Giving to Those Who Do Not Ask

Verse 1 (13.95.1)

यौ च स्यातां चरणेनोपपन्नौ । यौ विद्यया सदृशौ जन्मना च । ताभ्यां दानं कतरस्मै विशिष्ट- । मयाचमानाय च याचते च ॥

yau ca syātāṃ caraṇenopapannau | yau vidyayā sadṛśau janmanā ca | tābhyāṃ dānaṃ katarasmai viśiṣṭa- | mayācamānāya ca yācate ca

Of two men alike in conduct, alike in learning and in birth, to which should a gift be given as the better: to the one who does not ask, or to the one who asks?

Note on the text: Four lines, as CE 13.59.1 (two long lines a, c). Recension variant kept: line 1 यौ च स्यातां (CE yau tu syātāṃ).

Verse 2 (13.95.2)

श्रेयो वै याचतः पार्थ दानमाहुरयाचते । अर्हत्तमो वै धृतिमान्कृपणादकृतात्मनः ॥

śreyo vai yācataḥ pārtha dānamāhurayācate | arhattamo vai dhṛtimānkṛpaṇādakṛtātmanaḥ

A gift to one who does not ask, O Partha, is called better than a gift to one who asks; a steadfast man is far more worthy than a miserly man of unrestrained self.

Verse 3 (13.95.3)

क्षत्रियो रक्षणधृतिर्ब्राह्मणोऽनर्थनाधृतिः । ब्राह्मणो धृतिमान्विद्वान्देवान्प्रीणाति तुष्टिमान् ॥

kṣatriyo rakṣaṇadhṛtirbrāhmaṇo'narthanādhṛtiḥ | brāhmaṇo dhṛtimānvidvāndevānprīṇāti tuṣṭimān

A Kshatriya's steadfastness lies in protecting; a Brahmin's steadfastness lies in not begging; a steadfast, learned and contented Brahmin pleases the gods.

Verse 4 (13.95.4)

याच्यमाहुरनीशस्य अतिहारं च भारत । उद्वेजयन्ति याचन्ति यदा भूतानि दस्युवत् ॥

yācyamāhuranīśasya atihāraṃ ca bhārata | udvejayanti yācanti yadā bhūtāni dasyuvat

Begging, they say, belongs to one who has no power, and is an affront, O Bharata; for when people beg they alarm living beings as robbers do.

Verse 5 (13.95.5)

म्रियते याचमानो वै तमनु म्रियतेऽददत् । ददत्संजीवयत्येनमात्मानं च युधिष्ठिर ॥

mriyate yācamāno vai tamanu mriyate'dadat | dadatsaṃjīvayatyenamātmānaṃ ca yudhiṣṭhira

The man who begs dies, and the one who refuses to give dies after him; the one who gives brings him back to life, and himself too, O Yudhishthira.

Verse 6 (13.95.6)

आनृशंस्यं परो धर्मो याचते यत्प्रदीयते । अयाचतः सीदमानान्सर्वोपायैर्निमन्त्रयेत् ॥

ānṛśaṃsyaṃ paro dharmo yācate yatpradīyate | ayācataḥ sīdamānānsarvopāyairnimantrayet

Compassion is the highest dharma, in what is given to one who asks; but those who do not ask, and are in distress, you should invite by every means.

Verse 7 (13.95.7)

यदि वै तादृशा राष्ट्रे वसेयुस्ते द्विजोत्तमाः । भस्मच्छन्नानिवाग्नींस्तान्बुध्येथास्त्वं प्रयत्नतः ॥

yadi vai tādṛśā rāṣṭre vaseyuste dvijottamāḥ | bhasmacchannānivāgnīṃstānbudhyethāstvaṃ prayatnataḥ

If such excellent twice-born men live in your kingdom, you should carefully recognize them as fires covered with ashes.

Verse 8 (13.95.8)

तपसा दीप्यमानास्ते दहेयुः पृथिवीमपि । अपूज्यमानाः कौरव्य पूजार्हास्तु तथाविधाः ॥

tapasā dīpyamānāste daheyuḥ pṛthivīmapi | apūjyamānāḥ kauravya pūjārhāstu tathāvidhāḥ

Blazing with austerity, they could burn even the earth; when they are not honoured, O Kaurava, such men, though worthy of honour, can do so.

Note on the text: Line 2 (अपूज्यमानाः कौरव्य पूजार्हास्तु तथाविधाः) is the CE star line 13.59.8b*0332_01, which Wikisource carries in the text; kept.

Verse 9 (13.95.9)

पूज्या हि ज्ञानविज्ञानतपोयोगसमन्विताः । तेभ्यः पूजां प्रयुञ्जीथा ब्राह्मणेभ्यः परन्तप ॥

pūjyā hi jñānavijñānatapoyogasamanvitāḥ | tebhyaḥ pūjāṃ prayuñjīthā brāhmaṇebhyaḥ parantapa

Those endowed with knowledge, discernment, austerity and yoga are worthy of honour; offer homage to those Brahmins, O scorcher of foes,

Note on the text: Corrected परन्तपः → परन्तप (misprint in Wikisource; vocative, visarga is a misprint; CE paraṃtapa). First line = CE 13.59.8c; second line = CE 13.59.9a. The page ends this verse at the half-line with no closing mark and prints the next line separately as v. 10; the page's division is kept.

Verse 10 (13.95.10)

ददद्बहुविधान्देयानुपच्छन्दयते च तान् ॥

dadadbahuvidhāndeyānupacchandayate ca tān

giving them gifts of many kinds, and winning them over.

Note on the text: A single line, as printed on the page (label 13-95-10a); it corresponds to CE 13.59.9c (dadad bahuvidhān dāyān upacchandān ayācatām), the second half of the verse whose first half is printed at the end of v. 9. Recension variant kept: ददद्बहुविधान्देयानुपच्छन्दयते च तान्.

