The Prajapatis, the Adityas and the Sages of the Quarters

Verse 1 (12.207.1)

के पूर्वमासन्पतयः प्रजानां भरतर्षभ । के चर्षयो महाभागा दिक्षु प्रत्येकशः स्थिताः ॥

ke pūrvamāsanpatayaḥ prajānāṃ bharatarṣabha | ke carṣayo mahābhāgā dikṣu pratyekaśaḥ sthitāḥ

Who were the first lords of creatures, O best of the Bharatas? And who were the sages of great fortune who stood, each in his own quarter?

Verse 2 (12.207.2)

श्रूयतां भरतश्रेष्ठ यन्मां त्वं परिपृच्छसि । प्रजानां पतयो ये च दिक्षु ये चर्षयः स्मृताः ॥

śrūyatāṃ bharataśreṣṭha yanmāṃ tvaṃ paripṛcchasi | prajānāṃ patayo ye ca dikṣu ye carṣayaḥ smṛtāḥ

Listen, best of the Bharatas, to what you ask me: who the lords of creatures are, and who the sages remembered in the quarters.

Verse 3 (12.207.3)

एकः स्वयंभूर्भगवानाद्यो ब्रह्मा सनातनः । ब्रह्मणः सप्त वै पुत्रा महात्मानः स्वयंभुवः ॥

ekaḥ svayaṃbhūrbhagavānādyo brahmā sanātanaḥ | brahmaṇaḥ sapta vai putrā mahātmānaḥ svayaṃbhuvaḥ

There is one, the Lord Brahma, self-born, primal and eternal. Brahma had seven sons, great-souled, born of the Self-born.

Verse 4 (12.207.4)

मरीचिरत्र्यङ्गिरसौ पुलस्त्यः पुलहः क्रतुः । वसिष्ठश्च महाभागः सदृशो वै स्वयंभुवा ॥

marīciratryaṅgirasau pulastyaḥ pulahaḥ kratuḥ | vasiṣṭhaśca mahābhāgaḥ sadṛśo vai svayaṃbhuvā

Marichi, Atri, Angiras, Pulastya, Pulaha and Kratu, and Vasishtha of great fortune, each the equal of the Self-born.

Verse 5 (12.207.5)

सप्त ब्रह्मण इत्येते पुराणे निश्चयं गताः । अत ऊर्ध्वं प्रवक्ष्यामि सर्वानेव प्रजापतीन् ॥

sapta brahmaṇa ityete purāṇe niścayaṃ gatāḥ | ata ūrdhvaṃ pravakṣyāmi sarvāneva prajāpatīn

These are the seven Brahmas, so the Purana has settled it. Beyond these I shall name all the Prajapatis.

Verse 6 (12.207.6)

अत्रिवंशसमुत्पन्नो ब्रह्मयोनिः सनातनः । प्राचीनबर्हिर्भगवांस्तस्मात्प्राचेतसो दश ॥

atrivaṃśasamutpanno brahmayoniḥ sanātanaḥ | prācīnabarhirbhagavāṃstasmātprācetaso daśa

From the line of Atri was born the eternal Lord Prachinabarhis, sprung from Brahma; from him came the ten Prachetasas.

Note on the text: Corrected अत्रिवंशतमुत्पन्नो → अत्रिवंशसमुत्पन्नो and प्राचनवर्हिर् → प्राचीनबर्हिर् (misprints in Wikisource; neither is a word in context; the critical edition 12.201.6 reads atrivaṃśasamutpanno and prācīnabarhir).

Verse 7 (12.207.7)

दशानां तनयस्त्वेको दक्षो नाम प्रजापतिः । तस्य द्वे नामनी लोके दक्षः क इति चोच्यते ॥

daśānāṃ tanayastveko dakṣo nāma prajāpatiḥ | tasya dve nāmanī loke dakṣaḥ ka iti cocyate

Of those ten there was one son, the Prajapati named Daksha. He has two names in the world: he is called Daksha, and also Ka.

Verse 8 (12.207.8)

मरीचेः कश्यपः पुत्रस्तस्य द्वे नामनी स्मृते । अरिष्टनेमिरित्येके कश्यपेत्यपरे विदुः ॥

marīceḥ kaśyapaḥ putrastasya dve nāmanī smṛte | ariṣṭanemirityeke kaśyapetyapare viduḥ

Marichi's son was Kashyapa, and he too is remembered by two names: some know him as Arishtanemi, others as Kashyapa.

