Angiras on the Fruits of Fasting

Verse 1 (13.163.1)

सर्वेषामेव वर्णानां म्लेच्छानां च पितामह । उपवासे मतिरियं कारणं च न विद्महे ॥

sarveṣāmeva varṇānāṃ mlecchānāṃ ca pitāmaha | upavāse matiriyaṃ kāraṇaṃ ca na vidmahe

Grandfather, among all the classes of people, and even among the foreigners, there is this inclination toward fasting, and we do not know the reason for it.

Verse 2 (13.163.2)

ब्रह्मक्षत्रेण नियमाः कर्तव्या इति नः श्रुतम् । उपवासे कथं तेषां कृतमस्ति पितामह ॥

brahmakṣatreṇa niyamāḥ kartavyā iti naḥ śrutam | upavāse kathaṃ teṣāṃ kṛtamasti pitāmaha

We have heard that Brahmins and Kshatriyas must keep observances. Grandfather, how is fasting to be done by them?

Note on the text: Line 2 reads उपवासे कथं तेषां कृतमस्ति against CE 2c upavāse kathaṃ teṣāṃ kṛtyam asti (recension variant, Wikisource reading kept).

Verse 3 (13.163.3)

नियमांश्चोपवासांश्च सर्वेषां ब्रूहि पार्थिव । आप्नोति कां गतिं तात उपवासपरायणः ॥

niyamāṃścopavāsāṃśca sarveṣāṃ brūhi pārthiva | āpnoti kāṃ gatiṃ tāta upavāsaparāyaṇaḥ

Tell me, O king, the observances and the fasts of all. What state does a man reach who is devoted to fasting, my dear?

Note on the text: Wikisource reads नियमांश्चोपवासांश्च सर्वेषां and आप्नोति कां गतिं against CE 3a niyamaṃ copavāsānāṃ sarveṣāṃ and avāpnoti gatiṃ kāṃ ca (recension variants).

Verse 4 (13.163.4)

उपवासः परं पुण्यं पवित्रमपि चोत्तमम् । उपोष्येह नरश्रेष्ठ किं फलं प्रतिपद्यते ॥

upavāsaḥ paraṃ puṇyaṃ pavitramapi cottamam | upoṣyeha naraśreṣṭha kiṃ phalaṃ pratipadyate

Fasting is the highest merit and the best of purifiers. O best of men, what fruit does one gain here after fasting?

Note on the text: Line 1 reads उपवासः परं पुण्यं पवित्रमपि चोत्तमम् against CE 4a upavāsaḥ paraṃ puṇyam upavāsaḥ parāyaṇam (recension variant).

Verse 5 (13.163.5)

अधर्मान्मुच्यते केन धर्ममाप्नोति वा कथम् । स्वर्गं पुण्यं च लभते कथं भरतसत्तम ॥

adharmānmucyate kena dharmamāpnoti vā katham | svargaṃ puṇyaṃ ca labhate kathaṃ bharatasattama

By what is one freed from adharma, and how does one gain dharma? How does one gain heaven and merit, O best of the Bharatas?

Note on the text: Line 1 reads अधर्मान्मुच्यते केन धर्ममाप्नोति वा कथम् against CE 5a adharmān mucyate kena dharmam āpnoti vai katham (recension variant).

Verse 6 (13.163.6)

उपोष्य चापि किं तेन प्रयोज्यं स्यान्नराधिप । धर्मेण च सुखानर्थाँल्लभेद्येन ब्रवीहि मे ॥

upoṣya cāpi kiṃ tena prayojyaṃ syānnarādhipa | dharmeṇa ca sukhānarthām̐llabhedyena bravīhi me

And having fasted, O lord of men, what should one then do, so that through dharma one gains pleasures and riches? Tell me that.

Note on the text: Line 1 reads उपोष्य चापि किं तेन प्रयोज्यं स्यात् against CE 6a upoṣya cāpi kiṃ tena pradeyaṃ syāt, and line 2 ends ब्रवीहि मे against CE bravīhi tam (recension variants).

Verse 7 (13.163.7)

एवं ब्रुवाणं कौन्तेयं धर्मज्ञं धर्मतत्त्ववित् । धर्मपुत्रमिदं वाक्यं भीष्मः शान्तनवोऽब्रवीत् ॥

evaṃ bruvāṇaṃ kaunteyaṃ dharmajñaṃ dharmatattvavit | dharmaputramidaṃ vākyaṃ bhīṣmaḥ śāntanavo'bravīt

To Kunti's son, who spoke thus, the knower of dharma, Bhishma, son of Shantanu, versed in the essence of dharma, addressed these words to the son of Dharma.

Verse 8 (13.163.8)

इदं खलु महाराज श्रुतमासीत्पुरातनम् । उपवासविधौ श्रेष्ठा गुणा ये भरतर्षभ ॥

idaṃ khalu mahārāja śrutamāsītpurātanam | upavāsavidhau śreṣṭhā guṇā ye bharatarṣabha

O great king, this ancient lore was once heard by me: the excellent merits that lie in the rule of fasting, O best of the Bharatas.

Note on the text: Corrected उपावासविधौ → उपवासविधौ (misprint in Wikisource; CE upavāsavidhau). The page prints this verse under Vaishampayana's heading, but it is Bhishma's own speech to Yudhishthira; speaker made Bhishma.

