Sins of Mind, Speech and Body; the Origin of Drink

Verse 1 (13.231.1)

भगवन्देवदेवेश शूलपाणे वृषध्वज । श्रुतं मे परमं गुह्यं प्रसादात्ते वरप्रद ॥

bhagavandevadeveśa śūlapāṇe vṛṣadhvaja | śrutaṃ me paramaṃ guhyaṃ prasādātte varaprada

O Lord, god of gods, trident-bearer, bull-bannered! By your grace, giver of boons, I have heard the supreme secret.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2781-2782.

Verse 2 (13.231.2)

श्रोतुं भूयोऽहमिच्छामि प्रजानां हितकारणात् । शुभाशुभमिति प्रोक्तं कर्म स्वस्वं समासतः ॥

śrotuṃ bhūyo'hamicchāmi prajānāṃ hitakāraṇāt | śubhāśubhamiti proktaṃ karma svasvaṃ samāsataḥ

For the good of creatures I wish to hear more: you have spoken, in brief, of action, good and evil, each in its own kind.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2783-2784.

Verse 3 (13.231.3)

तन्मे विस्तरतो ब्रूहि शुभाशुभविधिं प्रति । अशुभं कीदृशं कर्म प्राणिनो यन्निपातयेत् ॥

tanme vistarato brūhi śubhāśubhavidhiṃ prati | aśubhaṃ kīdṛśaṃ karma prāṇino yannipātayet

Tell it to me at length, concerning the rule of good and evil: what kind of evil action is it that makes a creature fall?

Note on the text: Corrected विधइं → विधिं (misprint in Wikisource; misprint for vidhiṃ; the critical edition reads vidhiṃ). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2785-2786.

Verse 4 (13.231.4)

शुभं वापि कथं देव प्रजानामूर्ध्वदं भवेत् । एतन्मे वद देवेश श्रोतुकामाऽस्मि कीर्तय ॥

śubhaṃ vāpi kathaṃ deva prajānāmūrdhvadaṃ bhavet | etanme vada deveśa śrotukāmā'smi kīrtaya

And how, O god, can good action raise creatures upward? Tell me this, lord of gods; I wish to hear it; declare it.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2787-2788.

Verse 5 (13.231.5)

तदहं ते प्रवक्ष्यामि तत्सर्वं शृणु शोभने । सुकृतं दुष्कृतं चेति द्विविधं कर्मविस्तरम् ॥

tadahaṃ te pravakṣyāmi tatsarvaṃ śṛṇu śobhane | sukṛtaṃ duṣkṛtaṃ ceti dvividhaṃ karmavistaram

I shall tell you all that; listen, fair one. The whole extent of action is twofold: good deed and bad deed.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2789-2790.

Verse 6 (13.231.6)

तयोर्यद्दुष्कृतं कर्म तच्च सञ्जायते त्रिधा । मनसा कर्मणा वाचा बुद्धिमोहसमुद्भवात् ॥

tayoryadduṣkṛtaṃ karma tacca sañjāyate tridhā | manasā karmaṇā vācā buddhimohasamudbhavāt

Of these, the bad deed arises in three ways: by mind, by deed and by speech, springing from the bewilderment of the intellect.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2791-2792.

Verse 7 (13.231.7)

मनःपूर्वं तु वा कर्म वर्तते वाङ्मयं ततः । जायते वै क्रियायोगमनु चेष्टाक्रमः प्रिये ॥

manaḥpūrvaṃ tu vā karma vartate vāṅmayaṃ tataḥ | jāyate vai kriyāyogamanu ceṣṭākramaḥ priye

Action begins in the mind; then it takes the form of speech; and then, with the coming of performance, follows the course of bodily effort, dear one.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2793-2794.

