Livelihood and the Duties of a Householder

Verse 1 (13.216.1)

पशवः पशुबन्धेषु ये हन्यन्तेऽध्वरेषु च । यूपे निबध्य मन्त्रैश्च यथान्यायं यथाविधि । मन्त्राहुतिविपूतास्ते स्वर्गं यान्ति यशस्विनि ॥

paśavaḥ paśubandheṣu ye hanyante'dhvareṣu ca | yūpe nibadhya mantraiśca yathānyāyaṃ yathāvidhi | mantrāhutivipūtāste svargaṃ yānti yaśasvini

Animals that are slain in animal-sacrifices and other rites, bound to the post with mantras, according to rule and ritual, are purified by the mantras and the offering and go to heaven, O glorious one.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1372-1374; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null.

Verse 2 (13.216.2)

तर्पिता यज्ञभागेषु तेषां मांसैर्वरानने । अग्नयस्त्रिदशाश्चैव लोकपाला महेश्वराः ॥

tarpitā yajñabhāgeṣu teṣāṃ māṃsairvarānane | agnayastridaśāścaiva lokapālā maheśvarāḥ

Fed by the flesh of those animals in the sacrificial portions, O fair-faced one, the fires, the gods, the guardians of the worlds and the great lords are gratified.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1375-1376; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null.

Verse 3 (13.216.3)

तेषु तुष्टेषु जायेत यस्य यज्ञस्य यत्फलम् । तेन संयुज्यते देवि यजमानो न संशयः ॥

teṣu tuṣṭeṣu jāyeta yasya yajñasya yatphalam | tena saṃyujyate devi yajamāno na saṃśayaḥ

When they are pleased, whatever fruit belongs to that sacrifice arises, and the sacrificer is united with it, O goddess, without doubt.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1377-1378; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null.

Verse 4 (13.216.4)

सपत्नीकः सपुत्रश्च पित्रा च भ्रातृभिः सह । ये तत्र दीक्षिता देवि सर्वे स्वर्गं प्रयान्ति ते ॥

sapatnīkaḥ saputraśca pitrā ca bhrātṛbhiḥ saha | ye tatra dīkṣitā devi sarve svargaṃ prayānti te

Along with his wife, his son, his father and his brothers, all who are there initiated for the sacrifice go to heaven, O goddess.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1379-1380; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. Wording differs from the Appendix text in places (recension variant, kept). Corrected सपुत्रश्चि → सपुत्रश्च (misprint in Wikisource; चि for च).

Verse 5 (13.216.5)

एतत्ते सर्वमाख्यातं किं भूयः श्रोतुमिच्छसि ॥

etatte sarvamākhyātaṃ kiṃ bhūyaḥ śrotumicchasi

All this has been told to you. What more do you wish to hear?

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), line 1381; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. Wording differs from the Appendix text in places (recension variant, kept). A single line, as in the Appendix text.

Verse 6 (13.216.6)

भगवन्सर्वभूतेश शूलपाणे महाद्युते । श्रोतुमिच्छाम्यहं वृत्तं सर्वेषां गृहमेधिनाम् ॥

bhagavansarvabhūteśa śūlapāṇe mahādyute | śrotumicchāmyahaṃ vṛttaṃ sarveṣāṃ gṛhamedhinām

O Lord, master of all beings, bearer of the trident, of great radiance, I wish to hear about the way of life of all householders.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1382-1383; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null.

Verse 7 (13.216.7)

कीदृशं चरितं तेषां त्रिवर्गसहितं प्रभो । प्रत्यायतिः कथं तेषां जीवनार्थमुदाहृतम् ॥

kīdṛśaṃ caritaṃ teṣāṃ trivargasahitaṃ prabho | pratyāyatiḥ kathaṃ teṣāṃ jīvanārthamudāhṛtam

What should their conduct be, O Lord, in keeping with the three aims of life? And what is their income said to be, for the sake of their livelihood?

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1384-1385; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null.

Verse 8 (13.216.8)

वर्तमानाः कथं सर्वे प्राप्नुवन्त्युत्तमां गतिम् । एतत्सर्वं समासेन वक्तुमर्हसि मानद ॥

vartamānāḥ kathaṃ sarve prāpnuvantyuttamāṃ gatim | etatsarvaṃ samāsena vaktumarhasi mānada

Living how may they all reach the highest state? Please tell me all this briefly, O giver of honour.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1386-1387; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. Corrected मानदः → मानद (misprint in Wikisource; vocative; the critical edition has mānada).

Verse 9 (13.216.9)

न्यायतस्त्वं महाभागे श्रोतुकामाऽसि भामिनि । प्रायशो लोकसद्वृत्तमिष्यते गृहवासिनाम् ॥

nyāyatastvaṃ mahābhāge śrotukāmā'si bhāmini | prāyaśo lokasadvṛttamiṣyate gṛhavāsinām

You ask rightly, O blessed and radiant lady. Good conduct in the world is chiefly what is wanted of householders.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1388-1389; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null.

