The Netherworlds, the Measure of Time, and the Tale of Kumarika

Verse 1 (skanda.1.74.1)

॥नारद उवाच॥ सहस्रसप्तत्युच्छ्राये पातालानि परस्परम्॥ अतलं वितलं चैव नितलं च रसातलम्

||nārada uvāca|| sahasrasaptatyucchrāye pātālāni parasparam|| atalaṁ vitalaṁ caiva nitalaṁ ca rasātalam

Narada said: The netherworlds stand one below another, spanning some seventy thousand yojanas in all — Atala, Vitala, Nitala, Rasatala,

Verse 2 (skanda.1.74.2)

तलातलं च सुतलं पातालं चापि सप्तमम्॥ कृष्णशुक्लारुणाः पीताः शर्कराशैलकांचनाः

talātalaṁ ca sutalaṁ pātālaṁ cāpi saptamam|| kṛṣṇaśuklāruṇāḥ pītāḥ śarkarāśailakāṁcanāḥ

Talatala, Sutala, and Patala as the seventh. There the soils are black, white, red, yellow, gravelly, rocky, and golden,

Verse 3 (skanda.1.74.3)

भूमयो यत्र कौरव्य वरप्रासादशोभिताः॥ तेषु दानवदैतेयनागाश्चैव सहस्रसः

bhūmayo yatra kauravya varaprāsādaśobhitāḥ|| teṣu dānavadaiteyanāgāścaiva sahasrasaḥ

O Kaurava, adorned with excellent palaces. In them dwell Danavas, Daityas, and Nagas by the thousands.

Verse 4 (skanda.1.74.4)

स्वर्लोकादपि रम्याणि दृष्टानि बहुशो मया॥ आह्लादकारिणो नानामण्यो यत्र पन्नगः

svarlokādapi ramyāṇi dṛṣṭāni bahuśo mayā|| āhlādakāriṇo nānāmaṇyo yatra pannagaḥ

I myself have often seen there places more delightful even than heaven; there are delightful serpents adorned with various jewels,

Verse 5 (skanda.1.74.5)

दैत्यदानवकन्याभिर्महारूपाभिरन्विते॥ पाताले कस्य न प्रीतिर्विमुक्तस्यापि जायते

daityadānavakanyābhirmahārūpābhiranvite|| pātāle kasya na prītirvimuktasyāpi jāyate

accompanied by hosts of Daitya and Danava maidens of great beauty. Who, even one who is liberated, would not feel delight in Patala —

Verse 6 (skanda.1.74.6)

यत्र नोष्णं न वा शीतं न वर्षं दुःखमेव च॥ भक्ष्यभोज्यमहाभोगकालो यत्रापि जायते

yatra noṣṇaṁ na vā śītaṁ na varṣaṁ duḥkhameva ca|| bhakṣyabhojyamahābhogakālo yatrāpi jāyate

where there is neither heat, nor cold, nor rain, nor any sorrow — where time passes amid great enjoyments of food and delicacies.

Verse 7 (skanda.1.74.7)

पाताले सप्तमे चास्ति लिंगं श्रीहाटकेश्वरम्॥ ब्रह्मणा स्थापितं पार्थ सहस्रयोजनोच्छ्रितम्

pātāle saptame cāsti liṁgaṁ śrīhāṭakeśvaram|| brahmaṇā sthāpitaṁ pārtha sahasrayojanocchritam

In the seventh Patala there is the linga of Shri Hatakeshvara, established by Brahma, O Partha, rising a thousand yojanas high.

Verse 8 (skanda.1.74.8)

हाटकस्य तु लिंगस्य प्रासादो योजनायुतः॥ सर्वरत्नमयो दिव्यो नानाश्चयविभूषितः

hāṭakasya tu liṁgasya prāsādo yojanāyutaḥ|| sarvaratnamayo divyo nānāścayavibhūṣitaḥ

The temple of the Hataka linga is ten thousand yojanas in extent, made entirely of jewels, divine, adorned with manifold wonders.

Verse 9 (skanda.1.74.9)

तच्चार्यंति तल्लिंगं नानानागेन्द्रसत्तमाः॥ तदधस्ताज्जलं भूरि तस्याधो नरकाः स्मृताः

taccāryaṁti talliṁgaṁ nānānāgendrasattamāḥ|| tadadhastājjalaṁ bhūri tasyādho narakāḥ smṛtāḥ

That linga is worshipped by the foremost of the Naga-lords. Below it is abundant water, and below that are the hells,

Verse 10 (skanda.1.74.10)

पापिनो येषु पात्यंते ताञ्छृणुष्व महामते॥ कोटयः पंचपंचाशद्राजानश्चैकविंशति

pāpino yeṣu pātyaṁte tāñchṛṇuṣva mahāmate|| koṭayaḥ paṁcapaṁcāśadrājānaścaikaviṁśati

into which sinners are cast; hear of these, O wise one. [In vast number are] Rauravra, Shukara, Rodha, Tala, and Vishasana —

Verse 11 (skanda.1.74.11)

रौरवः शूकरो रोधस्तालो विशसनस्तथा॥ महाज्वालस्तप्तकुम्भो लवणोथ विमोहकः

rauravaḥ śūkaro rodhastālo viśasanastathā|| mahājvālastaptakumbho lavaṇotha vimohakaḥ

Mahajvala, Taptakumbha, Lavana, and Vimohaka;

Verse 12 (skanda.1.74.12)

रुधिरांधो वैतरणी कृमिशः कृमिभोजनः॥ असिपत्रवनं कृष्णो लालाभक्ष्यश्च दारुमः

rudhirāṁdho vaitaraṇī kṛmiśaḥ kṛmibhojanaḥ|| asipatravanaṁ kṛṣṇo lālābhakṣyaśca dārumaḥ

Rudhirandha, Vaitarani, Krimisha, and Krimibhojana; Asipatravana, Krishna, Lalabhakshya, and Daruma,

Verse 13 (skanda.1.74.13)

तथा पूयवहः पापो वह्निज्वालोऽप्यधःशिराः॥ संदंशः कृष्णसूत्रश्च तमश्चावीचिरेवच

tathā pūyavahaḥ pāpo vahnijvālo'pyadhaḥśirāḥ|| saṁdaṁśaḥ kṛṣṇasūtraśca tamaścāvīcirevaca

and the sinful Puyavaha, Vahnijvala, and Adhahshiras,

Verse 14 (skanda.1.74.14)

श्वभोजनो विसूचिश्चाप्यवीचिश्च तथाऽपरः॥ कूटसाक्षी रौरवं च रोधं गोविप्ररोधकः

śvabhojano visūciścāpyavīciśca tathā'paraḥ|| kūṭasākṣī rauravaṁ ca rodhaṁ goviprarodhakaḥ

Sandamsha, Krishnasutra, Tamas, and Avichi; Shvabhojana, Visuchi, and yet another Avichi —

Verse 15 (skanda.1.74.15)

सुरापः सूकरं याति तालं मिथ्याम नुष्यहा॥ गुरुतल्पी तप्तकुम्भं तप्तलोहं च भक्तहा

surāpaḥ sūkaraṁ yāti tālaṁ mithyāma nuṣyahā|| gurutalpī taptakumbhaṁ taptalohaṁ ca bhaktahā

The false witness goes to Rauravra; the obstructer of cows and brahmins goes to Rodha; the drinker of liquor goes to Shukara; the killer by falsehood goes to Tala.

Verse 16 (skanda.1.74.16)

गुरूणामवमंता यचो महाज्वाले निपात्यते॥ लवणं शास्त्रहंता च निर्मर्यादो विमोहके

gurūṇāmavamaṁtā yaco mahājvāle nipātyate|| lavaṇaṁ śāstrahaṁtā ca nirmaryādo vimohake

He who violates his guru's bed goes to Taptakumbha; the betrayer of a devotee goes to Taptaloha; whoever disrespects his elders is cast into Mahajvala.

Verse 17 (skanda.1.74.17)

कृमिभक्ष्ये देवद्वेष्टा कृमिशे तु दुरिष्टकृत्॥ पितृदेवात्पूर्वमश्रल्लाँलाभक्ष्ये प्रयाति च

kṛmibhakṣye devadveṣṭā kṛmiśe tu duriṣṭakṛt|| pitṛdevātpūrvamaśrallā~lābhakṣye prayāti ca

The destroyer of scripture goes to Lavana; the boundless one goes to Vimohaka; the hater of the gods goes to Krimibhakshya; the performer of evil sacrifice goes to Krimisha.