Verse 9 (12.207.9)

अत्रेश्चैवौरसः श्रीमान्राजा सोमश्च वीर्यवान् । सहस्रं यश्च दिव्यानां युगानां पर्युपासिता ॥

atreścaivaurasaḥ śrīmānrājā somaśca vīryavān | sahasraṃ yaśca divyānāṃ yugānāṃ paryupāsitā

Atri's own son was the glorious king Soma, full of valor, who attended upon a thousand divine ages,

Verse 10 (12.207.10)

अर्यमा चैव भगवान्ये चास्य तनया विभो । एते प्रदेशाः कथिता भुवनानां प्रभावनाः ॥

aryamā caiva bhagavānye cāsya tanayā vibho | ete pradeśāḥ kathitā bhuvanānāṃ prabhāvanāḥ

and the blessed Aryaman, and those others who are his sons, O lord. These have been named as the rulers, the makers of the worlds.

Verse 11 (12.207.11)

शशबिन्दोश्च भार्याणां सहस्राणि दशाच्युत । एकैकस्यां सहस्रं तु तनयानामभूत्तदा ॥

śaśabindośca bhāryāṇāṃ sahasrāṇi daśācyuta | ekaikasyāṃ sahasraṃ tu tanayānāmabhūttadā

Shashabindu had ten thousand wives, O Achyuta, and each of them bore a thousand sons.

Verse 12 (12.207.12)

एवं शतसहस्राणि दश तस्य महात्मनः । पुत्राणां च न ते कंचिदिच्छन्त्यन्यं प्रजापतिम् ॥

evaṃ śatasahasrāṇi daśa tasya mahātmanaḥ | putrāṇāṃ ca na te kaṃcidicchantyanyaṃ prajāpatim

Thus that great-souled one had ten hundred-thousands of sons, and they wished for no other Prajapati.

Note on the text: Corrected संचिदिच्छन्त्यन्यं → कंचिदिच्छन्त्यन्यं (misprint in Wikisource; "saṃcid" is not a word here; the critical edition 12.201.12c reads kaṃ cid icchanty anyaṃ).

Verse 13 (12.207.13)

प्रजामाचक्षते विप्राः पुराणाः शाशबिन्दवीम् । स वृष्णिवंशप्रभवो महावंशः प्रजापतेः ॥

prajāmācakṣate viprāḥ purāṇāḥ śāśabindavīm | sa vṛṣṇivaṃśaprabhavo mahāvaṃśaḥ prajāpateḥ

The ancient brahmins call that progeny the Shashabindavi. That great line of the Prajapati arose from the Vrishni lineage.

Verse 14 (12.207.14)

एते प्रजानां पतयः समुद्दिष्टा यशस्विनः ॥

ete prajānāṃ patayaḥ samuddiṣṭā yaśasvinaḥ

These, the renowned lords of creatures, have been described.

Note on the text: Line is 12.201.14a. Wikisource then runs on with the critical edition's star passage 12.201.14b*0547 (verses 15 and the first line of 16), and the CE's closing line 14c (ataḥ paraṃ pravakṣyāmi…) is the second line of verse 16.

Verse 15 (12.207.15)

शशबिन्दुस्तु राजर्षिर्महायोगी महामनाः । अध्यात्मवित्सहस्राणां भार्याणां दशमध्यगः ॥

śaśabindustu rājarṣirmahāyogī mahāmanāḥ | adhyātmavitsahasrāṇāṃ bhāryāṇāṃ daśamadhyagaḥ

The royal sage Shashabindu, a great yogi of great mind, a knower of the Self, stood in the midst of his ten thousand wives.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text (found in the vulgate recension); the critical edition records it as the star passage 12.201.14b*0547 (lines 01–02). Page and table agree on the division.

Verse 16 (12.207.16)

स योगी योगमापन्नस्ततः सायुज्यतां गतः । अतः परं प्रवक्ष्यामि देवांस्त्रिभुवनेश्वरान् ॥

sa yogī yogamāpannastataḥ sāyujyatāṃ gataḥ | ataḥ paraṃ pravakṣyāmi devāṃstribhuvaneśvarān

That yogi, having attained yoga, then reached union with the divine. Now I shall speak of the gods, the lords of the three worlds.