Verse 9 (13.163.9)

प्राजापत्यमाङ्गिरसं पृष्टवानस्मि भारत । यथा मां त्वं तथैवाहं पृष्टवांस्तं तपोधनम् ॥

prājāpatyamāṅgirasaṃ pṛṣṭavānasmi bhārata | yathā māṃ tvaṃ tathaivāhaṃ pṛṣṭavāṃstaṃ tapodhanam

I questioned Angiras, the descendant of Prajapati, O Bharata, just as you now question me; so I asked that sage rich in austerity.

Note on the text: Wikisource reads प्राजापत्यमाङ्गिरसं पृष्टवानस्मि against CE 9a prājāpatyaṃ hy aṅgirasaṃ pṛṣṭavān asmi (recension variant). No speaker heading intervenes after Vaishampayana's at verse 7, but these verses are Bhishma's speech; speaker made Bhishma.

Verse 10 (13.163.10)

प्रश्नमेतं मया पृष्टो भगवानग्निसम्भवः । उपवासविधिं पुण्यमाचष्ट भरतर्षभ ॥

praśnametaṃ mayā pṛṣṭo bhagavānagnisambhavaḥ | upavāsavidhiṃ puṇyamācaṣṭa bharatarṣabha

When I put this question to him, the blessed one, born of fire, set forth the holy rule of fasting, O best of the Bharatas.

Note on the text: Bhishma's speech, though no heading follows Vaishampayana's at verse 7; speaker made Bhishma.

Verse 11 (13.163.11)

ब्रह्मक्षत्रे त्रिरात्रं तु विहितं कुरुनन्दन । द्विस्त्रिरात्रमथैकाहं निर्दिष्टं पुरुषर्षभ ॥

brahmakṣatre trirātraṃ tu vihitaṃ kurunandana | dvistrirātramathaikāhaṃ nirdiṣṭaṃ puruṣarṣabha

For Brahmins and Kshatriyas a fast of three nights is laid down, O delight of the Kurus; a fast of twice three nights and a fast of one day are also prescribed, O best of men.

Note on the text: Line 2 reads द्विस्त्रिरात्रमथैकाहं against CE 11c dvistrirātram athaivātra (recension variant).

Verse 12 (13.163.12)

वैश्याः शूद्राश्च यन्मोहादुपवासं प्रकुर्वते । त्रिरात्रं वा द्विरात्रं वा तयोर्व्युष्टिर्न विद्यते ॥

vaiśyāḥ śūdrāśca yanmohādupavāsaṃ prakurvate | trirātraṃ vā dvirātraṃ vā tayorvyuṣṭirna vidyate

As for Vaishyas and Shudras who undertake a fast out of folly, whether of three nights or of two nights, there is no fruit for them.

Note on the text: Corrected द्विराइत्रं → द्विरात्रं (misprint in Wikisource; a stray इ in the conjunct). The CE verse 13.109.12 words the lines differently (vaiśyaśūdrau tu yau mohād upavāsaṃ prakurvate / trirātraṃ dvistrirātraṃ vā tayoḥ puṣṭir na vidyate); recension variant.

Verse 13 (13.163.13)

चतुर्थभक्तक्षपणं वैश्ये शूद्रे विधीयते । त्रिरात्रं न तु धर्मज्ञैर्विहितं ब्रह्मवादिभिः ॥

caturthabhaktakṣapaṇaṃ vaiśye śūdre vidhīyate | trirātraṃ na tu dharmajñairvihitaṃ brahmavādibhiḥ

For a Vaishya or a Shudra the fast of the fourth mealtime is ordained; a three-night fast is not prescribed for them by those who know dharma and speak of Brahman.

Verse 14 (13.163.14)

पञ्चम्यां वाऽपि षष्ठ्यां च पौर्णमास्यां च भारत । उपोष्य एकभक्तेन नियतात्मा जितेन्द्रियः ॥

pañcamyāṃ vā'pi ṣaṣṭhyāṃ ca paurṇamāsyāṃ ca bhārata | upoṣya ekabhaktena niyatātmā jitendriyaḥ

On the fifth day, the sixth, and the full-moon day, O Bharata, a man who fasts and eats a single meal, with a controlled self and subdued senses,

Note on the text: Line 1 = CE 14a; line 2 = CE star passage *0526_01 (after 14a).

Verse 15 (13.163.15)

क्षमावान्रूपसम्पन्नः सुरभिश्चैव जायते । नानपत्यो भवेत्प्राज्ञो दरिद्रो वा कदाचन ॥

kṣamāvānrūpasampannaḥ surabhiścaiva jāyate | nānapatyo bhavetprājño daridro vā kadācana

is born patient, endowed with beauty, and sweet-scented. A wise man is never childless or poor.

Note on the text: Line 1 = CE 14c (reading सुरभिश्चैव against CE śrutavāṃś caiva, a recension variant); line 2 = CE 15a.

Verse 16 (13.163.16)

यजिष्णुः पञ्चमीं षष्ठीं कुले भोजयते द्विजान् । अष्टमीमथ कौरव्य कृष्णपक्षे चतुर्दशीम् । उपोष्य व्याधिरहितो वीर्यवानभिजायते ॥

yajiṣṇuḥ pañcamīṃ ṣaṣṭhīṃ kule bhojayate dvijān | aṣṭamīmatha kauravya kṛṣṇapakṣe caturdaśīm | upoṣya vyādhirahito vīryavānabhijāyate

A man devoted to worship feeds brahmins in his household on the fifth and sixth days; and fasting on the eighth, and on the fourteenth of the dark fortnight, O Kauravya, he is born free of disease and full of vigour.

