Brihaspati's Discourse on Dharma

Verse 1 (padma.6.32.1)

महादेव उवाच ।दृष्ट्वा शतक्रतुं सिद्धं समाप्तवरदक्षिणम् । मघवा जातसंकल्पः पर्यपृच्छद्बृहस्पतिम्

mahādeva uvāca dṛṣṭvā śatakratuṁ siddhaṁ samāptavaradakṣiṇam maghavā jātasaṁkalpaḥ paryapṛcchadbṛhaspatim

Mahadeva said: Having seen Shatakratu, having completed the ritual gifts of a sacrifice, Maghavan, his resolve formed, asked Brihaspati —

Verse 2 (padma.6.32.2)

भगवन्केन दानेन सर्वतः सुखमेधते । यदक्षयं महार्घं च तन्मे ब्रूहि महातपः

bhagavankena dānena sarvataḥ sukhamedhate yadakṣayaṁ mahārghaṁ ca tanme brūhi mahātapaḥ

'O Lord, by what gift does happiness flourish in every way? Tell me that which is imperishable and of the greatest worth, O great ascetic.'

Verse 3 (padma.6.32.3)

एवमिंद्रेण चोक्तोऽसौ देवदेवः पुरोहितः । प्रहस्य तं महाप्राज्ञो बृहस्पतिरुवाचह

evamiṁdreṇa cokto'sau devadevaḥ purohitaḥ prahasya taṁ mahāprājño bṛhaspatiruvācaha

Thus asked by Indra, that priest of the gods, the highly wise Brihaspati, laughing, said to him —

Verse 4 (padma.6.32.4)

हिरण्यदानं गोदानं भूमिदानं च वासव । एतत्प्रयच्छमानस्तु सर्वपापैः प्रमुच्यते

hiraṇyadānaṁ godānaṁ bhūmidānaṁ ca vāsava etatprayacchamānastu sarvapāpaiḥ pramucyate

'O Vasava, the gift of gold, the gift of cows, and the gift of land — one who gives these is freed from all sins.'

Verse 5 (padma.6.32.5)

सुवर्णं रजतं वस्त्रं मणिरत्नं च वासव । सर्वमेव भवेद्दत्तं वसुधां यः प्रयच्छति

suvarṇaṁ rajataṁ vastraṁ maṇiratnaṁ ca vāsava sarvameva bhaveddattaṁ vasudhāṁ yaḥ prayacchati

'Gold, silver, cloth, and gems, O Vasava — all these are counted as given, by one who gives land.'

Verse 6 (padma.6.32.6)

फालकृष्टां महीं दत्वा सबीजां सस्यमालिनीम् । यावत्सूर्यकृतालोकस्तावत्स्वर्गेमहीयते

phālakṛṣṭāṁ mahīṁ datvā sabījāṁ sasyamālinīm yāvatsūryakṛtālokastāvatsvargemahīyate

'Having given land ploughed by the plough, with its seed and garland of crops, for as long as the sun gives light, so long is he honored in heaven.'

Verse 7 (padma.6.32.7)

यत्किंचित्कुरुते पापं पुरुषो वृत्तिकर्षितः । अपि गोचर्ममात्रेण भूमिदानेन शुध्यति

yatkiṁcitkurute pāpaṁ puruṣo vṛttikarṣitaḥ api gocarmamātreṇa bhūmidānena śudhyati

'Whatever sin a man, worn down by his livelihood, commits, he is purified even by the gift of land the size of a cow's hide.'

Verse 8 (padma.6.32.8)

दशहस्तेन दंडोऽत्र त्रिंशद्दंडानि वर्तनम् । दशतान्येव गोचर्म्म ब्रह्मगोचर्मलक्षणम्

daśahastena daṁḍo'tra triṁśaddaṁḍāni vartanam daśatānyeva gocarmma brahmagocarmalakṣaṇam

'Here a rod is ten hands; thirty rods make one vartana; ten of those is called a gochara — this is the measure of a brahmin's cow-hide-land.'

Verse 9 (padma.6.32.9)

सवृषं गोसहस्रं तु यत्र तिष्ठत्ययंत्रितम् । बालवत्सप्रसूतानां तद्गोचर्म इति स्मृतम्

savṛṣaṁ gosahasraṁ tu yatra tiṣṭhatyayaṁtritam bālavatsaprasūtānāṁ tadgocarma iti smṛtam

'Where a thousand cows, with their bull, stand unrestrained, together with their newly born calves — that is called a gochara.'