Verse 10 (13.216.10)

तेषां संरक्षणार्थाय राजानः संस्कृता भुवि । सर्वेषामथ मर्त्यानां वृत्तिं सामान्यतः शृणु ॥

teṣāṃ saṃrakṣaṇārthāya rājānaḥ saṃskṛtā bhuvi | sarveṣāmatha martyānāṃ vṛttiṃ sāmānyataḥ śṛṇu

Kings have been consecrated on earth for their protection. Now hear in general terms the livelihood of all mortals.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1390-1391; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. Corrected शृणुः → शृणु (misprint in Wikisource; stray visarga; the critical edition has śṛṇu).

Verse 11 (13.216.11)

विद्या वार्ता च सेवा च कारुत्वं नाट्यता तथा । इत्येते जीवनार्थाय मर्त्यानां विहिताः प्रिये ॥

vidyā vārtā ca sevā ca kārutvaṃ nāṭyatā tathā | ityete jīvanārthāya martyānāṃ vihitāḥ priye

Learning, trade and farming, service, craftsmanship and the stage: these, dear one, are the ways laid down for mortals to live.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1392-1393; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. Corrected इत्यते → इत्येते (misprint in Wikisource; the critical edition has ity ete).

Verse 12 (13.216.12)

अपि जन्मफलं तावन्मानुषाणां विशेषतः । विहितं तत्स्ववृत्तेन तन्मे शृणु समाहिता ॥

api janmaphalaṃ tāvanmānuṣāṇāṃ viśeṣataḥ | vihitaṃ tatsvavṛttena tanme śṛṇu samāhitā

Further, the fruit of birth, especially for men, is achieved through one's own livelihood. Listen to that from me, attentive one.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1394-1395; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. Wording differs from the Appendix text in places (recension variant, kept). Corrected समाहिताः → समाहिता (misprint in Wikisource; vocative feminine to match the address to the goddess; stray visarga).

Verse 13 (13.216.13)

कर्मक्षेत्रं हि मानुष्यं सुखदुःखयुताः परे । सर्वेषां प्राणिनां तस्मान्मानुष्ये वृत्तिरिष्यते ॥

karmakṣetraṃ hi mānuṣyaṃ sukhaduḥkhayutāḥ pare | sarveṣāṃ prāṇināṃ tasmānmānuṣye vṛttiriṣyate

The human state is the field of action; the other states are bound up with pleasure and pain. Therefore for all creatures it is in the human state that a livelihood is prescribed.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1396-1397; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. Wording differs from the Appendix text in places (recension variant, kept).

Verse 14 (13.216.14)

विद्यायोगस्तु सर्वेषां पूर्वमेव विधीयते । कार्याकार्यं विजानन्ति विद्यया देवि नान्यथा ॥

vidyāyogastu sarveṣāṃ pūrvameva vidhīyate | kāryākāryaṃ vijānanti vidyayā devi nānyathā

First of all, the practice of learning is prescribed for everyone. By learning, O goddess, people know what should and should not be done, and not otherwise.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1398-1399; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null.

Verse 15 (13.216.15)

विद्यया स्फीयते ज्ञानं ज्ञानात्तत्वनिदर्शनम् । दृष्टतत्वो विनीतात्मा सर्वार्थस्य च भाजनम् ॥

vidyayā sphīyate jñānaṃ jñānāttatvanidarśanam | dṛṣṭatatvo vinītātmā sarvārthasya ca bhājanam

Through learning knowledge expands, and from knowledge comes insight into the truth. One who has seen the truth and is disciplined in mind becomes a vessel for every worthwhile end.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1400-1401; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null.

Verse 16 (13.216.16)

शक्यं विद्याविनीतेन लोके संजीवनं शुभम् ॥

śakyaṃ vidyāvinītena loke saṃjīvanaṃ śubham

One trained by learning can find a good livelihood in the world.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), line 1402; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. A single line, as in the Appendix text.

Verse 17 (13.216.17)

आत्मानं विद्यया तस्मात्पूर्वं वृत्वा तु भाजनम् । वश्येन्द्रियो जितक्रोधो भूतात्मानं तु भावयेत् । भावयित्वा तदाऽऽत्मानं पूजनीयः सतामपि ॥

ātmānaṃ vidyayā tasmātpūrvaṃ vṛtvā tu bhājanam | vaśyendriyo jitakrodho bhūtātmānaṃ tu bhāvayet | bhāvayitvā tadā''tmānaṃ pūjanīyaḥ satāmapi

Therefore one should first make oneself a worthy vessel through learning, bring the senses under control and conquer anger, and train the embodied self; having so trained the self, one becomes worthy of honour even among the good.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1403-1405; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null.

