The Origin of the Tattva-Presiding Deities and Their Gradation

Verse 1 (garuda.2.54.1)

एतादृशे महत्तत्त्वे लक्ष्म्या सह हरिः स्वयम् । प्रविवेश महाभाग क्षोभयामास वै हरिः

etādṛśe mahattattve lakṣmyā saha hariḥ svayam praviveśa mahābhāga kṣobhayāmāsa vai hariḥ

Into such a Mahat-tattva, O greatly fortunate one, Hari himself, together with Lakshmi, entered — and it was Hari who stirred it into motion.

Verse 2 (garuda.2.54.2)

अहन्तत्त्वमभूत्तस्माज्ज्ञानद्रव्यक्रियात्मकम् । अहङ्कारसमुत्पत्तावेकांशस्तमसि स्मृतः

ahantattvamabhūttasmājjñānadravyakriyātmakam ahaṅkārasamutpattāvekāṁśastamasi smṛtaḥ

From that arose the I-principle, Ahankara, whose nature is knowledge, substance, and action; at the very origin of Ahankara, one portion of it is held to rest in tamas.

Verse 3 (garuda.2.54.3)

तद्दशांशाधिकरजस्तद्दशांशाधिकं प्रभो । सत्त्वमित्युच्यते सद्भिर्ह्येतदात्मा त्वहं स्मृतम्

taddaśāṁśādhikarajastaddaśāṁśādhikaṁ prabho sattvamityucyate sadbhirhyetadātmā tvahaṁ smṛtam

Ten parts greater than that, O lord, is rajas, and ten parts greater still is what the wise call sattva; this threefold self is what is remembered as 'I,' Ahankara.

Verse 4 (garuda.2.54.4)

अहन्तत्त्वाभिमानी तु आदौ शेषो बभूवह । सहस्राब्दाच्च पश्चात्तौ जातौ खगहरौ द्विज

ahantattvābhimānī tu ādau śeṣo babhūvaha sahasrābdācca paścāttau jātau khagaharau dvija

The presiding deity of the I-principle was, at first, Shesha; and after a thousand years, O twice-born, the pair — Garuda and Hari (Vayu) — came into being within it.

Verse 5 (garuda.2.54.5)

अहन्तत्त्वे खग ह्येषु प्रविष्टो हरिरव्ययः । क्षोभयामास भगवाल्लङ्क्ष्म्या सह हरिः स्वयम्

ahantattve khaga hyeṣu praviṣṭo hariravyayaḥ kṣobhayāmāsa bhagavāllaṅkṣmyā saha hariḥ svayam

Into this very I-principle, O bird, the imperishable Hari entered, and the Lord himself, together with Lakshmi, stirred it into motion.

Verse 6 (garuda.2.54.6)

वैकारिकस्तामसश्च तैजसश्चेत्यहं त्रिधा । त्रिधा बभूव रुद्रोपि यतस्तेषां नियामकः

vaikārikastāmasaśca taijasaścetyahaṁ tridhā tridhā babhūva rudropi yatasteṣāṁ niyāmakaḥ

Vaikarika, Tamasa, and Taijasa — thus Ahankara became threefold; and Rudra too became threefold, since it is he who governs each of these.

Verse 7 (garuda.2.54.7)

वैकारिकस्थितो रुद्रो वैकारिक इति स्मृतः । तामसे तु स्थितो रुद्रस्तामसो ह्यभिधीयते

vaikārikasthito rudro vaikārika iti smṛtaḥ tāmase tu sthito rudrastāmaso hyabhidhīyate

The Rudra abiding in the Vaikarika Ahankara is called Vaikarika; the Rudra abiding in the Tamasa is called Tamasa.

Verse 8 (garuda.2.54.8)

तैजसे तु स्थितो रुद्रो लोके वै तैजसः स्मृतः । तैजसे तु ह्यहन्तत्त्वे लक्ष्म्या सह हरिः स्वयम्

taijase tu sthito rudro loke vai taijasaḥ smṛtaḥ taijase tu hyahantattve lakṣmyā saha hariḥ svayam

The Rudra abiding in the Taijasa is known in the world as Taijasa. And within that very Taijasa I-principle, Hari himself, together with Lakshmi, dwells.

