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Anushasana Parva · Adhyaya 187

The Brahmin and the Rakshasa: Winning by Gentle Words

Yudhishthira asks whether conciliation or giving is the better means. Bhishma says it depends on the person, and tells an old tale: a wise brahmin, seized in a forest by a rakshasa, answers gently and without fear the rakshasa's question why he is pale and gaunt, listing many possible causes of grief. Pleased, the rakshasa honours him, makes him his companion and lets him go.

Adhyaya 186All adhyayasAdhyaya 188

युधिष्ठिर उवाच · Yudhishthira said

Verse 1 (13.187.1)

साम्नि चापि प्रदानेन च ज्यायः किं भवतो मतम् । प्रब्रूहि भरतश्रेष्ठ यदत्र व्यतिरिच्यते ॥

sāmni cāpi pradānena ca jyāyaḥ kiṃ bhavato matam | prabrūhi bharataśreṣṭha yadatra vyatiricyate

Which do you hold to be better, O best of the Bharatas: conciliation or giving? Tell me which of the two prevails here.

Note on the text: Wikisource reads साम्नि चापि प्रदानेन च against CE 1a sāmnā vāpi pradāne vā (recension variant, kept). The alignment found no match.

भीष्म उवाच · Bhishma said

Verse 2 (13.187.2)

साम्ना प्रसाद्यते कश्चिद्दानेन च तथाऽपरः । पौरुषीं प्रकृतिं ज्ञात्वा तयोरेकतरं भजेत् ॥

sāmnā prasādyate kaściddānena ca tathā'paraḥ | pauruṣīṃ prakṛtiṃ jñātvā tayorekataraṃ bhajet

One person is won over by conciliation, another by a gift. Knowing a man's nature, one should use whichever of the two suits him.

Verse 3 (13.187.3)

गुणांस्तु शृणु वैराजन्त्सान्त्वस्य पुरुषर्षभ । दारुणान्यपि भूतानि सान्त्वेनाराधयेद्यथा ॥

guṇāṃstu śṛṇu vairājantsāntvasya puruṣarṣabha | dāruṇānyapi bhūtāni sāntvenārādhayedyathā

Hear, O best of men, the merits of gentle speech, and how even fierce beings can be won over by it.

Note on the text: Wikisource reads गुणांस्तु शृणु वै राजन्सान्त्वस्य पुरुषर्षभ against CE 3a guṇāṃs tu śṛṇu me rājan sāntvasya bharatarṣabha (recension variant, kept). The alignment found no match.

Verse 4 (13.187.4)

अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम् । गृहीत्वा रक्षसा मुक्तो द्विजातिः कानने यथा ॥

atrāpyudāharantīmamitihāsaṃ purātanam | gṛhītvā rakṣasā mukto dvijātiḥ kānane yathā

On this they also tell an old tale: how a twice-born who had been seized in a forest by a rakshasa was set free.

Note on the text: Corrected इदिहासं → इतिहासं (misprint in Wikisource; द for त; CE reads 'itihāsaṃ').

Verse 5 (13.187.5)

कश्चित्तु बुद्धिसम्पन्नो ब्राह्मणो विजने वने । गृहीतः कृच्छ्रमापन्नो रक्षसा भक्षयिष्यता ॥

kaścittu buddhisampanno brāhmaṇo vijane vane | gṛhītaḥ kṛcchramāpanno rakṣasā bhakṣayiṣyatā

A certain brahmin of good understanding, in a lonely forest, was seized by a rakshasa who meant to devour him, and fell into dire distress.

Verse 6 (13.187.6)

सुबुद्धिः श्रुतिसम्पन्नो दृष्ट्वा तमतिभीषणम् । सामैवास्मै प्रयुञ्जानो न मुमोह न विव्यधे ॥

subuddhiḥ śrutisampanno dṛṣṭvā tamatibhīṣaṇam | sāmaivāsmai prayuñjāno na mumoha na vivyadhe

Of good sense and learned in the scriptures, seeing that terrifying being, he used only gentle speech with him, and neither lost his head nor trembled.

