Nakula Speaks for the Householder's Life and Sacrifice

Verse 1 (12.12.1)

अर्जुनस्य वचः श्रुत्वा नकुलो वाक्यमब्रवीत् । राजानमभिसंप्रेक्ष्य सर्वधर्मभृतां वरम् ॥

arjunasya vacaḥ śrutvā nakulo vākyamabravīt | rājānamabhisaṃprekṣya sarvadharmabhṛtāṃ varam

Hearing Arjuna's words, Nakula spoke, looking at the king, the best of those who uphold all dharma.

Verse 2 (12.12.2)

अनुरुध्य महाप्राज्ञो भ्रातुश्चित्तमरिंदम । व्यूढोरस्को महाबाहुस्ताम्रास्यो मितभाषिता ॥

anurudhya mahāprājño bhrātuścittamariṃdama | vyūḍhorasko mahābāhustāmrāsyo mitabhāṣitā

Following his brother's mind, O tamer of foes, the very wise Nakula, broad-chested and mighty-armed, copper-faced and sparing of speech, said:

Verse 3 (12.12.3)

विशाखयूपे देवानां सर्वेषामग्नयश्चिताः । तस्माद्विद्धि महाराज देवाः कर्मफले स्थिताः ॥

viśākhayūpe devānāṃ sarveṣāmagnayaścitāḥ | tasmādviddhi mahārāja devāḥ karmaphale sthitāḥ

At Vishakhayupa the fire-altars of all the gods stand piled up. Know from this, great king, that even the gods rest on the fruit of action.

Note on the text: Corrected तस्माद्विद्वि → तस्माद्विद्धि (misprint in Wikisource; dropped conjunct, imperative of vid; CE viddhi). Line 1 = CE 12.12.3a; line 2 is a recension variant of CE 12.12.3c (CE devān karmapathi sthitān), kept.

Verse 4 (12.12.4)

अनास्तिकानां भूतानां प्राणदाः पितरश्च ये । तेऽपि कर्मैव कुर्वन्ति विधिं पश्यस्व पार्थिव ॥

anāstikānāṃ bhūtānāṃ prāṇadāḥ pitaraśca ye | te'pi karmaiva kurvanti vidhiṃ paśyasva pārthiva

Even those who give life to believing creatures, and the ancestors too, do nothing but act. Behold the ordinance, O lord of the earth.

Note on the text: Lines = CE 12.12.4a, 12.12.4c (the alignment found no match because the CE divides the verses differently).

Verse 5 (12.12.5)

वेदवादापविद्धास्तु तान्विद्धि भृशनास्तिकान् । न हि वेदोक्तमुत्सृज्य विप्रः सर्वेषु कर्मसु ॥

vedavādāpaviddhāstu tānviddhi bhṛśanāstikān | na hi vedoktamutsṛjya vipraḥ sarveṣu karmasu

Those who have been cast out of the Vedic way, know them to be utter unbelievers. For a brahmin does not abandon what the Veda ordains in any rite,

Note on the text: Line 1 = CE 12.12.4e; line 2 = CE 12.12.5a. The CE has a three-line verse 12.12.4, which Wikisource divides into couplets differently.

Verse 6 (12.12.6)

देवयानेन नाकस्य पृष्ठमाप्नोति भारत । अत्याश्रमानयं सर्वानित्याहुर्वेदनिश्चयाः ॥

devayānena nākasya pṛṣṭhamāpnoti bhārata | atyāśramānayaṃ sarvānityāhurvedaniścayāḥ

and by the path of the gods he reaches the height of heaven, O Bharata. Those firm in the Veda say that this order of life surpasses all the others.

Note on the text: Corrected वेदमिश्चयाः → वेदनिश्चयाः (misprint in Wikisource; म for न; CE vedaniścayāḥ). Line 1 = CE 12.12.5c; line 2 = CE 12.12.6a.

Verse 7 (12.12.7)

ब्राह्मणाः श्रुतिसंपन्नास्तान्निबोध नराधिप । वित्तानि धर्मलब्धानि क्रतुमुख्येष्ववासृजन् ॥

brāhmaṇāḥ śrutisaṃpannāstānnibodha narādhipa | vittāni dharmalabdhāni kratumukhyeṣvavāsṛjan

Know those brahmins, O ruler of men, who are rich in sacred learning and who spent wealth won by dharma on the foremost sacrifices.