Note on the text: Line 1 = CE 15c (recension variant: कुले भोजयते against yo bhojayed); line 2 = CE 16a (कौरव्य and कृष्णपक्षे against CE kaunteya and śuklapakṣe); line 3 = CE 16c.

Verse 17 (13.163.17)

मार्गशीर्षं तु वै मासमेकभक्तेन यः क्षिपेत् । भोजयेच्च द्विजाञ्शक्त्या स मुच्येद्व्याधिकिल्बिषैः ॥

mārgaśīrṣaṃ tu vai māsamekabhaktena yaḥ kṣipet | bhojayecca dvijāñśaktyā sa mucyedvyādhikilbiṣaiḥ

A man who passes the month of Margashirsha on a single meal a day, and feeds brahmins as far as his means allow, is freed from the taints of disease.

Note on the text: Line 2 reads द्विजाञ्शक्त्या against CE 17c dvijān bhaktyā (recension variant).

Verse 18 (13.163.18)

सर्वकल्याणसम्पूर्णः सर्वौषधिसमन्वितः । कृषिभागी बहुधनो बहुधान्यश्च जायते ॥

sarvakalyāṇasampūrṇaḥ sarvauṣadhisamanvitaḥ | kṛṣibhāgī bahudhano bahudhānyaśca jāyate

He is born complete in every blessing, supplied with all herbs, a sharer in the harvest, rich in wealth and in grain.

Note on the text: Line 2 reads बहुधान्यश्च against CE 18c bahuputraś ca (recension variant).

Verse 19 (13.163.19)

पौषमासं तु कौन्तेय भक्तेनैकेन यः क्षिपेत् । सुभगो दर्शनीयश्च यशोभागी च जायते ॥

pauṣamāsaṃ tu kaunteya bhaktenaikena yaḥ kṣipet | subhago darśanīyaśca yaśobhāgī ca jāyate

A man who passes the month of Pausha on a single meal, O son of Kunti, is born fortunate, good to look at, and a sharer in fame.

Verse 20 (13.163.20)

पितृभक्तो माघमासं यः क्षिपेदेकभोजनः । श्रीमत्कुले ज्ञातिमध्ये सुभगत्वं प्रपद्यते ॥

pitṛbhakto māghamāsaṃ yaḥ kṣipedekabhojanaḥ | śrīmatkule jñātimadhye subhagatvaṃ prapadyate

A man devoted to his ancestors who passes the month of Magha on one meal a day gains good fortune in a prosperous family and among his kin.

Note on the text: Wikisource reads यः क्षिपेदेकभोजनः and सुभगत्वं प्रपद्यते against CE 20a ekabhaktena yaḥ kṣapet and 20c sa mahattvaṃ prapadyate (recension variants).

Verse 21 (13.163.21)

भगदैवतमासं तु एकभक्तेन यः क्षिपेत् । सुभगो दर्शनीयश्च यशोभागी च जायते । स्त्रीषु वल्लभतां याति वश्याश्चास्य भवन्ति ताः ॥

bhagadaivatamāsaṃ tu ekabhaktena yaḥ kṣipet | subhago darśanīyaśca yaśobhāgī ca jāyate | strīṣu vallabhatāṃ yāti vaśyāścāsya bhavanti tāḥ

A man who passes the month of Bhaga's deity on a single meal is born fortunate, good to look at, and a sharer in fame. He becomes dear among women, and they come under his sway.

Note on the text: Removed a stray backtick before line 2. Line 1 reads भगदैवतमासं तु एकभक्तेन against CE 21a bhagadaivaṃ tu yo māsam ekabhaktena; line 2 repeats verse 19's second line and is not in the CE here (vulgate-only repetition); line 3 = CE 21c.

Verse 22 (13.163.22)

चैत्रं तु नियतो मासमेकभक्तेन यः क्षिपेत् । सुवर्णमणिमुक्ताढ्ये कुले महति जायते ॥

caitraṃ tu niyato māsamekabhaktena yaḥ kṣipet | suvarṇamaṇimuktāḍhye kule mahati jāyate

A self-controlled man who passes the month of Chaitra on a single meal is born in a great family rich in gold, jewels and pearls.

Verse 23 (13.163.23)

निस्तरेदेकभक्तेन वैशाखं यो जितेन्द्रियः । नरो वा यदि वा नरी ज्ञातीनां श्रेष्ठतां व्रजेत् ॥

nistaredekabhaktena vaiśākhaṃ yo jitendriyaḥ | naro vā yadi vā narī jñātīnāṃ śreṣṭhatāṃ vrajet

A man or woman of subdued senses who gets through the month of Vaishakha on a single meal attains pre-eminence among kinsfolk.

Verse 24 (13.163.24)

ज्येष्ठामूलं तु यो मासमेकभक्तेन संक्षिपेत् । ऐश्वर्यमतुलं श्रेष्ठं पुमान्स्त्री वा प्रपद्यते ॥

jyeṣṭhāmūlaṃ tu yo māsamekabhaktena saṃkṣipet | aiśvaryamatulaṃ śreṣṭhaṃ pumānstrī vā prapadyate

A man or a woman who spends the month of Jyeshtha on a single meal attains an unequalled and excellent lordship.