Verse 8 (13.231.8)

अभिद्रोहोऽभ्यसूया च परार्थेषु च वै स्पृहा । शुभाशुभानां मर्त्यानां वर्तनं परिवारितम् ॥

abhidroho'bhyasūyā ca parārtheṣu ca vai spṛhā | śubhāśubhānāṃ martyānāṃ vartanaṃ parivāritam

Malice, envy and longing for what belongs to others: such attend the conduct of mortals, good and bad alike.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2795-2796.

Verse 9 (13.231.9)

धर्मकार्ये यदाऽश्रद्धा पापकर्मणि हर्षणम् । एवमाद्यशुभं कर्म मनसा पापमुच्यते ॥

dharmakārye yadā'śraddhā pāpakarmaṇi harṣaṇam | evamādyaśubhaṃ karma manasā pāpamucyate

Lack of faith in works of dharma and delight in sinful action: such evil deeds and the like are called sin of the mind.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2797-2798.

Verse 10 (13.231.10)

अनृतं यच्च परुषमबद्धवचनं कटु । असत्यं परिवादश्च पापमेतत्तु वाङ्मयम् ॥

anṛtaṃ yacca paruṣamabaddhavacanaṃ kaṭu | asatyaṃ parivādaśca pāpametattu vāṅmayam

Untruth, harshness, incoherent and bitter speech, falsehood and slander: this is sin of speech.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2799-2800.

Verse 11 (13.231.11)

अगम्यागमनं चैव परदारनिषेवणम् । वधबन्धपरिक्लेशैः परप्राणोपतापनम् ॥

agamyāgamanaṃ caiva paradāraniṣevaṇam | vadhabandhaparikleśaiḥ paraprāṇopatāpanam

Intercourse with the forbidden, attending upon another's wife, and tormenting another's life by killing, binding and harassment,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2801-2802.

Verse 12 (13.231.12)

चौर्यं परेषां द्रव्याणां हरणं नाशनं तथा । अभक्ष्यभक्षणं चैव व्यसनेष्वविषङ्गता ॥

cauryaṃ pareṣāṃ dravyāṇāṃ haraṇaṃ nāśanaṃ tathā | abhakṣyabhakṣaṇaṃ caiva vyasaneṣvaviṣaṅgatā

theft, taking or destroying the property of others, eating forbidden food, and clinging to vices,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2803-2804.

Verse 13 (13.231.13)

दर्पात्स्तम्भाभिमानाच्च परेषामुपतापनम् । अकार्याणां च करणमशौचं पानसेवनम् ॥

darpātstambhābhimānācca pareṣāmupatāpanam | akāryāṇāṃ ca karaṇamaśaucaṃ pānasevanam

tormenting others out of pride, obstinacy and conceit, doing what ought not to be done, impurity, and drinking intoxicants,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2805-2806.

Verse 14 (13.231.14)

दौःशील्यं पापसम्पर्के साहाय्यं पापकर्मणि । अधर्म्यमयशस्यं च कार्यं तस्य निषेवणम् । एवमाद्यशुभं चान्यच्छारीरं पापमुच्यते ॥

dauḥśīlyaṃ pāpasamparke sāhāyyaṃ pāpakarmaṇi | adharmyamayaśasyaṃ ca kāryaṃ tasya niṣevaṇam | evamādyaśubhaṃ cānyacchārīraṃ pāpamucyate

bad conduct, association with sinners, helping in sinful action, and the practice of what is unrighteous and brings ill fame: this and other evil of the kind is called sin of the body.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2807-2809.

Verse 15 (13.231.15)

मानसाद्वाङ्मयं पापं विशिष्टमिति लक्ष्यते । वाङ्मयादपि वै पापाच्छारीरं गण्यते बहु ॥

mānasādvāṅmayaṃ pāpaṃ viśiṣṭamiti lakṣyate | vāṅmayādapi vai pāpācchārīraṃ gaṇyate bahu

Sin of speech is held to be graver than sin of the mind, and sin of the body is counted far graver even than sin of speech.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2810-2811.