Verse 18 (skanda.1.74.18)

मिथ्याजीवविरोधी विशसने कूटशस्त्रकृत्॥ अधोमुखे ह्यसद्ग्राही एकाशी पूयवाहके

mithyājīvavirodhī viśasane kūṭaśastrakṛt|| adhomukhe hyasadgrāhī ekāśī pūyavāhake

He who eats before offering to the ancestors and gods goes to Lalabhakshya; whoever lives by falsehood and enmity, and whoever wields treacherous weapons, go to Vishasana.

Verse 19 (skanda.1.74.19)

मार्ज्जारकुक्कुटश्वानपक्षिपोष्टा प्रयाति च॥ बधिरांधगृहक्षेत्रतृणधान्यादिज्वालकः

mārjjārakukkuṭaśvānapakṣipoṣṭā prayāti ca|| badhirāṁdhagṛhakṣetratṛṇadhānyādijvālakaḥ

The receiver of ill-gotten gains goes to Adhomukha; whoever eats alone goes to Puyavaha.

Verse 20 (skanda.1.74.20)

नक्षत्ररंगजीवी च याति वैतरणीं नरः॥ धनयौवनमत्तो यो धनहा कृष्णमेति सः

nakṣatraraṁgajīvī ca yāti vaitaraṇīṁ naraḥ|| dhanayauvanamatto yo dhanahā kṛṣṇameti saḥ

Whoever cruelly keeps cats, roosters, dogs, or birds, and whoever burns the houses, fields, or grain of the deaf or blind —

Verse 21 (skanda.1.74.21)

असिपत्रवनं याति वृक्षच्छेदी वृथैव यत्॥ कुहकाजीविनः सर्वे वह्निज्वाले पतंति ते

asipatravanaṁ yāti vṛkṣacchedī vṛthaiva yat|| kuhakājīvinaḥ sarve vahnijvāle pataṁti te

and whoever lives deceitfully by astrology or by performance, goes to Vaitarani. Whoever, intoxicated by wealth and youth, robs others of their wealth, goes to Krishna.

Verse 22 (skanda.1.74.22)

परस्त्रीं च परान्नं च गच्छन्संदंशमेति च॥ दिवास्वप्नपरा ये व्रतलोपपराश्च ये

parastrīṁ ca parānnaṁ ca gacchansaṁdaṁśameti ca|| divāsvapnaparā ye vratalopaparāśca ye

The wanton cutter of trees goes to Asipatravana; all those who live by deceit fall into Vahnijvala.

Verse 23 (skanda.1.74.23)

शरीरमदमत्ताश्च यांति चैते श्वभोजनम्॥ शिवं हरिं न मन्यंते यांत्यवीचिनमेव च

śarīramadamattāśca yāṁti caite śvabhojanam|| śivaṁ hariṁ na manyaṁte yāṁtyavīcinameva ca

Whoever consorts with another's wife or another's food goes to Sandamsha. Those devoted to daytime sleep and those who break their vows,

Verse 24 (skanda.1.74.24)

इत्येवमादिभिः पापैरशास्त्रौघस्य सेवनैः॥ पतंत्येव महाघोरनरकेषु सहस्रशः

ityevamādibhiḥ pāpairaśāstraughasya sevanaiḥ|| pataṁtyeva mahāghoranarakeṣu sahasraśaḥ

and those intoxicated by pride of body, go to Shvabhojana. Those who do not honor Shiva and Hari go to Avichi.

Verse 25 (skanda.1.74.25)

तस्माद्य इच्छेदेतेभ्यो विमोक्षं बुद्धिमान्नरः॥ श्रुतिमार्गेण तेनार्च्यौ देवौ हरिहरावुभौ

tasmādya icchedetebhyo vimokṣaṁ buddhimānnaraḥ|| śrutimārgeṇa tenārcyau devau hariharāvubhau

By such sins as these, and by following unscriptural conduct, men fall by the thousands into these most terrible hells.

Verse 26 (skanda.1.74.26)

नरकाणामधोभागे स्थितः कालाग्निसंज्ञकः॥ तदधो हट्टकश्चैव अनंतस्तदधः स्मृतः

narakāṇāmadhobhāge sthitaḥ kālāgnisaṁjñakaḥ|| tadadho haṭṭakaścaiva anaṁtastadadhaḥ smṛtaḥ

Therefore whatever wise man desires liberation from these should worship, by the path of the scriptures, both Hari and Hara.

Verse 27 (skanda.1.74.27)

यस्यैतत्सकलं विश्वं मूर्धाग्रे सर्षपायते॥ इत्यनंतप्रभावात्स ह्यनंत इति कीर्त्यते

yasyaitatsakalaṁ viśvaṁ mūrdhāgre sarṣapāyate|| ityanaṁtaprabhāvātsa hyanaṁta iti kīrtyate

Below the hells is situated the one named Kalagni; below that is Hataka; and below that is remembered Ananta,

Verse 28 (skanda.1.74.28)

दिशां गजास्तत्र पद्मकुमुदांजनवामनाः॥ तदधोंऽडकटाहश्च एकवीरास्ति तत्र च

diśāṁ gajāstatra padmakumudāṁjanavāmanāḥ|| tadadhoṁ'ḍakaṭāhaśca ekavīrāsti tatra ca

upon whose very head-tip this entire universe appears as small as a mustard seed. By this infinite power he is indeed celebrated as "Ananta."

Verse 29 (skanda.1.74.29)

चतुर्लक्षसहस्राणि नवतिश्च शतानि च॥ एतनैव प्रमाणेन उदकं च ततः स्मृतम्

caturlakṣasahasrāṇi navatiśca śatāni ca|| etanaiva pramāṇena udakaṁ ca tataḥ smṛtam

There, the elephants of the directions are Padma, Kumuda, Anjana, and Vamana. Below that is the cosmic shell, and there too is Ekavira.

Verse 30 (skanda.1.74.30)

तदधो नरकाः कोट्यो द्विकोट्योऽग्निस्ततो महान्॥ चत्वारिंशत्सहस्रैश्च तदधस्तम उच्यते

tadadho narakāḥ koṭyo dvikoṭyo'gnistato mahān|| catvāriṁśatsahasraiśca tadadhastama ucyate

In vast, immense number — by that same measure, water too is remembered to extend below that.

Verse 31 (skanda.1.74.31)

चत्वारिंश्च्चकोट्यस्तु चतस्रश्च ततः पराः॥ एकोननवतिर्लक्षाः सहस्राशीतिरेव च

catvāriṁśccakoṭyastu catasraśca tataḥ parāḥ|| ekonanavatirlakṣāḥ sahasrāśītireva ca

Below that, for crores of yojanas, are the hells; for two crores, the great fire; and forty thousand yojanas below that is called darkness.

Verse 32 (skanda.1.74.32)

तदधोंऽडकटाहोथ कोटिमात्रस्तथापरः॥ देवी युक्ता कपालीशा दंडहस्तेन चापि सा

tadadhoṁ'ḍakaṭāhotha koṭimātrastathāparaḥ|| devī yuktā kapālīśā daṁḍahastena cāpi sā

Forty crores, and four more beyond that, eighty-nine hundred thousand, and eighty thousand more —

Verse 33 (skanda.1.74.33)

देवीनां कोटिकोटीभिः संवृता तत्र पालिनी॥ संकर्षणस्य निःश्वासप्रेरितो दाहकोऽनलः

devīnāṁ koṭikoṭībhiḥ saṁvṛtā tatra pālinī|| saṁkarṣaṇasya niḥśvāsaprerito dāhako'nalaḥ

below that is another shell of a crore yojanas' extent; there the goddess Kapalisha stands, holding a staff in her hand,

Verse 34 (skanda.1.74.34)

कालाग्निं प्रेरयत्येव कल्पांते दह्यते जगत्॥ एवंविधमधःसूत्रं निर्मितं चात्र भारत

kālāgniṁ prerayatyeva kalpāṁte dahyate jagat|| evaṁvidhamadhaḥsūtraṁ nirmitaṁ cātra bhārata

surrounded by tens of millions of goddesses, as its guardian. The burning fire, driven by the breath of Sankarshana —

Verse 35 (skanda.1.74.35)

मध्यसूत्रे कटाहे च पालकांस्ताञ्छृणुष्व मे॥ वसुधामा स्थितः पूर्वे शंखपालश्च दक्षिणे

madhyasūtre kaṭāhe ca pālakāṁstāñchṛṇuṣva me|| vasudhāmā sthitaḥ pūrve śaṁkhapālaśca dakṣiṇe

itself sets in motion the fire of Time; at the end of the kalpa, the universe is consumed by it. Thus, O Bharata, this lower structure has been fashioned here.