Verse 9 (garuda.2.54.9)

विशित्वा क्षोभयामास तदासौ दशधा त्वभूत् । श्रोत्रं चक्षुः स्पर्शनं च रसनं घ्राणमेव च

viśitvā kṣobhayāmāsa tadāsau daśadhā tvabhūt śrotraṁ cakṣuḥ sparśanaṁ ca rasanaṁ ghrāṇameva ca

Entering it, the Lord agitated it, and it then became tenfold — hearing, sight, touch, taste, and smell,

Verse 10 (garuda.2.54.10)

वाक्पाणिपादं पायुश्च उपस्थेति दश स्मृताः । वैकारिके ह्यहन्तत्त्वे प्रविश्य क्षोभयद्धरिः

vākpāṇipādaṁ pāyuśca upastheti daśa smṛtāḥ vaikārike hyahantattve praviśya kṣobhayaddhariḥ

and speech, hands, feet, the organ of excretion, and the organ of generation — these ten are known as the senses of action and knowledge. Entering the Vaikarika I-principle, Hari stirred it into motion.

Verse 11 (garuda.2.54.11)

महत्तत्त्वादिमा अदाविन्द्रियाणां च देवताः । एकादशविधा आसन्क्रमेण तु खगेश्वर

mahattattvādimā adāvindriyāṇāṁ ca devatāḥ ekādaśavidhā āsankrameṇa tu khageśvara

O lord of birds, beginning from the Mahat-tattva, the presiding deities of the senses arose in order, eleven in number.

Verse 12 (garuda.2.54.12)

मनोभिमानि नी ह्यादौ वारुणी त्वभवत्तदा । अनन्तरं च सौपर्णी गौरोजापि तथैव च

manobhimāni nī hyādau vāruṇī tvabhavattadā anantaraṁ ca sauparṇī gaurojāpi tathaiva ca

First to preside over the mind was one form, then came Varuni; after her came Saupami, and likewise Gauraja.

Verse 13 (garuda.2.54.13)

शेषादनन्तरास्तासां दशवर्षादनंरम् । उत्पत्तिरिति विज्ञेयं क्रमेण तु खगेश्वर

śeṣādanantarāstāsāṁ daśavarṣādanaṁram utpattiriti vijñeyaṁ krameṇa tu khageśvara

After Shesha, O lord of birds, the birth of these goddesses took place in succession, each ten years after the other — thus it should be understood.

Verse 14 (garuda.2.54.14)

मनोभिमानिनावन्याविन्द्रकामौ प्रजज्ञतुः । तार्क्ष्य ह्यनन्तरौ ज्ञेयौ मुक्तौ संसार एव च

manobhimānināvanyāvindrakāmau prajajñatuḥ tārkṣya hyanantarau jñeyau muktau saṁsāra eva ca

From those two presiding deities of the mind, Indra and Kamadeva were born; and next after them, Tarkshya (Garuda) is to be known as equal in both liberation and worldly existence.

Verse 15 (garuda.2.54.15)

ततस्त्वगात्मा ह्यभवत्सोहं कारिक ईरितः । ततः पाण्यात्मकाश्चैव जज्ञिरे पक्षिसत्तम

tatastvagātmā hyabhavatsohaṁ kārika īritaḥ tataḥ pāṇyātmakāścaiva jajñire pakṣisattama

Thereafter arose the presiding self of the skin, the sense of touch, called Sohankarika; and then, O best of birds, were born the deities presiding over the hands.

Verse 16 (garuda.2.54.16)

शची रतिश्चानिरुद्धस्तथा स्वायंभुवो मनुः । बृहस्पतिस्तथा दक्ष एते पाण्यात्मकाः स्मृताः

śacī ratiścāniruddhastathā svāyaṁbhuvo manuḥ bṛhaspatistathā dakṣa ete pāṇyātmakāḥ smṛtāḥ

Shachi, Rati, Aniruddha, as well as Svayambhuva Manu, Brihaspati, and Daksha — these are declared to be the deities presiding over the hands.