Note on the text: Wikisource reads श्रेष्ठं पुमान्स्त्री वा प्रपद्यते against CE 24c śreṣṭhaṃ pumān strī vābhijāyate (recension variant).

Verse 25 (13.163.25)

आषाढमेकभक्तेन स्थित्वा मासमतन्द्रितः । बहुधान्यो बहुधनो बहुपुत्रश्च जायते ॥

āṣāḍhamekabhaktena sthitvā māsamatandritaḥ | bahudhānyo bahudhano bahuputraśca jāyate

A man who remains through the month of Ashadha on a single meal, unwearied, is born with much grain, much wealth and many sons.

Verse 26 (13.163.26)

श्रावणं नियतो मासमेकभक्तेन यः क्षिपेत् । रूपद्रविणसम्पन्नः सुखी भवति नित्यशः । बहुभार्यो बहुधनो बहुपुत्रश्च जायते ॥

śrāvaṇaṃ niyato māsamekabhaktena yaḥ kṣipet | rūpadraviṇasampannaḥ sukhī bhavati nityaśaḥ | bahubhāryo bahudhano bahuputraśca jāyate

A self-controlled man who passes the month of Shravana on a single meal becomes rich in beauty and wealth and is ever happy. He is born with many wives, much wealth and many sons.

Note on the text: Corrected बहुपुत्रश्चि → बहुपुत्रश्च (misprint in Wikisource). Line 1 = CE 26a; line 2 = CE star passage *0527_01 (after 26a); line 3 is not in the CE (it replaces CE 26c yatra tatrābhiṣekeṇa…; vulgate-only wording).

Verse 27 (13.163.27)

प्रौष्ठपादं तु यो मासमेकाहारो भवेन्नरः । गवाढ्यं स्फीतमचलमैश्वर्यं प्रतिपद्यते ॥

prauṣṭhapādaṃ tu yo māsamekāhāro bhavennaraḥ | gavāḍhyaṃ sphītamacalamaiśvaryaṃ pratipadyate

A man who eats once a day through the month of Proshthapada attains a lordship rich in cattle, flourishing and unshaken.

Note on the text: Wikisource reads गवाढ्यं against CE 27c dhanāḍhyaṃ (recension variant).

Verse 28 (13.163.28)

तथैवाश्वयुजं मासमेकभक्तेन यः क्षिपेत् । प्रज्ञावान्वाहनाढ्यश्च बहुपुत्रश्च जायते ॥

tathaivāśvayujaṃ māsamekabhaktena yaḥ kṣipet | prajñāvānvāhanāḍhyaśca bahuputraśca jāyate

Likewise one who passes the month of Ashvayuja on a single meal is born wise, rich in vehicles, and with many sons.

Note on the text: Wikisource reads प्रज्ञावान् against CE 28c prajāvān (recension variant; the page's commentary records a further variant).

Verse 29 (13.163.29)

कार्तिकं तु नरो मासं यः कुर्यादेकभोजनम् । शूरश्च बहुभार्यश्च कीर्तिमांश्चैव जायते ॥

kārtikaṃ tu naro māsaṃ yaḥ kuryādekabhojanam | śūraśca bahubhāryaśca kīrtimāṃścaiva jāyate

A man who takes a single meal a day through the month of Kartika is born brave, with many wives, and renowned.

Verse 30 (13.163.30)

इति मासा नरव्याघ्र क्षिपतां परिकीर्तिताः । तिथीनां नियमा ये तु शृणु तानपि पार्थिव ॥

iti māsā naravyāghra kṣipatāṃ parikīrtitāḥ | tithīnāṃ niyamā ye tu śṛṇu tānapi pārthiva

Thus, O tiger among men, the months have been declared for those who pass them in this way. Now hear also, O king, the rules concerning the lunar days.

Verse 31 (13.163.31)

पक्षेपक्षे गते यस्तु भक्तमश्नाति भारत । गवाढ्यो बहुपुत्रश्च दीर्घायुश्च स जायते ॥

pakṣepakṣe gate yastu bhaktamaśnāti bhārata | gavāḍhyo bahuputraśca dīrghāyuśca sa jāyate

A man who eats a meal only after each fortnight has gone by, O Bharata, is born rich in cattle, with many sons, and long-lived.

Verse 32 (13.163.32)

मासिमासि त्रिरात्राणि कृत्वा वर्षाणि द्वादश । गणाधिपत्यं प्राप्नोति निःसपत्नमनाविलम् ॥

māsimāsi trirātrāṇi kṛtvā varṣāṇi dvādaśa | gaṇādhipatyaṃ prāpnoti niḥsapatnamanāvilam

A man who for twelve years keeps a three-night fast month after month attains lordship over the Ganas, free of rivals and without stain.

Verse 33 (13.163.33)

एते तु नियमाः सर्वे कर्तव्याः शरदो दश । द्वे चान्ये भरतश्रेष्ठ प्रवृत्तिरनुकीर्तिता ॥

ete tu niyamāḥ sarve kartavyāḥ śarado daśa | dve cānye bharataśreṣṭha pravṛttiranukīrtitā

All these rules are to be kept for ten autumns, and two more besides, O best of the Bharatas; thus the course has been described.

Note on the text: Line 2 reads प्रवृत्तिरनुकीर्तिता against CE 33c pravṛttim anuvartatā (recension variant).