Verse 36 (skanda.1.74.36)

तक्षकेशः स्थितः पश्चादुत्तरे केतुमानिति॥ हरसिद्धिः सुपर्णाक्षी भास्करा योगनंदिनी

takṣakeśaḥ sthitaḥ paścāduttare ketumāniti|| harasiddhiḥ suparṇākṣī bhāskarā yoganaṁdinī

Hear from me now of the guardians in the middle shell — Vasudhama is stationed in the east, Shankhapala in the south,

Verse 37 (skanda.1.74.37)

कोटिकोटी युता देवी देवीनां पालयत्यदः॥ एवमेतन्महाश्चर्यं ब्रह्मांडं स्थापितं च यैः

koṭikoṭī yutā devī devīnāṁ pālayatyadaḥ|| evametanmahāścaryaṁ brahmāṁḍaṁ sthāpitaṁ ca yaiḥ

Takshakesha in the west, and Ketuman in the north. Harasiddhi, Suparnakshi, Bhaskara, and Yoganandini —

Verse 38 (skanda.1.74.38)

नमामि तानहं नित्यं ब्रह्मविष्णुमहेश्वरान्॥ विष्णुलोको रुद्रलोको बहिश्चास्मात्प्रकीर्त्यते

namāmi tānahaṁ nityaṁ brahmaviṣṇumaheśvarān|| viṣṇuloko rudraloko bahiścāsmātprakīrtyate

each goddess accompanied by tens of millions of attendant goddesses, guards this region. Thus this great wonder, the cosmic egg, established by these —

Verse 39 (skanda.1.74.39)

तं च वर्णयितुं ब्रह्मा शक्तो नैवास्मदादयः॥ विमुक्ता यत्र संयांति नित्यं हरिहरव्रताः

taṁ ca varṇayituṁ brahmā śakto naivāsmadādayaḥ|| vimuktā yatra saṁyāṁti nityaṁ hariharavratāḥ

I ever bow to Brahma, Vishnu, and Maheshvara. Beyond this cosmic egg are declared to lie Vishnuloka and Rudraloka,

Verse 40 (skanda.1.74.40)

ब्रह्मांडं संवृतं ह्येतत्कटाहेन समंततः॥ कपित्थस्य यथा बीजं कटाहेन सुसंवृतम्

brahmāṁḍaṁ saṁvṛtaṁ hyetatkaṭāhena samaṁtataḥ|| kapitthasya yathā bījaṁ kaṭāhena susaṁvṛtam

which even Brahma is not able to fully describe, let alone one like myself. There the liberated, ever devoted in vow to Hari and Hara, go.

Verse 41 (skanda.1.74.41)

दशोत्तरेण पयसा वृतं तच्चापि तेजसा॥ तेजश्च वायुना वायुर्नभ साहंतया च तत्

daśottareṇa payasā vṛtaṁ taccāpi tejasā|| tejaśca vāyunā vāyurnabha sāhaṁtayā ca tat

This cosmic egg is entirely enclosed all around by its shell, as the seed of the wood-apple is well enclosed by its outer casing.

Verse 42 (skanda.1.74.42)

अहंकारश्च महता तं चापि प्रकृतिः परा॥ दशोत्तराणि सर्वाणि षडाहुः सप्तमं च तत्

ahaṁkāraśca mahatā taṁ cāpi prakṛtiḥ parā|| daśottarāṇi sarvāṇi ṣaḍāhuḥ saptamaṁ ca tat

That is surrounded by water ten times its extent; that by fire; fire by wind; wind by ether; and ether by ego-principle —

Verse 43 (skanda.1.74.43)

प्राकृतं चरणं पार्थ तदनंतं प्रकीर्तितम्॥ अंडानां तु सहस्राणां सहस्राण्ययुतानि च

prākṛtaṁ caraṇaṁ pārtha tadanaṁtaṁ prakīrtitam|| aṁḍānāṁ tu sahasrāṇāṁ sahasrāṇyayutāni ca

ego by Mahat, and that too by supreme Prakriti — each ten times greater than the last, and Prakriti as the seventh.

Verse 44 (skanda.1.74.44)

ईदृशानां तथा चात्र कोटिकोटिशतानि च॥ सर्वाण्येवंविधान्येव यादृशं कीर्तितंत्विदम्

īdṛśānāṁ tathā cātra koṭikoṭiśatāni ca|| sarvāṇyevaṁvidhānyeva yādṛśaṁ kīrtitaṁtvidam

This is called the Prakrita stage, O Partha, and it is declared infinite. Of such thousands upon thousands, tens of thousands of universes,

Verse 45 (skanda.1.74.45)

यस्यैवं वैभवं पार्थ तं नमामी सदाशिवम्॥ अहो मंदः स पापात्मा को वा तस्मादचेतनः

yasyaivaṁ vaibhavaṁ pārtha taṁ namāmī sadāśivam|| aho maṁdaḥ sa pāpātmā ko vā tasmādacetanaḥ

and hundreds of crores of crores of such universes exist here — all of them just like this one that has been described.

Verse 46 (skanda.1.74.46)

य एवंविधसंमोहतारकं न शिवं भजेत्॥ अथ ते कीर्थयिष्यामि कालमानं निबोध तत्

ya evaṁvidhasaṁmohatārakaṁ na śivaṁ bhajet|| atha te kīrthayiṣyāmi kālamānaṁ nibodha tat

O Partha, I bow to Sadashiva, whose glory is such as this. Ah, how dull and sinful — or even more senseless —

Verse 47 (skanda.1.74.47)

काष्ठा निमेषा दश पंच चाहुस्त्रिंशच्च काष्ठा गणयेत्कला हि॥ त्रिंशत्कलाश्चापि भवेन्मुहुर्त्तं तत्त्रिंशता रात्र्यहनी उभे च

kāṣṭhā nimeṣā daśa paṁca cāhustriṁśacca kāṣṭhā gaṇayetkalā hi|| triṁśatkalāścāpi bhavenmuhurttaṁ tattriṁśatā rātryahanī ubhe ca

is he who does not worship this bewildering-yet-liberating Shiva! Now I shall declare to you the measure of time; hear it.

Verse 48 (skanda.1.74.48)

दिवसे पंच कालाः स्युस्त्रिमुहूर्ताः श्रृणुष्व तान्॥ प्रातस्ततः संगवश्च मध्याह्नश्चापराह्णकः

divase paṁca kālāḥ syustrimuhūrtāḥ śrṛṇuṣva tān|| prātastataḥ saṁgavaśca madhyāhnaścāparāhṇakaḥ

Fifteen nimeshas make one Kashtha, they say; and thirty Kashthas are counted as one Kala. Thirty Kalas also make one Muhurta; and thirty Muhurtas make both night and day together.

Verse 49 (skanda.1.74.49)

सायाह्नः पंचमश्चापि मुहूर्ता दश पंच च॥ अहोरात्राः पंचदश पक्ष इत्यभिधीयते

sāyāhnaḥ paṁcamaścāpi muhūrtā daśa paṁca ca|| ahorātrāḥ paṁcadaśa pakṣa ityabhidhīyate

In the day there are five periods, each of three Muhurtas; hear them: morning, then Sangava, midday, afternoon,

Verse 50 (skanda.1.74.50)

मासः पक्षद्वयेनोक्तो द्वौ मासौ चार्कजावृतुः॥ ऋतुत्रयं चाप्ययनं द्वेयने वर्षमुच्यते

māsaḥ pakṣadvayenokto dvau māsau cārkajāvṛtuḥ|| ṛtutrayaṁ cāpyayanaṁ dveyane varṣamucyate

and evening as the fifth — thus fifteen Muhurtas. Fifteen day-nights are called a Paksha.