Verse 17 (garuda.2.54.17)

दक्षस्यानन्तरं जज्ञे प्रवाहो नाम चाण्डज । स एवोक्तश्चातिंवाहो यापयत्यात्मचोदितः

dakṣasyānantaraṁ jajñe pravāho nāma cāṇḍaja sa evoktaścātiṁvāho yāpayatyātmacoditaḥ

After Daksha, O egg-born one, was born the deity named Pravaha; he is also called Ativaha, and he functions as one impelled by the self.

Verse 18 (garuda.2.54.18)

हस्तादनन्तरं ज्ञेयो न तु शच्यादिवत्स्मृतः । ततोभवन्महाभाग चक्षुरिद्रियमात्मनः

hastādanantaraṁ jñeyo na tu śacyādivatsmṛtaḥ tatobhavanmahābhāga cakṣuridriyamātmanaḥ

He should be known as coming after the sense of the hands, though not reckoned equal to Shachi and the others. After this, O greatly fortunate one, arose the deities presiding over the sense of sight.

Verse 19 (garuda.2.54.19)

स्वायंभुवमनोर्भार्या शतरूपा यमस्तथा । चन्द्रसूर्यौ तु चत्त्वारश्चक्षुरिन्द्रियमानिनः

svāyaṁbhuvamanorbhāryā śatarūpā yamastathā candrasūryau tu cattvāraścakṣurindriyamāninaḥ

Shatarupa, the wife of Svayambhuva Manu, as well as Yama, the moon, and the sun — these four preside over the sense of sight.

Verse 20 (garuda.2.54.20)

चन्द्रः श्रोत्राभिमानीति तथा ज्ञेयः खगेश्वर । जिह्वेन्द्रियात्मा वरुणः सूर्यस्यानन्तरोभवत्

candraḥ śrotrābhimānīti tathā jñeyaḥ khageśvara jihvendriyātmā varuṇaḥ sūryasyānantarobhavat

The moon, O lord of birds, should also be known as presiding over hearing. Varuna, presiding self of the tongue, arose next after the sun.

Verse 21 (garuda.2.54.21)

वागिन्द्रियाभिमानिन्यो ह्यभवन्वरुणादनु । दक्षपत्नी प्रसूतिश्च भृगुरग्निस्तर्थव च

vāgindriyābhimāninyo hyabhavanvaruṇādanu dakṣapatnī prasūtiśca bhṛguragnistarthava ca

The deities presiding over speech arose after Varuna — Prasuti, the wife of Daksha, as well as Bhrigu and likewise Agni.

Verse 22 (garuda.2.54.22)

तत्र वैते महात्मानो वागिन्द्रियनियामकाः । ये क्रव्यादादयश्चोक्तास्तेनन्तत्त्वनियामकाः

tatra vaite mahātmāno vāgindriyaniyāmakāḥ ye kravyādādayaścoktāstenantattvaniyāmakāḥ

Among these, those great souls are the governors of the sense of speech; and those termed Kravyada and the rest are the governors of the inner tattva.

Verse 23 (garuda.2.54.23)

साम्यत्वाच्च तथैवोक्तिर्न तु तत्त्वाभिमानितः । उपस्थमानिनो वीन्द्र बभूवुस्तदनन्तरम्

sāmyatvācca tathaivoktirna tu tattvābhimānitaḥ upasthamānino vīndra babhūvustadanantaram

This is said only on account of equivalence, not because of presiding over that tattva as such. After them, O lord of birds, arose the deities presiding over the organ of generation.

Verse 24 (garuda.2.54.24)

विश्वामित्रो वसिष्टोत्रिर्मरीचिः पुलहः क्रतुः । पुलस्त्योङ्गिरसश्चैव तथा वैवस्वतो मनुः

viśvāmitro vasiṣṭotrirmarīciḥ pulahaḥ kratuḥ pulastyoṅgirasaścaiva tathā vaivasvato manuḥ

Vishvamitra, Vasishtha, Atri, Marichi, Pulaha, Kratu, Pulastya, Angiras, and Vaivasvata Manu —

Verse 25 (garuda.2.54.25)

मन्वादयोनन्तसंख्या उपस्थात्मान ईरिताः । पायोश्च मानिनो वीन्द्र जज्ञिरे तदनन्तरम्

manvādayonantasaṁkhyā upasthātmāna īritāḥ pāyośca mānino vīndra jajñire tadanantaram

Manu and the rest, innumerable in numbers, are declared to preside over the organ of generation. After them, O lord of birds, arose those presiding over the organ of excretion.