Verse 34 (13.163.34)

यस्तु प्रातस्तथा सायं भुञ्जानो नान्तरा पिबेत् । अहिंसानिरतो नित्यं जुह्वानो जातवेदसम् ॥

yastu prātastathā sāyaṃ bhuñjāno nāntarā pibet | ahiṃsānirato nityaṃ juhvāno jātavedasam

A man who eats in the morning and again in the evening and drinks nothing in between, who is ever devoted to non-violence and pours offerings into the fire,

Verse 35 (13.163.35)

षड्भिः स वर्षैर्नृपते सिध्यते नात्र संशयः । अग्निष्टोमस्य यज्ञस्य फलं प्राप्नोति मानवः ॥

ṣaḍbhiḥ sa varṣairnṛpate sidhyate nātra saṃśayaḥ | agniṣṭomasya yajñasya phalaṃ prāpnoti mānavaḥ

attains perfection in six years, O king, without any doubt; that man gains the fruit of the Agnishtoma sacrifice.

Note on the text: Corrected नाइत्र → नात्र (misprint in Wikisource; a stray इ in the conjunct).

Verse 36 (13.163.36)

अधिवासे सोप्सरसां नृत्यगीतविनादिते । रमते स्त्रीसहस्राढ्ये सुकृती विरजा नरः ॥

adhivāse sopsarasāṃ nṛtyagītavinādite | ramate strīsahasrāḍhye sukṛtī virajā naraḥ

In the abode of the Apsarases, resounding with dance and song, that man, virtuous and free of dust, delights in a hall rich in thousands of women.

Note on the text: Corrected सुकुती → सुकृती (misprint in Wikisource; CE sukṛtī). Line 1 = CE 36a; line 2 = CE star passage *0529_01 (after 36a).

Verse 37 (13.163.37)

तप्तकाञ्चनवर्णाभं विमानमधिरोहति । पूर्णं वर्षसहस्रं च ब्रह्मलोके महीयते । तत्क्षयादिह चागम्य माहात्म्यं प्रतिपद्यते ॥

taptakāñcanavarṇābhaṃ vimānamadhirohati | pūrṇaṃ varṣasahasraṃ ca brahmaloke mahīyate | tatkṣayādiha cāgamya māhātmyaṃ pratipadyate

He mounts a chariot shining like molten gold. For a full thousand years he is honoured in the world of Brahma; when that is exhausted he returns here and attains greatness.

Note on the text: Corrected ब्रह्मिलोके → ब्रह्मलोके (misprint in Wikisource; CE brahmaloke). Line 1 = CE 36c; line 2 = CE 37a (पूर्णं वर्षसहस्रं च against CE pūrṇaṃ varṣasahasraṃ tu); line 3 = CE 37c.

Verse 38 (13.163.38)

यस्तु संवत्सरं पूर्णमेकाहारो भवेन्नरः । अतिरात्रस्य यज्ञस्य स फलं समुपाश्नुते ॥

yastu saṃvatsaraṃ pūrṇamekāhāro bhavennaraḥ | atirātrasya yajñasya sa phalaṃ samupāśnute

A man who eats a single meal a day for a full year gains the fruit of the Atiratra sacrifice.

Verse 39 (13.163.39)

त्रिंशद्वर्षसहस्राणि स्वर्गे च स महीयते । तत्क्षयादिह चागम्य माहात्म्यं प्रतिपद्यते ॥

triṃśadvarṣasahasrāṇi svarge ca sa mahīyate | tatkṣayādiha cāgamya māhātmyaṃ pratipadyate

He is honoured in heaven for thirty thousand years; when that is exhausted he returns here and attains greatness.

Note on the text: Wikisource reads त्रिंशद्वर्षसहस्राणि against CE 39a daśavarṣasahasrāṇi (recension variant).

Verse 40 (13.163.40)

यस्तु संवत्सरं पूर्णं चतुर्थं भक्तमश्नुते । अहिंसानिरतो नित्यं सत्यवाग्विजितेन्द्रियः ॥

yastu saṃvatsaraṃ pūrṇaṃ caturthaṃ bhaktamaśnute | ahiṃsānirato nityaṃ satyavāgvijitendriyaḥ

A man who for a full year eats only at the fourth mealtime, ever devoted to non-violence, truthful in speech, with his senses subdued,

Note on the text: Wikisource reads सत्यवाग्विजितेन्द्रियः against CE 40c satyavāṅ niyatendriyaḥ (recension variant).

Verse 41 (13.163.41)

वाजपेयस्य यज्ञस्य स फलं समुपाश्नुते । त्रिंशद्वर्षसहस्राणि स्वर्गलोके महीयते ॥

vājapeyasya yajñasya sa phalaṃ samupāśnute | triṃśadvarṣasahasrāṇi svargaloke mahīyate

gains the fruit of the Vajapeya sacrifice, and is honoured in the world of heaven for thirty thousand years.

Note on the text: Wikisource reads स फलं against CE 41a phalaṃ vai (recension variant).

Verse 42 (13.163.42)

षष्ठे काले तु कौन्तेय नरः संवत्सरं क्षिपन् । अश्वमेधस्य यज्ञस्य फलं प्राप्नोति मानवः ॥

ṣaṣṭhe kāle tu kaunteya naraḥ saṃvatsaraṃ kṣipan | aśvamedhasya yajñasya phalaṃ prāpnoti mānavaḥ

A man who spends a year, O son of Kunti, eating only at the sixth mealtime gains the fruit of the Ashvamedha sacrifice.

