः करिष्ये लोकपालनम् । दिवींद्रो हि यथा भाति तथाहं भूतले स्थितः

bhavadaṁgātsamudbhūtaḥ kariṣye lokapālanam divīṁdro hi yathā bhāti tathāhaṁ bhūtale sthitaḥ

'—[I said]: born from your very body, I shall accomplish the protection of the world; as Indra shines in heaven, so shall I abide upon this earth.'

Verse 36 (padma.2.39.36)

आत्मा वै जायते पुत्र इति सत्यवती श्रुतिः । अतस्त्वं सुगतिं वत्स लभिष्यसि वरान्मम

ātmā vai jāyate putra iti satyavatī śrutiḥ atastvaṁ sugatiṁ vatsa labhiṣyasi varānmama

'"The self indeed is born as one's own son" - this is the true word of scripture. Therefore, my child, by my boon you shall obtain a good destiny.'

Verse 37 (padma.2.39.37)

गत्यर्थमात्मनो राजन्दानमेकं समाचर । यस्त्वां पातकरूपोऽहं सुनीथायाः परंतप

gatyarthamātmano rājandānamekaṁ samācara yastvāṁ pātakarūpo'haṁ sunīthāyāḥ paraṁtapa

'For the sake of your own destiny, O king, perform one act of charity. It was I myself, O scorcher of foes, who, for Sunitha's sake, in the form of that sinner—'

Verse 38 (padma.2.39.38)

अब्रुवन्नग्नरूपेण कर्तुं त्वां तु विधर्मगम् । अन्यथा तु सुशंखस्य वाक्यमेवान्यथा भवेत्

abruvannagnarūpeṇa kartuṁ tvāṁ tu vidharmagam anyathā tu suśaṁkhasya vākyamevānyathā bhavet

'—in a naked form, spoke so as to lead you into unrighteousness; otherwise, indeed, that word of Sushankha would have proven false.'

Verse 39 (padma.2.39.39)

अतो विधिर्निषेधश्च ह्यहमेव नृपोत्तम । कर्मानुरूपफलदो बुद्ध्यतीतो गुणाग्रहः

ato vidhirniṣedhaśca hyahameva nṛpottama karmānurūpaphalado buddhyatīto guṇāgrahaḥ

'Therefore both ordinance and prohibition are myself alone, O best of kings; I am the bestower of fruit according to one's deeds, beyond the intellect, the grasper of the qualities.'

Verse 40 (padma.2.39.40)

दानमेव परं श्रेष्ठं दानं सर्वप्रभावकम् । तस्माद्दानं ददस्व त्वं दानात्पुण्यं प्रवर्तते

dānameva paraṁ śreṣṭhaṁ dānaṁ sarvaprabhāvakam tasmāddānaṁ dadasva tvaṁ dānātpuṇyaṁ pravartate

'Charity alone is the very best; charity alone is the empowerer of all. Therefore give charity — from charity alone does merit arise.'

Verse 41 (padma.2.39.41)

दानेन नश्यते पापं तस्माद्दानं ददस्व हि । अश्वमेधादिभिर्यज्ञैर्यजस्व नृपसत्तम

dānena naśyate pāpaṁ tasmāddānaṁ dadasva hi aśvamedhādibhiryajñairyajasva nṛpasattama

'By charity is sin destroyed; therefore give charity indeed. Perform sacrifices such as the horse-sacrifice, O best of kings.'

Verse 42 (padma.2.39.42)

भूमिदानादिकं दानं ब्राह्मणेभ्यो ददस्व वै । सुदानात्प्राप्यते भोगः सुदानात्प्राप्यते यशः

bhūmidānādikaṁ dānaṁ brāhmaṇebhyo dadasva vai sudānātprāpyate bhogaḥ sudānātprāpyate yaśaḥ

'Give gifts such as the gift of land to the brahmins; from good charity is enjoyment obtained, from good charity is fame obtained.'

Verse 43 (padma.2.39.43)

सुदानाज्जायते कीर्तिः सुदानात्प्राप्यते सुखम् । दानेन स्वर्गमाप्नोति फलं तत्र भुनक्ति च

sudānājjāyate kīrtiḥ sudānātprāpyate sukham dānena svargamāpnoti phalaṁ tatra bhunakti ca

'From good charity is renown born, from good charity is happiness obtained; by charity one attains heaven, and there one enjoys its fruit.'

Verse 44 (padma.2.39.44)

दत्तस्यापि सुदानस्य श्रद्धायुक्तस्य सत्तम । काले प्राप्ते व्रजेत्तीर्थं पुण्यस्यापि फलं त्विदम्

dattasyāpi sudānasya śraddhāyuktasya sattama kāle prāpte vrajettīrthaṁ puṇyasyāpi phalaṁ tvidam

'Even of good charity given with faith, O worthy one, when the time comes, one attains the tirtha as well - this too is the fruit of that same merit.'

Verse 45 (padma.2.39.45)

पात्रभूताय विप्राय श्रद्धापूतेन चेतसा । यो ददाति महादानं मयि भावं निवेश्य च

pātrabhūtāya viprāya śraddhāpūtena cetasā yo dadāti mahādānaṁ mayi bhāvaṁ niveśya ca

'To a worthy brahmin, with a heart purified by faith, whoever gives great charity, having fixed his devotion upon me—'

Verse 46 (padma.2.39.46)

तस्याहं सकलं दद्मि मनसा यंयमिच्छति । वेन उवाच- कालं दानस्य मे ब्रूहि कीदृक्कालस्य लक्षणम्

tasyāhaṁ sakalaṁ dadmi manasā yaṁyamicchati vena uvāca- kālaṁ dānasya me brūhi kīdṛkkālasya lakṣaṇam

'—to him I give, according to his mind's desire, everything whatsoever.' Vena said: 'Tell me the mark of the time for charity - what sort of time is it?'