Verse 26 (garuda.2.54.26)

सूर्येषु द्वादशस्वेको मित्रस्तारा गुरोः प्रिया । कोणाधिपो निरृतिश्च प्रवहप्रिया

sūryeṣu dvādaśasveko mitrastārā guroḥ priyā koṇādhipo nirṛtiśca pravahapriyā

Among the twelve suns, one is Mitra; Tara, the beloved of Brihaspati; the lord of a quarter, Nirriti, and the beloved of Pravaha —

Verse 27 (garuda.2.54.27)

चत्त्वार एते पक्षीन्द्र वायुतत्त्वाभिमानिनः । घ्राणाभिमानिनः सर्वे जज्ञिरे द्विजसत्तम

cattvāra ete pakṣīndra vāyutattvābhimāninaḥ ghrāṇābhimāninaḥ sarve jajñire dvijasattama

These four, O lord of birds, preside over the principle of Vayu (wind/breath). And, O best of the twice-born, all of these arose presiding over the sense of smell as well.

Verse 28 (garuda.2.54.28)

विष्ववसेनो वायुपुत्रौ ह्यश्विनौ गणपस्तथा । वित्तपः सप्त वसव उक्तो ह्याग्निस्तथाष्टमः

viṣvavaseno vāyuputrau hyaśvinau gaṇapastathā vittapaḥ sapta vasava ukto hyāgnistathāṣṭamaḥ

Vishvaksena, the two sons of Vayu, the Ashvin twins, Ganapa, and Vittapa — these are called the seven Vasus, and Agni is declared the eighth.

Verse 29 (garuda.2.54.29)

सत्यानां शृणु नामानि द्रोणः प्राणो ध्रुवस्तथा । अर्के दोषस्तथा वस्कः सप्तमस्तु विभावसुः

satyānāṁ śṛṇu nāmāni droṇaḥ prāṇo dhruvastathā arke doṣastathā vaskaḥ saptamastu vibhāvasuḥ

Now hear the names of the beings of Satya-loka — Drona, Prana, Dhruva, Arka, Dosha, Vaska, and the seventh, Vibhavasu.

Verse 30 (garuda.2.54.30)

दशरुद्रास्तथा ज्ञेया मूलरुद्रो भवः स्मृतः । दश रुद्रस्य नामानि शृणुष्व द्विजसत्तम

daśarudrāstathā jñeyā mūlarudro bhavaḥ smṛtaḥ daśa rudrasya nāmāni śṛṇuṣva dvijasattama

These are to be known as the ten Rudras, of whom the root Rudra is called Bhava. Now hear, O best of the twice-born, the ten names of Rudra.

Verse 31 (garuda.2.54.31)

रैवन्तेयस्तथा भीमो वामदेवो वृषाकपिः । अजैकपादहिर्वुध्न्यो बहुरूपो महानिति

raivanteyastathā bhīmo vāmadevo vṛṣākapiḥ ajaikapādahirvudhnyo bahurūpo mahāniti

Raivanteya, Bhima, Vamadeva, Vrishakapi, Ajaikapada, Ahirbudhnya, Bahurupa, and Mahan —

Verse 32 (garuda.2.54.32)

दश रुद्रा इति प्रोक्ताः षडादित्याञ्छृणु द्विज । उरुक्रमस्तथा शक्रो विवस्वान्वरुणस्तथा

daśa rudrā iti proktāḥ ṣaḍādityāñchṛṇu dvija urukramastathā śakro vivasvānvaruṇastathā

These are declared to be the ten Rudras. Now hear the six Adityas, O twice-born — Urukrama, Shakra, Vivasvan, and likewise Varuna.

Verse 33 (garuda.2.54.33)

पर्जन्योतिबाहुरेत उक्ताः पूर्वं द्विजोत्तम । पर्जन्यव्यतिरिक्तास्तु पञ्चैवोक्ता न संशयः

parjanyotibāhureta uktāḥ pūrvaṁ dvijottama parjanyavyatiriktāstu pañcaivoktā na saṁśayaḥ

Parjanya and Atibahu, O best of the twice-born, have already been mentioned. Apart from Parjanya, only the remaining five are stated without doubt.