Note on the text: Wikisource reads क्षिपन् against CE 42a kṣapet in line 1 (recension variant).

Verse 43 (13.163.43)

चक्रवाकप्रयुक्तेन विमानेन स गच्छति । चत्वारिंशत्सहस्राणि वर्षाणि दिवि मोदते ॥

cakravākaprayuktena vimānena sa gacchati | catvāriṃśatsahasrāṇi varṣāṇi divi modate

He goes in a chariot drawn by chakravaka birds and rejoices in heaven for forty thousand years.

Verse 44 (13.163.44)

अष्टमेन तु भक्तेन जीवन्संवत्सरं नृप । गवामयनयज्ञस्य फलं प्राप्नोति मानवः ॥

aṣṭamena tu bhaktena jīvansaṃvatsaraṃ nṛpa | gavāmayanayajñasya phalaṃ prāpnoti mānavaḥ

A man who lives through a year eating only at the eighth mealtime, O king, gains the fruit of the Gavamayana sacrifice.

Verse 45 (13.163.45)

हंससारसयुक्तेन विमानेन स गच्छति । पञ्चाशतं सहस्राणि वर्षाणां दिवि मोदते ॥

haṃsasārasayuktena vimānena sa gacchati | pañcāśataṃ sahasrāṇi varṣāṇāṃ divi modate

He travels in a chariot yoked with swans and cranes and rejoices in heaven for fifty thousand years.

Verse 46 (13.163.46)

पक्षेपक्षे गते राजन्योऽश्नीयाद्वर्षमेव तु । षण्मासानशनं तस्य भगवानङ्गिराऽब्रवीत् । षष्टिं वर्षसहस्राणि दिवमावसते च सः ॥

pakṣepakṣe gate rājanyo'śnīyādvarṣameva tu | ṣaṇmāsānaśanaṃ tasya bhagavānaṅgirā'bravīt | ṣaṣṭiṃ varṣasahasrāṇi divamāvasate ca saḥ

A man who eats only after each fortnight has passed, O king, and does so for a year, has fasted six months, so the blessed Angiras said; he dwells in heaven for sixty thousand years.

Note on the text: Line 2 names Angiras in the third person, but the CE (13.109.46c) has the same words under the same Angiras heading; heading kept.

Verse 47 (13.163.47)

वीणानां वल्लकीनां च वेणूनां च विशाम्पते । सुघोषैर्मधुरैः शब्दैः सुप्तः स प्रतिबोध्यते ॥

vīṇānāṃ vallakīnāṃ ca veṇūnāṃ ca viśāmpate | sughoṣairmadhuraiḥ śabdaiḥ suptaḥ sa pratibodhyate

O lord of the people, he is woken from sleep by the sweet, resonant sounds of lutes, vallakis and flutes.

Note on the text: Corrected विणानां → वीणानां (misprint in Wikisource; CE vīṇānāṃ). Line 2 reads सुघोषैर्मधुरैः शब्दैः with the same words as CE.

Verse 48 (13.163.48)

संवत्सरमिहैकं तु मासिमासि पिबेदपः । फलं विश्वजितस्तात प्राप्नोति स नरो नृप ॥

saṃvatsaramihaikaṃ tu māsimāsi pibedapaḥ | phalaṃ viśvajitastāta prāpnoti sa naro nṛpa

A man who for a single year here drinks only water, month after month, gains the fruit of the Vishvajit sacrifice, my dear, O king.

Note on the text: Wikisource reads पिबेदपः against CE 48a pibet payaḥ (recension variant).

Verse 49 (13.163.49)

सिंहव्याघ्रप्रयुक्तेन विमानेन स गच्छति । सप्ततिं च सहस्राणि वर्षाणां दिवि मोदते ॥

siṃhavyāghraprayuktena vimānena sa gacchati | saptatiṃ ca sahasrāṇi varṣāṇāṃ divi modate

He goes in a chariot drawn by lions and tigers and rejoices in heaven for seventy thousand years.

Verse 50 (13.163.50)

मासादूर्ध्वं नरव्याघ्र नोपवासो विधीयते । विधिं त्वनशनस्याहुः पार्थ धर्मविदो जनाः ॥

māsādūrdhvaṃ naravyāghra nopavāso vidhīyate | vidhiṃ tvanaśanasyāhuḥ pārtha dharmavido janāḥ

A fast beyond a month is not prescribed, O tiger among men. Those who know dharma, O Partha, state the rule only for the fast unto death.

Verse 51 (13.163.51)

अनार्तो व्याधिरहितो गच्छेदनशनं तु यः । पदेपदे यज्ञफलं स प्राप्नोति न संशयः ॥

anārto vyādhirahito gacchedanaśanaṃ tu yaḥ | padepade yajñaphalaṃ sa prāpnoti na saṃśayaḥ

A man who, though neither afflicted nor ill, undertakes the fast unto death gains the fruit of a sacrifice at every step; there is no doubt of it.

Verse 52 (13.163.52)

दिवं हंसप्रयुक्तेन विमानेन स गच्छति । शतं वर्षसहस्राणां मोदते स दिवि प्रभो ॥

divaṃ haṃsaprayuktena vimānena sa gacchati | śataṃ varṣasahasrāṇāṃ modate sa divi prabho

He goes to heaven in a chariot yoked with swans, and rejoices there, O lord, for a hundred thousand years.