Verse 47 (padma.2.39.47)

तीर्थस्यापि च यद्रूपं पात्रस्यापि सुलक्षणम् । दानस्यापि जगन्नाथ विधिं विस्तरतो वद

tīrthasyāpi ca yadrūpaṁ pātrasyāpi sulakṣaṇam dānasyāpi jagannātha vidhiṁ vistarato vada

'And also the form of a tirtha, and the excellent mark of a worthy recipient; and also the procedure of charity, O Lord of the world, tell me all this in detail,'

Verse 48 (padma.2.39.48)

प्रसादसुमुखो भूत्वा दया मे यदि वर्त्तते । श्रीकृष्ण उवाच-। दानकालं प्रवक्ष्यामि नित्यं नैमित्तिकं नृप

prasādasumukho bhūtvā dayā me yadi varttate śrīkṛṣṇa uvāca- dānakālaṁ pravakṣyāmi nityaṁ naimittikaṁ nṛpa

'—if you are gracious toward me with a pleased countenance and hold compassion for me.' Shri Krishna said: 'I shall declare the time for charity - the constant, the occasional, O king,'

Verse 49 (padma.2.39.49)

काम्यं चान्यं महाराज चतुर्थप्रापकं पुनः । सूर्योदयस्य वेलायां पापं नश्यति सर्वतः

kāmyaṁ cānyaṁ mahārāja caturthaprāpakaṁ punaḥ sūryodayasya velāyāṁ pāpaṁ naśyati sarvataḥ

'—the optional, and yet another, O great king, which bestows the fourth goal of life [liberation]. At the hour of sunrise, sin is destroyed on every side.'

Verse 50 (padma.2.39.50)

अंधकाराधिका घोरा नराणां नाशकारकाः । दिवि सूर्यो ममांशोऽयं तेजसां कल्पितो निधिः

aṁdhakārādhikā ghorā narāṇāṁ nāśakārakāḥ divi sūryo mamāṁśo'yaṁ tejasāṁ kalpito nidhiḥ

'Darkness, which grows everywhere and is terrible, is the destroyer of men. In the sky, the sun is my very portion, a very treasury of splendor.'

Verse 51 (padma.2.39.51)

तस्यैव तेजसा दग्धा भस्मतां यांति किल्बिषाः । उदयंतं ममांशं यो दृष्ट्वा दत्ते तु वार्यपि

tasyaiva tejasā dagdhā bhasmatāṁ yāṁti kilbiṣāḥ udayaṁtaṁ mamāṁśaṁ yo dṛṣṭvā datte tu vāryapi

'By his very splendor, sins are burnt to ashes. Whoever, having beheld my rising portion, offers even water—'

Verse 52 (padma.2.39.52)

तस्य किं कथ्यते भूप नित्यं पुण्यविवर्द्धनम् । संप्राप्तायां सुवेलायां तस्यां पुण्यकरो नरः

tasya kiṁ kathyate bhūpa nityaṁ puṇyavivarddhanam saṁprāptāyāṁ suvelāyāṁ tasyāṁ puṇyakaro naraḥ

'—what more need be said of him, O king? It is ever the increaser of merit. When that auspicious hour arrives, a man performing merit—'

Verse 53 (padma.2.39.53)

स्नात्वाभ्यर्च्य पितॄन्देवान्दानदाता भवेत्पुनः । यथाशक्तिप्रभावेन श्रद्धापूतेन चेतसा

snātvābhyarcya pitṝndevāndānadātā bhavetpunaḥ yathāśaktiprabhāvena śraddhāpūtena cetasā

'—should bathe, worship the ancestors and the gods, and become a giver of gifts again, according to his own strength and capacity, with a heart purified by faith,'

Verse 54 (padma.2.39.54)

अन्नं पयः फलं पुष्पं वस्त्रं तांबूलभूषणम् । हेमरत्नादिकं चैव तस्य पुण्यमनंतकम्

annaṁ payaḥ phalaṁ puṣpaṁ vastraṁ tāṁbūlabhūṣaṇam hemaratnādikaṁ caiva tasya puṇyamanaṁtakam

'—giving food, milk, fruit, flowers, cloth, betel, ornaments, gold and gems, and the like - his merit becomes endless.'

Verse 55 (padma.2.39.55)

मध्याह्ने तु ततो राजन्नपराह्णे तथैव च । मामुद्दिश्य च यो दद्यात्तस्य पुण्यमनंतकम्

madhyāhne tu tato rājannaparāhṇe tathaiva ca māmuddiśya ca yo dadyāttasya puṇyamanaṁtakam

'At midday too, O king, and likewise in the afternoon, whoever gives charity with me as the object - his merit becomes endless.'

Verse 56 (padma.2.39.56)

खाद्यपानादिकं मिष्ट लेपनं गंधकुंकुमम् । कर्पूरादिकमेवापि वस्त्रालंकारसंयुतम्

khādyapānādikaṁ miṣṭa lepanaṁ gaṁdhakuṁkumam karpūrādikamevāpi vastrālaṁkārasaṁyutam

'Sweet food and drink, ointments, sandal, saffron, and camphor, together with cloth and ornaments—'

Verse 57 (padma.2.39.57)

अविच्छिन्नं ददात्येवं भोगसौख्यप्रदायकम् । नित्यकालो मया ख्यातो दानपूजार्थिनां शुभः

avicchinnaṁ dadātyevaṁ bhogasaukhyapradāyakam nityakālo mayā khyāto dānapūjārthināṁ śubhaḥ

'—whoever gives these without interruption thus becomes a bestower of enjoyment and happiness. This is the constant time, declared by me as auspicious for those who seek charity and worship.'

