The Teaching Given to Krishna by Upamanyu

Verse 1 (shiva.vayaviya.38.1)

उपमन्युरुवाच । शृणु कृष्ण महेशस्य शिवस्य परमात्मनः । मूर्त्यात्मभिस्ततं कृत्स्नं जगदेतच्चराचरम्

upamanyuruvāca | śṛṇu kṛṣṇa maheśasya śivasya paramātmanaḥ | mūrtyātmabhistataṁ kṛtsnaṁ jagadetaccarācaram

Upamanyu said: Listen, O Krishna — this entire universe of moving and unmoving things is pervaded by the very forms of Maheshvara Shiva, the Supreme Self.

Verse 2 (shiva.vayaviya.38.2)

स शिवः सर्वमेवेदं स्वकीयाभिश्च मूर्तिभिः । अधितिष्ठत्यमेयात्मा ह्येतत्सर्वमनुस्मृतम्

sa śivaḥ sarvamevedaṁ svakīyābhiśca mūrtibhiḥ | adhitiṣṭhatyameyātmā hyetatsarvamanusmṛtam

That Shiva, whose very nature is immeasurable, presides over this entire universe through his own forms alone — thus it has ever been remembered.

Verse 3 (shiva.vayaviya.38.3)

ब्रह्मा विष्णुस्तथा रुद्रो महेशानः सदाशिवः । मूर्तयस्तस्य विज्ञेया याभिर्विश्वमिदं ततम्

brahmā viṣṇustathā rudro maheśānaḥ sadāśivaḥ | mūrtayastasya vijñeyā yābhirviśvamidaṁ tatam

Brahma, Vishnu, Rudra, Maheshvara, and Sadashiva — these are to be known as his very forms, by which this universe is pervaded.

Verse 4 (shiva.vayaviya.38.4)

अथान्याश्चापि तनवः पञ्च ब्रह्मसमाह्वयाः । तनूभिस्ताभिराव्याप्तमिह किञ्चिन्न विद्यते

athānyāścāpi tanavaḥ pañca brahmasamāhvayāḥ | tanūbhistābhirāvyāptamiha kiñcinna vidyate

And besides, there are five further forms of his, called the "Brahmans"; there is nothing here at all that is not pervaded by those very forms.

Verse 5 (shiva.vayaviya.38.5)

ईशानः पुरुषोऽघोरो वामः सद्यस्तथैव च । ब्रह्माण्येतानि देवस्य मूर्तयः पञ्च विश्रुताः

īśānaḥ puruṣo'ghoro vāmaḥ sadyastathaiva ca | brahmāṇyetāni devasya mūrtayaḥ pañca viśrutāḥ

Ishana, Purusha, Aghora, Vama, and Sadyojata — these are the five celebrated "Brahman" forms of that God.

Verse 6 (shiva.vayaviya.38.6)

ईशानाख्या तु या तस्य मूर्तिराद्या गरीयसी । भोक्तारं प्रकृतेः साक्षात् क्षेत्रज्ञमधितिष्ठति

īśānākhyā tu yā tasya mūrtirādyā garīyasī | bhoktāraṁ prakṛteḥ sākṣāt kṣetrajñamadhitiṣṭhati

That first and weightiest of his forms, called Ishana, presides directly over the Kshetrajna — the individual soul, the enjoyer of Prakriti.

Verse 7 (shiva.vayaviya.38.7)

स्थाणोस्तत्पुरुषाख्या या मूर्तिर्मूर्तिमतः प्रभोः । गुणाश्रयात्मकं भोग्यमव्यक्तमधितिष्ठति

sthāṇostatpuruṣākhyā yā mūrtirmūrtimataḥ prabhoḥ | guṇāśrayātmakaṁ bhogyamavyaktamadhitiṣṭhati

That form of the embodied Lord Sthanu called "Tatpurusha" presides over the Unmanifest — the object of enjoyment, the very abode of the gunas.

Verse 8 (shiva.vayaviya.38.8)

धर्माद्यष्टाङ्गसंयुक्तं बुद्धितत्त्वं पिनाकिनः । अधितिष्ठत्यघोराख्या मूर्तिरत्यन्तपूजिता

dharmādyaṣṭāṅgasaṁyuktaṁ buddhitattvaṁ pinākinaḥ | adhitiṣṭhatyaghorākhyā mūrtiratyantapūjitā

That most venerated form of the wielder of the Pinaka bow, called "Aghora," presides over the principle of the intellect, joined with its eight components beginning with dharma.