Note on the text: Lines = CE 12.12.6c, 12.12.7a.

Verse 8 (12.12.8)

कृतात्मा स महाराज स वै त्यागी स्मृतो नरः ॥

kṛtātmā sa mahārāja sa vai tyāgī smṛto naraḥ

Such a self-mastered man, great king, is truly held to be the renouncer.

Note on the text: Wikisource prints this verse as a single line (12-12-8a). It is a variant of CE 12.12.7c (CE कृतात्मसु महाराज सः वै त्यागी स्मृतो नरः; Wikisource कृतात्मा स महाराज), kept as printed.

Verse 9 (12.12.9)

अनवेक्ष्य सुखादानं तथैवोर्ध्वं प्रतिष्ठितः । आत्मत्यागी महाराज स त्यागी तापसो मतः ॥

anavekṣya sukhādānaṃ tathaivordhvaṃ pratiṣṭhitaḥ | ātmatyāgī mahārāja sa tyāgī tāpaso mataḥ

One who gives no thought to taking his pleasure, and is likewise established in the higher life, who gives up himself, great king, is reckoned a renouncer, an ascetic.

Verse 10 (12.12.10)

अनिकेतः परिपतन्वृक्षमूलाश्रयो मुनिः । अयाचकः सदायोगी स त्यागी पार्थ भिक्षुकः ॥

aniketaḥ paripatanvṛkṣamūlāśrayo muniḥ | ayācakaḥ sadāyogī sa tyāgī pārtha bhikṣukaḥ

Homeless, wandering about, dwelling at the foot of a tree, a silent sage who asks for nothing and is ever in yoga, he, O Partha, is the renouncer, a mendicant.

Verse 11 (12.12.11)

क्रोधहर्षावनादृत्य पैशुन्यं च विशेषतः । विप्रो वेदानधीते यः स त्यागी गुरुपूजकः ॥

krodhaharṣāvanādṛtya paiśunyaṃ ca viśeṣataḥ | vipro vedānadhīte yaḥ sa tyāgī gurupūjakaḥ

The brahmin who studies the Vedas, setting aside anger and joy and above all slander, is a renouncer, a reverer of his teacher.

Verse 12 (12.12.12)

आश्रमांस्तुलया सर्वान्धृतानाहुर्मनीषिणः । एकतश्च त्रयो राजन्गृहस्थाश्रम एकतः ॥

āśramāṃstulayā sarvāndhṛtānāhurmanīṣiṇaḥ | ekataśca trayo rājangṛhasthāśrama ekataḥ

The wise say that all the orders of life were weighed on a scale: on one side the three, on the other the householder's order alone, O king.

Verse 13 (12.12.13)

समीक्ष्य तुलया पार्थ कामं स्वर्गं च भारत । अयं पन्था महर्षीणामियं लोकविदां गतिः ॥

samīkṣya tulayā pārtha kāmaṃ svargaṃ ca bhārata | ayaṃ panthā maharṣīṇāmiyaṃ lokavidāṃ gatiḥ

Having weighed desire and heaven on the scale, O Partha, O Bharata: this is the path of the great seers, the course of those who know the world.

Note on the text: Corrected महर्षीणाप्रियं → महर्षीणामियं (misprint in Wikisource; the critical edition reads maharṣīṇām iyaṃ lokavidāṃ gatiḥ). Line 1 differs from CE 12.12.12a (CE samīkṣate tu yo 'rthaṃ vai kāmaṃ svargaṃ ca bhārata); recension variant, kept.

Verse 14 (12.12.14)

इति यः कुरुते भावं स त्यागी भरतर्षभ । नरः परित्यज्य गृहान्वनमेति विमूढवत् ॥

iti yaḥ kurute bhāvaṃ sa tyāgī bharatarṣabha | naraḥ parityajya gṛhānvanameti vimūḍhavat

He who holds this view is the renouncer, O best of the Bharatas. A man who leaves his home and goes to the forest acts like one deluded.

Verse 15 (12.12.15)

यदा कामान्समीक्षेत धर्मवैतंसिको नरः । अथैनं मृत्युपाशेन कण्ठे बध्नाति मृत्युराट् ॥

yadā kāmānsamīkṣeta dharmavaitaṃsiko naraḥ | athainaṃ mṛtyupāśena kaṇṭhe badhnāti mṛtyurāṭ

When a man who makes a show of dharma looks upon his desires, Death, the king of death, binds his neck with the noose of death.