Verse 18 (13.216.18)

कुलानुवृत्तं वृत्तं वा पूर्वमात्मा समाश्रयेत् । इत्येतत्कुलवासाय दानकर्म यथा पुरा ॥

kulānuvṛttaṃ vṛttaṃ vā pūrvamātmā samāśrayet | ityetatkulavāsāya dānakarma yathā purā

Let him first adopt his family's inherited calling or conduct. This, together with the practice of giving as of old, is for the sake of a settled family life.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1406-1407; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. Wording differs from the Appendix text in places (recension variant, kept).

Verse 19 (13.216.19)

यदि चेद्विद्यया चैव वृत्तिं काङ्क्षेदथात्मनः । राजविद्यानुवादेऽपि लोकविद्यामथापि वा । तीर्थतश्चापि गृह्णीयाच्छुश्रूषादिगुणैर्युतः ॥

yadi cedvidyayā caiva vṛttiṃ kāṅkṣedathātmanaḥ | rājavidyānuvāde'pi lokavidyāmathāpi vā | tīrthataścāpi gṛhṇīyācchuśrūṣādiguṇairyutaḥ

And if he seeks his livelihood through learning, whether the learning of kings and its exposition, or the learning of worldly affairs, he should acquire it from a proper teacher, equipped with obedience and the other virtues.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1408-1410; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null.

Verse 20 (13.216.20)

ग्रन्थतश्चार्थतश्चैव दृढं कुर्यात्प्रयत्नतः । एवं विद्याफलं देवि प्राप्नुयान्नान्यथा नरः । न्यायाद्विद्याफलानीच्छेदधर्मं तत्र वर्जयेत् ॥

granthataścārthataścaiva dṛḍhaṃ kuryātprayatnataḥ | evaṃ vidyāphalaṃ devi prāpnuyānnānyathā naraḥ | nyāyādvidyāphalānīcchedadharmaṃ tatra varjayet

He should make it firm, with effort, through study of the texts and grasp of their meaning. In this way a man gains the fruit of learning, O goddess, and not otherwise. Let him seek the fruits of learning rightfully and avoid adharma in it.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1411-1413; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null.

Verse 21 (13.216.21)

यदिच्छेद्वार्तया वृत्तिं काङ्क्षेत विधिपूर्वकम् । क्षेत्रे जलोपपन्ने च तद्योग्यां कृषिमाचरेत् ॥

yadicchedvārtayā vṛttiṃ kāṅkṣeta vidhipūrvakam | kṣetre jalopapanne ca tadyogyāṃ kṛṣimācaret

If he wishes to live by trade and farming, he should proceed by rule: in a field with water at hand, take up the cultivation suited to it.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1414-1415; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. Wording differs from the Appendix text in places (recension variant, kept).

Verse 22 (13.216.22)

वाणिज्यं वा यथाकालं कुर्यात्तद्देशयोगतः । मूल्यमर्थं प्रयासं च विचार्यैव व्ययोदयौ ॥

vāṇijyaṃ vā yathākālaṃ kuryāttaddeśayogataḥ | mūlyamarthaṃ prayāsaṃ ca vicāryaiva vyayodayau

Or he may trade, in the proper season and according to the place, after weighing price, capital and effort, and the outlay and the gain.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1416-1417; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. Wording differs from the Appendix text in places (recension variant, kept).

Verse 23 (13.216.23)

पशुसंजीवनं चैव दश गाः पोषयेद्ध्रुवम् । बहुप्रकारा बहवः पशवस्तस्य साधकाः ॥

paśusaṃjīvanaṃ caiva daśa gāḥ poṣayeddhruvam | bahuprakārā bahavaḥ paśavastasya sādhakāḥ

Or he may live by rearing animals, always keeping ten cows; many kinds of animals, in great number, will serve his purpose.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1418-1419; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. Wording differs from the Appendix text in places (recension variant, kept).

Verse 24 (13.216.24)

यः कश्चित्सेवया वृत्तिं काङ्क्षेत मतिमान्नरः । यतात्मा श्रवणीयानां भवेद्वै सम्प्रयोजकः ॥

yaḥ kaścitsevayā vṛttiṃ kāṅkṣeta matimānnaraḥ | yatātmā śravaṇīyānāṃ bhavedvai samprayojakaḥ

A wise man who seeks a livelihood through service should be self-controlled, and a faithful executor for those whose word he must hear.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1420-1421; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null.

Verse 25 (13.216.25)

बुद्ध्या वा कर्मयोगाद्वा बोधनाद्वा समाश्रयेत् । मार्गतस्तु समाश्रित्य तदा तत्सम्प्रयोजयेत् ॥

buddhyā vā karmayogādvā bodhanādvā samāśrayet | mārgatastu samāśritya tadā tatsamprayojayet

He may attach himself by intelligence, by effective work, or by giving counsel; having attached himself in the proper way, let him then carry out his master's purposes.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1422-1423; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. Wording differs from the Appendix text in places (recension variant, kept).