Verse 58 (padma.2.39.58)

अथातः संप्रवक्ष्यामि नैमित्तिकमनुत्तमम् । त्रिकालेष्वपि दातव्यं दानमेव न संशयः

athātaḥ saṁpravakṣyāmi naimittikamanuttamam trikāleṣvapi dātavyaṁ dānameva na saṁśayaḥ

'Now, after this, I shall declare the excellent occasional time. Charity must indeed be given at all three times of day, without doubt.'

Verse 59 (padma.2.39.59)

शून्यं दिनं न कर्तव्यमात्मनो हितमिच्छता । यस्मिन्काले प्रदत्तं हि किंचिद्दानं नराधिप

śūnyaṁ dinaṁ na kartavyamātmano hitamicchatā yasminkāle pradattaṁ hi kiṁciddānaṁ narādhipa

'One who desires his own welfare should let no day pass empty. O lord of men, whatever gift is given at whatever time,'

Verse 60 (padma.2.39.60)

तत्प्रभावान्महाप्राज्ञो बहुसामर्थ्यसंयुतः । धनाढ्यो गुणवान्प्राज्ञः पंडितोऽपि विचक्षणः

tatprabhāvānmahāprājño bahusāmarthyasaṁyutaḥ dhanāḍhyo guṇavānprājñaḥ paṁḍito'pi vicakṣaṇaḥ

'—by its power a man becomes greatly wise, endowed with much ability, wealthy, virtuous, learned, wise, and discerning.'

Verse 61 (padma.2.39.61)

पक्षं मासं दिनं यावन्न दत्तं वै यदाशनम् । तमेव वारयाम्येव भक्ष्याच्चैव नरोत्तमम्

pakṣaṁ māsaṁ dinaṁ yāvanna dattaṁ vai yadāśanam tameva vārayāmyeva bhakṣyāccaiva narottamam

'If for a fortnight, a month, or even a day, a man has not given food, then from that very food I restrain that man, however excellent he be.'

Verse 62 (padma.2.39.62)

स्वमलं भक्षितं चैव अदत्वा दानमुत्तमम् । उत्पादयाम्यहं रोगं सर्वभोगनिवारणम्

svamalaṁ bhakṣitaṁ caiva adatvā dānamuttamam utpādayāmyahaṁ rogaṁ sarvabhoganivāraṇam

'Feeding as it were on his own filth, and not giving the excellent gift, I bring forth in him a disease that arrests every enjoyment.'

Verse 63 (padma.2.39.63)

तेषां कायेष्वसंतुष्टो बहुपीडाप्रदायकम् । मंदानलेन संयुक्तं ज्वरसंतापकारकम्

teṣāṁ kāyeṣvasaṁtuṣṭo bahupīḍāpradāyakam maṁdānalena saṁyuktaṁ jvarasaṁtāpakārakam

'In their bodies there arises discontent, great affliction, joined with weak digestive fire, and the torment of fever.'

Verse 64 (padma.2.39.64)

त्रिकालेषु न दत्तं यैर्ब्राह्मणेषु सुरेषु च । स्वयमश्नाति मिष्टं तु तेन पापं महत्कृतम्

trikāleṣu na dattaṁ yairbrāhmaṇeṣu sureṣu ca svayamaśnāti miṣṭaṁ tu tena pāpaṁ mahatkṛtam

'Those who give nothing to brahmins and gods at any of the three times, but themselves eat sweet food - by them a great sin is committed.'

Verse 65 (padma.2.39.65)

प्रायश्चित्तेन रौद्रेण तमेवं परिशोधयेत् । उपवासैर्महाराज कायशोषकरादिकैः

prāyaścittena raudreṇa tamevaṁ pariśodhayet upavāsairmahārāja kāyaśoṣakarādikaiḥ

'By a fierce expiation should he then purify that sin - through fasts, O great king, and through other practices that waste the body.'

Verse 66 (padma.2.39.66)

चर्मकारो यथा चर्म कुंडस्थोपरि निर्घृणः । शोधयेच्च कषायैश्च तच्चर्मस्फोटयेद्यथा

carmakāro yathā carma kuṁḍasthopari nirghṛṇaḥ śodhayecca kaṣāyaiśca taccarmasphoṭayedyathā

'Just as a tanner, without pity, upon his tanning-pit, purifies a hide with astringents so that the hide is stretched out—'

Verse 67 (padma.2.39.67)

तथाहं पापकर्तारं शोधयामि न संशयः । औषधीनां सुयोगाच्च कषायैः कटुकैर्ध्रुवम्

tathāhaṁ pāpakartāraṁ śodhayāmi na saṁśayaḥ auṣadhīnāṁ suyogācca kaṣāyaiḥ kaṭukairdhruvam

'—so do I too purify that doer of sin, without doubt - through the proper application of medicines, with bitter astringents, surely,'

Verse 68 (padma.2.39.68)

उष्णोदकैश्च संतापैर्वैद्यरूपेण नान्यथा । अन्ये भुंजन्ति तस्योग्र भोगान्पुण्यान्मनोनुगान्

uṣṇodakaiśca saṁtāpairvaidyarūpeṇa nānyathā anye bhuṁjanti tasyogra bhogānpuṇyānmanonugān

'—with hot water and with torments, in the manner of a physician, and not otherwise. Others enjoy those intense, meritorious, mind-pleasing enjoyments [that were meant for him]—'

Verse 69 (padma.2.39.69)

किं करोति समर्थश्च न दत्तं दानमुत्तमम् । महता पापरूपेण तमेवं परितापये

kiṁ karoti samarthaśca na dattaṁ dānamuttamam mahatā pāparūpeṇa tamevaṁ paritāpaye

'—what does he gain, though capable, who has not given that excellent gift? With that great form of sin, thus do I torment him.'