Note on the text: Corrected सृत्युराट् → मृत्युराट् (misprint in Wikisource; स for म; CE mṛtyurāṭ). Line 1 is a variant of CE 12.12.14a (CE dharmavaitaṃsiko 'nṛjuḥ), kept.

Verse 16 (12.12.16)

अभिमानकृतं कर्म नैतत्फलवदुच्यते । त्यागयुक्तं महाराज सर्वमेव महाफलम् ॥

abhimānakṛtaṃ karma naitatphalavaducyate | tyāgayuktaṃ mahārāja sarvameva mahāphalam

Action done out of pride is not called fruitful; but all that is joined with renunciation, great king, bears great fruit.

Verse 17 (12.12.17)

शमो दमस्तथा धैर्यं सत्यं शौचमथार्जवम् । यज्ञो धृतिश्च धर्मश्च नित्यमार्षो विधिः स्मृतः ॥

śamo damastathā dhairyaṃ satyaṃ śaucamathārjavam | yajño dhṛtiśca dharmaśca nityamārṣo vidhiḥ smṛtaḥ

Calm, self-control, steadfastness, truth, purity and uprightness, sacrifice, firmness and dharma: this is held to be the ever-abiding rule of the sages.

Verse 18 (12.12.18)

पितृदेवातिथिकृते समारम्भोऽत्र शस्यते । अत्रैव हि महाराज त्रिवर्गः केवलं फलम् ॥

pitṛdevātithikṛte samārambho'tra śasyate | atraiva hi mahārāja trivargaḥ kevalaṃ phalam

Effort undertaken for the ancestors, the gods and guests is praised here; and here alone, great king, the three aims of life are the whole reward.

Verse 19 (12.12.19)

एतस्मिन्वर्तमानस्य विधौ विप्रनिषेविते । त्यागिनः प्रसृतस्येह नोच्छित्तिर्विद्यते क्वचित् ॥

etasminvartamānasya vidhau vipraniṣevite | tyāginaḥ prasṛtasyeha nocchittirvidyate kvacit

For one who abides in this rule, followed by the brahmins, a renouncer who has set out upon it, there is never any ruin here.

Verse 20 (12.12.20)

असृजद्धि प्रजा राजन्प्रजापतिरकल्मषः । मां यक्ष्यन्तीति धर्मात्मा यज्ञैर्विविधदक्षिणैः ॥

asṛjaddhi prajā rājanprajāpatirakalmaṣaḥ | māṃ yakṣyantīti dharmātmā yajñairvividhadakṣiṇaiḥ

The stainless Prajapati, righteous in soul, created beings, O king, thinking: "They will worship me with sacrifices of many kinds and gifts."

Verse 21 (12.12.21)

वीरुधश्चैव वृक्षांश्च यज्ञार्थं वै तथौषधीः । पशूंश्चैव तथा मेध्यान्यज्ञार्थानि हवींषि च ॥

vīrudhaścaiva vṛkṣāṃśca yajñārthaṃ vai tathauṣadhīḥ | paśūṃścaiva tathā medhyānyajñārthāni havīṃṣi ca

He made creepers and trees for sacrifice, and herbs too; and clean animals, and the oblations that sacrifice requires.

Verse 22 (12.12.22)

गृहस्थाश्रमिणस्तच्च यज्ञकर्माविरोधितम् । तस्माद्गार्हस्थ्यमेवेह दुष्करं दुर्लभं तथा ॥

gṛhasthāśramiṇastacca yajñakarmāvirodhitam | tasmādgārhasthyameveha duṣkaraṃ durlabhaṃ tathā

That belongs to those in the householder's order and does not conflict with the work of sacrifice. Therefore the householder's life is hard here, and hard to obtain.

Verse 23 (12.12.23)

तत्संप्राप्य गृहस्था ये पशुधान्यधनान्विताः । न यजन्ते महाराज शाश्वतं तेषु किल्विषम् ॥

tatsaṃprāpya gṛhasthā ye paśudhānyadhanānvitāḥ | na yajante mahārāja śāśvataṃ teṣu kilviṣam

Householders who have obtained it, rich in cattle, grain and wealth, and yet do not sacrifice, great king, on them rests lasting sin.

