Indra Mocks the Valakhilyas, and Garuda Is Born

Verse 1 (1.31.1)

कोऽपराधो महेन्द्रस्य कः प्रमादश्च सूतज । तपसा वालखिल्यानां संभूतो गरुडः कथम् ॥

ko'parādho mahendrasya kaḥ pramādaśca sūtaja | tapasā vālakhilyānāṃ saṃbhūto garuḍaḥ katham

What was great Indra's offence, son of the suta, and what was his carelessness? How was Garuda born through the austerity of the Valakhilyas?

Verse 2 (1.31.2)

कश्यपस्य द्विजातेश्च कथं वै पक्षिराट् सुतः । अधृष्टः सर्वभूतानामवध्यश्चाभवत्कथम् ॥

kaśyapasya dvijāteśca kathaṃ vai pakṣirāṭ sutaḥ | adhṛṣṭaḥ sarvabhūtānāmavadhyaścābhavatkatham

How did the king of birds come to be the son of Kashyapa, a brahmin? And how did he become unassailable by all beings, and impossible to slay?

Note on the text: Corrected अवध्यस्चाभवत् → अवध्यश्चाभवत् (misprint in Wikisource; स for श in the sandhi before च; CE avadhyaś cābhavat).

Verse 3 (1.31.3)

कथं च कामचारी स कामवीर्यश्च खेचरः । एतदिच्छाम्यहं श्रोतुं पुराणे यदि पठ्यते ॥

kathaṃ ca kāmacārī sa kāmavīryaśca khecaraḥ | etadicchāmyahaṃ śrotuṃ purāṇe yadi paṭhyate

How did that ranger of the sky come to go wherever he wished and to have whatever strength he wished? I want to hear this, if it is told in the Purana.

Verse 4 (1.31.4)

विषयोऽयं पुराणस्य यन्मां त्वं परिपृच्छसि । शृणु मे वदतः सर्वमेतत्संक्षेपतो द्विज ॥

viṣayo'yaṃ purāṇasya yanmāṃ tvaṃ paripṛcchasi | śṛṇu me vadataḥ sarvametatsaṃkṣepato dvija

What you ask me about is a subject of the Purana. Listen, brahmin, while I tell you all of it in brief.

Note on the text: Corrected संक्षेपतों → संक्षेपतो (misprint in Wikisource; stray anusvara; CE saṃkṣepato).

Verse 5 (1.31.5)

यजतः पुत्रकामस्य कश्यपस्य प्रजापतेः । साहाय्यमृषयो देवा गन्धर्वाश्च ददुः किल ॥

yajataḥ putrakāmasya kaśyapasya prajāpateḥ | sāhāyyamṛṣayo devā gandharvāśca daduḥ kila

When Kashyapa, the lord of creatures, was performing a sacrifice in the hope of a son, the sages, the gods and the gandharvas, it is said, lent him their help.

Verse 6 (1.31.6)

तत्रेध्मानयने शक्रो नियुक्तः कश्यपेन ह । मुनयो वालखिल्याश्च ये चान्ये देवतागणाः ॥

tatredhmānayane śakro niyuktaḥ kaśyapena ha | munayo vālakhilyāśca ye cānye devatāgaṇāḥ

For it Kashyapa appointed Shakra to fetch the firewood, and with him the Valakhilya sages and the other hosts of gods.

Verse 7 (1.31.7)

शक्रस्तु वीर्यसदृशमिध्मभारं गिरिप्रभम् । समुद्यम्यानयामास नातिकृच्छ्रादिव प्रभुः ॥

śakrastu vīryasadṛśamidhmabhāraṃ giriprabham | samudyamyānayāmāsa nātikṛcchrādiva prabhuḥ

Shakra, the mighty lord, lifted a load of firewood as large as a mountain, as befitted his strength, and carried it along without much effort.

Note on the text: Corrected इध्यभारं → इध्मभारं (misprint in Wikisource; idhma, firewood; CE idhmabhāraṃ).