Verse 10 (padma.6.32.10)

विप्राय दद्याच्च गुणान्विताय तपोयुताय प्रजितेंद्रियाय । यावन्मही तिष्ठति सागरांता तावत्फलं तस्य भवेदनंतम्

viprāya dadyācca guṇānvitāya tapoyutāya prajiteṁdriyāya yāvanmahī tiṣṭhati sāgarāṁtā tāvatphalaṁ tasya bhavedanaṁtam

'It should be given to a virtuous, austere brahmin of conquered senses; as long as this earth, bounded by the ocean, endures, so long shall his fruit be endless.'

Verse 11 (padma.6.32.11)

यथाप्सु पतितः शक्र तैलबिंदुः प्रसर्पति । एवंभूमिकृतं दानं सस्ये सस्ये प्रसर्पति

yathāpsu patitaḥ śakra tailabiṁduḥ prasarpati evaṁbhūmikṛtaṁ dānaṁ sasye sasye prasarpati

'As a drop of oil fallen in water spreads, O Shakra, so does a gift of land spread, crop by crop.'

Verse 12 (padma.6.32.12)

यथाबीजानि रोहंति प्रचीर्णानि महीतले । एवं कामान्प्ररोहंति भूमिदानसमन्विताः

yathābījāni rohaṁti pracīrṇāni mahītale evaṁ kāmānprarohaṁti bhūmidānasamanvitāḥ

'As seeds sown upon the earth sprout, so do desires sprout forth, granted by a gift of land.'

Verse 13 (padma.6.32.13)

अन्नदाः सुखिनो नित्यं वस्त्रदो रूपवान्भवेत् । स नरः सर्वदो भूयो यो ददाति वसुंधराम्

annadāḥ sukhino nityaṁ vastrado rūpavānbhavet sa naraḥ sarvado bhūyo yo dadāti vasuṁdharām

'The giver of food is ever happy; the giver of cloth becomes beautiful; that man becomes the giver of everything again, who gives land.'

Verse 14 (padma.6.32.14)

यथा गौर्भरते वत्सं क्षीरमुत्सृज्य क्षीरिणी । एवं दत्ता सहस्राक्ष भूमिर्भरति भूमिदम्

yathā gaurbharate vatsaṁ kṣīramutsṛjya kṣīriṇī evaṁ dattā sahasrākṣa bhūmirbharati bhūmidam

'O thousand-eyed one, as a milk-giving cow nourishes her calf, so does land, once given, nourish the one who gave it.'

Verse 15 (padma.6.32.15)

शंखो भद्रासनं छत्रं वराश्ववरवारणाः । भूमिदानस्य पुण्यस्य फलं स्वर्गः पुरंदर

śaṁkho bhadrāsanaṁ chatraṁ varāśvavaravāraṇāḥ bhūmidānasya puṇyasya phalaṁ svargaḥ puraṁdara

'The conch, the throne of honor, the parasol, fine horses and elephants — the fruit of the merit of a land-gift is heaven, O Purandara.'

Verse 16 (padma.6.32.16)

आदित्यो वरुणो वह्निर्ब्रह्मा सोमो हुताशनः । शूलपाणिश्च भगवानभिनंदंति भूमिदम्

ādityo varuṇo vahnirbrahmā somo hutāśanaḥ śūlapāṇiśca bhagavānabhinaṁdaṁti bhūmidam

'Aditya, Varuna, Agni, Brahma, Soma, the fire-god, and the trident-bearing Lord himself — all of them rejoice in the giver of land.'

Verse 17 (padma.6.32.17)

आस्फोटयंति पितरो वर्णयंति पितामहाः । भूमिदाता कुले जातः स नस्त्राता भविष्यति

āsphoṭayaṁti pitaro varṇayaṁti pitāmahāḥ bhūmidātā kule jātaḥ sa nastrātā bhaviṣyati

'The ancestors applaud, the forefathers praise him — 'One born in our lineage who gives land shall be our savior.''

Verse 18 (padma.6.32.18)

त्रीण्याहुरतिदानानि गावः पृथ्वी सरस्वती । नरकादुद्धरंत्येते जपवापनदोहनात्

trīṇyāhuratidānāni gāvaḥ pṛthvī sarasvatī narakāduddharaṁtyete japavāpanadohanāt

'Three are called the highest gifts: cows, the earth, and Sarasvati; these deliver from hell through recitation, propagation, and milking.'