Verse 70 (padma.2.39.70)

नित्यकालस्य यद्दानमात्मार्थं पापिभिर्यथा । न दत्तं राजराजेंद्र श्रद्धापूतेन चेतसा

nityakālasya yaddānamātmārthaṁ pāpibhiryathā na dattaṁ rājarājeṁdra śraddhāpūtena cetasā

'Just as sinners fail to give the constant charity due for their own sake, with a heart purified by faith, O king of kings—'

Verse 71 (padma.2.39.71)

तथा ताञ्जारयाम्येतानुपायैर्दारुणैः किल । वासुदेव उवाच- नैमित्तिकं तथा कालं पुण्यं चैव तवाग्रतः

tathā tāñjārayāmyetānupāyairdāruṇaiḥ kila vāsudeva uvāca- naimittikaṁ tathā kālaṁ puṇyaṁ caiva tavāgrataḥ

'—so, by harsh means, do I likewise cause them to waste away, indeed.' Vasudeva said: 'The occasional time, and its merit too, before you—'

Verse 72 (padma.2.39.72)

प्रवक्ष्यामि नरश्रेष्ठ सुबुद्ध्या शृणु तत्परः । अमावास्या महाराज पौर्णमासी तथैव च

pravakṣyāmi naraśreṣṭha subuddhyā śṛṇu tatparaḥ amāvāsyā mahārāja paurṇamāsī tathaiva ca

'—I shall now declare, O best of men; with good understanding, hear it attentively. The new-moon day, O great king, and likewise the full-moon day,'

Verse 73 (padma.2.39.73)

यदा भवति संक्रांतिर्व्यतीपातो नरेश्वर । वैधृतिश्च यदा प्रोक्ता यदा एकादशी भवेत्

yadā bhavati saṁkrāṁtirvyatīpāto nareśvara vaidhṛtiśca yadā proktā yadā ekādaśī bhavet

'—when a solstice occurs, when a vyatipata occurs, O lord of men, and when a vaidhriti is declared, and when it is the Ekadashi day,'

Verse 74 (padma.2.39.74)

महामाघी तथाषाढी वैशाखी कार्तिकी तथा । अमासोमसमायोगे मन्वादिषु युगादिषु

mahāmāghī tathāṣāḍhī vaiśākhī kārtikī tathā amāsomasamāyoge manvādiṣu yugādiṣu

'—the great Magha, and the Ashadha, Vaishakha, and Karttika full-moon days; at the conjunction of the new moon with the moon, at the beginnings of the Manvantaras and the Yugas,'

Verse 75 (padma.2.39.75)

गजच्छाया तथा प्रोक्ता पितृक्षया तथैव च । एते नैमित्तिकाः ख्यातास्तवाग्रे नृपसत्तम

gajacchāyā tathā proktā pitṛkṣayā tathaiva ca ete naimittikāḥ khyātāstavāgre nṛpasattama

'—the Gajachhaya period too has been declared, and likewise the waning-day of the ancestors; these, O best of kings, are the times declared before you as occasional.'

Verse 76 (padma.2.39.76)

एतेषु दीयते दानं तस्य दानस्य यत्फलम् । तत्फलं तु प्रवक्ष्यामि श्रूयतां नृपसत्तम

eteṣu dīyate dānaṁ tasya dānasya yatphalam tatphalaṁ tu pravakṣyāmi śrūyatāṁ nṛpasattama

'The fruit of the charity given on these occasions - that fruit I shall now declare; hear it, O best of kings.'

Verse 77 (padma.2.39.77)

मामुद्दिश्य नरो भक्त्या ब्राह्मणाय प्रयच्छति । तस्याहं निर्विकल्पेन प्रयच्छामि न संशयः

māmuddiśya naro bhaktyā brāhmaṇāya prayacchati tasyāhaṁ nirvikalpena prayacchāmi na saṁśayaḥ

'When a man, with devotion, gives something to a brahmin with me as the object, to him I give, without any hesitation, without doubt—'

Verse 78 (padma.2.39.78)

गृहं सौख्यं महाराज स्वर्गमोक्षादिकं बहु । काम्यं कालं प्रवक्ष्यामि दानस्य फलदायकम्

gṛhaṁ saukhyaṁ mahārāja svargamokṣādikaṁ bahu kāmyaṁ kālaṁ pravakṣyāmi dānasya phaladāyakam

'—a home, happiness, O great king, heaven, liberation, and much else. Now I shall declare the optional (kamya) time, the bestower of the fruit of charity.'

Verse 79 (padma.2.39.79)

व्रतानामेव सर्वेषां देवादीनां तथैव च । दानस्य पुण्यकालं तु संप्रोक्तं द्विजसत्तमैः

vratānāmeva sarveṣāṁ devādīnāṁ tathaiva ca dānasya puṇyakālaṁ tu saṁproktaṁ dvijasattamaiḥ

'For all the vows, and likewise for the gods and such, the auspicious time for charity has been declared by the excellent twice-born.'

Verse 80 (padma.2.39.80)

आभ्युदयिकमेवापि कालं वक्ष्यामि ते नृप । मखानामेव सर्वेषां वैवाहिकमनुत्तमम्

ābhyudayikamevāpi kālaṁ vakṣyāmi te nṛpa makhānāmeva sarveṣāṁ vaivāhikamanuttamam

'I shall also tell you the time called abhyudayika, O king - the excellent time for all sacrifices, for marriage,'

Verse 81 (padma.2.39.81)

पुत्रस्य जातमात्रस्य चौलमौंज्यादिकं तथा । प्रासादध्वजदेवानां प्रतिष्ठादिककर्मणि

putrasya jātamātrasya caulamauṁjyādikaṁ tathā prāsādadhvajadevānāṁ pratiṣṭhādikakarmaṇi

'—for the tonsure and sacred-thread ceremonies of a newborn son, for the consecration rites of temples, banners, and images of the gods,'

Verse 82 (padma.2.39.82)

वापीकूपतडागानां गृहवास्तुमयं नृप । तदाभ्युदयिकं प्रोक्तं मातॄणां यत्र पूजनम्

vāpīkūpataḍāgānāṁ gṛhavāstumayaṁ nṛpa tadābhyudayikaṁ proktaṁ mātṝṇāṁ yatra pūjanam

'—for step-wells, wells, and tanks, and for house-building too, O king. This is declared the abhyudayika time, in which the worship of the mother-goddesses occurs.'