Verse 8 (1.31.8)

अथापश्यदृषीन्ह्रस्वानङ्गुष्ठोदरवर्ष्मणः । पलाशवर्तिकामेकां वहतः संहतान्पथि ॥

athāpaśyadṛṣīnhrasvānaṅguṣṭhodaravarṣmaṇaḥ | palāśavartikāmekāṃ vahataḥ saṃhatānpathi

Then on the path he saw some tiny sages, their bodies no bigger than a thumb, carrying a single palasha twig between them all.

Verse 9 (1.31.9)

प्रलीनान्स्वेष्विवाङ्गेषु निराहारांस्तपोधनान् । क्लिश्यमानान्मन्दबलान्गोष्पदे संप्लुतोदके ॥

pralīnānsveṣvivāṅgeṣu nirāhārāṃstapodhanān | kliśyamānānmandabalāngoṣpade saṃplutodake

Those ascetics were shrunk, as it were, into their own limbs; they had gone without food, their strength was slight, and they were struggling through the water that filled a cow's hoofprint.

Verse 10 (1.31.10)

तान्सर्वान्विस्मयाविष्टो वीर्योन्मत्तः पुरन्दरः । अपहास्याभ्यगाच्छीघ्रं लङ्घयित्वाऽवमन्य च ॥

tānsarvānvismayāviṣṭo vīryonmattaḥ purandaraḥ | apahāsyābhyagācchīghraṃ laṅghayitvā'vamanya ca

Puramdara, drunk with his own strength and filled with wonder, laughed at them all, stepped over them in contempt and swiftly went on his way.

Note on the text: Corrected लम्बयित्वा → लङ्घयित्वा (misprint in Wikisource; "stepping over" is the evident sense; CE laṅghayitvā).

Verse 11 (1.31.11)

तेऽथ रोषसमाविष्टाः सुभृशं जातमन्यवः । आरेभिरे महत्कर्म तदा शक्रभयंकरम् ॥

te'tha roṣasamāviṣṭāḥ subhṛśaṃ jātamanyavaḥ | ārebhire mahatkarma tadā śakrabhayaṃkaram

Then, seized by anger and burning with indignation, they began a great rite that would bring fear to Shakra.

Verse 12 (1.31.12)

जुहुवुस्ते सुतपसो विधिवज्जातवेदसम् । मन्त्रैरुच्चावचैर्विप्रा येन कामेन तच्छृणु ॥

juhuvuste sutapaso vidhivajjātavedasam | mantrairuccāvacairviprā yena kāmena tacchṛṇu

Those brahmins of great austerity made offerings into the fire according to rule, with mantras of every kind. Hear the wish with which they did it.

Verse 13 (1.31.13)

कामवीर्यः कामगमो देवराजभयप्रदः । इन्द्रोऽन्यः सर्वदेवानां भवेदिति यतव्रताः ॥

kāmavīryaḥ kāmagamo devarājabhayapradaḥ | indro'nyaḥ sarvadevānāṃ bhavediti yatavratāḥ

Those sages of firm vows resolved: "Let there be another Indra for all the gods, with whatever strength he wishes, going wherever he wishes, a terror to the king of the gods.

Verse 14 (1.31.14)

इन्द्राच्छतगुणः शौर्ये वीर्ये चैव मनोजवः । तपसो नः फलेनाद्य दारुणः संभवत्विति ॥

indrācchataguṇaḥ śaurye vīrye caiva manojavaḥ | tapaso naḥ phalenādya dāruṇaḥ saṃbhavatviti

By the fruit of our austerity let one arise today who is fierce, a hundred times greater than Indra in courage and in valour, and swift as thought."

Note on the text: Corrected संभवित्विति → संभवत्विति (misprint in Wikisource; imperative saṃbhavatu; CE saṃbhavatv iti).

Verse 15 (1.31.15)

तद्बुद्ध्वा भृशसंतप्तो देवराजः शतक्रतुः । जगाम शरणं तत्र कश्यपं संशितव्रतम् ॥

tadbuddhvā bhṛśasaṃtapto devarājaḥ śatakratuḥ | jagāma śaraṇaṃ tatra kaśyapaṃ saṃśitavratam

When he learned of this, Shatakratu, king of the gods, was sorely troubled, and went for refuge to Kashyapa, who was strict in his vows.