Note on the text: Line 1 = CE 52a; line 2 = CE 53c (Wikisource has it here, and again as the first line of verse 54).

Verse 53 (13.163.53)

शतं चाप्सरसः कन्या रमयन्त्यपि तं नरम् । आर्तो वा व्याधितो वाऽपि गच्छेदनशनं तु यः ॥

śataṃ cāpsarasaḥ kanyā ramayantyapi taṃ naram | ārto vā vyādhito vā'pi gacchedanaśanaṃ tu yaḥ

A hundred Apsara maidens delight that man. And one who, though afflicted or ill, undertakes the fast unto death

Note on the text: Line 1 = CE 52c; line 2 = CE 53a.

Verse 54 (13.163.54)

शतं वर्षसहस्राणां मोदते स दिवि प्रभो । काञ्चीनूपुरशब्देन सुप्तश्चैव प्रबोध्यते ॥

śataṃ varṣasahasrāṇāṃ modate sa divi prabho | kāñcīnūpuraśabdena suptaścaiva prabodhyate

rejoices in heaven, O lord, for a hundred thousand years, and when asleep is woken by the sound of girdles and anklets.

Note on the text: Line 1 = CE 53c (the same line printed in verse 52 above); line 2 = CE 53e.

Verse 55 (13.163.55)

सहस्रहंसयुक्तेन विमानेन तु गच्छति । स गत्वा स्त्रीशताकीर्णे रमते भरतर्षभ ॥

sahasrahaṃsayuktena vimānena tu gacchati | sa gatvā strīśatākīrṇe ramate bharatarṣabha

He goes in a chariot with a thousand swans, and having gone there he delights among hundreds of women, O best of the Bharatas.

Note on the text: Wikisource reads सहस्रहंसयुक्तेन विमानेन तु गच्छति against CE 54a sahasrahaṃsasaṃyukte vimāne somavarcasi (recension variant); line 2 = CE 54c.

Verse 56 (13.163.56)

क्षीणस्याप्यायनं दृष्टं क्षतस्य क्षतरोहणम् । व्याधितस्यौषधग्रामः क्रुद्धस्य च प्रसादनम् ॥

kṣīṇasyāpyāyanaṃ dṛṣṭaṃ kṣatasya kṣatarohaṇam | vyādhitasyauṣadhagrāmaḥ kruddhasya ca prasādanam

Nourishing the wasted is seen as good, healing the wounded, a store of medicines for the sick, and pacifying the angry,

Verse 57 (13.163.57)

दुःखितस्यार्तपूर्वस्य द्रव्याणां प्रतिपादनम् । न चैतद्रोचते तेषां ये धनैः सुखमेधिताः ॥

duḥkhitasyārtapūrvasya dravyāṇāṃ pratipādanam | na caitadrocate teṣāṃ ye dhanaiḥ sukhamedhitāḥ

and giving goods to one who grieves and has suffered before; yet this does not please those who have grown comfortable on wealth.

Note on the text: Line 1 reads दुःखितस्यार्तपूर्वस्य द्रव्याणां प्रतिपादनम् against CE 56a duḥkhitasyārthamānābhyāṃ dravyāṇāṃ pratipādanam (the page's commentary records the CE-type reading as a variant); line 2 = CE star passage *0530_01 (after 56c).

Verse 58 (13.163.58)

अतः स कामसंयुक्ते विमाने हेमसन्निभे । रमते स्त्रीशताकीर्णे पुरुषोऽलङ्कृतः शुचिः ॥

ataḥ sa kāmasaṃyukte vimāne hemasannibhe | ramate strīśatākīrṇe puruṣo'laṅkṛtaḥ śuciḥ

Therefore that man, adorned and pure, with his desires fulfilled, delights in a gold-bright chariot, filled with hundreds of women.

Note on the text: Wikisource reads शुचिः against CE 57c śubhe (recension variant).

Verse 59 (13.163.59)

स्वस्थः सफलसङ्कल्पः सुखी विगतकल्मषः । अनश्नन्देहमुत्सृज्य फलं प्राप्नोति मानवः ॥

svasthaḥ saphalasaṅkalpaḥ sukhī vigatakalmaṣaḥ | anaśnandehamutsṛjya phalaṃ prāpnoti mānavaḥ

Healthy, his purposes fulfilled, happy, free of sin, a man who leaves the body without eating gains this fruit.

Verse 60 (13.163.60)

बालसूर्यप्रतीकाशे विमाने सोमवर्चसि । वैदूर्यमुक्ताखचिते वीणामुरजनादिते ॥

bālasūryapratīkāśe vimāne somavarcasi | vaidūryamuktākhacite vīṇāmurajanādite

In a chariot like the rising sun, radiant as the moon, studded with lapis lazuli and pearls, resounding with lutes and drums,

Note on the text: Wikisource reads सोमवर्चसि against CE 59a hemavarcasi (recension variant).

Verse 61 (13.163.61)

पताकादीपिकाकीर्णे दिव्यघण्टानिनादिते । स्त्रीसहस्रानुचरिते स नरः सुखमेधते ॥

patākādīpikākīrṇe divyaghaṇṭāninādite | strīsahasrānucarite sa naraḥ sukhamedhate

filled with banners and lamps, ringing with divine bells, and attended by thousands of women, that man prospers in bliss.