Verse 83 (padma.2.39.83)

तस्मिन्काले ददेद्दानं सर्वसिद्धिप्रदायकम् । आभ्युदयिक एवायं कालः प्रोक्तो नृपोत्तम

tasminkāle dadeddānaṁ sarvasiddhipradāyakam ābhyudayika evāyaṁ kālaḥ prokto nṛpottama

'At that time, charity should be given, the bestower of every accomplishment. This alone is declared the abhyudayika time, O best of kings.'

Verse 84 (padma.2.39.84)

अन्यच्चैव प्रवक्ष्यामि पापपीडानिवारणम् । मृत्युकाले च संप्राप्ते क्षयं ज्ञात्वा नरोत्तम

anyaccaiva pravakṣyāmi pāpapīḍānivāraṇam mṛtyukāle ca saṁprāpte kṣayaṁ jñātvā narottama

'Now I shall declare yet another, which removes the torment of sin - when the time of death has come, and knowing one's own decline, O best of men,'

Verse 85 (padma.2.39.85)

तत्र दानं प्रदातव्यं यममार्गसुखप्रदम् । नित्यनैमित्तिकाः कालाः काम्याभ्युदयिकास्तथा

tatra dānaṁ pradātavyaṁ yamamārgasukhapradam nityanaimittikāḥ kālāḥ kāmyābhyudayikāstathā

'—at that time charity should be given, which bestows happiness on the path of Yama. The constant, the occasional, and likewise the optional and the abhyudayika,'

Verse 86 (padma.2.39.86)

अंत्यःकालो महाराज समाख्यातस्तवाग्रतः । एते कालाः समाख्याताः स्वकर्मफलदायकाः

aṁtyaḥkālo mahārāja samākhyātastavāgrataḥ ete kālāḥ samākhyātāḥ svakarmaphaladāyakāḥ

'—and the final time too, O great king, has been declared before you. These times have all been declared, each bestowing the fruit of its own deed.'

Verse 87 (padma.2.39.87)

तीर्थस्य लक्षणं राजन्प्रवक्ष्यामि तवाग्रतः । सुतीर्थानामियं गंगा भाति पुण्या सरस्वती

tīrthasya lakṣaṇaṁ rājanpravakṣyāmi tavāgrataḥ sutīrthānāmiyaṁ gaṁgā bhāti puṇyā sarasvatī

'The mark of a tirtha, O king, I shall now declare before you. Among the excellent tirthas, the Ganga and the holy Sarasvati shine forth,'

Verse 88 (padma.2.39.88)

रेवा च यमुना तापी तथा चर्मण्वती नदी । सरयूर्घर्घरा वेणा सर्वपापप्रणाशिनी

revā ca yamunā tāpī tathā carmaṇvatī nadī sarayūrghargharā veṇā sarvapāpapraṇāśinī

'—and the Reva, the Yamuna, the Tapi, likewise the river Charmanvati, the Sarayu, the Gharghara, the Vena - the destroyer of all sins,'

Verse 89 (padma.2.39.89)

कावेरी कपिला चान्या विशाला विश्वतारणी । गोदावरी समाख्याता तुंगभद्रा नरोत्तम

kāverī kapilā cānyā viśālā viśvatāraṇī godāvarī samākhyātā tuṁgabhadrā narottama

'—the Kaveri, the Kapila, and the other, the Vishala - the deliverer of the universe; the one named Godavari, and the Tungabhadra too, O best of men,'

Verse 90 (padma.2.39.90)

पापानां भीतिदा नित्यं भीमरथ्या प्रपठ्यते । देविका कृष्णगंगा च अन्याः सरिद्वरोत्तमाः

pāpānāṁ bhītidā nityaṁ bhīmarathyā prapaṭhyate devikā kṛṣṇagaṁgā ca anyāḥ saridvarottamāḥ

'—the Bhimarathi, ever spoken of as instilling fear in sinners, the Devika, the Krishnaganga, and other excellent rivers too—'

Verse 91 (padma.2.39.91)

एतासां पुण्यकालेषु संति तीर्थान्यनेकशः । ग्रामे वा यदि वारण्ये नद्यः सर्वत्र पावनाः

etāsāṁ puṇyakāleṣu saṁti tīrthānyanekaśaḥ grāme vā yadi vāraṇye nadyaḥ sarvatra pāvanāḥ

'—in the holy seasons of all these there exist many tirthas. Whether in a village or in a forest, rivers are everywhere purifying;'

Verse 92 (padma.2.39.92)

तत्र तत्र प्रकर्तव्याः स्नानदानादिकाः क्रियाः । यदा न ज्ञायते नाम तासां तीर्थस्य सत्तमाः

tatra tatra prakartavyāḥ snānadānādikāḥ kriyāḥ yadā na jñāyate nāma tāsāṁ tīrthasya sattamāḥ

'—there and there, the rites of bathing, giving, and the like should be performed. When the name of such a tirtha is not known, O worthy ones,'

Verse 93 (padma.2.39.93)

नामोच्चारं प्रकुर्वीत विष्णुतीर्थमिदं नृप । तीर्थस्य देवता तद्वदहमेव न संशयः

nāmoccāraṁ prakurvīta viṣṇutīrthamidaṁ nṛpa tīrthasya devatā tadvadahameva na saṁśayaḥ

'—then this name should be uttered: "This is a tirtha of Vishnu, O king; the deity of that tirtha am I myself, without doubt."'