Verse 9 (shiva.vayaviya.38.9)

वामदेवाह्वयां मूर्तिं महादेवस्य वेधसः । अहङ्कृतेरधिष्ठात्रीमाहुरागमवेदिनः

vāmadevāhvayāṁ mūrtiṁ mahādevasya vedhasaḥ | ahaṅkṛteradhiṣṭhātrīmāhurāgamavedinaḥ

The knowers of the scriptures declare that the form of Mahadeva, the ordainer, called "Vamadeva," presides over the ego —

Verse 10 (shiva.vayaviya.38.10)

सद्यो जाताह्वयां मूर्तिं शम्भोरमितवर्चसः । मानसः समधिष्ठात्रीं मतिमन्तः प्रचक्षते

sadyo jātāhvayāṁ mūrtiṁ śambhoramitavarcasaḥ | mānasaḥ samadhiṣṭhātrīṁ matimantaḥ pracakṣate

— and the wise declare that the form of Shambhu of boundless splendor, called "Sadyojata," presides over the mind.

Verse 11 (shiva.vayaviya.38.11)

श्रोत्रस्य वाचः शब्दस्य विभोर्व्योम्नस्तथैव च । ईश्वरीमीश्वरस्येमामीशाख्यां हि विदुर्बुधाः

śrotrasya vācaḥ śabdasya vibhorvyomnastathaiva ca | īśvarīmīśvarasyemāmīśākhyāṁ hi vidurbudhāḥ

The wise know this sovereign power of the Lord — called "Isha" — as ruling over the ear, speech, sound, and space itself.

Verse 12 (shiva.vayaviya.38.12)

त्वक्पाणिस्पर्शवायूनामीश्वरीं मूर्तिमैश्वरीम् । पुरुषाख्यं विदुः सर्वे पुराणार्थविशारदाः

tvakpāṇisparśavāyūnāmīśvarīṁ mūrtimaiśvarīm | puruṣākhyaṁ viduḥ sarve purāṇārthaviśāradāḥ

All those learned in the meaning of the Puranas know that sovereign, majestic form as "Purusha," ruling over the skin, the hands, touch, and the wind.

Verse 13 (shiva.vayaviya.38.13)

चक्षुषश्चरणस्यापि रूपस्याग्नेस्तथैव च । अघोराख्यामधिष्ठात्रीं मूर्तिमाहुर्मनीषिणः

cakṣuṣaścaraṇasyāpi rūpasyāgnestathaiva ca | aghorākhyāmadhiṣṭhātrīṁ mūrtimāhurmanīṣiṇaḥ

The wise call that form which presides over the eye, the foot, form, and fire by the name "Aghora."

Verse 14 (shiva.vayaviya.38.14)

रमनायाश्च पायोश्च रसस्यापां तथैव च । ईश्वरीं वामदेवाख्यां मूर्तिं तन्निरतां विदुः

ramanāyāśca pāyośca rasasyāpāṁ tathaiva ca | īśvarīṁ vāmadevākhyāṁ mūrtiṁ tanniratāṁ viduḥ

They know that sovereign form devoted to them as "Vamadeva," presiding over the organ of generation, the organ of excretion, taste, and water.

Verse 15 (shiva.vayaviya.38.15)

घ्राणस्य चैवोपस्थस्य गन्धस्य च भुवस्तथा । सद्योज्ञाताह्वयां मूर्तिमीश्वरीं सम्प्रचक्षते

ghrāṇasya caivopasthasya gandhasya ca bhuvastathā | sadyojñātāhvayāṁ mūrtimīśvarīṁ sampracakṣate

They declare that sovereign form to be called "Sadyojata," presiding over the nose, the organ of generation, smell, and the earth.

Verse 16 (shiva.vayaviya.38.16)

मूर्तयः पञ्च देवस्य वन्दनीयाः प्रयत्नतः । श्रेयोऽर्थिभिर्नरैर्नित्यं श्रेयसामेकहेतवः

mūrtayaḥ pañca devasya vandanīyāḥ prayatnataḥ | śreyo'rthibhirnarairnityaṁ śreyasāmekahetavaḥ

These five forms of the God, the sole cause of all true good, are to be reverently worshipped, with diligence, by those men who seek their own highest welfare.