Verse 51 (skanda.1.74.51)

चतुर्भेदं मासमाहुः पंचभेदं च वत्सरम्॥ संवत्सरस्तु प्रथमो द्वितीयः परिवत्सरः

caturbhedaṁ māsamāhuḥ paṁcabhedaṁ ca vatsaram|| saṁvatsarastu prathamo dvitīyaḥ parivatsaraḥ

A month is said to consist of two Pakshas, two months make a Ritu; three Ritus make an Ayana, and two Ayanas are called a Varsha.

Verse 52 (skanda.1.74.52)

इद्वत्सरस्तृतीयोऽसौ चतुर्थश्चानुवत्सरः॥ पंचमश्च युगोनाम गणनानिश्चयो हि सः

idvatsarastṛtīyo'sau caturthaścānuvatsaraḥ|| paṁcamaśca yugonāma gaṇanāniścayo hi saḥ

The month is said to have four kinds, and the year-cycle five kinds: Samvatsara is the first, Parivatsara the second,

Verse 53 (skanda.1.74.53)

मासेन च मनुष्याणामहोरात्रं च पैतृकम्॥ कृष्णपक्षस्त्वहः प्रोक्तः शुक्लपक्षश्च शर्वरी

māsena ca manuṣyāṇāmahorātraṁ ca paitṛkam|| kṛṣṇapakṣastvahaḥ proktaḥ śuklapakṣaśca śarvarī

Idvatsara is the third, and Anuvatsara the fourth; and the fifth is named Yuga — this indeed is the settled reckoning.

Verse 54 (skanda.1.74.54)

मानुषेण च वर्षेण दैविको दिवसः स्मृतः॥ अहस्तत्रो दगयनं रात्रिः स्याद्दक्षिणायनम्

mānuṣeṇa ca varṣeṇa daiviko divasaḥ smṛtaḥ|| ahastatro dagayanaṁ rātriḥ syāddakṣiṇāyanam

A human month equals one day-night of the ancestors. The dark fortnight is said to be their day, and the bright fortnight their night.

Verse 55 (skanda.1.74.55)

वर्षेण चैव देवानां मतः सप्तर्षिवासरः॥ सप्तर्षीणां च वर्षेण ध्रौवश्च दिवसः स्मृतः

varṣeṇa caiva devānāṁ mataḥ saptarṣivāsaraḥ|| saptarṣīṇāṁ ca varṣeṇa dhrauvaśca divasaḥ smṛtaḥ

By a human year is reckoned a single day of the gods. There, uttarayana is their day, and dakshinayana their night.

Verse 56 (skanda.1.74.56)

मनुष्याणां च वर्षाणि लक्षासप्तदशैव तु॥ अष्टाविंशतिसहस्राणि कृतं त्रेतायुगं ततः

manuṣyāṇāṁ ca varṣāṇi lakṣāsaptadaśaiva tu|| aṣṭāviṁśatisahasrāṇi kṛtaṁ tretāyugaṁ tataḥ

By a year of the gods is reckoned a day of the Seven Sages. And by a year of the Seven Sages is reckoned a day of Dhruva.

Verse 57 (skanda.1.74.57)

लक्षद्वादशसाहस्रषण्नवत्यधिकाः पराः॥ अष्टौ लक्षाश्चतुःषष्टिसहस्राणि च द्वापरः

lakṣadvādaśasāhasraṣaṇnavatyadhikāḥ parāḥ|| aṣṭau lakṣāścatuḥṣaṣṭisahasrāṇi ca dvāparaḥ

In seventeen hundred thousand human years, adding twenty-eight thousand, the Krita Yuga is formed; then the Treta Yuga is twelve hundred thousand plus ninety-six thousand more years,

Verse 58 (skanda.1.74.58)

चतुर्लक्षं तु द्वात्रिंशत्सहस्राणि कलिः स्मृतः॥ चतुर्भिरेतैर्देवानां युगामित्यभिधीयते

caturlakṣaṁ tu dvātriṁśatsahasrāṇi kaliḥ smṛtaḥ|| caturbhiretairdevānāṁ yugāmityabhidhīyate

the Dvapara is eight hundred thousand and sixty-four thousand years, and the Kali is remembered as four hundred thousand and thirty-two thousand years.

Verse 59 (skanda.1.74.59)

आयुर्मनोर्युगानां च साधिका ह्येकसप्ततिः॥ चतुर्दशमनूनां च कालेन ब्रह्मणो दिनम्

āyurmanoryugānāṁ ca sādhikā hyekasaptatiḥ|| caturdaśamanūnāṁ ca kālena brahmaṇo dinam

By these four together is meant one divine Yuga of the gods. The lifespan of a Manu equals a little more than seventy-one such Yugas.

Verse 60 (skanda.1.74.60)

युगानां च सहस्रेण स च कल्पः श्रृणुष्व तान्॥ भवोद्भवस्तपभव्य ऋतुर्वह्निर्वराहकः

yugānāṁ ca sahasreṇa sa ca kalpaḥ śrṛṇuṣva tān|| bhavodbhavastapabhavya ṛturvahnirvarāhakaḥ

By the span of fourteen Manus comes one day of Brahma, equal to a thousand Yugas — this is a Kalpa. Now hear these Manus —

Verse 61 (skanda.1.74.61)

सावित्र आसिकश्चापि गांधारः कुशिकस्तथा॥ ऋषभश्च तथा खड्गो गांधारीयश्च मध्यमः

sāvitra āsikaścāpi gāṁdhāraḥ kuśikastathā|| ṛṣabhaśca tathā khaḍgo gāṁdhārīyaśca madhyamaḥ

Bhavodbhava, Tapobhavya, Ritu, Vahni, Varahaka; Savitra, Asika, Gandhara, and Kushika;

Verse 62 (skanda.1.74.62)

वैराजश्च निषादश्च मेघवाहनपंचमौ॥ चित्रको ज्ञान आकूतिर्मोनो दंशश्च बृंहकः

vairājaśca niṣādaśca meghavāhanapaṁcamau|| citrako jñāna ākūtirmono daṁśaśca bṛṁhakaḥ

Rishabha, Khadga, and the middle one Gandhariya; Vairaja and Nishada, and the fifth Meghavahana —

Verse 63 (skanda.1.74.63)

श्वेतो लोहितरक्तौ च पीतवासाः शिवः प्रभुः॥ सर्वरूपश्च मासोऽयमेवं वर्षशतावधिः

śveto lohitaraktau ca pītavāsāḥ śivaḥ prabhuḥ|| sarvarūpaśca māso'yamevaṁ varṣaśatāvadhiḥ

Chitraka, Jnana, Akuti, Mona, Damsha, and Brimhaka; Shveta, Lohitarakta, Pitavasa, Shiva, and Prabhu —

Verse 64 (skanda.1.74.64)

पूर्वार्धमपरार्धं च ब्रह्ममानमिदं स्मृतम्॥ विष्णोश्च शंकरस्यापि नाहं शक्तश्च वर्णने

pūrvārdhamaparārdhaṁ ca brahmamānamidaṁ smṛtam|| viṣṇośca śaṁkarasyāpi nāhaṁ śaktaśca varṇane

and Sarvarupa — this constitutes a "month," thus over a hundred years' span. The first half and the second half — this is remembered as the full measure of Brahma's life.

Verse 65 (skanda.1.74.65)

क्वाहमल्पमतिः पार्थ क्वापरौ हरित्र्यंबकौ॥ देविकेनैव मानेन पातालेष्वपि गण्यते

kvāhamalpamatiḥ pārtha kvāparau haritryaṁbakau|| devikenaiva mānena pātāleṣvapi gaṇyate

And I am not capable of describing the measure of Vishnu or of Shankara; where am I, of little intelligence, O Partha, and where are those two, Hari and Tryambaka!