Verse 94 (padma.2.39.94)

मामेवमुच्चरेद्यो वै तीर्थे देवेषु साधकः । तस्य पुण्यफलं जातं मन्नाम्ना नृपनंदन

māmevamuccaredyo vai tīrthe deveṣu sādhakaḥ tasya puṇyaphalaṁ jātaṁ mannāmnā nṛpanaṁdana

'Whoever, a seeker, thus utters my name at a tirtha, among the gods, O prince - his fruit of merit arises through my very name.'

Verse 95 (padma.2.39.95)

अज्ञातानां सुतीर्थानां देवानां नृपसत्तम । स्नाने दाने महाराज मन्नाम हि समुच्चरेत्

ajñātānāṁ sutīrthānāṁ devānāṁ nṛpasattama snāne dāne mahārāja mannāma hi samuccaret

'For unknown holy tirthas and gods too, in bathing and in charity, O best of kings, O great king, my very name should be uttered.'

Verse 96 (padma.2.39.96)

तीर्थानामेव राजेंद्र धात्रा धात्र्य इमाः कृताः । सिंधवः सर्वपुण्यानां सर्वस्थाः क्षितिमंडले

tīrthānāmeva rājeṁdra dhātrā dhātrya imāḥ kṛtāḥ siṁdhavaḥ sarvapuṇyānāṁ sarvasthāḥ kṣitimaṁḍale

'O king of kings, these rivers have been made by the Creator himself as tirthas, streams of every merit, situated everywhere upon the circle of the earth.'

Verse 97 (padma.2.39.97)

यत्रतत्र प्रकर्त्तव्यं स्नानदानादिकं नृप । अक्षयं फलमाप्नोति सुतीर्थानां प्रसादतः

yatratatra prakarttavyaṁ snānadānādikaṁ nṛpa akṣayaṁ phalamāpnoti sutīrthānāṁ prasādataḥ

'Wherever it may be, bathing, charity, and the like should be performed, O king; by the grace of the excellent tirthas, one obtains imperishable fruit.'

Verse 98 (padma.2.39.98)

तीर्थरूपा महापुण्याः सागरा सप्त एव च । मानसाद्यास्तथा राजन्सरस्यश्च प्रकीर्तिताः

tīrtharūpā mahāpuṇyāḥ sāgarā sapta eva ca mānasādyāstathā rājansarasyaśca prakīrtitāḥ

'The seven oceans too are of the very form of a tirtha, greatly meritorious; and the lake Manasa and other such lakes, O king, are likewise proclaimed as tirthas.'

Verse 99 (padma.2.39.99)

निर्झराः पल्वलाः प्रोक्तास्तीर्थरूपा न संशयः । स्वल्पा नद्यो महाराज तासु तीर्थं प्रतिष्ठितम्

nirjharāḥ palvalāḥ proktāstīrtharūpā na saṁśayaḥ svalpā nadyo mahārāja tāsu tīrthaṁ pratiṣṭhitam

'Springs and small pools too are declared to be of the form of a tirtha, without doubt. Small rivers too, O great king - in them a tirtha is established.'

Verse 100 (padma.2.39.100)

खातेष्वेवं च सर्वेषु वर्जयित्वा च कूपकम् । पर्वतास्तीर्थरूपाश्च मेर्वाद्याश्च महीतले

khāteṣvevaṁ ca sarveṣu varjayitvā ca kūpakam parvatāstīrtharūpāśca mervādyāśca mahītale

'Thus, in all excavated reservoirs, excepting only a mere well, [a tirtha may exist]; and mountains too are of the form of a tirtha, Meru and others, upon this earth.'

Verse 101 (padma.2.39.101)

यज्ञभूमिश्च यज्ञश्च अग्निहोत्रे यथा स्थितः । श्राद्धभूमिस्तथा शुद्धा देवशाला तथा पुनः

yajñabhūmiśca yajñaśca agnihotre yathā sthitaḥ śrāddhabhūmistathā śuddhā devaśālā tathā punaḥ

'The sacrificial ground, and the sacrifice itself, as it stands in the Agnihotra rite; likewise the pure ground for a shraddha, and likewise the temple-hall too,'

Verse 102 (padma.2.39.102)

होमशाला तथा प्रोक्ता वेदाध्ययनवेश्म च । गृहेषु पुण्यसंयुक्तं गोस्थानं वरमुत्तमम्

homaśālā tathā proktā vedādhyayanaveśma ca gṛheṣu puṇyasaṁyuktaṁ gosthānaṁ varamuttamam

'—the hall of fire-oblation too is so declared, and the place of Vedic study as well; in homes, the cow-shed too is joined with merit, most excellent.'

Verse 103 (padma.2.39.103)

सोमपायी भवेद्यत्र तीर्थं तत्र प्रतिष्ठितम् । आरामो यत्र वै पुण्यो अश्वत्थो यत्र तिष्ठति

somapāyī bhavedyatra tīrthaṁ tatra pratiṣṭhitam ārāmo yatra vai puṇyo aśvattho yatra tiṣṭhati

'Where a drinker of Soma dwells, there a tirtha is established. Where there is a holy garden, where a peepal tree stands,'

Verse 104 (padma.2.39.104)

ब्रह्मवृक्षो भवेद्यत्र वटवृक्षस्तथैव च । अन्ये च वन्यसंस्थाने तत्र तीर्थं प्रतिष्ठितम्

brahmavṛkṣo bhavedyatra vaṭavṛkṣastathaiva ca anye ca vanyasaṁsthāne tatra tīrthaṁ pratiṣṭhitam

'—where a sacred fig-tree stands, and likewise a banyan tree, and in other forest-places too - there a tirtha is established.'