Verse 11 (13.95.11)

यदग्निहोत्रे सुहुते सायंप्रातर्भवेत्फलम् । विद्यावेदव्रतवति तद्दानफलमुच्यते ॥

yadagnihotre suhute sāyaṃprātarbhavetphalam | vidyāvedavratavati taddānaphalamucyate

The fruit that comes from an agnihotra well offered at evening and morning is said to be the fruit of a gift to one rich in learning, Veda and vows.

Verse 12 (13.95.12)

विद्यावेदव्रतस्नाता न व्यापाश्रयजीविनः । गूढस्वाध्यायतपसो ब्राह्मणान्संशितव्रतान् ॥

vidyāvedavratasnātā na vyāpāśrayajīvinaḥ | gūḍhasvādhyāyatapaso brāhmaṇānsaṃśitavratān

Brahmins who are graduates in learning, Veda and vows, who do not live in dependence on others, whose study and austerity are hidden, whose vows are strict:

Verse 13 (13.95.13)

कृतैरावसथैर्हृद्यैः सप्रेष्यैः सपरिच्छदैः । निमन्त्रयेथाः कौरव्य कामैश्चान्यैर्द्विजोत्तमान् ॥

kṛtairāvasathairhṛdyaiḥ sapreṣyaiḥ saparicchadaiḥ | nimantrayethāḥ kauravya kāmaiścānyairdvijottamān

invite them, O Kaurava, with pleasant dwellings built for them, with servants and furnishings, and with other things they desire, these best of the twice-born.

Verse 14 (13.95.14)

अपि ते प्रतिगृह्णीयुः श्रद्धोपेतं युधिष्ठिर । कार्यमित्येव मन्वाना धर्मज्ञाः सूक्ष्मदर्शिनः ॥

api te pratigṛhṇīyuḥ śraddhopetaṃ yudhiṣṭhira | kāryamityeva manvānā dharmajñāḥ sūkṣmadarśinaḥ

May they accept your gift, filled with faith, thinking it a duty, O Yudhishthira, those knowers of dharma who see what is subtle.

Verse 15 (13.95.15)

अपि ते ब्राह्मणा भुक्त्वा गताः सोद्धरणान्गृहान् । येषां दाराः प्रतीक्षन्ते पर्जन्यमिव कर्षकाः ॥

api te brāhmaṇā bhuktvā gatāḥ soddharaṇāngṛhān | yeṣāṃ dārāḥ pratīkṣante parjanyamiva karṣakāḥ

May those Brahmins go home after eating, carrying provisions for their households, whose wives wait for them as farmers wait for rain.

Verse 16 (13.95.16)

अन्नानि प्रातःसवने नियता ब्रह्मचारिणः । ब्राह्मणास्तात भुञ्जानास्त्रेताग्निं प्रीणयन्त्युत ॥

annāni prātaḥsavane niyatā brahmacāriṇaḥ | brāhmaṇāstāta bhuñjānāstretāgniṃ prīṇayantyuta

Disciplined celibate students take food at the morning pressing, and Brahmins who eat it, my dear, gratify the three sacred fires.

Note on the text: Recension variant kept: line 2 ब्राह्मणास्तात भुञ्जानास्त्रेताग्निं प्रीणयन्त्युत (CE brāhmaṇās tāta bhuñjānās tretāgnīn prīṇayantu te).

Verse 17 (13.95.17)

माध्यंदिनं ते सवनं ददतस्तात वर्तताम् । गोहिरण्यानि वासांसि तेनेन्द्रः प्रीयतां तव ॥

mādhyaṃdinaṃ te savanaṃ dadatastāta vartatām | gohiraṇyāni vāsāṃsi tenendraḥ prīyatāṃ tava

Let your midday pressing, my dear, go on as you give cows, gold and clothing; by that may Indra be pleased with you.

Verse 18 (13.95.18)

तृतीयं सवनं ते वै वैश्वदेवं युधिष्ठिर । यद्देवेभ्यः पितृभ्यश्च विप्रेभ्यश्च प्रयच्छसि ॥

tṛtīyaṃ savanaṃ te vai vaiśvadevaṃ yudhiṣṭhira | yaddevebhyaḥ pitṛbhyaśca viprebhyaśca prayacchasi

Your third pressing, O Yudhishthira, is the Vaishvadeva: what you give to the gods, the ancestors and the Brahmins.

Verse 19 (13.95.19)

अहिंसा सर्वभूतेभ्यः संविभागश्च सर्वशः । दमस्त्यागो धृतिः सत्यं भवत्यवभृथाय ते ॥

ahiṃsā sarvabhūtebhyaḥ saṃvibhāgaśca sarvaśaḥ | damastyāgo dhṛtiḥ satyaṃ bhavatyavabhṛthāya te

Non-violence toward all beings, sharing with all, self-restraint, renunciation, steadfastness and truth will be the final bath of your sacrifice.

Verse 20 (13.95.20)

एष ते विततो यज्ञः श्रद्धापूतः सदक्षिणः । विशिष्टः सर्वयज्ञानां नित्यं तात प्रवर्तताम् ॥

eṣa te vitato yajñaḥ śraddhāpūtaḥ sadakṣiṇaḥ | viśiṣṭaḥ sarvayajñānāṃ nityaṃ tāta pravartatām

This is your sacrifice, spread out, purified by faith and accompanied by fees; may it, the best of all sacrifices, go on for you always, my dear.

Note on the text: Corrected एथ ते चिततो → एष ते विततो (misprint in Wikisource; थ for ष and च for व; CE eṣa te vitato).