Verse 66 (skanda.1.74.66)

इति ते सूचितं बुद्ध्या श्रृणु तत्प्राकृतं पुनः

iti te sūcitaṁ buddhyā śrṛṇu tatprākṛtaṁ punaḥ

By the divine measure alone is time reckoned even in the Patalas. Thus has this been indicated to you through understanding; now hear again of that natural order —

Verse 67 (skanda.1.74.67)

इति वैधात्रव्यवस्थितिः॥ ॥श्रीनारद उवाच॥ ऋषभोनाम यन्नाम्ना नानापाषंड कल्पनाः॥ कलौ पार्थ भविष्यंति लोकानां मोहनात्मिकाः

iti vaidhātravyavasthitiḥ|| ||śrīnārada uvāca|| ṛṣabhonāma yannāmnā nānāpāṣaṁḍa kalpanāḥ|| kalau pārtha bhaviṣyaṁti lokānāṁ mohanātmikāḥ

Thus is declared the arrangement of the Creator's time-scheme. Shri Narada said: In the name of Rishabha, various heretical fabrications,

Verse 68 (skanda.1.74.68)

तस्य पुत्रस्तु भरतः शतश्रृंगस्तु तत्सुतः॥ तस्य पुत्राष्टकं जातं तथैकाच कुमारिका

tasya putrastu bharataḥ śataśrṛṁgastu tatsutaḥ|| tasya putrāṣṭakaṁ jātaṁ tathaikāca kumārikā

O Partha, shall arise in the Kali age, deluding to the world. His son was Bharata, and Bharata's son was Shatashringa.

Verse 69 (skanda.1.74.69)

इंद्रद्वीपः कसेरुश्च ताम्रद्वीपो गभस्तिमान्॥ नागः सौम्यश्च गांधर्वो वरुणश्च कुमारिका

iṁdradvīpaḥ kaseruśca tāmradvīpo gabhastimān|| nāgaḥ saumyaśca gāṁdharvo varuṇaśca kumārikā

He had eight sons, and one daughter, Kumarika, as well. Indradvipa, Kaseru, Tamradvipa, Gabhastiman,

Verse 70 (skanda.1.74.70)

वदनं चापि कन्यायाः पार्थ बर्करिकाकृति॥ श्रृणु तत्कारणं सर्वं महाश्चर्यसमन्वितम्

vadanaṁ cāpi kanyāyāḥ pārtha barkarikākṛti|| śrṛṇu tatkāraṇaṁ sarvaṁ mahāścaryasamanvitam

Naga, Saumya, Gandharva, and Varuna — and the ninth child, Kumarika. O Partha, that maiden's face had the form of a goat's —

Verse 71 (skanda.1.74.71)

महीसागरपर्यंतं वृक्षराजिविराजिते॥ जालीगुल्मलताकीर्णे स्तंभतीर्थस्य संनिधौ

mahīsāgaraparyaṁtaṁ vṛkṣarājivirājite|| jālīgulmalatākīrṇe staṁbhatīrthasya saṁnidhau

hear all its cause, which is filled with great wonder. Extending to the confluence of Mahi and Sagara, adorned with rows of trees,

Verse 72 (skanda.1.74.72)

अजासमजतो मध्यात्काचिदेका च बर्करी॥ भ्रांता सती समायाता प्रदेशे तत्र दुश्चरे

ajāsamajato madhyātkācidekā ca barkarī|| bhrāṁtā satī samāyātā pradeśe tatra duścare

filled with thicket, shrub, and creeper, in the region near Stambhatirtha — one goat from a herd of goats,

Verse 73 (skanda.1.74.73)

इतस्ततो भ्रमंति सा जालिमध्ये समंततः॥ निर्गंतुं नैव शक्नोति क्षुत्पिपासार्दिता शुभा

itastato bhramaṁti sā jālimadhye samaṁtataḥ|| nirgaṁtuṁ naiva śaknoti kṣutpipāsārditā śubhā

straying, came to that impassable place. She wandered here and there amid that thicket,

Verse 74 (skanda.1.74.74)

विलग्ना जालिमध्ये तु ततः पंचत्वमागता॥ कालेन कियता तस्य त्रुटित्वा शिरसो ह्यधः

vilagnā jālimadhye tu tataḥ paṁcatvamāgatā|| kālena kiyatā tasya truṭitvā śiraso hyadhaḥ

unable to get out, that auspicious one afflicted by hunger and thirst. Caught fast in the thicket, she attained death;

Verse 75 (skanda.1.74.75)

पपात शनिदर्शे च महीसागरसंगमे॥ सर्वतीर्थमये तत्र सर्वपापप्रमोचने

papāta śanidarśe ca mahīsāgarasaṁgame|| sarvatīrthamaye tatra sarvapāpapramocane

after some time her head, becoming severed, fell downward —

Verse 76 (skanda.1.74.76)

शिरस्तु तदवस्थं हि समग्रं तत्र संस्थितम्॥ जालिगुल्मावलग्नं च तस्या नैवापतज्जले

śirastu tadavasthaṁ hi samagraṁ tatra saṁsthitam|| jāligulmāvalagnaṁ ca tasyā naivāpatajjale

it fell on the day of Shani's sighting, at the confluence of Mahi and Sagara, a place made of all tirthas, freeing from all sins.

Verse 77 (skanda.1.74.77)

शेषकायप्रपातेन महीसागरसंगमे॥ तत्तीर्थस्य प्रभावेन बर्करीसा कुरूद्वह

śeṣakāyaprapātena mahīsāgarasaṁgame|| tattīrthasya prabhāvena barkarīsā kurūdvaha

Her head remained there whole, in that same state; because caught in the thicket, it never fell into the water.

Verse 78 (skanda.1.74.78)

शकश्रृंगस्य वै राज्ञः सिंहलेष्वभवत्सुता॥ मुखं बर्करिकातुल्यं व्यक्तं तस्या व्यजायत

śakaśrṛṁgasya vai rājñaḥ siṁhaleṣvabhavatsutā|| mukhaṁ barkarikātulyaṁ vyaktaṁ tasyā vyajāyata

By the falling of the rest of her body into the Mahi-Sagara confluence — O descendant of Kuru, by the power of that tirtha, that goat,

Verse 79 (skanda.1.74.79)

दिव्यनारी शुभाकारा शेषकाये बभौ शुभा॥ पूर्वं तस्याप्यपुत्रस्य राज्ञः पुत्रशतोपमा

divyanārī śubhākārā śeṣakāye babhau śubhā|| pūrvaṁ tasyāpyaputrasya rājñaḥ putraśatopamā

was born as a daughter to King Shatashringa in Simhala. That daughter's face was clearly formed like a goat's —

Verse 80 (skanda.1.74.80)

पुत्री जाता प्रमोदेन स्वजनानंदवर्धिनी॥ ततस्तस्या विलोक्याथ मुखं वर्करिकाकृति

putrī jātā pramodena svajanānaṁdavardhinī|| tatastasyā vilokyātha mukhaṁ varkarikākṛti

but in the rest of her body she shone as a divine, auspicious, beautiful woman. To that king, previously without a son, dear as a hundred sons,

Verse 81 (skanda.1.74.81)

विस्मयं समनुप्राप्ताः सर्वे ते राजपूरुषाः॥ विषादं परमापन्नो राजा सांतःपुरस्तदा

vismayaṁ samanuprāptāḥ sarve te rājapūruṣāḥ|| viṣādaṁ paramāpanno rājā sāṁtaḥpurastadā

that daughter was born with great joy, increasing the delight of her family. Then, having seen her goat-like face,

Verse 82 (skanda.1.74.82)

खिन्नाः प्रकृतयः सर्वास्तादृग्रूपविलोकनात्॥ तत्किमित्येतदाश्चर्यमूचुः पौराः सुविस्मिताः

khinnāḥ prakṛtayaḥ sarvāstādṛgrūpavilokanāt|| tatkimityetadāścaryamūcuḥ paurāḥ suvismitāḥ

all the king's men were struck with astonishment. The king, together with his household, then fell into deep sorrow,

Verse 83 (skanda.1.74.83)

ततः सा यौवनं प्राप्ता साक्षाद्देवसुतोपमा॥ स्वमुखं दर्पणे वीक्ष्यस्मृतः पूर्वो भवस्तया

tataḥ sā yauvanaṁ prāptā sākṣāddevasutopamā|| svamukhaṁ darpaṇe vīkṣyasmṛtaḥ pūrvo bhavastayā

and the subjects, at the sight of such a strange form, grew despondent. The citizens, greatly astonished, said, "What is this wonder?"

Verse 84 (skanda.1.74.84)

तत्तीर्थस्य प्रभावेण मातृपित्रोर्निवेदितम्॥ विषादो नैव कर्तव्यो मदर्थे तात निश्चितम्

tattīrthasya prabhāveṇa mātṛpitrorniveditam|| viṣādo naiva kartavyo madarthe tāta niścitam

Then she attained youth, resembling directly a daughter of the gods. Beholding her own face in a mirror, she recalled her former birth.