Verse 19 (padma.6.32.19)

दुर्गतिं तारयंत्येते विद्वद्भिर्विप्रधारणैः । प्रावृता वस्त्रदा यांति नग्ना यान्तित्ववस्त्रदाः

durgatiṁ tārayaṁtyete vidvadbhirvipradhāraṇaiḥ prāvṛtā vastradā yāṁti nagnā yāntitvavastradāḥ

'These carry one across misfortune, through the learned and brahmins upholding them. The givers of clothing go clothed; those who never give clothing go naked.'

Verse 20 (padma.6.32.20)

तृप्ता यांत्यन्नदातारः क्षुधिता यांत्यनन्नदाः । कांक्षंति पितरः सर्वे नरकाद्भयभीरवः

tṛptā yāṁtyannadātāraḥ kṣudhitā yāṁtyanannadāḥ kāṁkṣaṁti pitaraḥ sarve narakādbhayabhīravaḥ

'The givers of food go satisfied; those who never give food go hungry. All the ancestors, fearful of hell, hope thus —'

Verse 21 (padma.6.32.21)

गयां यास्यति यः पुत्रः स नस्त्राता भविष्यति । एष्टव्या बहवः पुत्रा यद्येकोऽपि गयां व्रजेत्

gayāṁ yāsyati yaḥ putraḥ sa nastrātā bhaviṣyati eṣṭavyā bahavaḥ putrā yadyeko'pi gayāṁ vrajet

''That son who shall go to Gaya shall be our savior' — many sons are to be desired, if even one of them should go to Gaya.'

Verse 22 (padma.6.32.22)

यजेत वाश्वमेधेन नीलं वा वृषमुत्सृजेत् । लोहितो यस्तु वर्णेन पुच्छाग्रे यस्तु पांडुरः

yajeta vāśvamedhena nīlaṁ vā vṛṣamutsṛjet lohito yastu varṇena pucchāgre yastu pāṁḍuraḥ

'One should perform a horse-sacrifice, or release a 'blue' bull — one that is red in color, whose tail-tip is white,'

Verse 23 (padma.6.32.23)

श्वेतः खुरविषाणाभ्यां स नीलो वृष उच्यते । नीलः पांडुरलांगूलस्तोयमुद्धरते तु यः

śvetaḥ khuraviṣāṇābhyāṁ sa nīlo vṛṣa ucyate nīlaḥ pāṁḍuralāṁgūlastoyamuddharate tu yaḥ

'white at the hooves and horns — such is called a 'blue' bull. Whoever releases such a blue, white-tailed bull into the water,'

Verse 24 (padma.6.32.24)

षष्टिं वर्षसहस्राणि पितरस्तेन तर्पिताः । यच्च शृंगगतं पंकं कुलं तिष्ठति चोद्धृतम्

ṣaṣṭiṁ varṣasahasrāṇi pitarastena tarpitāḥ yacca śṛṁgagataṁ paṁkaṁ kulaṁ tiṣṭhati coddhṛtam

'by this his ancestors are satisfied for sixty thousand years. And whatever mud clings to its horns and is lifted up,'

Verse 25 (padma.6.32.25)

पितरस्तस्य चाश्नंति सोमलोकं महाद्युतिम् । आसीद्राज्ञो दिलीपस्य नृगस्य नहुषस्य च

pitarastasya cāśnaṁti somalokaṁ mahādyutim āsīdrājño dilīpasya nṛgasya nahuṣasya ca

'that many years do his ancestors enjoy the great-splendored world of Soma. Such was the case for King Dilipa, Nriga, and Nahusha.'

Verse 26 (padma.6.32.26)

अन्येषां तु नरेंद्राणां पुनरन्यो न गच्छति । बहुभिर्वसुधा दत्ता राजभिः सगरादिभिः

anyeṣāṁ tu nareṁdrāṇāṁ punaranyo na gacchati bahubhirvasudhā dattā rājabhiḥ sagarādibhiḥ

'For other kings, no one else has gone to such a fate. The earth has been given by many kings, Sagara and the rest —'

Verse 27 (padma.6.32.27)

यस्य यस्य यदा भूमिस्तस्यतस्य तदा फलम् । ब्रह्मघ्नो वाथ स्त्रीहंता बालघ्नः पतितोऽथवा

yasya yasya yadā bhūmistasyatasya tadā phalam brahmaghno vātha strīhaṁtā bālaghnaḥ patito'thavā