Note on the text: Wikisource reads सुबुद्धिः श्रुतिसम्पन्नो दृष्ट्वा तमतिभीषणम् against CE 6a sa buddhiśrutasaṃpannas taṃ dṛṣṭvātīva bhīṣaṇam (recension variant, kept). The alignment found no match.

Verse 7 (13.187.7)

रक्षस्तु वाचा सम्पूज्य प्रश्नं पप्रच्छ तं द्विजम् । मोक्ष्यसे ब्रूहि मे प्रश्नं केनास्मि हरिणः कृशः ॥

rakṣastu vācā sampūjya praśnaṃ papraccha taṃ dvijam | mokṣyase brūhi me praśnaṃ kenāsmi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

The rakshasa, honouring the brahmin with words, put a question to him: 'You will be freed if you answer my question. Tell me why I am pale and gaunt.'

Verse 8 (13.187.8)

मुहूर्तमथ सञ्चिन्त्य ब्राह्मणस्तं निरीक्ष्य सः । अभीतवदथाव्यग्रः प्रश्नं प्रतिजगाद ह ॥

muhūrtamatha sañcintya brāhmaṇastaṃ nirīkṣya saḥ | abhītavadathāvyagraḥ praśnaṃ pratijagāda ha

After thinking for a moment, the brahmin looked at him and, unafraid and unruffled, answered the question.

Note on the text: Corrected ब्राह्मणिस्तं → ब्राह्मणस्तं (misprint in Wikisource; spurious ि, the nominative 'brāhmaṇas'; CE 8a reads 'brāhmaṇas tasya rakṣasaḥ'). Wikisource's second line (अभीतवदथाव्यग्रः …) is a recension variant of CE 8c (ābhir gāthābhir avyagraḥ …); the page's own note records the alternative reading आभिर्गाधाभिरव्यग्रः. The alignment found no match. The page also prints a repeated 'भीष्म उवाच' heading before this verse.

ब्राह्मण उवाच · the Brahmin said

Verse 9 (13.187.9)

विदेशस्थो विलोकस्थो विना नूनं सुहृज्जनैः । विषयानतुलान्भुङ्क्षे तेनासि हरिणः कृशः ॥

videśastho vilokastho vinā nūnaṃ suhṛjjanaiḥ | viṣayānatulānbhuṅkṣe tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

You are living in a foreign land, in a place apart, no doubt without your friends and kin, and you enjoy matchless pleasures of the senses; that is why you are pale and gaunt.

Note on the text: The page prints no speaker heading; verses 9-43 are the brahmin's answer to the rakshasa's question (verse 7), so they are given to the brahmin (the input had Bhishma carried over).

Verse 10 (13.187.10)

नूनं मित्राणि ते रक्षः साधूपचरितान्यपि । स्वदोषात्तु परित्यज्य तेनासि हरिणः कृशः ॥

nūnaṃ mitrāṇi te rakṣaḥ sādhūpacaritānyapi | svadoṣāttu parityajya tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

Surely, O rakshasa, your friends, though well attended to, have deserted you because of your own faults; that is why you are pale and gaunt.

Note on the text: Wikisource reads स्वदोषात्तु परित्यज्य against CE 10c svadoṣād aparajyante (recension variant, kept; the page's own note records the alternative reading स्वदोषादपरज्यन्ते).

Verse 11 (13.187.11)

अवृत्त्या पीड्यमानोऽपि वृत्त्युपायान्विगर्हयन् । महार्थान्ध्यायसे नूनं तेनासि हरिणः कृशः ॥

avṛttyā pīḍyamāno'pi vṛttyupāyānvigarhayan | mahārthāndhyāyase nūnaṃ tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

Though pinched by want, you condemn the ways of earning a livelihood, and surely you brood on great ends; that is why you are pale and gaunt.