Verse 85 (skanda.1.74.85)

मा शोकं कुरु मे मातः पूर्वजन्मार्जितं फलम्॥ ततः पूर्वं स्ववृत्तांतमुक्त्वा सा च कुमारिका

mā śokaṁ kuru me mātaḥ pūrvajanmārjitaṁ phalam|| tataḥ pūrvaṁ svavṛttāṁtamuktvā sā ca kumārikā

By the power of that tirtha this was declared to her parents: "For my sake you should not grieve, this is certain, O father!

Verse 86 (skanda.1.74.86)

पूर्वजन्मोद्भवः कायस्यस्या यत्रापतत्तथा॥ गमनाय तमुद्देशं विज्ञप्तौ पितरौ तया

pūrvajanmodbhavaḥ kāyasyasyā yatrāpatattathā|| gamanāya tamuddeśaṁ vijñaptau pitarau tayā

O mother, do not sorrow — this is the fruit of my own deeds from a former birth." Then that Kumarika, having first told her entire story —

Verse 87 (skanda.1.74.87)

अहं तात गमिष्यामि महीसागरसंगमम्॥ भवामि तत्र संप्राप्ता यथा कुरु तथा नृप

ahaṁ tāta gamiṣyāmi mahīsāgarasaṁgamam|| bhavāmi tatra saṁprāptā yathā kuru tathā nṛpa

— the place where, in her previous birth, her body had originated and fallen — she requested her parents' permission to go there.

Verse 88 (skanda.1.74.88)

ततः पित्रा प्रतिज्ञातं शतश्रृंगेण तत्तथा॥ तस्याः संवाहनं चक्रे राजा पोतैः सरत्नकैः

tataḥ pitrā pratijñātaṁ śataśrṛṁgeṇa tattathā|| tasyāḥ saṁvāhanaṁ cakre rājā potaiḥ saratnakaiḥ

"O father, I shall go to the confluence of Mahi and Sagara. Having reached there, O king, I shall do as is fitting."

Verse 89 (skanda.1.74.89)

स्तंभतीर्थं ततः साऽपि प्राप्य पोतार्यसंयुता॥ भूरिदानं ततश्चक्रे दानं सर्वस्वलक्षणम्

staṁbhatīrthaṁ tataḥ sā'pi prāpya potāryasaṁyutā|| bhūridānaṁ tataścakre dānaṁ sarvasvalakṣaṇam

Then her father Shatashringa promised to do just that; the king had her conveyed there by ships laden with jewels.

Verse 90 (skanda.1.74.90)

जालिगुल्मांतरेऽन्विष्य ततो दृष्टं निजं शिरः॥ अस्थिचर्मावशेषं च तदादाय प्रयत्नतः

jāligulmāṁtare'nviṣya tato dṛṣṭaṁ nijaṁ śiraḥ|| asthicarmāvaśeṣaṁ ca tadādāya prayatnataḥ

Then she too, having reached Stambhatirtha with her ships and retinue, began to give abundant gifts, of the nature of donating everything.

Verse 91 (skanda.1.74.91)

दग्ध्वा संगमसांनिध्ये क्षिप्तान्यस्थीनि संगमे॥ ततस्तीर्थप्रभावेण मुखं जातं शशिप्रभम्

dagdhvā saṁgamasāṁnidhye kṣiptānyasthīni saṁgame|| tatastīrthaprabhāveṇa mukhaṁ jātaṁ śaśiprabham

Searching among the thickets, she found her own head, of which only bone and skin remained; taking it up with care,

Verse 92 (skanda.1.74.92)

न तादृग्देवकन्यानां न तादृङनागयोषिताम्॥ न तादृङमर्त्यनारीणां तस्या यादृङमुखं मुखम्

na tādṛgdevakanyānāṁ na tādṛṅanāgayoṣitām|| na tādṛṅamartyanārīṇāṁ tasyā yādṛṅamukhaṁ mukham

having cremated it near the confluence, she cast the bones into the confluence. Then, by the power of that tirtha, her face became radiant as the moon —

Verse 93 (skanda.1.74.93)

सुरासुरनराः सर्वे तस्या रूपेण मोहिताः॥ बहुधा प्रार्थयंत्येनां न सा वरमभीप्सति

surāsuranarāḥ sarve tasyā rūpeṇa mohitāḥ|| bahudhā prārthayaṁtyenāṁ na sā varamabhīpsati

such was her face as neither the daughters of gods, nor the women of Nagas, nor any mortal woman possessed.

Verse 94 (skanda.1.74.94)

कष्टं तया मुदा तत्र प्रारब्धं दुश्चरं तपः॥ ततः संवत्सरे पूर्णे देवदेवो महेश्वरः

kaṣṭaṁ tayā mudā tatra prārabdhaṁ duścaraṁ tapaḥ|| tataḥ saṁvatsare pūrṇe devadevo maheśvaraḥ

Gods, demons, and men — all were enchanted by her beauty. They entreated her for marriage in many ways, but she desired no husband.

Verse 95 (skanda.1.74.95)

प्रत्यक्षतां गतस्तस्यै वरदोऽस्मीति चाब्रवीत्॥ ततस्तं पूजयित्वा च कुमारी वाक्यमब्रवीत्

pratyakṣatāṁ gatastasyai varado'smīti cābravīt|| tatastaṁ pūjayitvā ca kumārī vākyamabravīt

Then she joyfully began a most difficult austerity there. Then, when a year had been completed, the god of gods, Maheshvara,

Verse 96 (skanda.1.74.96)

यदि तुष्टोऽसि देवेश यदि देयो वरो मम॥ सांनिध्यं क्रियतामत्र सर्वकालं हि शंकर

yadi tuṣṭo'si deveśa yadi deyo varo mama|| sāṁnidhyaṁ kriyatāmatra sarvakālaṁ hi śaṁkara

appeared before her directly and said, "I am the granter of boons." Then, having worshipped him, Kumari said —

Verse 97 (skanda.1.74.97)

एवमस्त्विति शर्वेण प्रोक्ते हृष्टा कुमारिका॥ यत्र दग्धं शिरस्तस्या बर्कर्याः कुरुसत्तम

evamastviti śarveṇa prokte hṛṣṭā kumārikā|| yatra dagdhaṁ śirastasyā barkaryāḥ kurusattama

"If you are pleased, O Lord of gods, and if a boon is to be given to me, then, O Shankara, let your presence remain here for all time."

Verse 98 (skanda.1.74.98)

बर्करेशः शिवस्तत्र तया संस्थापितस्तदा॥ मन्मुखान्महादाश्चर्यं श्रुत्वेदं च तलातलात्

barkareśaḥ śivastatra tayā saṁsthāpitastadā|| manmukhānmahādāścaryaṁ śrutvedaṁ ca talātalāt

When Sharva said, "So be it," the delighted Kumarika, O best of Kurus, at the very place where the head of that goat had been cremated,

Verse 99 (skanda.1.74.99)

स्वस्तिकोनाम नागेंद्रः कुमारीं द्रष्टुमागतः॥ शिरसा गच्छता तेन यत्रोत्क्षिप्ता च भूरभूत्

svastikonāma nāgeṁdraḥ kumārīṁ draṣṭumāgataḥ|| śirasā gacchatā tena yatrotkṣiptā ca bhūrabhūt

then established Barbaresha, Shiva. Hearing this great wonder from my mouth, from the netherworld Talatala,

Verse 100 (skanda.1.74.100)

ईशाने बर्करेशस्य कूपोऽभूत्स्वस्तिकाभिधः॥ पूरितो गंगया पार्थसर्वतीर्थफलप्रदः

īśāne barkareśasya kūpo'bhūtsvastikābhidhaḥ|| pūrito gaṁgayā pārthasarvatīrthaphalapradaḥ

the Naga-lord named Svastika came to see Kumari. Where the earth was thrown up by his moving with his head,

Verse 101 (skanda.1.74.101)

दृष्ट्वा च स्थापितं लिंगं शिवस्तुष्टो वरं ददौ॥ येषां मृतशरीराणामत्र दाहः प्रजायते

dṛṣṭvā ca sthāpitaṁ liṁgaṁ śivastuṣṭo varaṁ dadau|| yeṣāṁ mṛtaśarīrāṇāmatra dāhaḥ prajāyate

in the northeast of Barbaresha a well came into being, known by the name "Svastika." O Partha, filled with Ganga water, that well bestows the fruit of all tirthas.