Verse 24 (12.12.24)

स्वाध्याययज्ञा ऋषयो ज्ञानयज्ञास्तथा परे । अथापरे महायज्ञान्मनस्येव वितन्वते ॥

svādhyāyayajñā ṛṣayo jñānayajñāstathā pare | athāpare mahāyajñānmanasyeva vitanvate

Some sages have study as their sacrifice, others have knowledge as their sacrifice, and yet others perform great sacrifices in the mind alone.

Note on the text: Lines = CE 12.12.23a, 12.12.23c. After this verse the CE prints a long inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 1, 41 lines, 12.12.23d@001_0001-0041), which Wikisource has as verses 25-43.

Verse 25 (12.12.25)

इदमन्यन्महाराज विद्वद्भिः कथितं मम । भूमिरग्निश्च वायुश्च न चापो न दिवाकरः ॥

idamanyanmahārāja vidvadbhiḥ kathitaṃ mama | bhūmiragniśca vāyuśca na cāpo na divākaraḥ

There is also this, great king, that learned men have told me: there is no earth, no fire, no wind, no water, no sun,

Note on the text: Removed a stray backtick opening the passage (printed before इदम्). Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 1-2 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 1, printed after 12.12.23 as 12.12.23d@001_0001-0002); Wikisource divides it into verses differently.

Verse 26 (12.12.26)

नक्षत्राणि न चन्द्रश्च न दिशः काल एव च । शब्दः स्पर्शश्च रूपं च न गन्धो न रसः क्वचित् ॥

nakṣatrāṇi na candraśca na diśaḥ kāla eva ca | śabdaḥ sparśaśca rūpaṃ ca na gandho na rasaḥ kvacit

no stars, no moon, no directions, not even time; sound, touch and form do not exist, nor smell, nor taste, anywhere.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 3-4 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 1, printed after 12.12.23 as 12.12.23d@001_0003-0004); Wikisource divides it into verses differently.

Verse 27 (12.12.27)

न च सन्ति प्रमाणानि यैः प्रमेयं प्रसाध्यते । प्रत्यक्षमनुमानं न नोपमानमथागमः ॥

na ca santi pramāṇāni yaiḥ prameyaṃ prasādhyate | pratyakṣamanumānaṃ na nopamānamathāgamaḥ

There are no means of knowledge by which the object of knowledge could be established: not perception, not inference, nor comparison, nor scripture,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 5-6 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 1, printed after 12.12.23 as 12.12.23d@001_0005-0006); Wikisource divides it into verses differently.

Verse 28 (12.12.28)

नार्थापत्तिर्न चैतिह्यं न दृष्टान्तो न संशयः । न क्वचिन्निर्णयो राजन्न धर्माधर्म एव च ॥

nārthāpattirna caitihyaṃ na dṛṣṭānto na saṃśayaḥ | na kvacinnirṇayo rājanna dharmādharma eva ca

nor presumption, nor tradition, nor illustrative example, nor doubt. Nowhere is there any settled conclusion, O king, nor dharma and adharma either.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 7-8 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 1, printed after 12.12.23 as 12.12.23d@001_0007-0008); Wikisource divides it into verses differently.

Verse 29 (12.12.29)

तिर्यक्च स्थावरं चैव न देवा न च मानुषाः । वर्णाश्रमविभागाश्च न च कर्ता न कामकृत् । न चार्थश्च विभूतिश्च न चार्थस्य विचेष्टितम् ॥

tiryakca sthāvaraṃ caiva na devā na ca mānuṣāḥ | varṇāśramavibhāgāśca na ca kartā na kāmakṛt | na cārthaśca vibhūtiśca na cārthasya viceṣṭitam

There are no beasts and no plants, no gods and no humans, no divisions of caste and order of life, no doer and no one who acts from desire, no wealth, no prosperity, no effort for wealth.

Note on the text: Corrected तिर्यक्व → तिर्यक्च (misprint in Wikisource; व for च; CE tiryak ca). Three-line verse (12-12-29a/b/c). Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 9-11 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 1, printed after 12.12.23 as 12.12.23d@001_0009-0011); Wikisource divides it into verses differently. Line 2 ends न कामकृत् where the CE reads न कर्मकृत्; line 3 is the CE line @001_0011 as printed; recension variant, kept.