Note on the text: Lines differ from CE 13.125.13 (avṛttyā kliśyamāno 'pi vṛttyupāyān vigarhayan / māhātmyād vyathase nūnaṃ …): Wikisource reads महार्थान्ध्यायसे नूनं for māhātmyād vyathase nūnaṃ (recension variant, kept). The alignment matched this verse to 13.125.13.

Verse 12 (13.187.12)

परकार्याधिकारस्थाः सद्गुणैरधमा नराः । अवजानन्ति नूनं त्वां तेनासि हरिणः कृशः ॥

parakāryādhikārasthāḥ sadguṇairadhamā narāḥ | avajānanti nūnaṃ tvāṃ tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

Men who hold charge of other people's affairs, though inferior to you in good qualities, surely look down on you; that is why you are pale and gaunt.

Note on the text: Wikisource's first line (परकार्याधिकारस्थाः सद्गुणैरधमा नराः) is a recension variant of CE 11a (dhanaiśvaryādhikāḥ stabdhās tvadguṇaiḥ paramāvarāḥ); line 2 = CE 11c. The alignment matched this verse to 13.125.11.

Verse 13 (13.187.13)

गुणवान्निर्गुणानन्यान्नूनं पश्यसि तत्कृतान् । प्राज्ञैरपि विनीतात्मा तेनासि हरिणः कृशः ॥

guṇavānnirguṇānanyānnūnaṃ paśyasi tatkṛtān | prājñairapi vinītātmā tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

You, a man of worth, with a disciplined mind even among the learned, surely see other men without worth who have risen to honour; that is why you are pale and gaunt.

Note on the text: Wikisource's lines are a recension variant of CE 12a-c (guṇavān viguṇān anyān nūnaṃ paśyasi satkṛtān / prājño 'prājñān vinītātmā …), kept. The alignment found no match.

Verse 14 (13.187.14)

सम्पीड्यात्मानमार्यत्वात्त्वया कश्चिदुपस्कृतः । जितं त्वां मन्यते साधो तेनासि हरिणः कृशः ॥

sampīḍyātmānamāryatvāttvayā kaścidupaskṛtaḥ | jitaṃ tvāṃ manyate sādho tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

Someone whom you helped, putting yourself to hardship out of nobility, thinks you a man he has beaten, good sir; that is why you are pale and gaunt.

Note on the text: Corrected हरिमः → हरिणः (misprint in Wikisource; म for ण; CE reads 'hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ').

Verse 15 (13.187.15)

क्लिश्यमानान्विमार्गेषु कामक्रोधावृतात्मनः । मन्येऽनुध्यायसि जनांस्तेनासि हरिणः कृशः ॥

kliśyamānānvimārgeṣu kāmakrodhāvṛtātmanaḥ | manye'nudhyāyasi janāṃstenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

I think you grieve for people who suffer on wrong paths, their minds overcome by desire and anger; that is why you are pale and gaunt.

Note on the text: Corrected हरिमः → हरिणः (misprint in Wikisource; म for ण; CE reads 'hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ'). Wikisource reads मन्येऽनुध्यायसि against CE 15c manye nu dhyāyasi (recension variant, kept).

Verse 16 (13.187.16)

प्राज्ञैरपूजितो नूनं प्राज्ञैरप्यभिनिन्दितः । ह्रीमानमर्षी दुर्वृत्तस्तेनासि हरिणः कृशः ॥

prājñairapūjito nūnaṃ prājñairapyabhininditaḥ | hrīmānamarṣī durvṛttastenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

Surely you are unhonoured by the wise and even censured by the wise; you are modest and intolerant of insult, and of ill conduct; that is why you are pale and gaunt.