Verse 17 (shiva.vayaviya.38.17)

तस्य देवादिदेवस्य मूर्त्यष्टकमयं जगत् । तस्मिन् व्याप्य स्थितं विश्वं सूत्रे मणिगणा इव

tasya devādidevasya mūrtyaṣṭakamayaṁ jagat | tasmin vyāpya sthitaṁ viśvaṁ sūtre maṇigaṇā iva

This universe is composed of the eight forms of that God of gods; and just as a string of beads is threaded on its cord, so this universe stands, pervaded and held together, in him.

Verse 18 (shiva.vayaviya.38.18)

शर्वो भवस्तथा रुद्र उग्रो भीमः पशोः पतिः । ईशानश्च महादेवो मूर्तयश्चाष्ट विश्रुताः

śarvo bhavastathā rudra ugro bhīmaḥ paśoḥ patiḥ | īśānaśca mahādevo mūrtayaścāṣṭa viśrutāḥ

Sharva, Bhava, Rudra, Ugra, Bhima, Pashupati, Ishana, and Mahadeva — these are the eight celebrated forms.

Verse 19 (shiva.vayaviya.38.19)

भूम्यम्भोऽग्निमरुद्व्योमक्षेत्रज्ञार्कनिशाकराः । अधिष्ठिता महेशस्य शर्वाद्यैरष्टमूर्तिभिः

bhūmyambho'gnimarudvyomakṣetrajñārkaniśākarāḥ | adhiṣṭhitā maheśasya śarvādyairaṣṭamūrtibhiḥ

Earth, water, fire, wind, space, the individual soul, the sun, and the moon — these are governed by Mahesha's eight forms, beginning with Sharva.

Verse 20 (shiva.vayaviya.38.20)

चराचरात्मकं विश्वं धत्ते विश्वम्भरात्मिका । शार्वी र्शिवाह्वया मूर्तिरिति शास्त्रस्य निश्चयः

carācarātmakaṁ viśvaṁ dhatte viśvambharātmikā | śārvī rśivāhvayā mūrtiriti śāstrasya niścayaḥ

This form of Shiva called "Sharvi," whose very nature is that of the earth, the all-sustaining one, upholds the universe of moving and unmoving things — such is the settled teaching of the scriptures.

Verse 21 (shiva.vayaviya.38.21)

सञ्जीवनं समस्तस्य जगतः सलिलात्मिकाज् । भावीति गीयते मूर्तिभवस्य परमात्मनः

sañjīvanaṁ samastasya jagataḥ salilātmikāj | bhāvīti gīyate mūrtibhavasya paramātmanaḥ

That form of the Supreme Self, Bhava, whose very nature is water, gives life to the entire universe, and is celebrated by the name "Bhavi."

Verse 22 (shiva.vayaviya.38.22)

बहिरन्तर्गता विश्वं व्याप्य तेजोमयी शुभा । रौद्री रुद्राव्यया मूर्तिरास्थिता घोररूपिणी

bahirantargatā viśvaṁ vyāpya tejomayī śubhā | raudrī rudrāvyayā mūrtirāsthitā ghorarūpiṇī

Pervading the universe both within and without, luminous and radiant, terrible in form, that imperishable form of Rudra abides, known as "Raudri."

Verse 23 (shiva.vayaviya.38.23)

स्पन्दयत्यनिलात्मेदं बिभर्ति स्पन्दते स्वयम् । औग्रीति कथ्यते सद्भिर्मूर्तिरुग्रस्य वेधसः

spandayatyanilātmedaṁ bibharti spandate svayam | augrīti kathyate sadbhirmūrtirugrasya vedhasaḥ

Taking the form of the wind, it sets this world atremble, sustains it, and quivers of itself; the wise call that form of the ordainer Ugra by the name "Augri."

Verse 24 (shiva.vayaviya.38.24)

सर्वावकाशदा सर्वव्यापिका गगनात्मिका । मूर्तिर्भीमस्य भीमाख्या भूतवृन्दस्य भेदिका

sarvāvakāśadā sarvavyāpikā gaganātmikā | mūrtirbhīmasya bhīmākhyā bhūtavṛndasya bhedikā

Giving space to all things, all-pervading, taking the form of the sky, and separating the multitudes of beings from each other, that form of Bhima is known by the name "Bhima."