'whoever's land it was, at whatever time, its fruit belongs to that one accordingly. A killer of a brahmin, or a killer of women, a killer of children, or a fallen one,'

Verse 28 (padma.6.32.28)

गवां शतसहस्राणि हंता तत्तस्यदुःष्कृतम् । स्वदत्तां परदत्तां वा यो हरेत्तु वसुंधराम्

gavāṁ śatasahasrāṇi haṁtā tattasyaduḥṣkṛtam svadattāṁ paradattāṁ vā yo harettu vasuṁdharām

'or one who has slain a hundred thousand cows — such is his wicked deed; whoever seizes land given by himself or given by another,'

Verse 29 (padma.6.32.29)

स च विष्ठाकृमिर्भूत्वा पितृभिः सह पच्यते । षष्टिवर्षसहस्राणि स्वर्गे तिष्ठति भूमिदः

sa ca viṣṭhākṛmirbhūtvā pitṛbhiḥ saha pacyate ṣaṣṭivarṣasahasrāṇi svarge tiṣṭhati bhūmidaḥ

'becomes a worm in excrement, and is cooked together with his ancestors. The giver of land dwells in heaven for sixty thousand years.'

Verse 30 (padma.6.32.30)

प्रहर्ता चानुमंता च तावद्वै नरकं व्रजेत् । भूमिदाद्भूमिहर्तुश्च नापरः पुण्यपापवान्

prahartā cānumaṁtā ca tāvadvai narakaṁ vrajet bhūmidādbhūmihartuśca nāparaḥ puṇyapāpavān

'Both the striker and the consenter go to hell for that same duration. Between the giver of land and the seizer of land, no other bears such merit and such sin.'

Verse 31 (padma.6.32.31)

उर्द्ध्वाधस्तौ च तिष्ठेते यावदाभूतसंप्लवम्

urddhvādhastau ca tiṣṭhete yāvadābhūtasaṁplavam

'The one stands above, the other below, until the very dissolution of all beings.'

Verse 32 (padma.6.32.32)

अग्नेरपत्यं प्रथमं सुवर्णं भूर्वैष्णवी सूर्यसुतास्तु गावः । तेषांमनंतं फलमश्नुवीत यः कांचनं गां च महीं च दद्यात्

agnerapatyaṁ prathamaṁ suvarṇaṁ bhūrvaiṣṇavī sūryasutāstu gāvaḥ teṣāṁmanaṁtaṁ phalamaśnuvīta yaḥ kāṁcanaṁ gāṁ ca mahīṁ ca dadyāt

'Gold is Agni's first offspring; the earth is Vishnu's own; and cows are the Sun's daughters — whoever gives gold, a cow, and land obtains the endless fruit of all these.'

Verse 33 (padma.6.32.33)

भूमिं यः प्रतिगृह्णाति यश्च भूमिं प्रयच्छति । उभौ तौ पुण्यकर्माणौ नियतौ स्वर्गगामिनौ

bhūmiṁ yaḥ pratigṛhṇāti yaśca bhūmiṁ prayacchati ubhau tau puṇyakarmāṇau niyatau svargagāminau

'Whoever accepts land, and whoever gives land, both of them are doers of merit, destined to go to heaven.'

Verse 34 (padma.6.32.34)

अन्यायेन हृता भूमिर्यैर्नरैरपहारिता । हरंतो हारयंतश्च हन्युस्ते सप्तमं कुलम्

anyāyena hṛtā bhūmiryairnarairapahāritā haraṁto hārayaṁtaśca hanyuste saptamaṁ kulam

'Land seized unjustly, by whatever men — those who seize it and those who cause it to be seized destroy their line down to the seventh generation.'

Verse 35 (padma.6.32.35)

हरेद्धारयते यस्तु मंदबुद्धिस्तमोवृतः । स बद्धो वारुणैः पाशैस्तिर्यग्योनिषु जायते

hareddhārayate yastu maṁdabuddhistamovṛtaḥ sa baddho vāruṇaiḥ pāśaistiryagyoniṣu jāyate

'Whoever, of dull mind, wrapped in darkness, seizes or causes to be seized, is bound with Varuna's nooses and is born among beast-wombs.'

Verse 36 (padma.6.32.36)

अश्रुभिः पतितैस्तेषां दानानामवकीर्त्तनम् । ब्राह्मणस्य हृते क्षेत्रे हतं त्रिपुरुषं कुलम्

aśrubhiḥ patitaisteṣāṁ dānānāmavakīrttanam brāhmaṇasya hṛte kṣetre hataṁ tripuruṣaṁ kulam

'By the tears fallen from them, gifts already given become void; when a brahmin's field is seized, his three-generation lineage is destroyed.'