Note on the text: Corrected प्राज्ञैरपुजितो → प्राज्ञैरपूजितो (misprint in Wikisource; short उ for ू). Wikisource's wording differs from CE 16 (prājñaiḥ saṃbhāvito nūnaṃ naprājñair upasaṃhitaḥ / hrīmān amarṣī durvṛttais …): recension variant, kept; the page's own note records the alternative reading प्रज्ञासम्भावितो नूनमप्रदैरुपसंहिते.

Verse 17 (13.187.17)

नूनं मित्रमुखः शत्रुः कश्चिदार्यवदाचरन् । वञ्चयित्वा गतस्त्वां वै तेनासि हरिणः कृशः ॥

nūnaṃ mitramukhaḥ śatruḥ kaścidāryavadācaran | vañcayitvā gatastvāṃ vai tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

Surely some enemy wearing a friend's face, behaving like a noble man, deceived you and went away; that is why you are pale and gaunt.

Verse 18 (13.187.18)

नूनमद्य सतां मध्ये तव वाक्यमनुत्तमम् । न भाति कालेऽभिहितं तेनासि हरिणः कृशः ॥

nūnamadya satāṃ madhye tava vākyamanuttamam | na bhāti kāle'bhihitaṃ tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

Surely your excellent speech, uttered in the midst of good men, does not shine, being spoken out of season; that is why you are pale and gaunt.

Note on the text: Wikisource reads नूनमद्य सतां मध्ये against CE 22a nūnam arthavatāṃ madhye (recension variant, kept).

Verse 19 (13.187.19)

दृष्टपूर्वाञ्श्रुतपूर्वान्कुपितान्हृदयप्रियान् । अनुनेतुं न शक्रोषि तेनासि हरिणः कृशः ॥

dṛṣṭapūrvāñśrutapūrvānkupitānhṛdayapriyān | anunetuṃ na śakroṣi tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

You cannot appease those you knew and heard of before, dear to your heart, who are angry with you; that is why you are pale and gaunt.

Note on the text: Wikisource's first line (दृष्टपूर्वाञ्श्रुतपूर्वान्कुपितान्हृदयप्रियान्) is a recension variant of CE 23a (dṛḍhapūrvaśrutaṃ mūrkhaṃ kupitaṃ hṛdayapriyam); line 2 = CE 23c. The alignment found no match.

Verse 20 (13.187.20)

नूनमासञ्जयित्वा त्वा कृत्ये कस्मिंश्चिदीप्सिते । कच्चिदर्थयते नित्यं तेनासि हरिणः कृशः ॥

nūnamāsañjayitvā tvā kṛtye kasmiṃścidīpsite | kaccidarthayate nityaṃ tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

Surely someone, having set you to some cherished task, keeps asking more of you; that is why you are pale and gaunt.

Note on the text: Wikisource reads कच्चिदर्थयते नित्यं against CE 24c kaś cid arthayate 'tyarthaṃ (recension variant, kept).

Verse 21 (13.187.21)

परोक्षवादिभिर्मिथ्यादोषस्ते सम्प्रदर्शितः । तज्ज्ञैर्न पूज्यसे व्यक्तं तेनासि हरिणः कृशः ॥

parokṣavādibhirmithyādoṣaste sampradarśitaḥ | tajjñairna pūjyase vyaktaṃ tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

People who speak behind your back have shown false faults in you; clearly those who know you do not honour you; that is why you are pale and gaunt.

Note on the text: Line 1 (परोक्षवादिभिर्मिथ्यादोषस्ते सम्प्रदर्शितः) = CE star line 13.125.024d*0623_01; line 2 (तज्ज्ञैर्न पूज्यसे व्यक्तं …) = CE 13.125.18c (tajjñair na pūjyase nūnaṃ …). The alignment found no match.

Verse 22 (13.187.22)

नूनं त्वां सद्गुणापेक्षं पूजयानं सुहृत्प्रजाः । मायावीति च जानन्ति तेनासि हरिणः कृशः ॥

nūnaṃ tvāṃ sadguṇāpekṣaṃ pūjayānaṃ suhṛtprajāḥ | māyāvīti ca jānanti tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

Surely your friends and dependants, though you honour them out of regard for their good qualities, take you for a deceiver; that is why you are pale and gaunt.