Verse 25 (shiva.vayaviya.38.25)

सर्वात्मनामधिष्ठात्री सर्वक्षेत्रनिवासिनी । मूर्तिः पशुपतेर्ज्ञेया पशुपाशनिकृन्तनी

sarvātmanāmadhiṣṭhātrī sarvakṣetranivāsinī | mūrtiḥ paśupaterjñeyā paśupāśanikṛntanī

One should know that form of Pashupati as presiding over all individual souls, dwelling in every body, and cutting away the fetters of all the bound creatures.

Verse 26 (shiva.vayaviya.38.26)

दीपयन्ती जगत्सर्वं दिवाकरसमाह्वया । ईशानाख्या महेशस्य मूर्तिर्दिवि विसर्पति

dīpayantī jagatsarvaṁ divākarasamāhvayā | īśānākhyā maheśasya mūrtirdivi visarpati

Illumining the whole world, called by the name of the sun, that form of Mahesha called "Ishana" moves across the sky.

Verse 27 (shiva.vayaviya.38.27)

आप्याययति यो विश्वममृतांशुर्निशाकरः । महादेवस्य सा मूर्तिर्महादेवसमाह्वया

āpyāyayati yo viśvamamṛtāṁśurniśākaraḥ | mahādevasya sā mūrtirmahādevasamāhvayā

That maker of the night, whose rays are nectar, who nourishes the whole universe — that is itself the form of Mahadeva, called by the very name "Mahadeva."

Verse 28 (shiva.vayaviya.38.28)

आत्मा तस्याष्टमी मूर्तिः शिवस्य परमात्मनः । व्यापिकेतरमूर्तीनां विश्वं तस्मात् शिवात्मकम्

ātmā tasyāṣṭamī mūrtiḥ śivasya paramātmanaḥ | vyāpiketaramūrtīnāṁ viśvaṁ tasmāt śivātmakam

The individual soul is the eighth form of that Supreme Self, Shiva; and since it pervades the other forms as well, this entire universe is, in essence, nothing but Shiva.

Verse 29 (shiva.vayaviya.38.29)

वृक्षस्य मूलसेकेन शाखाः पुष्यन्ति वै यथा । शिवस्य पूजया तद्वत्पुष्यत्यस्य वपुर्जगत्

vṛkṣasya mūlasekena śākhāḥ puṣyanti vai yathā | śivasya pūjayā tadvatpuṣyatyasya vapurjagat

Just as watering the root of a tree nourishes its branches, so too, by the worship of Shiva, this universe — his very body — is nourished.

Verse 30 (shiva.vayaviya.38.30)

सर्वाभयप्रदानं च सर्वानुग्रहणं तथा । सर्वोपकारकरणं शिवस्याराधनं विदुः

sarvābhayapradānaṁ ca sarvānugrahaṇaṁ tathā | sarvopakārakaraṇaṁ śivasyārādhanaṁ viduḥ

Granting freedom from fear to all beings, showing grace to all, and doing good to all — this alone should be known as the true worship of Shiva.

Verse 31 (shiva.vayaviya.38.31)

यथेह पुत्रपौत्रादेः प्रीत्या प्रीतो भवेत्पिता । तथा सर्वस्य सम्प्रीत्या प्रीतो भवति शङ्करः

yatheha putrapautrādeḥ prītyā prīto bhavetpitā | tathā sarvasya samprītyā prīto bhavati śaṅkaraḥ

Just as a father is pleased by love shown to his sons and grandsons, so too is Shankara pleased by loving-kindness shown toward all beings.

Verse 32 (shiva.vayaviya.38.32)

देहिनो यस्य कस्यापि क्रियते यदि निग्रहः । अनिष्टमष्टमूर्तेस्तत्कृतमेव न संशयः

dehino yasya kasyāpi kriyate yadi nigrahaḥ | aniṣṭamaṣṭamūrtestatkṛtameva na saṁśayaḥ

If harm is done to any embodied being whatsoever, it is, without doubt, an act displeasing to the eight-formed Lord himself.

Verse 33 (shiva.vayaviya.38.33)

अष्टमूर्त्यात्मना विश्वमधिष्ठाय स्थितं शिवम् । भजस्व सर्वभावेन रुद्रं परमकारणम्

aṣṭamūrtyātmanā viśvamadhiṣṭhāya sthitaṁ śivam | bhajasva sarvabhāvena rudraṁ paramakāraṇam

Worship, then, with your whole being, that Shiva who, in his eight-formed nature, presides over this entire universe — Rudra, the supreme cause of all.