Verse 37 (padma.6.32.37)

वापीकूपसहस्रेण अश्वमेधशतेन च । गवांकोटिप्रदानेन भूमिहर्ता न शुद्ध्यति

vāpīkūpasahasreṇa aśvamedhaśatena ca gavāṁkoṭipradānena bhūmihartā na śuddhyati

'Not by a thousand step-wells and wells, nor by a hundred horse-sacrifices, nor by the gift of ten million cows, is a land-usurper purified.'

Verse 38 (padma.6.32.38)

कृतं दत्तं तपोऽधीतं यत्किंचिद्धर्मसंस्थितम् । अर्द्धांगुलस्य सीमाया हरणेन प्रणश्यति

kṛtaṁ dattaṁ tapo'dhītaṁ yatkiṁciddharmasaṁsthitam arddhāṁgulasya sīmāyā haraṇena praṇaśyati

'Whatever has been done, given, studied through austerity, established in dharma — all of it is destroyed by seizing even half a finger's-width of boundary.'

Verse 39 (padma.6.32.39)

गोतीर्थं ग्रामरथ्यां च श्मशानग्राममेव च । संपीड्य नरकं याति यावदाभूतसंप्लवम्

gotīrthaṁ grāmarathyāṁ ca śmaśānagrāmameva ca saṁpīḍya narakaṁ yāti yāvadābhūtasaṁplavam

'He who oppresses a cow-pasture, a village road, a cremation-ground, or a village, goes to hell until the very dissolution of all beings.'

Verse 40 (padma.6.32.40)

पंचकन्यानृते हंति दश हंति गवानृते । शतमश्वानृते हंति सहस्रं पुरुषानृते

paṁcakanyānṛte haṁti daśa haṁti gavānṛte śatamaśvānṛte haṁti sahasraṁ puruṣānṛte

'A false statement destroys the merit of five maidens given; it destroys ten cows; it destroys a hundred horses; it destroys a thousand men;'

Verse 41 (padma.6.32.41)

हंति जातानजातांश्च हिरण्यार्थेऽनृतं वदन् । सर्वं भूम्यनृते हंति मास्म भूम्यनृतं वद

haṁti jātānajātāṁśca hiraṇyārthe'nṛtaṁ vadan sarvaṁ bhūmyanṛte haṁti māsma bhūmyanṛtaṁ vada

'it destroys both born and unborn beings, when falsehood is spoken concerning gold. A lie concerning land destroys everything — therefore never speak falsely concerning land.'

Verse 42 (padma.6.32.42)

ब्रह्मस्वे नो रतिं कुर्यात्प्राणैः कंठगतैरपि । अग्निदग्धाः प्ररोहंति ब्रह्मदग्धो न रोहति

brahmasve no ratiṁ kuryātprāṇaiḥ kaṁṭhagatairapi agnidagdhāḥ prarohaṁti brahmadagdho na rohati

'Even with life at one's throat, one should not delight in a brahmin's property. What is burnt by fire grows again; what is 'burnt' by a brahmin does not grow again.'

Verse 43 (padma.6.32.43)

अग्निदग्धाः प्ररोहंति सूर्यदग्धास्तथैव च । राजदंडहताश्चैव ब्रह्मशापहता हताः

agnidagdhāḥ prarohaṁti sūryadagdhāstathaiva ca rājadaṁḍahatāścaiva brahmaśāpahatā hatāḥ

'What is burnt by fire, and likewise scorched by the sun, grows again; but those struck down by royal punishment, and those struck down by a brahmin's curse, remain struck down.'

Verse 44 (padma.6.32.44)

ब्रह्मस्वेन च पुष्टानि अंगानि च मुहुर्महुः । कार्यकालेविशीर्यंते सिकताभि तपो यथा

brahmasvena ca puṣṭāni aṁgāni ca muhurmahuḥ kāryakāleviśīryaṁte sikatābhi tapo yathā

'Limbs nourished by a brahmin's wealth, again and again, when the time comes, crumble away like a heap of sand.'