Note on the text: Wikisource's wording is a recension variant of CE 25 (nūnaṃ tvā svaguṇāpekṣaṃ pūjayānaṃ suhṛd dhruvam / mayārtha iti jānāti …), kept. The alignment found no match.

Verse 23 (13.187.23)

अन्तर्गतमभिप्रायं न नूनं लज्जयेच्छसि । विवक्तुं प्राप्य शैथिल्यात्तेनासि हरिणः कृशः ॥

antargatamabhiprāyaṃ na nūnaṃ lajjayecchasi | vivaktuṃ prāpya śaithilyāttenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

Surely out of shame you cannot bring yourself to speak the thought within you, being slack even when the occasion has come; that is why you are pale and gaunt.

Note on the text: Corrected अभिप्रायंन न → अभिप्रायं न (misprint in Wikisource; stray न; CE reads 'abhiprāyaṃ na').

Verse 24 (13.187.24)

नानाबुद्धिरुचीँल्लोके मानुषान्नूनमिच्छसि । ग्रहीतुं स्वैर्गुणैः सर्वांस्तेनासि हरिणः कृशः ॥

nānābuddhirucīm̐lloke mānuṣānnūnamicchasi | grahītuṃ svairguṇaiḥ sarvāṃstenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

Surely you wish to win over all men, whose minds and tastes differ in this world, by your own good qualities; that is why you are pale and gaunt.

Verse 25 (13.187.25)

असत्सु विनिविष्टेषु न गुणान्वदतः स्वयम् । गुणास्ते न विराजन्ते तेनासि हरिणः कृशः ॥

asatsu viniviṣṭeṣu na guṇānvadataḥ svayam | guṇāste na virājante tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

Among wicked men set in their ways, your virtues, since you do not speak of them yourself, do not shine; that is why you are pale and gaunt.

Note on the text: Wikisource's wording is a recension variant of CE 19 (asatsv abhiniviṣṭeṣu bruvato muktasaṃśayam / guṇās te na virājante …), kept. The alignment matched this verse to 13.125.19.

Verse 26 (13.187.26)

धर्मवृत्तः श्रुतैर्हीनः पदं त्वं रजसान्वितः । महत्प्रार्थयसे नूनं तेनासि हरिणः कृशः ॥

dharmavṛttaḥ śrutairhīnaḥ padaṃ tvaṃ rajasānvitaḥ | mahatprārthayase nūnaṃ tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

Righteous in conduct but without learning, and endowed only with passion, you surely aspire to a lofty station; that is why you are pale and gaunt.

Note on the text: Wikisource's wording is a recension variant of CE 20 (dhanabuddhiśrutair hīnaḥ kevalaṃ tejasānvitaḥ / mahat prārthayase nūnaṃ …), kept. The alignment found no match.

Verse 27 (13.187.27)

तपःप्रणिहितात्मानं मन्ये त्वारण्यकाङ्क्षिणम् । बन्धुवर्गो निगृह्णाति तेनासि हरिणः कृशः ॥

tapaḥpraṇihitātmānaṃ manye tvāraṇyakāṅkṣiṇam | bandhuvargo nigṛhṇāti tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

I think you, whose mind is set on austerity, long for the forest, while your kinsmen hold you back; that is why you are pale and gaunt.

Note on the text: Corrected हरिमः → हरिणः (misprint in Wikisource; म for ण; CE reads 'hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ'). Wikisource reads बन्धुवर्गो निगृह्णाति against CE 21c bandhuvargo na gṛhṇāti (recension variant, kept).