Verse 34 (garuda.2.54.34)

गङ्गासमस्तु पर्जन्य इति चोक्तः खगेश्वर । सविता ह्यर्यमा धाता पूषा त्वष्टा तथा भगः

gaṅgāsamastu parjanya iti coktaḥ khageśvara savitā hyaryamā dhātā pūṣā tvaṣṭā tathā bhagaḥ

Parjanya, O lord of birds, is said to be equal to Ganga. Savitri, Aryama, Dhata, Pusha, Tvashta, and Bhaga —

Verse 35 (garuda.2.54.35)

चत्वारिंशत्तथा सप्त महतः परिकीर्तिताः । द्वावुक्ताविति विज्ञेयो प्रवहोतिवहस्तथा

catvāriṁśattathā sapta mahataḥ parikīrtitāḥ dvāvuktāviti vijñeyo pravahotivahastathā

in this way, forty-seven great ones are celebrated. Pravaha and Ativaha — these two are to be known as one and the same.

Verse 36 (garuda.2.54.36)

तथा दशविधा ज्ञेया विश्वेदेवाः खगेश्वर । शृणु नामानि तेषां तु पुरूरवार्द्रवसंज्ञकौ

tathā daśavidhā jñeyā viśvedevāḥ khageśvara śṛṇu nāmāni teṣāṁ tu purūravārdravasaṁjñakau

In the same way, O lord of birds, the Vishvedevas are to be known as tenfold. Hear their names — the pair called Pururava and Ardrava,

Verse 37 (garuda.2.54.37)

धूरिलोचनसंज्ञौ द्वौ क्रतुदक्षेतिसंज्ञकौ । द्वौ सत्यवसुसंज्ञौ च कामकालकसंज्ञकौ

dhūrilocanasaṁjñau dvau kratudakṣetisaṁjñakau dvau satyavasusaṁjñau ca kāmakālakasaṁjñakau

the pair called Dhuri and Lochana, the pair called Kratu and Daksha, the pair called Satya and Vasu, and the pair called Kama and Kalaka.

Verse 38 (garuda.2.54.38)

एवं दशविधा ज्ञेया विश्वेदेवाः प्रकीर्तिताः । तथा ऋभुगणश्चोक्तस्तथा च पितरस्त्रयः

evaṁ daśavidhā jñeyā viśvedevāḥ prakīrtitāḥ tathā ṛbhugaṇaścoktastathā ca pitarastrayaḥ

Thus the Vishvedevas are celebrated as tenfold. Likewise the Ribhu company is spoken of, and also the three Pitris.

Verse 39 (garuda.2.54.39)

द्यावा पृथिव्यौ विज्ञेयौ एते च षडशीतयः । देवाः प्रजज्ञिरे सर्वे नासिकद्रियमानिनः

dyāvā pṛthivyau vijñeyau ete ca ṣaḍaśītayaḥ devāḥ prajajñire sarve nāsikadriyamāninaḥ

Heaven and Earth too should be known among them — thus these eighty-six deities, O son of Vinata, arose presiding over the sense of smell.

Verse 40 (garuda.2.54.40)

आकाशस्याभिमानी तु गणपः सुदाहृतः । उभयत्राभि मानीति ज्ञेयं तत्त्वार्थवेदिभिः

ākāśasyābhimānī tu gaṇapaḥ sudāhṛtaḥ ubhayatrābhi mānīti jñeyaṁ tattvārthavedibhiḥ

The presiding deity of ether (akasha) is declared to be Ganapa; those who know the meaning of the tattvas understand him as presiding over both hearing and akasha.

Verse 41 (garuda.2.54.41)

विष्वक्सेनं विना सर्वे जयाद्या विष्णुपार्षदाः । अभवन्समहीनाश्च विष्वक्सेनादनन्तरम्

viṣvaksenaṁ vinā sarve jayādyā viṣṇupārṣadāḥ abhavansamahīnāśca viṣvaksenādanantaram

Apart from Vishvaksena, all the attendants of Vishnu beginning with Jaya became, immediately after Vishvaksena, equal to one another in strength.