Verse 62 (13.163.62)

यावन्ति रोमकूपाणि तस्य गात्रेषु पाण्डव । तावन्त्येव सहस्राणि वर्षाणां दिवि मोदते ॥

yāvanti romakūpāṇi tasya gātreṣu pāṇḍava | tāvantyeva sahasrāṇi varṣāṇāṃ divi modate

As many pores of hair as there are on his body, O Pandava, so many thousands of years he rejoices in heaven.

Verse 63 (13.163.63)

नास्ति वेदात्परं शास्त्रं नास्ति मातृसमो गुरुः । न धर्मात्परमो लाभस्तपो नानशनात्परम् ॥

nāsti vedātparaṃ śāstraṃ nāsti mātṛsamo guruḥ | na dharmātparamo lābhastapo nānaśanātparam

There is no scripture higher than the Veda, no teacher equal to a mother; no gain higher than dharma, and no austerity higher than fasting.

Verse 64 (13.163.64)

ब्राह्मणेभ्यः परं नास्ति पावनं दिवि चेह च । उपवासैस्तथा तुल्यं तपःकर्म न विद्यते ॥

brāhmaṇebhyaḥ paraṃ nāsti pāvanaṃ divi ceha ca | upavāsaistathā tulyaṃ tapaḥkarma na vidyate

There is nothing in heaven or on earth more purifying than brahmins, and no act of austerity is equal to fasting.

Verse 65 (13.163.65)

उपोष्य विधिवद्देवास्त्रिदिवं प्रतिपेदिरे । ऋषयश्च परां सिद्धिमुपवासैरवाप्नुवन् ॥

upoṣya vidhivaddevāstridivaṃ pratipedire | ṛṣayaśca parāṃ siddhimupavāsairavāpnuvan

By fasting in the proper way the gods reached the heaven, and by fasts the sages attained the highest perfection.

Verse 66 (13.163.66)

दिव्यवर्षसहस्राणि विश्वामित्रेण धीमता । क्षान्तमेकेन भक्तेन तेन विप्रत्वमागतम् ॥

divyavarṣasahasrāṇi viśvāmitreṇa dhīmatā | kṣāntamekena bhaktena tena vipratvamāgatam

The wise Vishvamitra endured a divine thousand years on a single meal, and by that he attained the state of a brahmin.

Note on the text: Wikisource reads तेन विप्रत्वमागतम् against CE 65c tena vipratvam āgataḥ (recension variant).

Verse 67 (13.163.67)

च्यवनो जमदग्निश्च वसिष्ठो गौतमो भृगुः । सर्व एव दिवं प्राप्ताः क्षमावन्तो महर्षयः ॥

cyavano jamadagniśca vasiṣṭho gautamo bhṛguḥ | sarva eva divaṃ prāptāḥ kṣamāvanto maharṣayaḥ

Chyavana, Jamadagni, Vasishtha, Gautama and Bhrigu: all these patient great sages reached heaven.

Verse 68 (13.163.68)

इदमङ्गीरसा पूर्वं महर्षिभ्यः प्रदर्शितम् । यः प्रदर्शयते नित्यं न स दुःखमवाप्नुते ॥

idamaṅgīrasā pūrvaṃ maharṣibhyaḥ pradarśitam | yaḥ pradarśayate nityaṃ na sa duḥkhamavāpnute

This was shown long ago by Angiras to the great sages; whoever keeps showing it never meets with sorrow.

Note on the text: Angiras is spoken of in the third person here and to the end of the chapter, so these verses are Bhishma's closing words, not Angiras's; speaker made Bhishma (the page carries the Angiras heading over).

Verse 69 (13.163.69)

इमं तु कौन्तेय यथाक्रमं विधिं प्रवर्तितं ह्यङ्गिरसा महर्षिणा । पठेच्च यो वै शृणुयाच्च नित्यदा न विद्यते तस्य नरस्य किल्बिषम् ॥

imaṃ tu kaunteya yathākramaṃ vidhiṃ pravartitaṃ hyaṅgirasā maharṣiṇā | paṭhecca yo vai śṛṇuyācca nityadā na vidyate tasya narasya kilbiṣam

He who reads, or ever hears, this rule, O son of Kunti, in due order, as set forth by the great sage Angiras, has no sin left in him.

Note on the text: The page prints four pāda-lines (a-d); joined into two half-verse lines as in the CE, words unchanged. Printed under Angiras's heading, but Angiras is named in the third person; speaker made Bhishma.

Verse 70 (13.163.70)

विमुच्यते चापि स सर्वसङ्करैर्न चास्य दोषैरभिभूयते मनः । वियोनिजानां च विजानते रुतं ध्रुवां च कीर्तिं लभते नरोत्तमः ॥

vimucyate cāpi sa sarvasaṅkarairna cāsya doṣairabhibhūyate manaḥ | viyonijānāṃ ca vijānate rutaṃ dhruvāṃ ca kīrtiṃ labhate narottamaḥ

He is freed from all mixtures, his mind is not overcome by faults, he comes to understand the cries of creatures born of other wombs, and that best of men gains lasting fame.

Note on the text: The page breaks the word सर्वसङ्करै-र्न across a line; rejoined as सर्वसङ्करैर्न and the four pāda-lines joined into two half-verse lines, words unchanged (CE 13.109.69). Printed under Angiras's heading, but this is Bhishma's closing; speaker made Bhishma.