Verse 16 (1.31.16)

तच्छ्रुत्वा देवराजस्य कश्यपोऽथ प्रजापतिः । वालखिल्यानुपागम्य कर्मसिद्धिमपृच्छत ॥

tacchrutvā devarājasya kaśyapo'tha prajāpatiḥ | vālakhilyānupāgamya karmasiddhimapṛcchata

Having heard the king of the gods, Kashyapa, the lord of creatures, went to the Valakhilyas and asked them whether their rite had succeeded.

Verse 17 (1.31.17)

केन कामेन चारब्धं भवद्भिर्होमकर्म च । याथातथ्येन मे ब्रूत श्रोतुं कौतूहलं हि मे ॥

kena kāmena cārabdhaṃ bhavadbhirhomakarma ca | yāthātathyena me brūta śrotuṃ kautūhalaṃ hi me

With what wish have you begun this fire-offering? Tell me exactly, for I am eager to hear.

Note on the text: Removed the speaker line कश्यप उवाच, which Wikisource prints inside the verse after a stray wiki backtick; speaker set to Kashyapa (input had Sauti). Not in the critical edition (found in the vulgate recension).

Verse 18 (1.31.18)

अवज्ञाताः सुरेन्द्रेण मूढेनाकृतबुद्धिना । ऐश्वर्यमदमत्तेन सदाचारान्निरस्यता ॥

avajñātāḥ surendreṇa mūḍhenākṛtabuddhinā | aiśvaryamadamattena sadācārānnirasyatā

We were scorned by the lord of the gods, a fool of unripe mind, drunk with the pride of his power, who casts aside right conduct.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition (found in the vulgate recension).

Verse 19 (1.31.19)

तद्विघातार्थमारम्भो विधिवत्तस्य कश्यप ॥

tadvighātārthamārambho vidhivattasya kaśyapa

It is to bring about his downfall, Kashyapa, that this rite has been begun according to rule.

Note on the text: A single line in Wikisource. Not in the critical edition (found in the vulgate recension).

Verse 20 (1.31.20)

एवमस्त्विति तं चापि प्रत्यूचुः सत्यवादिनः । तान्कश्यप उवाचेदं सान्त्वपूर्वं प्रजापतिः ॥

evamastviti taṃ cāpi pratyūcuḥ satyavādinaḥ | tānkaśyapa uvācedaṃ sāntvapūrvaṃ prajāpatiḥ

"It shall be so," those truthful sages answered him. Then Kashyapa, the lord of creatures, spoke to them gently:

Note on the text: Removed the speaker line सौतिरुवाच and stray wiki marks (।') that Wikisource prints inside the verse; speaker corrected from the Valakhilyas to Sauti accordingly.

Verse 21 (1.31.21)

अयमिन्द्रस्त्रिभुवने नियोगाद्ब्रह्मणः कृतः । इन्द्रार्थे च भवन्तोऽपि यत्नवन्तस्तपोधनाः ॥

ayamindrastribhuvane niyogādbrahmaṇaḥ kṛtaḥ | indrārthe ca bhavanto'pi yatnavantastapodhanāḥ

"This Indra was made lord of the three worlds by Brahma's command, and you too, ascetics, are labouring to bring forth an Indra.

Note on the text: Speaker corrected from the Valakhilyas (carried over) to Sauti, who narrates Kashyapa's words (introduced in the previous verse; no speaker line is printed).

Verse 22 (1.31.22)

न मिथ्या ब्रह्मणो वाक्यं कर्तुमर्हथ सत्तमाः । भवतां हि न मिथ्याऽयं संकल्पो वै चिकीर्षितः ॥

na mithyā brahmaṇo vākyaṃ kartumarhatha sattamāḥ | bhavatāṃ hi na mithyā'yaṃ saṃkalpo vai cikīrṣitaḥ

You should not make Brahma's word false, best of sages; yet this resolve you have undertaken must not prove false either.