Verse 105 (padma.2.39.105)

एते तीर्थाः समाख्याताः पितामाता तथैव च । पुराणं पठ्यते यत्र गुरुर्यत्र स्वयं स्थितः

ete tīrthāḥ samākhyātāḥ pitāmātā tathaiva ca purāṇaṁ paṭhyate yatra gururyatra svayaṁ sthitaḥ

'These have been declared as tirthas, and likewise one's father and mother too; where the Purana is recited, where the guru himself abides,'

Verse 106 (padma.2.39.106)

सुभार्या तिष्ठते यत्र तत्र तीर्थं न संशयः । सुपुत्रस्तिष्ठते यत्र तत्र तीर्थं न संशयः

subhāryā tiṣṭhate yatra tatra tīrthaṁ na saṁśayaḥ suputrastiṣṭhate yatra tatra tīrthaṁ na saṁśayaḥ

'—where a good and virtuous wife dwells, there is a tirtha, without doubt; where a good son dwells, there too is a tirtha, without doubt.'

Verse 107 (padma.2.39.107)

एते तीर्थाः समाख्याता राजवेश्म तथैव च । वेन उवाच- पात्रस्य लक्षणं ब्रूहि यस्मै देयं सुरोत्तम

ete tīrthāḥ samākhyātā rājaveśma tathaiva ca vena uvāca- pātrasya lakṣaṇaṁ brūhi yasmai deyaṁ surottama

'These have all been declared as tirthas, and likewise the palace of a king.' Vena said: 'Tell me the mark of a worthy recipient, to whom charity should be given, O best of gods,'

Verse 108 (padma.2.39.108)

प्रसादसुमुखो भूत्वा कृपया मम माधव । वासुदेव उवाच- शृणु राजन्महाप्राज्ञ पात्रस्यापि सुलक्षणम्

prasādasumukho bhūtvā kṛpayā mama mādhava vāsudeva uvāca- śṛṇu rājanmahāprājña pātrasyāpi sulakṣaṇam

'—being gracious to me, with a pleased face, O Madhava.' Vasudeva said: 'Hear, O greatly wise king, the excellent mark of a worthy recipient too—'

Verse 109 (padma.2.39.109)

यस्मै देयं सुदानं च श्रद्धापूतैर्महात्मभिः । ब्राह्मणं सुकुलोपेतं वेदाध्ययनतत्परम्

yasmai deyaṁ sudānaṁ ca śraddhāpūtairmahātmabhiḥ brāhmaṇaṁ sukulopetaṁ vedādhyayanatatparam

'—to whom excellent charity should be given by great souls purified through faith: a brahmin born in a good family, devoted to the study of the Vedas,'

Verse 110 (padma.2.39.110)

शांतं दांतं तपोयुक्तं शुक्लमेव विशेषतः । प्रज्ञावंतं ज्ञानवंतं देवपूजनतत्परम्

śāṁtaṁ dāṁtaṁ tapoyuktaṁ śuklameva viśeṣataḥ prajñāvaṁtaṁ jñānavaṁtaṁ devapūjanatatparam

'—peaceful, self-controlled, endowed with austerity, and especially pure; wise, learned, devoted to the worship of the gods,'

Verse 111 (padma.2.39.111)

सत्यवंतं महापुण्यं वैष्णवं ज्ञानपंडितम् । धर्मज्ञं मुक्तलौल्यं च पाखंडैस्तु विवर्जितम्

satyavaṁtaṁ mahāpuṇyaṁ vaiṣṇavaṁ jñānapaṁḍitam dharmajñaṁ muktalaulyaṁ ca pākhaṁḍaistu vivarjitam

'—truthful, of great merit, devoted to Vishnu, skilled in knowledge; knower of dharma, free from fickleness, and free from all heresies—'

Verse 112 (padma.2.39.112)

एवं पात्रं समाख्यातमन्यदेवं वदाम्यहम् । एवमेतैर्गुणैर्युक्तं स्वसृपुत्रं नरोत्तमम्

evaṁ pātraṁ samākhyātamanyadevaṁ vadāmyaham evametairguṇairyuktaṁ svasṛputraṁ narottamam

'—thus has the worthy recipient been declared; now I shall tell you more: one's own sister's son too, endowed with these same qualities, O best of men,'

Verse 113 (padma.2.39.113)

एतं पात्रं विजानीहि दुहितुस्तनयं ततः । जामातरं महाराज भावैरेतैश्च संयुतम्

etaṁ pātraṁ vijānīhi duhitustanayaṁ tataḥ jāmātaraṁ mahārāja bhāvairetaiśca saṁyutam

'—know him too as a worthy recipient; then the son of one's daughter, O great king, and a son-in-law too, endowed with these same qualities,'

Verse 114 (padma.2.39.114)

गुरुं च दीक्षितं चैव पात्रभूतं नरोत्तम । एतान्येव सुपात्राणि दानयोग्यानि सत्तम

guruṁ ca dīkṣitaṁ caiva pātrabhūtaṁ narottama etānyeva supātrāṇi dānayogyāni sattama

'—one's guru, and one who has been initiated too, having become a worthy recipient, O best of men - these indeed are the excellent recipients, fit for charity, O worthy one.'

Verse 115 (padma.2.39.115)

वेदाचारसमोपेतस्तृप्तिं नैव च गच्छति । वर्जयेत्किल तं विप्रं तथा काणं सुधूर्तकम्

vedācārasamopetastṛptiṁ naiva ca gacchati varjayetkila taṁ vipraṁ tathā kāṇaṁ sudhūrtakam

'One who, though joined with Vedic conduct, never attains contentment - such a brahmin should be shunned; likewise the one-eyed and the great trickster.'