Verse 26 (13.216.26)

यथायथा सु तुष्येत तथा संतोषयेत्तु तम् । अनुजीविगुणोपेतः कुर्यादात्मार्थमाश्रितम् ॥

yathāyathā su tuṣyeta tathā saṃtoṣayettu tam | anujīviguṇopetaḥ kuryādātmārthamāśritam

In whatever way his master is well pleased, in that way he should please him. Endowed with the qualities of a dependant, he should make the interest of the one he depends on his own.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1424-1425; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. Wording differs from the Appendix text in places (recension variant, kept).

Verse 27 (13.216.27)

विप्रियं नाचरेत्तस्य एषा सेवा समासतः । विप्रयोगात्पुरा तेन गतिमन्यां न लक्षयेत् ॥

vipriyaṃ nācarettasya eṣā sevā samāsataḥ | viprayogātpurā tena gatimanyāṃ na lakṣayet

He should do nothing displeasing to him: this, in brief, is service. Before parting from him he should not look out for another course.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1426-1427; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null.

Verse 28 (13.216.28)

कारुकर्म च नाट्यं च प्रायशो नीचयोनिषु । तयोरपि यथायोगं न्यायतः कर्मवेतनम् ॥

kārukarma ca nāṭyaṃ ca prāyaśo nīcayoniṣu | tayorapi yathāyogaṃ nyāyataḥ karmavetanam

Craft work and acting are for the most part found among those of low birth. For these two as well the wage for the work should be just and in proportion to the task.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1428-1429; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null.

Verse 29 (13.216.29)

आजीवेभ्योऽपि सर्वेभ्यः स्वार्जवाद्वेतनं हरेत् । अनार्जवादाहरतस्तत्तु पापाय कल्पते ॥

ājīvebhyo'pi sarvebhyaḥ svārjavādvetanaṃ haret | anārjavādāharatastattu pāpāya kalpate

From all his means of livelihood he should draw his wage through his own honesty. For one who takes it dishonestly, it leads to sin.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1430-1431; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. Wording differs from the Appendix text in places (recension variant, kept). Corrected सर्वभ्यः → सर्वेभ्यः (misprint in Wikisource; the critical edition has sarvebhyaḥ).

Verse 30 (13.216.30)

सर्वेषां पूर्वमारम्भांश्चिन्तयेन्नयपूर्वकम् । आत्मशक्तिमुपायांश्च देशकालौ च युक्तितः । कारणानि प्रयासं च प्रक्षेपं च फलोदयम् ॥

sarveṣāṃ pūrvamārambhāṃścintayennayapūrvakam | ātmaśaktimupāyāṃśca deśakālau ca yuktitaḥ | kāraṇāni prayāsaṃ ca prakṣepaṃ ca phalodayam

Before everything he should think over his undertakings with prudence: his own strength, the means, the place and the time, in a sound order, the causes, the effort, the outlay of capital and the profit that will arise.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1432-1434; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null.

Verse 31 (13.216.31)

एवमादीनि सञ्चिन्त्य दृष्ट्वा दैवानुकूलताम् । अतः परं समारम्भेद्यत्रात्महितमाहितम् ॥

evamādīni sañcintya dṛṣṭvā daivānukūlatām | ataḥ paraṃ samārambhedyatrātmahitamāhitam

Having considered these and other matters, and seen that fortune favours him, he should then begin the undertaking in which his own good is well founded.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1435-1436; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null.

Verse 32 (13.216.32)

वृत्तिमेव समासाद्य तां सदा परिपालयेत् । देवमानुषविघ्नेभ्यो न पुनर्मन्यते यथा ॥

vṛttimeva samāsādya tāṃ sadā paripālayet | devamānuṣavighnebhyo na punarmanyate yathā

Having obtained a livelihood, he should always protect it from obstacles of fate and of men, so that he need not worry over it again.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1437-1438; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. Wording differs from the Appendix text in places (recension variant, kept).

Verse 33 (13.216.33)

पालयन्वर्धयन्भुञ्जंस्तां प्राप्य न विनाशयेत् । क्षीयते गिरिसङ्काशमश्नतो ह्यनपेक्षया ॥

pālayanvardhayanbhuñjaṃstāṃ prāpya na vināśayet | kṣīyate girisaṅkāśamaśnato hyanapekṣayā

Having gained it, he should guard it, increase it and enjoy it, and not squander it. Even a mountain is exhausted if one eats from it without regard.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1439-1440; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null.

Verse 34 (13.216.34)

आजीवेभ्यो धनं प्राप्य चतुर्धा विभजेद्बुधः । धर्मायार्थाय कामाय आपत्प्रशमनाय च ॥

ājīvebhyo dhanaṃ prāpya caturdhā vibhajedbudhaḥ | dharmāyārthāya kāmāya āpatpraśamanāya ca

Having received wealth from his livelihoods, the wise man should divide it into four parts: for dharma, for wealth, for desire, and for the easing of misfortune.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1441-1442; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null.