Verse 28 (13.187.28)

इष्टभार्यस्य ते नूनं प्रातिवेश्यो महाधनः । युवा सुललितः कामी तेनासि हरिणः कृशः ॥

iṣṭabhāryasya te nūnaṃ prātiveśyo mahādhanaḥ | yuvā sulalitaḥ kāmī tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

You love your wife, and surely there is a very rich neighbour, young, elegant and amorous; that is why you are pale and gaunt.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's numbered text: star passage 13,125.021d*0621_01-02.

Verse 29 (13.187.29)

दुर्विनीतहतः पुत्रो जामाता वाऽप्रमार्जकः । दारा वा प्रतिकूलास्ते तेनासि हरिणः कृशः ॥

durvinītahataḥ putro jāmātā vā'pramārjakaḥ | dārā vā pratikūlāste tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

A son ruined by his own bad conduct, or a son-in-law who does not set things right, or a wife who is hostile to you; that is why you are pale and gaunt.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's numbered text: star passage 13,125.021d*0622_01-02. Wikisource reads दुर्विनीतहतः पुत्रो जामाता वाऽप्रमार्जकः against the CE star's sudurvinītaḥ putro vā jāmātā vā pramārjakaḥ (variant, kept). Corrected हरिमः → हरिणः (misprint in Wikisource; म for ण; CE reads 'hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ').

Verse 30 (13.187.30)

भ्रातरोऽतीव विषमाः पिता वा क्षुत्क्षतो मृतः । माता ज्येष्ठो गुरुर्वाऽपि तेनासि हरिणः कृशः ॥

bhrātaro'tīva viṣamāḥ pitā vā kṣutkṣato mṛtaḥ | mātā jyeṣṭho gururvā'pi tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

Either your brothers are bitterly at odds with you, or your father has died of hunger, or your mother, your eldest brother or your teacher has suffered; that is why you are pale and gaunt.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's numbered text: star passage 13,125.021d*0622_03-04. Corrected ज्योष्ठो → ज्येष्ठो (misprint in Wikisource; wrong vowel; the CE star reads 'jyeṣṭho'). Corrected हरिमः → हरिणः (misprint in Wikisource; म for ण; CE reads 'hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ').

Verse 31 (13.187.31)

ब्राह्मणो वा हतो गौर्वा ब्रह्मस्वं वापहृतं पुरा । देवस्वं वा हृतं काले तेनासि हरिणः कृशः ॥

brāhmaṇo vā hato gaurvā brahmasvaṃ vāpahṛtaṃ purā | devasvaṃ vā hṛtaṃ kāle tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

Either a brahmin or a cow has been killed, or brahmin property was seized in the past, or the property of a god was taken in due time; that is why you are pale and gaunt.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's numbered text: star passage 13,125.021d*0622_05-06. Corrected देवस्यं → देवस्वं (misprint in Wikisource; the CE star reads 'devasvaṃ').

Verse 32 (13.187.32)

हृतदारोऽथ वृद्धो वा लोके द्विष्टोऽथवा नरैः । अविज्ञानेन वा वृद्धस्तेनासि हरिणः कृशः ॥

hṛtadāro'tha vṛddho vā loke dviṣṭo'thavā naraiḥ | avijñānena vā vṛddhastenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

Your wife has been taken from you, or you are old, or men hate you, or you have grown old through ignorance; that is why you are pale and gaunt.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's numbered text: star passage 13,125.021d*0622_07-08.

Verse 33 (13.187.33)

वार्धकार्थं धनं दृष्ट्वा स्वा श्रीर्वाऽपि परैर्हृता । वृत्तिर्वा दुर्जनापेक्षा तेनासि हरिणः कृशः ॥

vārdhakārthaṃ dhanaṃ dṛṣṭvā svā śrīrvā'pi parairhṛtā | vṛttirvā durjanāpekṣā tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

You have seen wealth meant for your old age, or your own prosperity has been taken by others, or your livelihood depends on wicked men; that is why you are pale and gaunt.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's numbered text: star passage 13,125.021d*0622_09-10.