Verse 116 (padma.2.39.116)

अतिकृष्णं महाराज कपिलं परिवर्जयेत् । कर्कटाक्षं सुनीलं च श्यावदन्तं विवर्जयेत्

atikṛṣṇaṁ mahārāja kapilaṁ parivarjayet karkaṭākṣaṁ sunīlaṁ ca śyāvadantaṁ vivarjayet

'One exceedingly dark-hued, O great king, and the tawny-colored one should be shunned; the crab-eyed, the deep-blue-eyed, and the black-toothed should also be shunned.'

Verse 117 (padma.2.39.117)

नीलदंतं तथा राजन्पीतदंतं तथैव च । गोघ्नं सुकृष्णदंतं च बर्बरं चातिपांशुलम्

nīladaṁtaṁ tathā rājanpītadaṁtaṁ tathaiva ca goghnaṁ sukṛṣṇadaṁtaṁ ca barbaraṁ cātipāṁśulam

'Likewise, O king, one with blue teeth, and one with yellow teeth too; the killer of a cow, one with exceedingly black teeth, the barbarous, and the exceedingly filthy should also be shunned.'

Verse 118 (padma.2.39.118)

हीनांगमधिकांगं च कुष्ठिनं कुनखं तथा । दुश्चर्माणं महाराज खल्वाटं परिवर्जयेत्

hīnāṁgamadhikāṁgaṁ ca kuṣṭhinaṁ kunakhaṁ tathā duścarmāṇaṁ mahārāja khalvāṭaṁ parivarjayet

'One deficient in a limb or with an extra limb, the leprous, and one with bad nails too; one of bad skin, O great king, and the bald should also be shunned.'

Verse 119 (padma.2.39.119)

अन्यायेषु रता यस्य जाया विप्रस्य कस्य च । तस्मै दानं न दातव्यं यदि ब्रह्मसमो भवेत्

anyāyeṣu ratā yasya jāyā viprasya kasya ca tasmai dānaṁ na dātavyaṁ yadi brahmasamo bhavet

'To whichever brahmin's wife is given to unrighteous ways, to him charity should not be given, even were he the very equal of Brahma.'

Verse 120 (padma.2.39.120)

स्त्रीजिताय न दातव्यं शाखारंडे महामते । व्याधिताय न दातव्यं मृतभोजिषु भूपते

strījitāya na dātavyaṁ śākhāraṁḍe mahāmate vyādhitāya na dātavyaṁ mṛtabhojiṣu bhūpate

'It should not be given to one ruled by his wife, O great-minded one, nor to a eunuch; it should not be given to one who is diseased, O lord of the earth, nor to those who eat the food offered to the dead.'

Verse 121 (padma.2.39.121)

चोराय च न दातव्यं स यद्यत्रिसमो भवेत् । अतृप्ताय न दातव्यं शावं तु परिवर्जयेत्

corāya ca na dātavyaṁ sa yadyatrisamo bhavet atṛptāya na dātavyaṁ śāvaṁ tu parivarjayet

'It should not be given to a thief either, even were he the equal of Atri; it should not be given to one who is never satisfied, and one in mourning should likewise be avoided.'

Verse 122 (padma.2.39.122)

अतिस्तब्धाय नो देयं शठाय च विशेषतः । वेदशास्त्रसमायुक्तः सदाचारेण वर्जितः

atistabdhāya no deyaṁ śaṭhāya ca viśeṣataḥ vedaśāstrasamāyuktaḥ sadācāreṇa varjitaḥ

'It should not be given to one who is exceedingly obstinate, and especially not to a rogue; one who, though joined with the Vedas and scriptures, is devoid of good conduct—'

Verse 123 (padma.2.39.123)

श्राद्धे दाने च राजेंद्र नैव युक्तः कदा भवेत् । अथ दानं प्रवक्ष्यामि सफलं पुण्यदायकम्

śrāddhe dāne ca rājeṁdra naiva yuktaḥ kadā bhavet atha dānaṁ pravakṣyāmi saphalaṁ puṇyadāyakam

'—he, O king of kings, is never fit either for a shraddha or for charity. Now I shall declare that charity which bears fruit and bestows merit.'

Verse 124 (padma.2.39.124)

कालतीर्थसुपात्राणां श्रद्धा योगात्प्रजायते । नास्ति श्रद्धासमं पुण्यं नास्ति श्रद्धासमं सुखम्

kālatīrthasupātrāṇāṁ śraddhā yogātprajāyate nāsti śraddhāsamaṁ puṇyaṁ nāsti śraddhāsamaṁ sukham

'Through the union of proper time, tirtha, and a worthy recipient, faith arises; there is no merit equal to faith, and no happiness equal to faith,'

Verse 125 (padma.2.39.125)

नास्ति श्रद्धासमं तीर्थं संसारे प्राणिनां नृप । श्रद्धाभावेन संयुक्तो मामेवं परिसंस्मरेत्

nāsti śraddhāsamaṁ tīrthaṁ saṁsāre prāṇināṁ nṛpa śraddhābhāvena saṁyukto māmevaṁ parisaṁsmaret

'—nor is there any tirtha equal to faith, for the creatures of this world, O king. Joined with the state of faith, one should thus ever remember me.'

Verse 126 (padma.2.39.126)

पात्रहस्ते प्रदातव्यं स्वल्पमेव नृपोत्तम । एवंविधस्य दानस्य विधियुक्तस्य यत्फलम्

pātrahaste pradātavyaṁ svalpameva nṛpottama evaṁvidhasya dānasya vidhiyuktasya yatphalam

'Even a small gift should always be placed into the hand of a worthy recipient, O best of kings. The fruit of such charity, given according to the proper rite—'

Verse 127 (padma.2.39.127)

अनंतं तदवाप्नोति मत्प्रसादात्सुखी भवेत्

anaṁtaṁ tadavāpnoti matprasādātsukhī bhavet

'—one obtains it without end; by my grace, a man becomes truly happy.'