Verse 45 (padma.6.32.45)

ब्रह्मस्वहरणं कुर्वन्नरो यातीह रौरवम् । न विषं विषमित्याहुर्ब्रह्मस्वं विषमुच्यते

brahmasvaharaṇaṁ kurvannaro yātīha rauravam na viṣaṁ viṣamityāhurbrahmasvaṁ viṣamucyate

'A man who seizes a brahmin's property goes here to Raurava hell. They do not call poison mere poison — a brahmin's wealth is called poison.'

Verse 46 (padma.6.32.46)

विषमेकाकिनं हंति ब्रह्मस्वं पुत्रपौत्रिकम् । लोहचूर्णं चाश्मचूर्णं विषं संजरयेन्नरः

viṣamekākinaṁ haṁti brahmasvaṁ putrapautrikam lohacūrṇaṁ cāśmacūrṇaṁ viṣaṁ saṁjarayennaraḥ

'Poison kills only the one who takes it; a brahmin's wealth destroys sons and grandsons too. With iron-dust and stone-dust a man may neutralize poison,'

Verse 47 (padma.6.32.47)

ब्रह्मस्वं त्रिषु लोकेषु कः पुमान्जरयिष्यति । ब्रह्मस्वेन तु यत्सौख्यं देवस्वेन तु या रतिः

brahmasvaṁ triṣu lokeṣu kaḥ pumānjarayiṣyati brahmasvena tu yatsaukhyaṁ devasvena tu yā ratiḥ

'but who among men in the three worlds can neutralize a brahmin's wealth? Whatever pleasure comes from a brahmin's wealth, whatever delight from a god's wealth,'

Verse 48 (padma.6.32.48)

तद्धनं कुलनाशाय भवत्यात्मविनाशनम् । ब्रह्मस्वं ब्रह्महत्या च दरिद्रस्य तु यद्धनम्

taddhanaṁ kulanāśāya bhavatyātmavināśanam brahmasvaṁ brahmahatyā ca daridrasya tu yaddhanam

'that wealth becomes the cause of the destruction of one's lineage and one's own self. A brahmin's wealth, the sin of killing a brahmin, and a poor man's wealth,'

Verse 49 (padma.6.32.49)

गुरुमित्रहिरण्यं च स्वर्गस्थमपि पीडयेत् । श्रोत्रियाय कुलीनाय दरिद्राय च वासव

gurumitrahiraṇyaṁ ca svargasthamapi pīḍayet śrotriyāya kulīnāya daridrāya ca vāsava

'the gold of a guru or friend too, even one already in heaven, afflicts him, if wrongfully taken. O Vasava, to a scholar-brahmin, of good family, and poor,'

Verse 50 (padma.6.32.50)

संतुष्टाय विनीताय सर्वस्वसहिताय च । वेदाभ्यास तपो ज्ञानेंद्रियसंयमशालिने

saṁtuṣṭāya vinītāya sarvasvasahitāya ca vedābhyāsa tapo jñāneṁdriyasaṁyamaśāline

'content, humble, and possessing all good qualities, devoted to Vedic study, austerity, knowledge, and control of the senses —'

Verse 51 (padma.6.32.51)

ईदृशाय सुरश्रेष्ठ यद्दत्तं हि तदक्षयम् । आमपात्रे यथा न्यस्तं क्षीरं दधि घृतं मधु

īdṛśāya suraśreṣṭha yaddattaṁ hi tadakṣayam āmapātre yathā nyastaṁ kṣīraṁ dadhi ghṛtaṁ madhu

'to such a one, O best of gods, whatever is given is imperishable. As milk, curd, ghee, and honey placed in an unbaked clay vessel'

Verse 52 (padma.6.32.52)

भिनत्ति पात्रं दौर्बल्यान्न च पात्रं विनश्यति । एवं गां च हिरण्यं च वस्त्रमन्नं मही तिलान्

bhinatti pātraṁ daurbalyānna ca pātraṁ vinaśyati evaṁ gāṁ ca hiraṇyaṁ ca vastramannaṁ mahī tilān

'splits the vessel through its own weakness, yet the substance itself is not destroyed — so too, cows, gold, cloth, food, land, and sesame,'

Verse 53 (padma.6.32.53)

अविद्वान्प्रतिगृह्णाति भस्मीभवति काष्ठवत् । यस्तडागं नवं कुर्यात्पुराणं वापि खानयेत्

avidvānpratigṛhṇāti bhasmībhavati kāṣṭhavat yastaḍāgaṁ navaṁ kuryātpurāṇaṁ vāpi khānayet

'when accepted by an unworthy, unlearned man, turn to ashes like wood. Whoever builds a new tank, or has an old one re-dug,'