Verse 35 (13.216.35)

चतुर्ष्वपि विभागेषु विधानं शृणु शोभने ॥

caturṣvapi vibhāgeṣu vidhānaṃ śṛṇu śobhane

Hear, O lovely one, the rule for each of these four portions.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), line 1443; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. A single line, as in the Appendix text.

Verse 36 (13.216.36)

यज्ञार्थं चान्नदानार्थं दीनानुग्रहकारणात् । देवब्राह्मणपूजार्थं पितृपूजार्थमेव च ॥

yajñārthaṃ cānnadānārthaṃ dīnānugrahakāraṇāt | devabrāhmaṇapūjārthaṃ pitṛpūjārthameva ca

For sacrifice and the giving of food, out of compassion for the wretched, for the worship of gods and brahmins, and for the worship of ancestors,

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1444-1445; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null.

Verse 37 (13.216.37)

मूलार्थं सन्निवासार्थं क्रियानित्यैश्च धार्मिकैः । एवमादिषु चान्येषु धर्मार्थं संत्यजेद्धनम् ॥

mūlārthaṃ sannivāsārthaṃ kriyānityaiśca dhārmikaiḥ | evamādiṣu cānyeṣu dharmārthaṃ saṃtyajeddhanam

for the root of his livelihood, for a settled home, and for the regular rites performed with righteous people: on these and the like he should spend wealth for the sake of dharma.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1446-1447; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. Corrected क्रियानित्यैश्चि → क्रियानित्यैश्च (misprint in Wikisource; चि for च; the critical edition has kriyānityaiś ca).

Verse 38 (13.216.38)

धर्मकार्ये धनं दद्यादनवेक्ष्य फलोदयम् । ऐश्वर्यस्थानलाभार्थं राजवाल्लभ्यकारणात् ॥

dharmakārye dhanaṃ dadyādanavekṣya phalodayam | aiśvaryasthānalābhārthaṃ rājavāllabhyakāraṇāt

He should give wealth for righteous works without regard for the return. For gaining high station and lordship, and for winning the king's favour,

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1448-1449; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null.

Verse 39 (13.216.39)

वार्तायां च समारम्भेऽमात्यमित्रपरिग्रहे । आवाहे च विवाहे च पुत्राणां वृत्तिकारणात् ॥

vārtāyāṃ ca samārambhe'mātyamitraparigrahe | āvāhe ca vivāhe ca putrāṇāṃ vṛttikāraṇāt

for beginning a business, for gaining ministers and friends, at the bringing home of a bride and at weddings, for the livelihood of his sons,

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1450-1451; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. Wording differs from the Appendix text in places (recension variant, kept).

Verse 40 (13.216.40)

अर्थोदयसमावाप्तावनर्थस्य विघातने । एवमादिषु चान्येषु अर्थार्थं विसृजेद्धनम् ॥

arthodayasamāvāptāvanarthasya vighātane | evamādiṣu cānyeṣu arthārthaṃ visṛjeddhanam

for the rise of prosperity and for warding off misfortune: on these and other such purposes he should spend wealth for the sake of wealth.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1452-1453; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. Wording differs from the Appendix text in places (recension variant, kept).

Verse 41 (13.216.41)

अनुबन्धं हेतुयुक्तं दृष्ट्वा वित्तं परित्यजेत् । अनर्थं बाधते ह्यर्थो अर्थं चैव फलान्युत ॥

anubandhaṃ hetuyuktaṃ dṛṣṭvā vittaṃ parityajet | anarthaṃ bādhate hyartho arthaṃ caiva phalānyuta

Seeing the consequence together with its cause, he should part with wealth. For wealth wards off misfortune, and brings wealth and fruits as well.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1454-1455; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. Wording differs from the Appendix text in places (recension variant, kept). Corrected अर्तं चैव → अर्थं चैव (misprint in Wikisource; the critical edition has arthaṃ caiva).

Verse 42 (13.216.42)

नाधनाः प्राप्नुवन्त्यर्थं नरा यत्नशतैरपि । तस्माद्धनं रक्षितव्यं दातव्यं च विधानतः ॥

nādhanāḥ prāpnuvantyarthaṃ narā yatnaśatairapi | tasmāddhanaṃ rakṣitavyaṃ dātavyaṃ ca vidhānataḥ

Men without wealth do not gain their ends, even with hundreds of efforts. Therefore wealth should be guarded, and given away according to rule.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1456-1457; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. Corrected प्राप्नुन्त्यर्थं → प्राप्नुवन्त्यर्थं (misprint in Wikisource; dropped व; the critical edition has prāpnuvanty).