Verse 16 (13.231.16)

एवं पापयुतं कर्म त्रिविधं पातयेन्नरम् । परापकारजननमत्यन्तं पातकं स्मृतम् ॥

evaṃ pāpayutaṃ karma trividhaṃ pātayennaram | parāpakārajananamatyantaṃ pātakaṃ smṛtam

Thus sinful action, of three kinds, causes a man to fall. What produces great harm to others is held to be a deadly sin.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2812-2813.

Verse 17 (13.231.17)

त्रिविधं तत्कृतं पापं कर्तारं पापकं नयेत् । पातकं चापि यत्कर्म कर्मणा बुद्धिपूर्वकम् ॥

trividhaṃ tatkṛtaṃ pāpaṃ kartāraṃ pāpakaṃ nayet | pātakaṃ cāpi yatkarma karmaṇā buddhipūrvakam

Sin done in the three ways leads the doer to evil. And a deed that is a deadly sin, done deliberately, by act,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2814-2815.

Verse 18 (13.231.18)

सापदेशमवश्यं तत्कर्तव्यमिति तत्कृतम् । कथञ्चित्तत्कृतमपि कर्ता तेन स लिप्यते ॥

sāpadeśamavaśyaṃ tatkartavyamiti tatkṛtam | kathañcittatkṛtamapi kartā tena sa lipyate

done under some pretext, as something that had to be done: even if it was somehow done so, the doer is stained by it.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2816-2817.

Verse 19 (13.231.19)

अवश्यं पापदेशेन प्रतिहन्येत कारणम् ॥

avaśyaṃ pāpadeśena pratihanyeta kāraṇam

Of necessity, the reason offered is overturned by the naming of the sin.

Note on the text: Corrected प्रतिहृन्येत → प्रतिहन्येत (misprint in Wikisource; misprint for pratihanyeta; the critical edition reads pratihanyeta). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), line 2818.

Verse 20 (13.231.20)

भगवन्पापकं कर्म यथा कृत्वा न लिप्यते ॥

bhagavanpāpakaṃ karma yathā kṛtvā na lipyate

O Lord, by doing what sinful act is one not stained?

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), line 2819.

Verse 21 (13.231.21)

यो नरोऽनपराधी च स्वात्मप्राणस्य रक्षणात् । शत्रुमुद्यतशस्त्रं वा पूर्वं तेन हतोपि वा । प्रतिहन्यान्नरो हिंस्यान्न स पापेन लिप्यते ॥

yo naro'naparādhī ca svātmaprāṇasya rakṣaṇāt | śatrumudyataśastraṃ vā pūrvaṃ tena hatopi vā | pratihanyānnaro hiṃsyānna sa pāpena lipyate

A man who is himself without offence, who to protect his own life strikes back and kills an enemy with weapon raised, or one who had struck him first, is not stained by sin.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2821-2823. The critical edition's line 2820 comes before this and is not on the page.

Verse 22 (13.231.22)

चोरादधिकसंत्रस्तस्तत्प्रतीकारचेष्टया । यः प्रजघ्नन्नरो हन्यान्न स पापेन लिप्यते ॥

corādadhikasaṃtrastastatpratīkāraceṣṭayā | yaḥ prajaghnannaro hanyānna sa pāpena lipyate

A man gripped by great fear of a thief, who strikes and kills him in trying to defend himself, is not stained by sin.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2824-2825. The critical edition's line 2826 follows these lines and is not on the page.

Verse 23 (13.231.23)

ग्रामार्थं भर्तृपिण्डार्थं दीनानुग्रहकारणात् । वधबन्धपरिक्लेशान्कुर्वन्पापात्प्रमुच्यते ॥

grāmārthaṃ bhartṛpiṇḍārthaṃ dīnānugrahakāraṇāt | vadhabandhaparikleśānkurvanpāpātpramucyate

One who inflicts killing, binding and harassment for the sake of a village, or his master's bread, or out of kindness to the wretched, is freed from sin.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2827-2828.