Verse 30 (12.12.30)

तमोभूतमिदं सर्वमनालोकं जगन्नृप । न चात्मा विद्यमानोपि मनसा योगमिच्छति ॥

tamobhūtamidaṃ sarvamanālokaṃ jagannṛpa | na cātmā vidyamānopi manasā yogamicchati

All this has become darkness, O king, a world without light; and the self, though it exists, does not seek union with the mind.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 12-13 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 1, printed after 12.12.23 as 12.12.23d@001_0012-0013); Wikisource divides it into verses differently.

Verse 31 (12.12.31)

अचेतनं मनस्त्वासीदात्मा एव सचेतनः । ईश्वरश्चेतनस्त्वेकस्तेनेदं गहनीकृतम् । मन्त्राश्च चेतना राजन्न च देहेन योजिताः ॥

acetanaṃ manastvāsīdātmā eva sacetanaḥ | īśvaraścetanastvekastenedaṃ gahanīkṛtam | mantrāśca cetanā rājanna ca dehena yojitāḥ

The mind was insentient; only the self is sentient. The Lord alone is the conscious one, and by him this world was made dense and hard to fathom. The mantras too are conscious, O king, though not joined to a body.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 14-16 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 1, printed after 12.12.23 as 12.12.23d@001_0014-0016); Wikisource divides it into verses differently. Three-line verse (12-12-31a/b/c).

Verse 32 (12.12.32)

तेन विश्वसृजो नाम ऋषयो मन्त्रदेवताः । चैतन्यमीश्वरात्प्राप्य ब्रह्माण्डं तैर्विनिर्मितम् ॥

tena viśvasṛjo nāma ṛṣayo mantradevatāḥ | caitanyamīśvarātprāpya brahmāṇḍaṃ tairvinirmitam

Through him the seers called Vishvasrij, the divinities of the mantras, received consciousness from the Lord and fashioned the cosmic egg.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 17-18 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 1, printed after 12.12.23 as 12.12.23d@001_0017-0018); Wikisource divides it into verses differently. Line 1 begins तेन विश्वसृजो (CE ते च विश्वसृजो); variant, kept.

Verse 33 (12.12.33)

इष्ट्वा विश्वसृजं यज्ञं निर्मितः प्रपितामहः । सृष्टिस्तेन समारब्धा प्रसादादीश्वरस्य च ॥

iṣṭvā viśvasṛjaṃ yajñaṃ nirmitaḥ prapitāmahaḥ | sṛṣṭistena samārabdhā prasādādīśvarasya ca

Having offered the Vishvasrij sacrifice, the Great-grandsire came to be; by him creation was begun, by the Lord's grace.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 19-20 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 1, printed after 12.12.23 as 12.12.23d@001_0019-0020); Wikisource divides it into verses differently.

Verse 34 (12.12.34)

चैतन्यमीश्वरस्येदं सचेतनमिदं जगत् । योगेन च समाविष्टं जगत्कृत्स्नं च शंभुना ॥

caitanyamīśvarasyedaṃ sacetanamidaṃ jagat | yogena ca samāviṣṭaṃ jagatkṛtsnaṃ ca śaṃbhunā

This is the consciousness of the Lord, by which this world is conscious; and the whole world is pervaded by Shambhu through yoga.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 21-22 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 1, printed after 12.12.23 as 12.12.23d@001_0021-0022); Wikisource divides it into verses differently.

Verse 35 (12.12.35)

धर्मश्चार्थश्च कामश्च उक्तो मोक्षश्च संक्षये । ब्रह्मणः परमेशस्य ईश्वरेण यदृच्छया ॥

dharmaścārthaśca kāmaśca ukto mokṣaśca saṃkṣaye | brahmaṇaḥ parameśasya īśvareṇa yadṛcchayā

Dharma, wealth and desire, and liberation at the dissolution, were declared by the Lord, of his own will, for Brahma, the supreme master.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 23-24 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 1, printed after 12.12.23 as 12.12.23d@001_0023-0024); Wikisource divides it into verses differently.