Note on the text: Line 1 is the star line 12.201.14b*0547_03; line 2 is 12.201.14c. Removed a stray apostrophe printed after the first line (wiki mark).

Verse 17 (12.207.17)

भगोंऽशश्चार्यमा चैव मित्रोऽथ वरुणस्तथा । सविता चैव घाता च विवस्वांश्च महाबलः ॥

bhagoṃ'śaścāryamā caiva mitro'tha varuṇastathā | savitā caiva ghātā ca vivasvāṃśca mahābalaḥ

Bhaga, Amsha, Aryaman, Mitra and Varuna, Savita, Dhata, and the mighty Vivasvan,

Verse 18 (12.207.18)

त्वष्टा पूषा तथैवेन्द्रो द्वादशो विष्णुरुच्यते । इत्येते द्वादशादित्याः कश्यपस्यात्मसंभवाः ॥

tvaṣṭā pūṣā tathaivendro dvādaśo viṣṇurucyate | ityete dvādaśādityāḥ kaśyapasyātmasaṃbhavāḥ

Tvashta, Pusha, Indra, and Vishnu who is called the twelfth: these are the twelve Adityas, born of Kashyapa himself.

Verse 19 (12.207.19)

नासत्यश्चैव दस्रश्च स्मृतो द्वावश्विनावपि । मार्तण्डस्यात्मजावेतावष्टमस्य प्रजापतेः ॥

nāsatyaścaiva dasraśca smṛto dvāvaśvināvapi | mārtaṇḍasyātmajāvetāvaṣṭamasya prajāpateḥ

Nasatya and Dasra are remembered as the two Ashvins; they are the sons of Martanda, the eighth Prajapati.

Note on the text: Corrected आत्मस्य → अष्टमस्य (misprint in Wikisource; "ātmasya" gives no sense with प्रजापतेः; the critical edition 12.201.17c reads aṣṭamasya prajāpateḥ).

Verse 20 (12.207.20)

त्वष्टुश्चैवात्मजः श्रीमान्विश्वरूपो महायशाः ॥

tvaṣṭuścaivātmajaḥ śrīmānviśvarūpo mahāyaśāḥ

And Tvashta's son was the glorious Vishvarupa, of great fame.

Note on the text: Line is 12.201.18a; the CE's line 18c opens the next verse.

Verse 21 (12.207.21)

अजैकपादहिर्बुध्न्यो विरूपाक्षोऽथ रैवतः । हरश्च बहुरूपश्च त्र्यम्बकश्च सुरेश्वरः ॥

ajaikapādahirbudhnyo virūpākṣo'tha raivataḥ | haraśca bahurūpaśca tryambakaśca sureśvaraḥ

Ajaikapada, Ahirbudhnya, Virupaksha and Raivata, Hara, Bahurupa, Tryambaka and Sureshvara,

Note on the text: Line 1 is 12.201.18c; line 2 is 12.201.19a.

Verse 22 (12.207.22)

सावित्रश्च जयन्तश्च पिनाकी चापराजितः । एकादशैते कथिता रुद्रास्त्रिभुवनेश्वराः ॥

sāvitraśca jayantaśca pinākī cāparājitaḥ | ekādaśaite kathitā rudrāstribhuvaneśvarāḥ

Savitra, Jayanta, Pinaki and Aparajita: these are declared to be the eleven Rudras, lords of the three worlds.

Note on the text: Line 1 is 12.201.19c; line 2 is the star line 12.201.19d*0548 (ekādaśaite kathitā rudrās tribhuvaneśvarāḥ), which Wikisource prints inside quote marks. Removed the stray quote marks (wiki marks).

Verse 23 (12.207.23)

पूर्वमेव महाभागा वसवोऽष्टौ प्रकीर्तिताः । एत एवंविधा देवा मनोरेव प्रजापतेः । ते च पूर्वं सुराश्चेति द्विविधाः पितरः स्मृताः ॥

pūrvameva mahābhāgā vasavo'ṣṭau prakīrtitāḥ | eta evaṃvidhā devā manoreva prajāpateḥ | te ca pūrvaṃ surāśceti dvividhāḥ pitaraḥ smṛtāḥ

The eight Vasus, of great fortune, have been named already. Gods of this kind belong to Manu the Prajapati; and the Pitris, who were gods in an earlier age, are remembered as of two kinds.