Verse 24 (13.231.24)

दुर्भिक्षे चात्मवृत्त्यर्थमेकायतनगस्तथा । अकार्यं वाऽप्यभक्ष्यं वा कृत्वा पापान्न लिप्यते ॥

durbhikṣe cātmavṛttyarthamekāyatanagastathā | akāryaṃ vā'pyabhakṣyaṃ vā kṛtvā pāpānna lipyate

In a famine, for the sake of his own livelihood, left with no other resort, even if he does what ought not be done or eats what may not be eaten, he is not stained by sin.

Note on the text: Corrected पपान्न → पापान्न (misprint in Wikisource; misprint for pāpān na; the critical edition reads pāpair na). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2829-2830. The critical edition has five more lines after this (2831-2835) that are not on the page.

Verse 25 (13.231.25)

विधिरेष गृहस्थानां प्रायेणैवोपदिश्यते । अवाच्यं वाऽप्यकार्यं वा देशकालवशेन तु ॥

vidhireṣa gṛhasthānāṃ prāyeṇaivopadiśyate | avācyaṃ vā'pyakāryaṃ vā deśakālavaśena tu

This rule is generally laid down for householders, for what ought not be said or done, according to place and time.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2836-2837.

Verse 26 (13.231.26)

बुद्धिपूर्वं नरः कुर्वस्तत्प्रयोजनमात्रया । किञ्चिद्वा लिप्यते पापैरथवा न च लिप्यते ॥

buddhipūrvaṃ naraḥ kurvastatprayojanamātrayā | kiñcidvā lipyate pāpairathavā na ca lipyate

A man who acts deliberately, only as far as his purpose requires, is either slightly stained by sin or not stained at all.

Note on the text: Corrected बुद्धिपूर्व नरः → बुद्धिपूर्वं नरः (misprint in Wikisource; dropped anusvara; the critical edition reads buddhipūrvaṃ naraḥ). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2838-2839.

Verse 27 (13.231.27)

एवं देवि विजानीहि नास्ति तत्र विचारणा ॥

evaṃ devi vijānīhi nāsti tatra vicāraṇā

Know it so, O goddess; there is no doubt in this.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), line 2840.

Verse 28 (13.231.28)

भगवन्पानदोषांश्च पेयापेयत्वकारणम् । एतदिच्छाम्यहं श्रोतुं तन्मे वद महेश्वर ॥

bhagavanpānadoṣāṃśca peyāpeyatvakāraṇam | etadicchāmyahaṃ śrotuṃ tanme vada maheśvara

O Lord, I wish to hear of the faults of drinking and the reason why some things may be drunk and others not. Tell me that, Maheshvara.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2841-2842.

Verse 29 (13.231.29)

हन्त ते कथयिष्यामि पानोत्पत्तिं शुचिस्मिते ॥

hanta te kathayiṣyāmi pānotpattiṃ śucismite

Well then, I shall tell you the origin of drink, fair-smiling one.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), line 2843.

Verse 30 (13.231.30)

पुरा सर्वेऽभवन्मर्त्या बुद्धिमन्तो नयानुगाः । शुचयश्च शुभाचाराः सर्वे चोन्मनसः प्रिये ॥

purā sarve'bhavanmartyā buddhimanto nayānugāḥ | śucayaśca śubhācārāḥ sarve conmanasaḥ priye

Long ago all mortals were wise and followed right conduct, pure, of good behaviour, and all high-spirited, dear one.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2844-2845.

Verse 31 (13.231.31)

एवंभूते तदा लोके प्रेष्यकृन्न परस्परम् । प्रेष्याभावान्मनुष्याणां कर्मारम्भो ननाश ह ॥

evaṃbhūte tadā loke preṣyakṛnna parasparam | preṣyābhāvānmanuṣyāṇāṃ karmārambho nanāśa ha

When the world was so, no one employed another as a servant; for lack of servants, men's undertaking of work came to an end.