Note on the text: Speaker corrected from the Valakhilyas (carried over) to Sauti; Kashyapa's words continue.

Verse 23 (1.31.23)

भवत्वेष पतत्रीणामिन्द्रोऽतिबलसत्त्ववान् । प्रसादः क्रियतामस्य देवराजस्य याचतः ॥

bhavatveṣa patatrīṇāmindro'tibalasattvavān | prasādaḥ kriyatāmasya devarājasya yācataḥ

Let this one be the Indra of winged creatures, of surpassing strength and spirit. Grant your favour to the king of the gods, who begs it of you."

Note on the text: Speaker corrected from the Valakhilyas (carried over) to Sauti; Kashyapa's words continue.

Verse 24 (1.31.24)

एवमुक्ताः कश्यपेन वालखिल्यास्तपोधनाः । प्रत्यूचुरभिसंपूज्य मुनिश्रेष्ठं प्रजापतिम् ॥

evamuktāḥ kaśyapena vālakhilyāstapodhanāḥ | pratyūcurabhisaṃpūjya muniśreṣṭhaṃ prajāpatim

So addressed by Kashyapa, the Valakhilya ascetics paid honour to that best of sages, the lord of creatures, and replied:

Verse 25 (1.31.25)

इन्द्रार्थोऽयं समारम्भः सर्वेषां नः प्रजापते । अपत्यार्थं समारम्भो भवतश्चायमीप्सितः ॥

indrārtho'yaṃ samārambhaḥ sarveṣāṃ naḥ prajāpate | apatyārthaṃ samārambho bhavataścāyamīpsitaḥ

All of us undertook this rite for the sake of an Indra, lord of creatures, and this undertaking of yours was meant to bring you offspring.

Verse 26 (1.31.26)

तदिदं सफलं कर्म त्वयैव प्रतिगृह्यताम् । तथा चैवं विधत्स्वात्र यथा श्रेयोऽनुपश्यसि ॥

tadidaṃ saphalaṃ karma tvayaiva pratigṛhyatām | tathā caivaṃ vidhatsvātra yathā śreyo'nupaśyasi

So take this rite, with its fruit, as yours, and arrange matters here as you see best.

Verse 27 (1.31.27)

एतस्मिन्नेव काले तु देवी दाक्षायणी शुभा । विनता नाम कल्याणी पुत्रकामा यशस्विनी ॥

etasminneva kāle tu devī dākṣāyaṇī śubhā | vinatā nāma kalyāṇī putrakāmā yaśasvinī

At that very time the goddess Vinata, the lovely and auspicious daughter of Daksha, renowned and longing for a son,

Verse 28 (1.31.28)

तपस्तप्त्वा व्रतपरा स्नाता पुंसवने शुचिः । उपचक्राम भर्तारं तामुवाचाथ कश्यपः ॥

tapastaptvā vrataparā snātā puṃsavane śuciḥ | upacakrāma bhartāraṃ tāmuvācātha kaśyapaḥ

having practised austerities and kept her vows, and pure after bathing at the time of the pumsavana rite, came to her husband. Then Kashyapa said to her:

Verse 29 (1.31.29)

आरम्भः सफलो देवि भविता यस्त्वयेप्सितः । जनयिष्यसि पुत्रौ द्वौ वीरौ त्रिभुवनेश्वरौ ॥

ārambhaḥ saphalo devi bhavitā yastvayepsitaḥ | janayiṣyasi putrau dvau vīrau tribhuvaneśvarau

"The undertaking you long for will bear fruit, goddess. You will bear two heroic sons, lords of the three worlds.

Verse 30 (1.31.30)

तपसा वालखिल्यानां मम संकल्पतस्तथा । भविष्यतो महाभागौ पुत्रौ त्रैलोक्यपूजितौ ॥

tapasā vālakhilyānāṃ mama saṃkalpatastathā | bhaviṣyato mahābhāgau putrau trailokyapūjitau

Through the austerity of the Valakhilyas and through my own resolve, two most fortunate sons will be born, honoured throughout the three worlds."