Verse 43 (13.216.43)

शरीरपोषणार्थाय आहारस्य विशोषणे । नटगान्धर्वसंयोगे कामयात्राविहारयोः ॥

śarīrapoṣaṇārthāya āhārasya viśoṣaṇe | naṭagāndharvasaṃyoge kāmayātrāvihārayoḥ

For nourishing the body, for the preparation of food, for the company of actors and singers, for pleasure trips and recreation,

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1458-1459; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. Wording differs from the Appendix text in places (recension variant, kept). Restored from the critical edition (Appendix I No. 15, line 1459): Wikisource prints "नट*****धर्वसंयोगे" with the letters गान् lost; read नटगान्धर्वसंयोगे.

Verse 44 (13.216.44)

मनःप्रियाणां संयोगे प्रीतिदाने तथैव च । एवमादिषु चान्येषु कामार्थं विसृजेद्धनम् ॥

manaḥpriyāṇāṃ saṃyoge prītidāne tathaiva ca | evamādiṣu cānyeṣu kāmārthaṃ visṛjeddhanam

for the company of those dear to the heart, and in gifts given out of affection: on these and other such purposes he should spend wealth for the sake of desire.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1460-1461; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. Corrected कामार्तं → कामार्थं (misprint in Wikisource; the critical edition has kāmārthaṃ; the sense is spending for the aim of desire).

Verse 45 (13.216.45)

विचार्य गुणदोषांस्तु त्रयाणां तत्र संत्यजेत् । चतुर्थं सन्निदध्याच्च आपदर्थं शुचिस्मिते ॥

vicārya guṇadoṣāṃstu trayāṇāṃ tatra saṃtyajet | caturthaṃ sannidadhyācca āpadarthaṃ śucismite

Weighing the merits and faults of the three, he should spend there; the fourth portion he should lay aside for emergencies, O pure-smiling one,

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1462-1463; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. Wording differs from the Appendix text in places (recension variant, kept).

Verse 46 (13.216.46)

राज्यभ्रंशविनाशार्थं दुर्भिक्षार्थं च शोभने । महाव्याधिविमोक्षार्थं वार्धकस्यैव कारणात् ॥

rājyabhraṃśavināśārthaṃ durbhikṣārthaṃ ca śobhane | mahāvyādhivimokṣārthaṃ vārdhakasyaiva kāraṇāt

against the loss of the kingdom, against famine, O lovely one, for release from a grave illness, on account of old age,

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1464-1465; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null.

Verse 47 (13.216.47)

शत्रूणां प्रतिकाराय साहसैश्चाप्यमर्षणात् । प्रस्थाने चान्यदेशार्थमापदां विप्रमोक्षणे । एवमादि समुद्दिश्य सन्निदध्यात्स्वकं धनम् ॥

śatrūṇāṃ pratikārāya sāhasaiścāpyamarṣaṇāt | prasthāne cānyadeśārthamāpadāṃ vipramokṣaṇe | evamādi samuddiśya sannidadhyātsvakaṃ dhanam

for requital of enemies, for bold ventures undertaken out of indignation, for journeying to another country, and for release from misfortunes: with these in view he should lay by his own wealth.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1466-1468; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null.

Verse 48 (13.216.48)

सुखमर्थवतां लोके कृच्छ्राणां विप्रमोक्षणम् । यस्य नास्ति धनं किञ्चित्तस्य लोकद्वयं न च ॥

sukhamarthavatāṃ loke kṛcchrāṇāṃ vipramokṣaṇam | yasya nāsti dhanaṃ kiñcittasya lokadvayaṃ na ca

For men of wealth there is ease in this world and release from hardships. For one who has no wealth at all, neither of the two worlds is his.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1469-1470; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null.

Verse 49 (13.216.49)

अशनादिन्द्रियाणीव सर्वमर्थात्प्रवर्तते । निधानमात्रं यस्तेषामन्यथा विलयं व्रजेत् । एवं देवि मनुष्याणां लोकानां जीवनं प्रति ॥

aśanādindriyāṇīva sarvamarthātpravartate | nidhānamātraṃ yasteṣāmanyathā vilayaṃ vrajet | evaṃ devi manuṣyāṇāṃ lokānāṃ jīvanaṃ prati

As the senses depend on food, so everything proceeds from wealth. If one keeps, among these portions, only a hoard, it otherwise comes to ruin. Such, O goddess, is the livelihood of men in the world.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1471-1473; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. Wording differs from the Appendix text in places (recension variant, kept).

Verse 50 (13.216.50)

एवं लोकस्य वृत्तस्य लोकवृत्तं पुनः शृणु । धन्यं यशस्यमायुष्यं स्वर्ग्यं च परमं यशः ॥

evaṃ lokasya vṛttasya lokavṛttaṃ punaḥ śṛṇu | dhanyaṃ yaśasyamāyuṣyaṃ svargyaṃ ca paramaṃ yaśaḥ

Now hear again of the conduct of the world for one so living: it brings prosperity, fame and long life, leads to heaven, and is the highest renown.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1474-1475; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. Wording differs from the Appendix text in places (recension variant, kept).