Verse 42 (garuda.2.54.42)

एतेपि नासिकायाश्च अवान्तरनियामकाः । अतस्ते तत्त्वमानिभ्यो ह्यवरास्ते प्रकीर्तिताः

etepi nāsikāyāśca avāntaraniyāmakāḥ ataste tattvamānibhyo hyavarāste prakīrtitāḥ

These too are the subordinate governors of the sense of smell; hence they are declared to be lesser than the presiding deities of the principal tattvas.

Verse 43 (garuda.2.54.43)

स्पर्शतत्त्वाभिमानी तु अपानश्चेत्युदाहृतः । रूपाभिमानी संजज्ञे व्यानो नाम महान्प्रभो

sparśatattvābhimānī tu apānaścetyudāhṛtaḥ rūpābhimānī saṁjajñe vyāno nāma mahānprabho

Apana is declared to preside over the principle of touch. Presiding over form (rupa) arose the great lord named Vyana.

Verse 44 (garuda.2.54.44)

रसात्मक उदानश्च समानो गन्धनामकः । अपां नाथाश्च चत्वारो मरुतः परिकीर्तिताः

rasātmaka udānaśca samāno gandhanāmakaḥ apāṁ nāthāśca catvāro marutaḥ parikīrtitāḥ

Udana presides over taste, and the one named Samana presides over smell. These four lords of the waters are declared to be the Maruts.

Verse 45 (garuda.2.54.45)

जयाद्यनन्तरान्वक्ष्ये समुत्पन्नान्खगेश्वर । प्रधानाग्रे प्रथमजः पावकः समुदाहृतः

jayādyanantarānvakṣye samutpannānkhageśvara pradhānāgre prathamajaḥ pāvakaḥ samudāhṛtaḥ

Now, O lord of birds, I shall speak of those born next after Jaya and the rest. First-born among the principal tattvas is declared to be Pavaka (fire).

Verse 46 (garuda.2.54.46)

भृगोर्महर्षेः पुत्रश्च च्यवनः समुदाहृतः । बृहस्पतेश्च पुत्रस्तु उतथ्यः परिकीर्तितः

bhṛgormaharṣeḥ putraśca cyavanaḥ samudāhṛtaḥ bṛhaspateśca putrastu utathyaḥ parikīrtitaḥ

The son of the great sage Bhrigu is declared to be Chyavana, and the son of Brihaspati is celebrated as Utathya.

Verse 47 (garuda.2.54.47)

रैवतश्चाक्षुषश्चैव तथा स्वारोचिषः स्मृतः । उत्तमो ब्रह्मसावर्णी रुद्रसावर्णिरेव च

raivataścākṣuṣaścaiva tathā svārociṣaḥ smṛtaḥ uttamo brahmasāvarṇī rudrasāvarṇireva ca

Raivata, Chakshusha, and the one remembered as Svarochisha, then Uttama, Brahmasavarni, Rudrasavarni,

Verse 48 (garuda.2.54.48)

देवसावर्णिसावर्णिरिन्द्रसावर्णिरेवच । तथैव दक्षसावर्णिर्धर्मभावर्णिरेव च

devasāvarṇisāvarṇirindrasāvarṇirevaca tathaiva dakṣasāvarṇirdharmabhāvarṇireva ca

Devasavarni, Indrasavarni, and likewise Dakshasavarni and Dharmasavarni —

Verse 49 (garuda.2.54.49)

एकादशविधा ह्येवं मनवः परिकीर्तिताः । पितॄणां सप्तकं चैवेत्याद्याः संजज्ञिरे खग

ekādaśavidhā hyevaṁ manavaḥ parikīrtitāḥ pitṝṇāṁ saptakaṁ caivetyādyāḥ saṁjajñire khaga

Thus the Manus are celebrated as eleven in number. And the company of seven Pitris, O bird, likewise arose in this same order.