Note on the text: Corrected प्रेष्याबावान् → प्रेष्याभावान् (misprint in Wikisource; misprint for preṣyābhāvāt; the critical edition reads preṣyābhāvān). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2846-2847.

Verse 32 (13.231.32)

उभयोर्लोकयोर्नाशं दृष्ट्वा कर्मक्षयात्प्रभुः । यज्ञकर्म कथं लोके वर्तेतेति पितामहः ॥

ubhayorlokayornāśaṃ dṛṣṭvā karmakṣayātprabhuḥ | yajñakarma kathaṃ loke varteteti pitāmahaḥ

Seeing the loss of both worlds through the decay of rites, and wondering how sacrifice would go on in the world, the Grandfather

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2848-2849.

Verse 33 (13.231.33)

आज्ञापयत्सुरान्देवि मोहयस्वेति मानुषान् । तमसः सारमुद्धृत्य पानं बुद्धिप्रणाशनम् । न्यपातयन्मनुष्येषु पापदोषावहं प्रिये ॥

ājñāpayatsurāndevi mohayasveti mānuṣān | tamasaḥ sāramuddhṛtya pānaṃ buddhipraṇāśanam | nyapātayanmanuṣyeṣu pāpadoṣāvahaṃ priye

commanded the gods, O goddess: "Bewilder men." Drawing out the essence of darkness, intoxicating drink that destroys the intellect, they cast it down among men, dear one, a bearer of sin and fault.

Note on the text: Corrected बुद्धिप्रणाशनम्इ → बुद्धिप्रणाशनम् (misprint in Wikisource; stray इ after the word; the critical edition reads buddhipraṇāśanam). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2850-2852.

Verse 34 (13.231.34)

तदाप्रभृति तत्पानान्मुमुहुर्मानवा भुवि । कार्याकार्यमजानन्तो वाच्यावाच्यं गुणागुणम् ॥

tadāprabhṛti tatpānānmumuhurmānavā bhuvi | kāryākāryamajānanto vācyāvācyaṃ guṇāguṇam

From that time, by drinking it, men on earth were bewildered, not knowing what ought and ought not to be done, what may and may not be said, virtue and fault.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2853-2854.

Verse 35 (13.231.35)

केचिद्धसन्ति तत्पीत्वा प्रवदन्ति तथा परे । नृत्यन्ति मुदिताः केचिद्गायन्ति शुभाशुभान् ॥

keciddhasanti tatpītvā pravadanti tathā pare | nṛtyanti muditāḥ kecidgāyanti śubhāśubhān

Some, having drunk it, laugh; others talk on; some dance in delight; others sing songs good and bad.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2855-2856.

Verse 36 (13.231.36)

कलिं ते कुर्वतेऽभीष्टं प्रहरन्ति परस्परम् । क्वचिद्धावन्ति सहसा प्रस्खलन्ति पतन्ति च ॥

kaliṃ te kurvate'bhīṣṭaṃ praharanti parasparam | kvaciddhāvanti sahasā praskhalanti patanti ca

They quarrel as they please and strike one another; some suddenly run, stumble and fall.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2857-2858.

Verse 37 (13.231.37)

अयुक्तं बहु भाषन्ते यत्र क्वचन शोभने । नग्ना विक्षिप्य गात्राणि नष्टज्ञाना इवासते ॥

ayuktaṃ bahu bhāṣante yatra kvacana śobhane | nagnā vikṣipya gātrāṇi naṣṭajñānā ivāsate

They talk much improper talk wherever they are, fair one; naked, flinging their limbs about, they lie like people who have lost their senses.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2859-2860.

Verse 38 (13.231.38)

एवं बहुविधान्भावान्कुर्वन्ति भ्रान्तचेतनाः । ये पिबन्ति महामोहं पानं पापयुता नराः ॥

evaṃ bahuvidhānbhāvānkurvanti bhrāntacetanāḥ | ye pibanti mahāmohaṃ pānaṃ pāpayutā narāḥ

So, with minds bewildered, they do many sorts of things — those sinful men who drink that great bewilderment, intoxicating drink.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2861-2862.