Note on the text: Line 1 is 12.201.19e; lines 2 and 3 are 12.201.20a and 20c. Corrected एवविधा → एवंविधा (misprint in Wikisource: dropped anusvara; CE 12.201.20a reads evaṃvidhā). The CE star passage 12.201.19d*0549 (the eight Vasus by name) is not in Wikisource.

Verse 24 (12.207.24)

शीलयौवनयोस्त्वन्यस्तथाऽन्ये सिद्धसाध्ययोः । ऋभवो मरुतश्चैव देवानां चोदितो गणः ॥

śīlayauvanayostvanyastathā'nye siddhasādhyayoḥ | ṛbhavo marutaścaiva devānāṃ codito gaṇaḥ

Another group belongs to Shila and Yauvana, and others to the Siddhas and Sadhyas; the Ribhus and the Maruts too are named as hosts of the gods.

Verse 25 (12.207.25)

एवमेते समाम्नाता विश्वेदेवास्तथाऽश्विनौ । आदित्याः क्षत्रियास्तेषां विशश्च मरुतस्तथा ॥

evamete samāmnātā viśvedevāstathā'śvinau | ādityāḥ kṣatriyāsteṣāṃ viśaśca marutastathā

Thus the Vishvedevas and the Ashvins are handed down. Among them the Adityas are the kshatriyas, and the Maruts likewise are the commoners.

Verse 26 (12.207.26)

अश्विनौ तु स्मृतौ शूद्रौ तपस्युग्रे समास्थितौ । स्मृतास्त्वङ्गिरसो देवा ब्राह्मणा इति निश्चयः । इत्येतत्सर्वदेवानां चातुर्वर्ण्यं प्रकीर्तितम् ॥

aśvinau tu smṛtau śūdrau tapasyugre samāsthitau | smṛtāstvaṅgiraso devā brāhmaṇā iti niścayaḥ | ityetatsarvadevānāṃ cāturvarṇyaṃ prakīrtitam

The two Ashvins are remembered as shudras, set in fierce austerity. The Angirasa gods are the brahmins: that is the settled view. Thus the fourfold order of all the gods has been declared.

Verse 27 (12.207.27)

एतान्वै प्रातरुत्थाय देवान्यस्तु प्रकीर्तयेत् । स्वजादन्यकृताच्चैव सर्वपापात्प्रमुच्यते ॥

etānvai prātarutthāya devānyastu prakīrtayet | svajādanyakṛtāccaiva sarvapāpātpramucyate

Whoever rises at dawn and recites the names of these gods is freed from every sin, whether his own or done by another.

Verse 28 (12.207.28)

यवक्रीतोऽथ रैभ्यश्च अर्वावसुपरावसू । औशिजश्चैव कक्षीवान्बलश्चाङ्गिरसः स्मृतः ॥

yavakrīto'tha raibhyaśca arvāvasuparāvasū | auśijaścaiva kakṣīvānbalaścāṅgirasaḥ smṛtaḥ

Yavakrita, Raibhya, Arvavasu and Paravasu, Aushija, Kakshivan, and Bala the Angirasa are remembered;

Verse 29 (12.207.29)

ऋषिर्मेधातिथेः पुत्रः कण्वो बर्हिषदस्तथा । त्रैलोक्यभावनास्तात प्राच्यां सप्तर्षयस्तथा ॥

ṛṣirmedhātitheḥ putraḥ kaṇvo barhiṣadastathā | trailokyabhāvanāstāta prācyāṃ saptarṣayastathā

the sage Kanva, son of Medhatithi, and Barhishad as well. These, dear one, who sustain the three worlds, are the seven sages of the east.