Verse 54 (padma.6.32.54)

सर्वं कुलं समुद्धृत्य स्वर्गलोके महीयते । वापीकूपतडागानि उद्यानप्रभवानि च

sarvaṁ kulaṁ samuddhṛtya svargaloke mahīyate vāpīkūpataḍāgāni udyānaprabhavāni ca

'saves his entire lineage and is honored in the world of heaven. Step-wells, wells, and tanks, and the fruits born from gardens too,'

Verse 55 (padma.6.32.55)

पुनर्नीतानि संस्कारं ददते मौक्तिकं फलम्। निदाघकाले पानीय यस्य तिष्ठति वासव

punarnītāni saṁskāraṁ dadate mauktikaṁ phalam nidāghakāle pānīya yasya tiṣṭhati vāsava

'when restored again, bear a fruit like that of a pearl. O Vasava, whoever's water remains available even in the hot season,'

Verse 56 (padma.6.32.56)

स दुर्गं विषमं कृच्छ्रं न कदाचिदवाप्नुयात् । एकाहं तु स्थितं तोयं पृथिव्यां देवसत्तम

sa durgaṁ viṣamaṁ kṛcchraṁ na kadācidavāpnuyāt ekāhaṁ tu sthitaṁ toyaṁ pṛthivyāṁ devasattama

'shall never face difficulty, danger, or hardship. O best of gods, water that remains upon the earth even for a single day —'

Verse 57 (padma.6.32.57)

कुलानि तारयेत्तस्य सप्तसप्त परानपि । दीपालोकप्रदानेन वपुष्मान्स भवेन्नरः

kulāni tārayettasya saptasapta parānapi dīpālokapradānena vapuṣmānsa bhavennaraḥ

'saves seven generations before him and seven after. By the gift of lamplight, a man becomes possessed of a fine bodily form.'

Verse 58 (padma.6.32.58)

दक्षिणायाः प्रदानेन स्मृतिं मेधां च विंदति । कृत्वापि पातकं कर्म यो दद्यादनुसंधिने

dakṣiṇāyāḥ pradānena smṛtiṁ medhāṁ ca viṁdati kṛtvāpi pātakaṁ karma yo dadyādanusaṁdhine

'By the gift of a fee, one gains memory and intellect. Even having committed a sinful deed, whoever gives with devotion to a worthy recipient,'

Verse 59 (padma.6.32.59)

ब्राह्मणाय विशेषेण न स पापैर्हि लिप्यते । भूमेर्गावस्तथादासः प्रसह्य प्रहृता यदा

brāhmaṇāya viśeṣeṇa na sa pāpairhi lipyate bhūmergāvastathādāsaḥ prasahya prahṛtā yadā

'especially to a brahmin, is not tainted by that sin. When land, a cow, or a servant is forcibly seized,'

Verse 60 (padma.6.32.60)

न निवेदयते यस्तु तमाहुर्ब्रह्मघातकम् । उपस्थिते विवाहे च यज्ञे दाने च वासव

na nivedayate yastu tamāhurbrahmaghātakam upasthite vivāhe ca yajñe dāne ca vāsava

'whoever does not report or restore it is called a killer of brahmins. O Vasava, at the occasion of a marriage, a sacrifice, or a gift,'

Verse 61 (padma.6.32.61)

मोहाच्चरति विघ्नं यः स मृतो जायते कृमिः । धनं फलति दानेन जीवितं जीवरक्षणात्

mohāccarati vighnaṁ yaḥ sa mṛto jāyate kṛmiḥ dhanaṁ phalati dānena jīvitaṁ jīvarakṣaṇāt

'whoever, out of delusion, creates an obstruction, is reborn, when he dies, as a worm. Wealth bears fruit through giving; life bears fruit through protecting living beings;'

Verse 62 (padma.6.32.62)

रूपमैश्वर्यमारोग्यमहिंसाफलमश्नुते । फलमूलाशनात्पूजां स्वर्गः सत्येन लभ्यते

rūpamaiśvaryamārogyamahiṁsāphalamaśnute phalamūlāśanātpūjāṁ svargaḥ satyena labhyate

'beauty, lordship, and health are the fruit of non-violence; honor is gained by eating fruits and roots; heaven is obtained through truth.'