Verse 39 (13.231.39)

धृतिं लज्जां च बुद्धिं च पानं पीतं प्रणाशयेत् । तस्मान्नराः सम्भवन्ति निर्लज्जा निरपत्रपाः ॥

dhṛtiṃ lajjāṃ ca buddhiṃ ca pānaṃ pītaṃ praṇāśayet | tasmānnarāḥ sambhavanti nirlajjā nirapatrapāḥ

Drink, once drunk, destroys steadiness, shame and intelligence; hence men become shameless and without modesty.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2863-2864.

Verse 40 (13.231.40)

बुद्धिसत्वैः परिक्षीणास्तेजोहीना मलान्विताः । पीत्वापीत्वा तृषायुक्ताः पानपाः सम्भवन्ति च ॥

buddhisatvaiḥ parikṣīṇāstejohīnā malānvitāḥ | pītvāpītvā tṛṣāyuktāḥ pānapāḥ sambhavanti ca

Wasted in intelligence and goodness, robbed of lustre, befouled, thirsting as they drink again and again, they become drunkards.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2865-2866.

Verse 41 (13.231.41)

पानकामाः पानकथाः पानकालाभिकाङ्क्षिणः । पानार्थं कर्मवश्यास्ते सम्भवन्ति नराधमाः ॥

pānakāmāḥ pānakathāḥ pānakālābhikāṅkṣiṇaḥ | pānārthaṃ karmavaśyāste sambhavanti narādhamāḥ

Craving drink, talking of drink, longing for the time of drinking, bound by their deeds for the sake of drink, they become the lowest of men.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2867-2868.

Verse 42 (13.231.42)

पानकामास्तृषायोगाद्बुद्धिसत्वपरिक्षयात् । पानदानां प्रेष्यकाराः पानपाः सहसाऽभवन् ॥

pānakāmāstṛṣāyogādbuddhisatvaparikṣayāt | pānadānāṃ preṣyakārāḥ pānapāḥ sahasā'bhavan

Craving drink, from thirst and the wasting of intelligence and goodness, the drinkers suddenly became servants of those who gave them drink.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2869-2870.

Verse 43 (13.231.43)

तदाप्रभृति वै लोके दीनैः पानवशैर्नरैः । कारयन्ति च कर्माणि बुद्धिमन्तस्त्वपानपाः ॥

tadāprabhṛti vai loke dīnaiḥ pānavaśairnaraiḥ | kārayanti ca karmāṇi buddhimantastvapānapāḥ

From that time on, in the world, the wise, who do not drink, have work done by wretched men under the sway of drink.

Note on the text: Corrected बुद्धिमन्तस्तु पानपाः → बुद्धिमन्तस्त्वपानपाः (misprint in Wikisource; dropped initial a, which reverses the sense; the critical edition reads buddhimantas tv apānapāḥ). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2871-2872.

Verse 44 (13.231.44)

कारुत्वमथ दासत्वं प्रेष्यतामेत्य पानपाः । सर्वकर्मकराश्चासन्पशुवद्रज्जुबन्धिताः ॥

kārutvamatha dāsatvaṃ preṣyatāmetya pānapāḥ | sarvakarmakarāścāsanpaśuvadrajjubandhitāḥ

The drinkers, reduced to the state of craftsmen, slaves and servants, did every kind of work, tied with ropes like beasts.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2873-2874.