Verse 30 (12.207.30)

उन्मुचो विमुचश्चैव स्वस्त्यात्रेयश्च वीर्यवान् । प्रमुचश्चेध्मवाहश्च भगवांश्च दृढव्रतः ॥

unmuco vimucaścaiva svastyātreyaśca vīryavān | pramucaścedhmavāhaśca bhagavāṃśca dṛḍhavrataḥ

Unmucha and Vimucha, the valiant Svastyatreya, Pramucha and Idhmavaha, and the blessed Dridhavrata,

Verse 31 (12.207.31)

मित्रावरुणयोः पुत्रस्तथाऽगस्त्यः प्रतापवान् । एते ब्रह्मर्षयो नित्यमास्थिता दक्षिणां दिशम् ॥

mitrāvaruṇayoḥ putrastathā'gastyaḥ pratāpavān | ete brahmarṣayo nityamāsthitā dakṣiṇāṃ diśam

and the mighty Agastya, son of Mitra and Varuna: these Brahmarishis dwell ever in the southern quarter.

Verse 32 (12.207.32)

उषङ्गुः कवषो धौम्यः परिव्याधश्च वीर्यवान् । एकतश्च द्वितश्चैव त्रितश्चैवं महर्षयः ॥

uṣaṅguḥ kavaṣo dhaumyaḥ parivyādhaśca vīryavān | ekataśca dvitaścaiva tritaścaivaṃ maharṣayaḥ

Ushangu, Kavasha, Dhaumya, the valiant Parivyadha, and the great sages Ekata, Dvita and Trita,

Verse 33 (12.207.33)

अत्रेः पुत्रश्च दुर्वासास्तथा सारस्वतः प्रभुः । एते चैव महात्मानः पश्चिमामाश्रिता दिशम् ॥

atreḥ putraśca durvāsāstathā sārasvataḥ prabhuḥ | ete caiva mahātmānaḥ paścimāmāśritā diśam

and Atri's son Durvasas, and the lord Sarasvata: these great-souled ones have taken their place in the western quarter.

Verse 34 (12.207.34)

अत्रिश्चैव वसिष्ठश्च काश्यपश्च महानृषिः । गौतमोऽथ भरद्वाजो विश्वामित्रोऽथ कौशिकः ॥

atriścaiva vasiṣṭhaśca kāśyapaśca mahānṛṣiḥ | gautamo'tha bharadvājo viśvāmitro'tha kauśikaḥ

Atri, Vasishtha, and the great sage Kashyapa, Gautama, Bharadvaja, and Vishvamitra the Kaushika,

Note on the text: Corrected महानुषिः → महानृषिः (misprint in Wikisource: ऋ for उ; CE 12.201.31a reads mahān ṛṣiḥ).

Verse 35 (12.207.35)

तथैव पुत्रो भगवानृचीकस्य महात्मनः । जमदग्निश्च सप्तैते उदीचीमाश्रिता दिशम् ॥

tathaiva putro bhagavānṛcīkasya mahātmanaḥ | jamadagniśca saptaite udīcīmāśritā diśam

and likewise the blessed son of the great-souled Richika, Jamadagni: these seven have taken their place in the northern quarter.

Verse 36 (12.207.36)

एते प्रतिदिशं सर्वे कीर्तितास्तिग्मतेजसः । साक्षिभूता महात्मानो भुवनानां प्रभावनाः ॥

ete pratidiśaṃ sarve kīrtitāstigmatejasaḥ | sākṣibhūtā mahātmāno bhuvanānāṃ prabhāvanāḥ

All these, fierce in splendor, have been named quarter by quarter; they are the great-souled witnesses, the makers of the worlds.

Verse 37 (12.207.37)

एवमेते महात्मानः स्थिताः प्रत्येकशो दिशम् । एतेषां कीर्तनं कृत्वा सर्वपापात्प्रमुच्यते ॥

evamete mahātmānaḥ sthitāḥ pratyekaśo diśam | eteṣāṃ kīrtanaṃ kṛtvā sarvapāpātpramucyate

Thus these great-souled ones stand, each in his own quarter. By reciting their names a man is freed from all sin.

Verse 38 (12.207.38)

यस्यांयस्यां दिशि ह्येते तां दिशं शरणं गतः । मुच्यते सर्वपापेभ्यः स्वस्तिमांश्च तथा भवेत् ॥

yasyāṃyasyāṃ diśi hyete tāṃ diśaṃ śaraṇaṃ gataḥ | mucyate sarvapāpebhyaḥ svastimāṃśca tathā bhavet

In whichever quarter these dwell, he who goes to that quarter for refuge is freed from all sins and becomes blessed as well.