Verse 51 (13.216.51)

त्रिवर्गो हि वशे युक्तः सर्वेषां संविधीयते । तथा संवर्तमानास्तु लोकयोर्हितमाप्नुयुः ॥

trivargo hi vaśe yuktaḥ sarveṣāṃ saṃvidhīyate | tathā saṃvartamānāstu lokayorhitamāpnuyuḥ

The three aims of life, when rightly held in control, are arranged for all; living so, people attain what is good in both worlds.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1476-1477; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. Wording differs from the Appendix text in places (recension variant, kept).

Verse 52 (13.216.52)

काल्योत्थानं च शौचं च देवब्राह्मणभक्तितः । गुरुणामेव शुश्रूषा ब्राह्मणेष्वभिवादनम् ॥

kālyotthānaṃ ca śaucaṃ ca devabrāhmaṇabhaktitaḥ | guruṇāmeva śuśrūṣā brāhmaṇeṣvabhivādanam

Rising at dawn, purity, devotion to gods and brahmins, service to the elders, and salutation to brahmins;

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1478-1479; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null.

Verse 53 (13.216.53)

प्रत्युत्थानं च वृद्धानां देवस्थानप्रणामनम् । आभिमुख्यं पुरस्कृत्य अतिथीनां च पूजनम् ॥

pratyutthānaṃ ca vṛddhānāṃ devasthānapraṇāmanam | ābhimukhyaṃ puraskṛtya atithīnāṃ ca pūjanam

rising to greet the aged, bowing at the shrines of the gods, facing guests with a welcoming countenance, and honouring them;

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1480-1481; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. Wording differs from the Appendix text in places (recension variant, kept).

Verse 54 (13.216.54)

वृद्धोपदेशकरणं श्रवणं हितपथ्ययोः । पोषणं भृत्यवर्गस्य सान्त्वदानपरिग्रहे ॥

vṛddhopadeśakaraṇaṃ śravaṇaṃ hitapathyayoḥ | poṣaṇaṃ bhṛtyavargasya sāntvadānaparigrahe

following the counsel of the aged, hearing what is wholesome and good for him; supporting the circle of dependants with kind words, gifts and shelter;

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1482-1483; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. Wording differs from the Appendix text in places (recension variant, kept). Corrected भूत्यवर्गस्य → भृत्यवर्गस्य (misprint in Wikisource; the critical edition has bhṛtyavargasya).

Verse 55 (13.216.55)

न्यायतः कर्मकरणमन्यायाहितवर्जितम् । सम्यग्वृत्तं स्वदारेषु दोषाणां प्रतिषेधनम् ॥

nyāyataḥ karmakaraṇamanyāyāhitavarjitam | samyagvṛttaṃ svadāreṣu doṣāṇāṃ pratiṣedhanam

doing his work justly, avoiding injustice and what does harm; good conduct toward his wives and the checking of faults;

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1484-1485; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null.

Verse 56 (13.216.56)

पुत्राणां विनयं कुर्यात्तत्तत्कार्यनियोजनम् । वर्जनं चाशुभार्थानां शुभानां जोषणं तथा ॥

putrāṇāṃ vinayaṃ kuryāttattatkāryaniyojanam | varjanaṃ cāśubhārthānāṃ śubhānāṃ joṣaṇaṃ tathā

training his sons in discipline and assigning each to his proper task; avoiding what is inauspicious and cherishing what is auspicious;

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1486-1487; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. Wording differs from the Appendix text in places (recension variant, kept).

Verse 57 (13.216.57)

कुलोचितानां धर्माणां यथावत्परिपालनम् । कुलसन्धारणं चैव पौरुषेणैव सर्वशः । एवमादि शुभं सर्वं तस्य वृत्तमिति स्थितम् ॥

kulocitānāṃ dharmāṇāṃ yathāvatparipālanam | kulasandhāraṇaṃ caiva pauruṣeṇaiva sarvaśaḥ | evamādi śubhaṃ sarvaṃ tasya vṛttamiti sthitam

keeping the duties proper to his family as they should be kept; upholding the family by his own manly effort in every way: all this is held to be his proper conduct.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1488, 1493, 1494; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. Wording differs from the Appendix text in places (recension variant, kept). Corrected यतावत् → यथावत् (misprint in Wikisource; the critical edition has yathāvat). The Appendix text has four further lines after line 1488 (lines 1489-1492, on avoiding quarrels and the like), which Wikisource lacks; not added.

Verse 58 (13.216.58)

वृद्धसेवी भवेन्नित्यं हितार्थं ज्ञानकाङ्क्षया । परार्थं नाहरेद्द्रव्यमनामन्त्र्य तु सर्वथा । न याचेत परान्धीरः स्वबाहुबलमाश्रयेत् ॥

vṛddhasevī bhavennityaṃ hitārthaṃ jñānakāṅkṣayā | parārthaṃ nāhareddravyamanāmantrya tu sarvathā | na yāceta parāndhīraḥ svabāhubalamāśrayet

He should always attend on the aged, for his own good and out of desire for knowledge; he should never take another's property without being invited; he should not beg from others, but, steadfast, rely on the strength of his own arms.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1495-1497; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null.