Verse 36 (12.12.36)

अज्ञो जन्तुरनीशश्च भाजनं सुखदुःखयोः । ईश्वरप्रेरितो गच्छेत्स्वर्गं वा श्वभ्रमेव वा ॥

ajño janturanīśaśca bhājanaṃ sukhaduḥkhayoḥ | īśvaraprerito gacchetsvargaṃ vā śvabhrameva vā

The ignorant creature, who has no lordship, is a vessel of pleasure and pain; driven by the Lord, he goes to heaven or to hell.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 25-26 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 1, printed after 12.12.23 as 12.12.23d@001_0025-0026); Wikisource divides it into verses differently.

Verse 37 (12.12.37)

प्रधानं पुरुषः चैव आत्मानं सर्वदेहिनाम् । मनसा विषयैश्चैव चेतनेन प्रचोदिताः । सुखदुःखेन युज्यन्ते कर्मभिश्च प्रचोदिताः ॥

pradhānaṃ puruṣaḥ caiva ātmānaṃ sarvadehinām | manasā viṣayaiścaiva cetanena pracoditāḥ | sukhaduḥkhena yujyante karmabhiśca pracoditāḥ

Primal nature and spirit, and the self of all embodied beings, driven by the mind, by the objects of sense and by the conscious one, are joined to pleasure and pain, and driven by their deeds.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 27-29 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 1, printed after 12.12.23 as 12.12.23d@001_0027-0029); Wikisource divides it into verses differently. Three-line verse (12-12-37a/b/c).

Verse 38 (12.12.38)

वर्णाश्रमविभागाश्च ईश्वरेण प्रवर्तिताः । सदेवासुरगन्धर्वं येनेदं निर्मितं जगत् ॥

varṇāśramavibhāgāśca īśvareṇa pravartitāḥ | sadevāsuragandharvaṃ yenedaṃ nirmitaṃ jagat

The divisions of caste and order of life were set in motion by the Lord, by whom this world with its gods, asuras and gandharvas was made.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 30-31 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 1, printed after 12.12.23 as 12.12.23d@001_0030-0031); Wikisource divides it into verses differently.

Verse 39 (12.12.39)

त्वं चान्ये च महाराज ईश्वरस्य वशे स्थिताः । जीवन्ते च म्रियन्ते च न स्वतन्त्राः कथंचन ॥

tvaṃ cānye ca mahārāja īśvarasya vaśe sthitāḥ | jīvante ca mriyante ca na svatantrāḥ kathaṃcana

You and others, great king, stand in the Lord's power; they live and die, and are in no way free.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 32-33 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 1, printed after 12.12.23 as 12.12.23d@001_0032-0033); Wikisource divides it into verses differently.

Verse 40 (12.12.40)

हित्वाहित्वा च भूतानि हत्वा सर्वमिदं जगत् । यजन्ते कर्मणा देवा न स पापेन लिप्यते ॥

hitvāhitvā ca bhūtāni hatvā sarvamidaṃ jagat | yajante karmaṇā devā na sa pāpena lipyate

Giving up beings again and again and slaying all this world, the gods sacrifice by their rite; he is not stained by sin.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 34-35 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 1, printed after 12.12.23 as 12.12.23d@001_0034-0035); Wikisource divides it into verses differently.

Verse 41 (12.12.41)

हिंसात्मकानि कर्माणि सर्वेषां गृहमेधिनाम् । देवतानामृषीणां च ते च यान्ति परां गतिम् ॥

hiṃsātmakāni karmāṇi sarveṣāṃ gṛhamedhinām | devatānāmṛṣīṇāṃ ca te ca yānti parāṃ gatim

The acts of all householders, of gods and of seers, involve harm, and yet they reach the supreme goal.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 36-37 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 1, printed after 12.12.23 as 12.12.23d@001_0036-0037); Wikisource divides it into verses differently.

Verse 42 (12.12.42)

पातिताः शत्रवः पूर्व सर्वत्र वसुधाधिपैः । प्रजानां हितकामैश्च आत्मनश्च हितैषिभिः ॥

pātitāḥ śatravaḥ pūrva sarvatra vasudhādhipaiḥ | prajānāṃ hitakāmaiśca ātmanaśca hitaiṣibhiḥ

In the past, lords of the earth everywhere struck down their enemies, desiring the good of their subjects and seeking their own welfare.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 38-39 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 1, printed after 12.12.23 as 12.12.23d@001_0038-0039); Wikisource divides it into verses differently.