Verse 34 (13.187.34)

सम्पत्कालेन ते धर्मः क्षीणस्तात सुहृद्बुवैः । असंन्यासमतिस्तत्र तेनासि हरिणः कृशः ॥

sampatkālena te dharmaḥ kṣīṇastāta suhṛdbuvaiḥ | asaṃnyāsamatistatra tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

In the time of your prosperity your dharma was worn away, dear sir, by those who only called themselves friends, and you had no mind to renounce; that is why you are pale and gaunt.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's numbered text: star passage 13,125.021d*0622_11-12. Wikisource reads सम्पत्कालेन ते धर्मः against the CE star's saṃpatkāle na te dharmaḥ (variant, kept).

Verse 35 (13.187.35)

अविद्वान्भीरुरल्पार्थे विद्याविक्रमदानजम् । यशः प्रार्थयसे नित्यं तेनासि हरिणः कृशः ॥

avidvānbhīruralpārthe vidyāvikramadānajam | yaśaḥ prārthayase nityaṃ tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

Unlearned, timid and of small means, you constantly crave the fame that comes from learning, valour and giving; that is why you are pale and gaunt.

Note on the text: Wikisource reads अविद्वान्भीरुरल्पार्थे विद्याविक्रमदानजम् यशः प्रार्थयसे नित्यं; CE 28 has the same wording apart from alpārtho; the CE's star line 13.125.028b*0624_01 is not in Wikisource.

Verse 36 (13.187.36)

चिराभिलषितं किञ्चित्फलमप्राप्तमेव ते । कृतमन्यैरपहृतं तेनासि हरिणः कृशः ॥

cirābhilaṣitaṃ kiñcitphalamaprāptameva te | kṛtamanyairapahṛtaṃ tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

Some fruit long desired, and all but in your grasp, was won by others and taken from you; that is why you are pale and gaunt.

Note on the text: Corrected चिरहाभिलषितं → चिराभिलषितं (misprint in Wikisource; stray ह; CE reads 'cirābhilaṣitaṃ').

Verse 37 (13.187.37)

नूनमात्मगतं दोषमपश्यन्किंचिदात्मनि । अकारणेऽभिशस्तो हि तेनासि हरिणः कृशः ॥

nūnamātmagataṃ doṣamapaśyankiṃcidātmani | akāraṇe'bhiśasto hi tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

Surely, though you see no fault in yourself, you have been censured without cause; that is why you are pale and gaunt.

Note on the text: Wikisource reads नूनमात्मगतं दोषमपश्यन्किंचिदात्मनि against CE 30a nūnam ātmakṛtaṃ doṣam apaśyan kiṃ cid ātmani (recension variant, kept).

Verse 38 (13.187.38)

सुहृदां दुःखमार्तानां न प्रमोक्ष्यसि हानिजम् । अलमर्थगुणैर्हीनं तेनासि हरिणः कृशः ॥

suhṛdāṃ duḥkhamārtānāṃ na pramokṣyasi hānijam | alamarthaguṇairhīnaṃ tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

You cannot relieve the loss-born grief of your suffering friends, being wholly without wealth and merit; that is why you are pale and gaunt.

Note on the text: Wikisource's wording is a recension variant of CE 31 (suhṛdām apramattānām apramokṣyārthahānijam / duḥkham arthaguṇair hīnaṃ …), kept.

Verse 39 (13.187.39)

साधून्गृहस्थान्दृष्ट्वा च तथा साधून्वनेचरान् । मुक्तांश्चावसथे सक्तांस्तेनासि हरिणः कृशः ॥

sādhūngṛhasthāndṛṣṭvā ca tathā sādhūnvanecarān | muktāṃścāvasathe saktāṃstenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

Seeing virtuous householders, and likewise virtuous forest-dwellers, and liberated men still attached to a dwelling; that is why you are pale and gaunt.