Verse 102 (skanda.1.74.102)

क्षिप्यंतेब्धौ तथा स्थीनि तेषां स्यादक्षया गतिः॥ ते स्वर्गे सुचिरं कालं वसित्वात्र समागताः

kṣipyaṁtebdhau tathā sthīni teṣāṁ syādakṣayā gatiḥ|| te svarge suciraṁ kālaṁ vasitvātra samāgatāḥ

Having seen the linga established, Shiva, pleased, granted this boon — whatever dead bodies are cremated here,

Verse 103 (skanda.1.74.103)

राजानः सर्वसंपूर्णाः सप्रतापा भवंति ते॥ बर्करेशं च यो भक्त्या संपूजयति मानवः

rājānaḥ sarvasaṁpūrṇāḥ sapratāpā bhavaṁti te|| barkareśaṁ ca yo bhaktyā saṁpūjayati mānavaḥ

and whose bones are cast into the ocean, their path becomes imperishable. Having dwelt long in heaven, they come again and,

Verse 104 (skanda.1.74.104)

स्नात्वार्णवमहीतोये तस्य स्यान्मनसेप्सितम्॥ कार्तिके च चतुर्द्देश्यां कृष्णायां श्रद्धयान्वितः

snātvārṇavamahītoye tasya syānmanasepsitam|| kārtike ca caturddeśyāṁ kṛṣṇāyāṁ śraddhayānvitaḥ

become kings, complete in every fortune and full of majesty. And whatever man devotedly worships Barbaresha,

Verse 105 (skanda.1.74.105)

कूपे स्नानं नरः कृत्वा संतर्प्य च पितॄन्निजान्॥ पूजयेद्बर्करेशं यः सर्पपापैः स मुच्यते

kūpe snānaṁ naraḥ kṛtvā saṁtarpya ca pitṝnnijān|| pūjayedbarkareśaṁ yaḥ sarpapāpaiḥ sa mucyate

having bathed in the waters of the ocean and the river, obtains what his heart desires. On the fourteenth day of the dark fortnight of Kartika, with faith,

Verse 106 (skanda.1.74.106)

एवं लब्ध्वा वरान्सर्वान्सा पुनः सिंहलं ययौ॥ शतश्रृङ्गाय पित्रे च वृत्तांतं स्वं न्यवेदयत्

evaṁ labdhvā varānsarvānsā punaḥ siṁhalaṁ yayau|| śataśrṛṅgāya pitre ca vṛttāṁtaṁ svaṁ nyavedayat

whoever, having bathed in that well and offered tarpana to his own ancestors, worships Barbaresha, is freed from serpent-sins.

Verse 107 (skanda.1.74.107)

तच्छ्रुत्वा विस्मितो राजा लोकाः सर्वे च फाल्गुन॥ प्रशशंसुर्महीतीर्थमाजग्मुश्च कृतादराः

tacchrutvā vismito rājā lokāḥ sarve ca phālguna|| praśaśaṁsurmahītīrthamājagmuśca kṛtādarāḥ

Having thus obtained all these boons, she went again to Simhala and related her entire account to her father Shatashringa.

Verse 108 (skanda.1.74.108)

स्नात्वा दत्त्वा च दानानि विविधानि च ते ततः॥ सिंहलं च ययुर्भूयस्तीर्थमाहात्म्यहर्षिताः

snātvā dattvā ca dānāni vividhāni ca te tataḥ|| siṁhalaṁ ca yayurbhūyastīrthamāhātmyaharṣitāḥ

O Phalguna, hearing this, the astonished king and all his subjects praised that great tirtha and came there with reverence.

Verse 109 (skanda.1.74.109)

अनिच्छंत्यां कुमार्यां च वरं द्रव्यं च पार्थिवः॥ तथान्यदपि प्रीत्यासौ यद्ददौ नृपतिः श्रृणु

anicchaṁtyāṁ kumāryāṁ ca varaṁ dravyaṁ ca pārthivaḥ|| tathānyadapi prītyāsau yaddadau nṛpatiḥ śrṛṇu

There, having bathed and given various gifts, delighted by the glory of the tirtha, they returned again to Simhala.

Verse 110 (skanda.1.74.110)

इदं भारतखंडं च नवधैव विभज्य सः॥ ददावष्टौ स्वपुत्राणां कुमार्यै नवमं तथा

idaṁ bhāratakhaṁḍaṁ ca navadhaiva vibhajya saḥ|| dadāvaṣṭau svaputrāṇāṁ kumāryai navamaṁ tathā

Even though Kumari was unwilling, the king gave her a dowry and wealth; and out of love, whatever else the king gave, hear —

Verse 111 (skanda.1.74.111)

तेषां विभेदान्वक्ष्यामि पर्वतैरुपशोभितान्॥ पुत्रनामानि वर्षाणि पर्वतांश्च श्रृणुष्व मे

teṣāṁ vibhedānvakṣyāmi parvatairupaśobhitān|| putranāmāni varṣāṇi parvatāṁśca śrṛṇuṣva me

he divided this Bharata-khanda into nine parts, and gave eight to his sons, and the ninth to Kumari.

Verse 112 (skanda.1.74.112)

महेन्द्रो मलयः सह्यः शुक्तिमानृक्षपर्वतः॥ विंध्यश्च पारियात्रश्च सप्तात्र कुलपर्वताः

mahendro malayaḥ sahyaḥ śuktimānṛkṣaparvataḥ|| viṁdhyaśca pāriyātraśca saptātra kulaparvatāḥ

Now I shall tell you of their divisions, adorned with mountains; hear from me the names of the sons, the regions, and the mountains —

Verse 113 (skanda.1.74.113)

महेन्द्रपरतश्चैव इन्द्रद्वीपो निगद्यते॥ पारियात्रस्य चैवार्वाक्खण्डं कौमारिकं स्मृतम्

mahendraparataścaiva indradvīpo nigadyate|| pāriyātrasya caivārvākkhaṇḍaṁ kaumārikaṁ smṛtam

Mahendra, Malaya, Sahya, Shuktiman, Rikshaparvata, Vindhya, and Pariyatra — these seven are the principal mountains here.

Verse 114 (skanda.1.74.114)

सहस्रमेकमेकं च सर्वखण्डान्यमूनि च॥ नदीनां संभवं चापि संक्षेपाच्छृणु फाल्गुन

sahasramekamekaṁ ca sarvakhaṇḍānyamūni ca|| nadīnāṁ saṁbhavaṁ cāpi saṁkṣepācchṛṇu phālguna

Beyond Mahendra is declared Indradvipa. The region on this side of Pariyatra is remembered as the Kaumarika-khanda —

Verse 115 (skanda.1.74.115)

वेदस्मृतिमुखा नद्यः पारियात्रोद्भवा मताः॥ नर्मदासरसाद्याश्च नद्यो विंध्याद्विनिर्गताः

vedasmṛtimukhā nadyaḥ pāriyātrodbhavā matāḥ|| narmadāsarasādyāśca nadyo viṁdhyādvinirgatāḥ

each of these regions being one thousand yojanas. Now hear also, in brief, of the origin of the rivers, O Phalguna.

Verse 116 (skanda.1.74.116)

शतद्रूचन्द्रभागाद्या ऋक्षपर्वतसंभवाः॥ ऋषिकुल्याकुमार्याद्याः शुक्तिमत्पादसंभवाः

śatadrūcandrabhāgādyā ṛkṣaparvatasaṁbhavāḥ|| ṛṣikulyākumāryādyāḥ śuktimatpādasaṁbhavāḥ

The rivers foremost in the Veda and the Smritis are held to arise from Pariyatra; the Narmada, Sarasvati, and other rivers issue from the Vindhya;

Verse 117 (skanda.1.74.117)

तापी पयोष्णी निर्विध्या कावेरी च महीनदी॥ कृष्णा वेणी भीमरथी सह्यपादोद्भवाः स्मृताः

tāpī payoṣṇī nirvidhyā kāverī ca mahīnadī|| kṛṣṇā veṇī bhīmarathī sahyapādodbhavāḥ smṛtāḥ

the Shatadru, Chandrabhaga, and others arise from Rikshaparvata; the Rishikulya, Kumari, and others arise from the foot of Shuktiman;

Verse 118 (skanda.1.74.118)

कृतमालाताम्रपर्णीप्रमुखा मलयोद्भवाः॥ त्रिसामऋष्यकुल्याद्या महेन्द्रप्रभवाः स्मृताः

kṛtamālātāmraparṇīpramukhā malayodbhavāḥ|| trisāmaṛṣyakulyādyā mahendraprabhavāḥ smṛtāḥ

the Tapi, Payoshni, Nirvindhya, Kaveri, and Mahi; the Krishna, Veni, and Bhimarathi — these are remembered as arising from the foot of Sahya.