Verse 43 (12.12.43)

यदि तत्र भवेत्पापं कथं ते स्वर्गमास्थिताः । न प्राप्ता नरकं राजन्वेष्टिताः पापकर्मभिः ॥

yadi tatra bhavetpāpaṃ kathaṃ te svargamāsthitāḥ | na prāptā narakaṃ rājanveṣṭitāḥ pāpakarmabhiḥ

If there were sin in that, how did they come to stand in heaven? They did not reach hell, O king, though surrounded by sinful deeds.

Note on the text: Removed a stray quote mark (') printed after the verse-end mark, which closes the backtick-opened passage. Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 40-41 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 1, printed after 12.12.23 as 12.12.23d@001_0040-0041); Wikisource divides it into verses differently.

Verse 44 (12.12.44)

एवं मनःसमाधानं मार्गमातिष्ठतो नृप । द्विजातेर्ब्रह्मभूतस्य स्पृहयन्ति दिवौकसः ॥

evaṃ manaḥsamādhānaṃ mārgamātiṣṭhato nṛpa | dvijāterbrahmabhūtasya spṛhayanti divaukasaḥ

Heaven-dwellers long for a twice-born man who walks this path of steadied mind and has become one with Brahman.

Note on the text: Variant of CE 12.12.24a (CE evaṃ dānasamādhānaṃ; Wikisource मनःसमाधानं), kept.

Verse 45 (12.12.45)

स रत्नानि विचित्राणि संहृतानि ततस्ततः । मखेष्वनभिसन्त्यज्य नास्तिक्यमभिजल्पसि ॥

sa ratnāni vicitrāṇi saṃhṛtāni tatastataḥ | makheṣvanabhisantyajya nāstikyamabhijalpasi

You gather varied jewels from here and there and do not give them up in sacrifices, and yet you speak the language of unbelief.

Note on the text: Lines = CE 12.12.25a, 12.12.25c.

Verse 46 (12.12.46)

कुटुम्बमास्थिते त्यागं न पश्यामि नराधिप । राजसूयाश्वमेधेषु सर्वमेधेषु वा पुनः ॥

kuṭumbamāsthite tyāgaṃ na paśyāmi narādhipa | rājasūyāśvamedheṣu sarvamedheṣu vā punaḥ

I do not see renunciation in one who stays with his household, O lord of men; and in the Rajasuya, the Ashvamedha, or again the Sarvamedha,

Note on the text: Line 1 = CE 12.12.25e; line 2 = CE 12.12.26a.

Verse 47 (12.12.47)

ये चान्ये क्रतवस्तात ब्राह्मणैरभिपूजिताः । तैर्यजस्व महीपाल शक्रो देवपतिर्यथा ॥

ye cānye kratavastāta brāhmaṇairabhipūjitāḥ | tairyajasva mahīpāla śakro devapatiryathā

and in the other sacrifices, dear king, that brahmins honour, perform them, O protector of the earth, as Shakra, lord of the gods, did.

Note on the text: Lines = CE 12.12.26c, 12.12.26e. Line 2 reads महीपाल where the CE has महाराज; variant, kept.

Verse 48 (12.12.48)

राज्ञः प्रमाददोषेण दस्युभिः परिमुष्यताम् । अशरण्यः प्रजानां यः स राजा कलिरुच्यते ॥

rājñaḥ pramādadoṣeṇa dasyubhiḥ parimuṣyatām | aśaraṇyaḥ prajānāṃ yaḥ sa rājā kalirucyate

A king whose negligence lets his people be plundered by robbers, and who is no refuge to them, is called the Kali among kings.

Verse 49 (12.12.49)

अश्वान्गाश्चैव दासीश्च करेणूश्च स्वलंकृताः । ग्रामाञ्जनपदांश्चैव क्षेत्राणि च गृहाणि च ॥

aśvāngāścaiva dāsīśca kareṇūśca svalaṃkṛtāḥ | grāmāñjanapadāṃścaiva kṣetrāṇi ca gṛhāṇi ca

Horses, cows, maidservants, richly adorned she-elephants, villages, districts, fields and houses:

Verse 50 (12.12.50)

अप्रदाय द्विजातिभ्यो मात्सर्याविष्टचेतसः । वयं ते राजकलयो भविष्याम विशांपते ॥

apradāya dvijātibhyo mātsaryāviṣṭacetasaḥ | vayaṃ te rājakalayo bhaviṣyāma viśāṃpate

if, with minds full of envy, we do not give these to the twice-born, O lord of men, we shall become kings of the Kali kind.