Verse 50 (garuda.2.54.50)

तदनन्तरमुत्पन्नास्तेभ्यो नीचाः शृणु द्विज । वरुणस्य पत्नी गङ्गा पर्जन्याख्यो विभावसुः

tadanantaramutpannāstebhyo nīcāḥ śṛṇu dvija varuṇasya patnī gaṅgā parjanyākhyo vibhāvasuḥ

Now hear, O twice-born, of those born after them and lesser than them — Ganga, the wife of Varuna, and the one called Parjanya, Vibhavasu,

Verse 51 (garuda.2.54.51)

यमभार्या श्यामला तु ह्यनिरुद्धप्रिया विराट् । ब्रह्माण्डमानिनी सैव ह्युषानाम्ना सुशब्दिता

yamabhāryā śyāmalā tu hyaniruddhapriyā virāṭ brahmāṇḍamāninī saiva hyuṣānāmnā suśabditā

Shyamala, the wife of Yama, and Virat, the beloved of Aniruddha, who presides over the cosmic egg and is renowned by the name Usha,

Verse 52 (garuda.2.54.52)

रोहिणी चन्द्रभार्योक्ता सूर्यभार्या तु संज्ञका । एता गङ्गादिषटूसंख्या जज्ञिरे विनतासुत

rohiṇī candrabhāryoktā sūryabhāryā tu saṁjñakā etā gaṅgādiṣaṭūsaṁkhyā jajñire vinatāsuta

Rohini is said to be the wife of the moon, and Sanjna the wife of the sun — thus, O son of Vinata, these six beginning with Ganga have arisen.

Verse 53 (garuda.2.54.53)

गङ्गाद्यनन्तरं जज्ञे स्वाहा वै मन्त्रदेवता । स्वाहानामाग्निभार्योक्ता गङ्गादिभ्योधमा श्रुता

gaṅgādyanantaraṁ jajñe svāhā vai mantradevatā svāhānāmāgnibhāryoktā gaṅgādibhyodhamā śrutā

After Ganga and the others arose Svaha, deity of the sacred mantras. Svaha, known as the wife of Agni, is heard of as lesser than Ganga and the rest.

Verse 54 (garuda.2.54.54)

स्वाहानन्तरजो ज्ञेयो ज्ञानात्मा बुधनामकः । बुधस्तु चन्द्रपुत्रो यः स्वाहाया अधमः स्मृतः

svāhānantarajo jñeyo jñānātmā budhanāmakaḥ budhastu candraputro yaḥ svāhāyā adhamaḥ smṛtaḥ

The one born next after Svaha, of the nature of knowledge, is to be known by the name Budha. Budha, the son of the moon, is remembered as lesser than Svaha.

Verse 55 (garuda.2.54.55)

उषा नाम तथा जज्ञे बुधस्यानन्तरं खग । उषानामा भिमानी तु ह्यश्विभार्या प्रकीर्तिता

uṣā nāma tathā jajñe budhasyānantaraṁ khaga uṣānāmā bhimānī tu hyaśvibhāryā prakīrtitā

After Budha, O bird, was born the one named Usha; Usha, presiding deity, is declared to be the wife of the Ashvin twins.

Verse 56 (garuda.2.54.56)

बुधाधमा सा विज्ञेया नात्र कार्या विचारणा । ततः शनैश्चरो जज्ञे पृथिव्यात्मेति विश्रुतः

budhādhamā sā vijñeyā nātra kāryā vicāraṇā tataḥ śanaiścaro jajñe pṛthivyātmeti viśrutaḥ

She should be known as lesser than Budha, and there is no need for further deliberation here. After her was born Shanaishchara, renowned as the very self of the earth.

Verse 57 (garuda.2.54.57)

उषाधमस्तु विज्ञेयस्ततो जज्ञेथ पुष्करः । कर्माभिमानी विज्ञेयः शनैश्चर इतीरितः

uṣādhamastu vijñeyastato jajñetha puṣkaraḥ karmābhimānī vijñeyaḥ śanaiścara itīritaḥ

He is to be known as lesser than Usha. After him was born Pushkara, who is declared to be Shanaishchara presiding over karma.

Verse 58 (garuda.2.54.58)

तत्त्वाभिमानिनो देवानेवं सृष्ट्वा हरिः स्वयम् । प्रविवेश स देवेशस्तत्त्वेषु रमया सहा

tattvābhimānino devānevaṁ sṛṣṭvā hariḥ svayam praviveśa sa deveśastattveṣu ramayā sahā

Having thus brought forth the deities presiding over the tattvas, Hari himself, O lord of gods, entered into those very tattvas together with Rama (Lakshmi).