Verse 63 (padma.6.32.63)

प्रायोपवेशनाद्राज्यं सर्वत्र सुखमश्नुते । सुखाट्यः शक्रदीक्षायां सुगामी च तृणाशनः

prāyopaveśanādrājyaṁ sarvatra sukhamaśnute sukhāṭyaḥ śakradīkṣāyāṁ sugāmī ca tṛṇāśanaḥ

'Through a fast unto death, a kingdom is obtained; happiness is obtained everywhere; through Shakra's own consecration, wealth; and one who lives on grass finds an easy path.'

Verse 64 (padma.6.32.64)

रूपी त्रिषवणस्नायी वायुं पीत्वा क्रतुं लभेत् । नित्यस्नायी भवेद्दक्षः संध्यावेदजपान्वितः

rūpī triṣavaṇasnāyī vāyuṁ pītvā kratuṁ labhet nityasnāyī bhaveddakṣaḥ saṁdhyāvedajapānvitaḥ

'One handsome, bathing thrice daily, living on air alone, attains the fruit of a sacrifice; one who bathes daily, devoted to evening rites and Vedic recitation, becomes skillful.'

Verse 65 (padma.6.32.65)

अहिंस्रो याति वैराज्यं नाकपृष्ठमनाशकम् । अग्निप्रवेशी नियतं ब्रह्मलोके महीयते

ahiṁsro yāti vairājyaṁ nākapṛṣṭhamanāśakam agnipraveśī niyataṁ brahmaloke mahīyate

'One free of violence attains the state of sovereignty, the imperishable summit of heaven. One who enters fire is honored, without fail, in the world of Brahma.'

Verse 66 (padma.6.32.66)

रसानां प्रतिसंहारे पशून्पुत्रांश्च विंदति । नाके चिरं स वसति उपवासी च यो भवेत्

rasānāṁ pratisaṁhāre paśūnputrāṁśca viṁdati nāke ciraṁ sa vasati upavāsī ca yo bhavet

'By restraining one's tastes, one obtains cattle and sons. One who fasts dwells long in heaven.'

Verse 67 (padma.6.32.67)

सततं भूमिशायी यः स लभेदीप्सितां गतिम् । वीरासनं वीरशयं वीरस्थानमुपासतः

satataṁ bhūmiśāyī yaḥ sa labhedīpsitāṁ gatim vīrāsanaṁ vīraśayaṁ vīrasthānamupāsataḥ

'Whoever constantly sleeps upon the ground obtains his desired goal. One who observes the hero's seat, the hero's bed, the hero's station —'

Verse 68 (padma.6.32.68)

अक्षयास्तस्यलोकाः स्युः सर्वकामगमास्तथा । उपवासं च दीक्षां च अभिषेकं च वासव

akṣayāstasyalokāḥ syuḥ sarvakāmagamāstathā upavāsaṁ ca dīkṣāṁ ca abhiṣekaṁ ca vāsava

'his worlds become imperishable, granting every desire. O Vasava, fasting, initiation, and consecration —'

Verse 69 (padma.6.32.69)

कृत्वा द्वादशवर्षाणि वीरस्थानाद्विशिष्यते । पावनं चरते धर्मं स्वर्गलोके महीयते

kṛtvā dvādaśavarṣāṇi vīrasthānādviśiṣyate pāvanaṁ carate dharmaṁ svargaloke mahīyate

'performed for twelve years, become more distinguished than the mere hero's station. One who practices pure dharma is honored in the world of heaven.'

Verse 70 (padma.6.32.70)

बृहस्पतिमतं पुण्यं ये पठंति द्विजोत्तमाः । तेषां चत्वारि वर्द्धंते आयुर्विद्यायशोबलम्

bṛhaspatimataṁ puṇyaṁ ye paṭhaṁti dvijottamāḥ teṣāṁ catvāri varddhaṁte āyurvidyāyaśobalam

'Those excellent twice-born who recite this meritorious teaching of Brihaspati — for them lifespan, learning, fame, and strength, these four, increase.''

Verse 71 (padma.6.32.71)

नारद उवाच ।इतींद्राय बृहस्पतिप्रणीतं धर्मशास्त्रकम् । मह्यं भक्ताय संप्रोक्तं महेशेनाखिलं नृप

nārada uvāca itīṁdrāya bṛhaspatipraṇītaṁ dharmaśāstrakam mahyaṁ bhaktāya saṁproktaṁ maheśenākhilaṁ nṛpa

Narada said: Thus, O king, this entire treatise of dharma, composed by Brihaspati for Indra, has been declared to me, your devotee, by Mahesha.