Verse 51 (12.12.51)

अदातारोऽशरण्याश्च राजकिल्विषभागिनः । दुःखानामेव भोक्तारो न सुखानां कदाचन ॥

adātāro'śaraṇyāśca rājakilviṣabhāginaḥ | duḥkhānāmeva bhoktāro na sukhānāṃ kadācana

Givers of nothing, refuge of none, sharers in a king's guilt, they enjoy only sorrows and never pleasures.

Verse 52 (12.12.52)

अनिष्ट्वा च महायज्ञैरकृत्वा च पितृस्वधाम् । तीर्थेष्वनभिसंप्लुत्य प्रव्रजिष्यसि चेत्प्रभो ॥

aniṣṭvā ca mahāyajñairakṛtvā ca pitṛsvadhām | tīrtheṣvanabhisaṃplutya pravrajiṣyasi cetprabho

If you go forth as a wanderer, O lord, without having sacrificed with the great sacrifices, without having offered the ancestors their svadha, without having bathed in the sacred fords,

Verse 53 (12.12.53)

छिन्नाभ्रमिव गन्तासि विलयं मारुतेरितम् । लोकयोरुभयोर्भ्रष्टो ह्यन्तराले व्यवस्थितः ॥

chinnābhramiva gantāsi vilayaṃ māruteritam | lokayorubhayorbhraṣṭo hyantarāle vyavasthitaḥ

you will go to ruin like a torn cloud driven by the wind, fallen from both worlds and left hanging in between.

Verse 54 (12.12.54)

अन्तर्बहिश्च यत्किंचिन्मनोव्यासङ्गकारकम् । परित्यज्य भवेत्त्यागी न हित्वा प्रतितिष्ठति ॥

antarbahiśca yatkiṃcinmanovyāsaṅgakārakam | parityajya bhavettyāgī na hitvā pratitiṣṭhati

Whatever within or without makes the mind cling, give that up and one becomes a renouncer; one who merely abandons without becoming established does not stand firm.

Verse 55 (12.12.55)

एतस्मिन्वर्तमानस्य विधौ विप्रनिषेविते । ब्राह्मणस्य महाराज नोच्छित्तिर्विद्यते क्वचित् ॥

etasminvartamānasya vidhau vipraniṣevite | brāhmaṇasya mahārāja nocchittirvidyate kvacit

For a brahmin who abides in this rule followed by brahmins, great king, there is never any ruin.

Verse 56 (12.12.56)

निहत्य शत्रूंस्तरसा समृद्धाञ्शक्रो यथा दैत्यबलानि सङ्ख्ये । कः पार्थ शोचेन्निरतः स्वधर्मे पूर्वैः स्मृते पार्थिवशिष्टजुष्टे ॥

nihatya śatrūṃstarasā samṛddhāñśakro yathā daityabalāni saṅkhye | kaḥ pārtha śocennirataḥ svadharme pūrvaiḥ smṛte pārthivaśiṣṭajuṣṭe

Having swiftly slain prosperous foes, as Shakra slew the hosts of the Daityas in battle, who, O Partha, devoted to his own dharma, which the ancients remembered and good kings practised, would grieve?

Note on the text: Lines = CE 12.12.35a, 12.12.35c. After this verse the CE has a star passage (12.12.35d*0012_01-02, na cāpi śociti hatāḥ svadharme / pūrvaiḥ kṛte pārthivamukhyamukhyaiḥ) that Wikisource does not have; not added.

Verse 57 (12.12.57)

क्षात्रेण धर्मेण पराक्रमेण जित्वा महीं मन्त्रविद्भ्यः प्रदाय । नाकस्य पृष्ठेऽसि नरेन्द्र गन्ता न शोचितव्यं भवताऽद्य पार्थ ॥

kṣātreṇa dharmeṇa parākrameṇa jitvā mahīṃ mantravidbhyaḥ pradāya | nākasya pṛṣṭhe'si narendra gantā na śocitavyaṃ bhavatā'dya pārtha

Having won the earth by the kshatriya's dharma and valour and given it to those learned in the mantras, you will go to the height of heaven, O king. You need not grieve now, O Partha.