Note on the text: Corrected हरिमः → हरिणः (misprint in Wikisource; म for ण; CE reads 'hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ'). Wikisource reads तथा साधून्वनेचरान् against CE 32a tathāsādhūn vanecarān (recension variant, kept).

Verse 40 (13.187.40)

धर्म्यमर्थ्यं च काम्यं च देशे च रहितं वचः । न प्रसिद्ध्यति ते नूनं तेनासि हरिणः कृशः ॥

dharmyamarthyaṃ ca kāmyaṃ ca deśe ca rahitaṃ vacaḥ | na prasiddhyati te nūnaṃ tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

Your speech, though lawful, useful and pleasing, lacks its proper place, and surely does not win acceptance; that is why you are pale and gaunt.

Note on the text: Wikisource's wording differs from CE 33 (dharmyam arthaṃ ca kāle ca deśe cābhihitaṃ vacaḥ / na pratiṣṭhati te nūnaṃ …): Wikisource reads काम्यं च and देशे च रहितं against kāle ca / deśe cābhihitaṃ (recension variant, kept; रहितं translated as 'lacking' the proper place).

Verse 41 (13.187.41)

दत्तानकुशलैरर्थान्मनीषी संजिजीविषुः । प्राप्य वर्तयसे नूनं तेनासि हरिणः कृशः ॥

dattānakuśalairarthānmanīṣī saṃjijīviṣuḥ | prāpya vartayase nūnaṃ tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

Wise and eager to live, you have taken wealth given by unskilled men and survive on it; that is why you are pale and gaunt.

Verse 42 (13.187.42)

परस्परविरुद्धानां प्रियं नूनं चिकीर्षसि । सुहृदामुपरोधेन तेनासि हरिणः कृशः ॥

parasparaviruddhānāṃ priyaṃ nūnaṃ cikīrṣasi | suhṛdāmuparodhena tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

Surely you try to please people who are opposed to one another, at the cost of obstructing your friends; that is why you are pale and gaunt.

Note on the text: Wikisource reads सुहृदामुपरोधेन against CE 36c suhṛdām avirodhena (recension variant, kept).

Verse 43 (13.187.43)

पापान्विवर्धितान्दृष्ट्वा कल्याणांश्चावसीदतः । ध्रुवं गर्हयसे नूनं तेनासि हरिणः कृशः ॥

pāpānvivardhitāndṛṣṭvā kalyāṇāṃścāvasīdataḥ | dhruvaṃ garhayase nūnaṃ tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ

Seeing the wicked flourish and the good sink down, you surely condemn it; that is why you are pale and gaunt.

Note on the text: Wikisource's second line (ध्रुवं गर्हयसे नूनं) reads against CE 35c dhruvaṃ mṛgayase yogyaṃ (recension variant, kept). The alignment found no match.

भीष्म उवाच · Bhishma said

Verse 44 (13.187.44)

एवं सम्पूजितं रक्षो विप्रं तं प्रत्यपूजयत् । सहायमकरोच्चैनं सम्पूज्यामुं मुमोच ह ॥

evaṃ sampūjitaṃ rakṣo vipraṃ taṃ pratyapūjayat | sahāyamakaroccainaṃ sampūjyāmuṃ mumoca ha

Thus honoured, the rakshasa honoured the brahmin in return; he made him his companion and, after honouring him, set him free.

Note on the text: Wikisource reads सम्पूज्यामुं मुमोच ह against CE 38c saṃyojyārthair mumoca ha (recension variant, kept). The alignment found no match. The brahmin's speech ends at verse 43; this is Bhishma's narration again. CE 13.125.37 (śrotriyāṃś ca vikarmasthān …) has no counterpart in Wikisource and is not added; the CE's inline Appendix I passage that follows (App. I No. 14, 13.125.038d@014_0000-) is not in this adhyaya of Wikisource.

Adhyaya 186All adhyayasAdhyaya 188