Verse 59 (13.216.59)

स्वशरीरं सदा रक्षेदाहाराचारयोरपि । हितं पथ्यं सदाहारं जीर्णं भुञ्जीत मात्रया ॥

svaśarīraṃ sadā rakṣedāhārācārayorapi | hitaṃ pathyaṃ sadāhāraṃ jīrṇaṃ bhuñjīta mātrayā

He should always guard his own body, in diet and in conduct. He should eat wholesome, suitable food, once the last meal is digested, and in measure.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1498-1499; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null.

Verse 60 (13.216.60)

देवतातिथिसत्कारं कृत्वा सर्वं यथाविधि । शेषं भुञ्जेच्छुचिर्भूत्वा न च भाषेत विप्रियम् ॥

devatātithisatkāraṃ kṛtvā sarvaṃ yathāvidhi | śeṣaṃ bhuñjecchucirbhūtvā na ca bhāṣeta vipriyam

Having duly honoured the gods and guests in every way, he should eat what remains, in a state of purity, and not speak anything unpleasant.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1500-1501; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null.

Verse 61 (13.216.61)

प्रतिश्रयं च पानीयं बलिं भिक्षां च सर्वतः । गृहस्थवासी सततं दद्याद्गाश्चैव पोषयेत् ॥

pratiśrayaṃ ca pānīyaṃ baliṃ bhikṣāṃ ca sarvataḥ | gṛhasthavāsī satataṃ dadyādgāścaiva poṣayet

A householder should always give shelter, water, an offering and alms to all, and he should also keep cows.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1502-1503; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. Wording differs from the Appendix text in places (recension variant, kept). Corrected तद्याद्गाश्चैव → दद्याद्गाश्चैव (misprint in Wikisource; तद्याद् for दद्याद्; the critical edition has dadyād).

Verse 62 (13.216.62)

बहिर्निष्क्रमणं चैव कुर्यात्कारणतोऽपि वा । मध्याह्ने वाऽर्धरात्रे वा गमनाय न रोचयेत् ॥

bahirniṣkramaṇaṃ caiva kuryātkāraṇato'pi vā | madhyāhne vā'rdharātre vā gamanāya na rocayet

He may go out of the house, even if only for good reason; but he should not choose to set out at midday or at midnight.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1504-1505; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. Wording differs from the Appendix text in places (recension variant, kept). Corrected कारणतोपि → कारणतोऽपि (misprint in Wikisource; missing avagraha).

Verse 63 (13.216.63)

विषयान्नावगाहेत स्वशक्त्या तु समाचरेत् । यथाऽऽयव्ययता लोके गृहस्थानां प्रपूजितम् ॥

viṣayānnāvagāheta svaśaktyā tu samācaret | yathā''yavyayatā loke gṛhasthānāṃ prapūjitam

He should not plunge into sensual pursuits, but act according to his means. Keeping expenditure in proportion to income is praised in the world for householders.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1506-1507; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. Wording differs from the Appendix text in places (recension variant, kept).

Verse 64 (13.216.64)

अयशस्करमर्थघ्नं कर्म यत्परपीडनम् । भयाद्वा यदि लोभाद्वा न कुर्वीत कदाचन ॥

ayaśaskaramarthaghnaṃ karma yatparapīḍanam | bhayādvā yadi lobhādvā na kurvīta kadācana

He should never do a deed that brings dishonour, destroys wealth, or oppresses others, whether out of fear or out of greed.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1508-1509; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. Wording differs from the Appendix text in places (recension variant, kept).

Verse 65 (13.216.65)

बुद्धिपूर्वं समालोक्य दूरतो गुणदोषतः । आरभेत तदा कर्म शुभं वा यदि वेतरत् ॥

buddhipūrvaṃ samālokya dūrato guṇadoṣataḥ | ārabheta tadā karma śubhaṃ vā yadi vetarat

He should look ahead with care, weighing its merits and faults from afar, and only then begin a deed, whether good or otherwise.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1510-1511; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null. Corrected तदा कर्भ → तदा कर्म (misprint in Wikisource; भ for म; the critical edition has karma).

Verse 66 (13.216.66)

आत्मसाक्षी भवेन्नित्यमात्मनस्तु शुभाशुभे । मनसा कर्मणा वाचा न च काङ्क्षेत पातकम् ॥

ātmasākṣī bhavennityamātmanastu śubhāśubhe | manasā karmaṇā vācā na ca kāṅkṣeta pātakam

Let him always be a witness to his own good and evil deeds, in mind, action and speech, and never desire sin.

Note on the text: Appendix I No. 15 of the critical edition (13.134.57d@15), lines 1512-1513; not in the critical edition's main text. ce_ref left null.