Verse 45 (13.231.45)

पानपस्तु सुरां पीत्वा तदा बुद्धिप्रणाशनात् । कार्याकार्यस्य चाज्ञानाद्यथेष्टकरणात्स्वयम् । विदुषामविधेयत्वात्पापमेवाभिपद्यते ॥

pānapastu surāṃ pītvā tadā buddhipraṇāśanāt | kāryākāryasya cājñānādyatheṣṭakaraṇātsvayam | viduṣāmavidheyatvātpāpamevābhipadyate

A drinker, having drunk liquor, from the destruction of his intelligence, from ignorance of what should and should not be done, from doing as he pleases on his own, and from being beyond the control of the wise, falls into nothing but sin.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2875-2877.

Verse 46 (13.231.46)

परिभूतो भवेल्लोके मद्यपो मित्रभेदकः । सर्वकालमशुद्धिं च सर्वभक्षस्तथा भवेत् ॥

paribhūto bhavelloke madyapo mitrabhedakaḥ | sarvakālamaśuddhiṃ ca sarvabhakṣastathā bhavet

A drinker is despised in the world and a divider of friends; he is always impure and comes to eat anything.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2878-2879.

Verse 47 (13.231.47)

विनष्टो ज्ञातिविद्वद्भ्यः सततं कलिभावगः । परुषं कटुकं घोरं वाक्यं वदति सर्वशः ॥

vinaṣṭo jñātividvadbhyaḥ satataṃ kalibhāvagaḥ | paruṣaṃ kaṭukaṃ ghoraṃ vākyaṃ vadati sarvaśaḥ

Estranged from kinsfolk and the learned, always given to quarrel, he speaks harsh, bitter and terrible words on every side.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2880-2881. The page's footnote gives a variant for line a (विनष्टो ज्ञानविद्वद्भ्य), which is not adopted; the base reading is kept.

Verse 48 (13.231.48)

गुरूनतिवदेन्मत्तः परदारान्प्रधर्षयेत् । संविदं कुरुते शौण्डैर्न शृणोति हितं क्वचित् ॥

gurūnativadenmattaḥ paradārānpradharṣayet | saṃvidaṃ kurute śauṇḍairna śṛṇoti hitaṃ kvacit

Drunk, he insults his elders, assaults other men's wives, makes pacts with drunkards, and never listens to what is good for him.

Note on the text: Corrected शौण्डेर्न → शौण्डैर्न (misprint in Wikisource; misprint for śauṇḍair na; the critical edition reads śauṇḍair na). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2882-2883.

Verse 49 (13.231.49)

एवं बहुविधा दोषाः पानपे सन्ति शोभने । केवलं नरकं यान्ति नास्ति तत्र विचारणा । तस्मात्तद्वर्जितं सद्भिः पानमात्महितैषिभिः ॥

evaṃ bahuvidhā doṣāḥ pānape santi śobhane | kevalaṃ narakaṃ yānti nāsti tatra vicāraṇā | tasmāttadvarjitaṃ sadbhiḥ pānamātmahitaiṣibhiḥ

Thus many faults are found in the drinker, fair lady. They go simply to hell; there is no doubt of it. Therefore good people who care for their own welfare avoid drink.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2884-2886.

Verse 50 (13.231.50)

यदि पानं न वर्जेरन्सन्तश्चारित्रकारणात् । भवेदेतज्जगत्सर्वममर्यादं च निष्क्रियम् ॥

yadi pānaṃ na varjeransantaścāritrakāraṇāt | bhavedetajjagatsarvamamaryādaṃ ca niṣkriyam

If good people did not give up drink for the sake of right conduct, this whole world would be without bounds and without action.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2887-2888.

Verse 51 (13.231.51)

तस्माद्बुद्धेर्हि रक्षार्थं सद्भिः पानं विवर्जितम् । इति ते दुष्कृतं सर्वं कथितं त्रिविधं प्रिये ॥

tasmādbuddherhi rakṣārthaṃ sadbhiḥ pānaṃ vivarjitam | iti te duṣkṛtaṃ sarvaṃ kathitaṃ trividhaṃ priye

Therefore, to guard their intelligence, the good have given up drink. Thus, dear one, all the bad action has been told to you in its three kinds.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2889-2890.