Verse 31 (1.31.31)

उवाच चैनां भगवान्कश्यपः पुनरेव ह । धार्यतामप्रमादेन गर्भोऽयं सुमहोदयः ॥

uvāca caināṃ bhagavānkaśyapaḥ punareva ha | dhāryatāmapramādena garbho'yaṃ sumahodayaḥ

And the blessed Kashyapa spoke to her once more: "Carry this embryo of great destiny with care.

Verse 32 (1.31.32)

एकः सर्वपतत्रीणामिन्द्रत्वं कारयिष्यति । लोकसंभावितो वीरः कामरूपो विहङ्गमः ॥

ekaḥ sarvapatatrīṇāmindratvaṃ kārayiṣyati | lokasaṃbhāvito vīraḥ kāmarūpo vihaṅgamaḥ

One of them will rule as Indra over all winged creatures, a hero honoured by the worlds, a bird who takes whatever form he wishes."

Verse 33 (1.31.33)

शतक्रतुमथोवाच प्रीयमाणः प्रजापतिः । त्वत्सहायौ महावीर्यौ भ्रातरौ ते भविष्यतः ॥

śatakratumathovāca prīyamāṇaḥ prajāpatiḥ | tvatsahāyau mahāvīryau bhrātarau te bhaviṣyataḥ

Then the lord of creatures, well pleased, said to Shatakratu: "These two brothers of yours, of great valour, will be your allies.

Verse 34 (1.31.34)

नैताभ्यां भविता दोषः सकाशात्ते पुरंदर । व्येतु ते शक्र संतापस्त्वमेवेन्द्रो भविष्यसि ॥

naitābhyāṃ bhavitā doṣaḥ sakāśātte puraṃdara | vyetu te śakra saṃtāpastvamevendro bhaviṣyasi

No harm will come to you from them, Puramdara. Let your distress pass, Shakra; you alone will be Indra.

Verse 35 (1.31.35)

न चाप्येवं त्वया भूयः क्षेप्तव्या ब्रह्मवादिनः । न चावमान्या दर्पात्ते वाग्वज्रा भृशकोपनाः ॥

na cāpyevaṃ tvayā bhūyaḥ kṣeptavyā brahmavādinaḥ | na cāvamānyā darpātte vāgvajrā bhṛśakopanāḥ

But never again must you insult those who speak of Brahman, nor scorn them in your pride; their words are thunderbolts and their anger is fierce."

Verse 36 (1.31.36)

एवमुक्तो जगामेन्द्रो निर्विशङ्कस्त्रिविष्टपम् । विनता चापि सिद्धार्था बभूव मुदिता तथा ॥

evamukto jagāmendro nirviśaṅkastriviṣṭapam | vinatā cāpi siddhārthā babhūva muditā tathā

So addressed, Indra went back to heaven free of fear, and Vinata too was glad, her wish fulfilled.

Verse 37 (1.31.37)

जनयामास पुत्रौ द्वावरुणं गरुडं तथा । विकलाङ्गोऽरुणस्तत्र भास्करस्य पुरःसरः ॥

janayāmāsa putrau dvāvaruṇaṃ garuḍaṃ tathā | vikalāṅgo'ruṇastatra bhāskarasya puraḥsaraḥ

She bore two sons, Aruna and Garuda. Of the two, Aruna, whose body was left incomplete, became the forerunner of the sun.

Verse 38 (1.31.38)

पतत्त्रीणां च गरुडमिन्द्रत्वेनाभ्यषिञ्चत । तस्यैतत्कर्म सुमहच्छ्रूयतां भृगुनन्दन ॥

patattrīṇāṃ ca garuḍamindratvenābhyaṣiñcata | tasyaitatkarma sumahacchrūyatāṃ bhṛgunandana

And Garuda was anointed as Indra of the birds. Now hear this great deed of his, descendant of Bhrigu.