Verse 119 (skanda.1.74.119)

एवं विभज्य पुत्रेभ्यः कुमार्यै च महीपतिः॥ शतशृंगो गिरं गत्वा उदीच्यां तप्तवांस्तपः

evaṁ vibhajya putrebhyaḥ kumāryai ca mahīpatiḥ|| śataśṛṁgo giraṁ gatvā udīcyāṁ taptavāṁstapaḥ

The Kritamala, Tamraparni, and others arise from Malaya; the Trisama, Rishyakulya, and others are remembered as arising from Mahendra.

Verse 120 (skanda.1.74.120)

तत्र तप्त्वा तपो घोरं ब्रह्मलोकं जगाम सः॥ शतश्रृंगो नृपश्रेष्ठः शतश्रृंगे नगोत्तमे

tatra taptvā tapo ghoraṁ brahmalokaṁ jagāma saḥ|| śataśrṛṁgo nṛpaśreṣṭhaḥ śataśrṛṁge nagottame

Having thus divided the land among his sons and Kumari, King Shatashringa went to a mountain in the northern direction and performed austerities there.

Verse 121 (skanda.1.74.121)

यत्र जातोऽसि कौतेय पांडोस्त्वं सोदरैः सह॥ कुमारी च महाभागा स्तंभतीर्थस्थिता सती

yatra jāto'si kauteya pāṁḍostvaṁ sodaraiḥ saha|| kumārī ca mahābhāgā staṁbhatīrthasthitā satī

There, having performed terrible austerity, he went to Brahmaloka — Shatashringa, best of kings, on that same excellent mountain Shatashringa,

Verse 122 (skanda.1.74.122)

खंडोद्भवेन द्रव्येण तेपे दानानि यच्छती॥ ततः केनापि कालेन भ्रातृभ्योऽष्टभ्य एव च

khaṁḍodbhavena dravyeṇa tepe dānāni yacchatī|| tataḥ kenāpi kālena bhrātṛbhyo'ṣṭabhya eva ca

where, O son of Kunti, you, son of Pandu, were born together with your brothers. And the most fortunate, chaste Kumari, remaining at Stambhatirtha,

Verse 123 (skanda.1.74.123)

महावीर्यबलोत्साहा जाता नव नवात्मजाः॥ ते समेत्य समागम्य कुमारीं प्रोचिरे ततः

mahāvīryabalotsāhā jātā nava navātmajāḥ|| te sametya samāgamya kumārīṁ procire tataḥ

began performing austerity, giving gifts from the wealth of her own region. Then, after some time, from her eight brothers,

Verse 124 (skanda.1.74.124)

कुलदेवी त्वमस्माकं प्रसादं कुरु नः शुभे॥ अष्टौ खण्डानि चास्माकं विभज्य स्वयमेव च॥ देही द्वासप्ततीनां नो विभेदः स्याद्यथा न नः

kuladevī tvamasmākaṁ prasādaṁ kuru naḥ śubhe|| aṣṭau khaṇḍāni cāsmākaṁ vibhajya svayameva ca|| dehī dvāsaptatīnāṁ no vibhedaḥ syādyathā na naḥ

were born nine sons each, endowed with great valor, strength, and vigor. All of them, gathering together, came to Kumari and said —

Verse 125 (skanda.1.74.125)

इत्युक्ता सर्वधर्मज्ञा विज्ञाने ब्रह्मणा समा॥ द्वासप्ततिविभेदैः सा नव खंडान्यचीकरत्

ityuktā sarvadharmajñā vijñāne brahmaṇā samā|| dvāsaptativibhedaiḥ sā nava khaṁḍānyacīkarat

"O auspicious one, you are our clan-goddess; show us your grace. Do you yourself divide our eight regions,"

Verse 126 (skanda.1.74.126)

तेषां नामानि ग्रामांश्च पत्तनानि च फाल्गुन॥ वेलाकूलानि संख्यां च वक्ष्यामि तव तत्त्वतः

teṣāṁ nāmāni grāmāṁśca pattanāni ca phālguna|| velākūlāni saṁkhyāṁ ca vakṣyāmi tava tattvataḥ

"and give them to the seventy-two of us, so that there be no division among us." Thus addressed, that goddess, knower of all dharma, equal to Brahma in wisdom,

Verse 127 (skanda.1.74.127)

कोटिश्चतस्रो ग्रामाणां नीवृदासीच्च मंडले॥ सार्धकोटिद्वयग्रामैर्देशो बालाक जच्यते

koṭiścatasro grāmāṇāṁ nīvṛdāsīcca maṁḍale|| sārdhakoṭidvayagrāmairdeśo bālāka jacyate

made those nine regions into seventy-two divisions. O Phalguna, I shall tell you truly their names, their villages and towns,

Verse 128 (skanda.1.74.128)

सपादकोटिर्ग्रामाणां पुरसाहणके विदुः॥ लक्षाश्चत्वार एवापि ग्रामाणामंधके स्मृताः

sapādakoṭirgrāmāṇāṁ purasāhaṇake viduḥ|| lakṣāścatvāra evāpi grāmāṇāmaṁdhake smṛtāḥ

and the number of their sea-coasts. In the region named Nivrit within the circle, there were four crores of villages;

Verse 129 (skanda.1.74.129)

एको लक्षश्च नेपाले ग्रामाणां परिकीर्तितः॥ षट्त्रींशल्लक्षमानं तु कान्यकुब्जे प्रकीर्तितम्

eko lakṣaśca nepāle grāmāṇāṁ parikīrtitaḥ|| ṣaṭtrīṁśallakṣamānaṁ tu kānyakubje prakīrtitam

by two and a half crore villages is known the country Balaka. In Purasahanaka are known one and a quarter crore villages;

Verse 130 (skanda.1.74.130)

द्वासप्ततिस्तथा लक्षा ग्रामा गाजणके स्मृताः॥ अष्टादश तथा लक्षा ग्रामाणां गौडदेशके

dvāsaptatistathā lakṣā grāmā gājaṇake smṛtāḥ|| aṣṭādaśa tathā lakṣā grāmāṇāṁ gauḍadeśake

in Andhaka are remembered four hundred thousand villages. In Nepal are declared one hundred thousand villages;

Verse 131 (skanda.1.74.131)

कामरूपे च ग्रामाणां नवलक्षाः प्रकीर्तिताः॥ डाहले वेदसंज्ञे तु ग्रामाणां नवलक्षकम्

kāmarūpe ca grāmāṇāṁ navalakṣāḥ prakīrtitāḥ|| ḍāhale vedasaṁjñe tu grāmāṇāṁ navalakṣakam

in Kanyakubja is declared a count of thirty-six hundred thousand. In Gajanaka are remembered seventy-two hundred thousand villages;

Verse 132 (skanda.1.74.132)

नवैव लक्षा ग्रामाणां कांतिपुरे प्रकीर्तिताः॥ नवलक्षास्तथा चैव माचिपुरे प्रकीर्तिताः

navaiva lakṣā grāmāṇāṁ kāṁtipure prakīrtitāḥ|| navalakṣāstathā caiva mācipure prakīrtitāḥ

in the Gauda country are eighteen hundred thousand villages. In Kamarupa are declared nine hundred thousand villages;

Verse 133 (skanda.1.74.133)

ओड्डियाणे तथा देशे नवलक्षाः प्रकीर्तिताः॥ जालंधरे तथा देशे नवलक्षाः प्रकीर्तिताः

oḍḍiyāṇe tathā deśe navalakṣāḥ prakīrtitāḥ|| jālaṁdhare tathā deśe navalakṣāḥ prakīrtitāḥ

in Dahala (called Veda) are nine hundred thousand villages. In Kantipura are declared nine hundred thousand villages;

Verse 134 (skanda.1.74.134)

लोहपूरे तथा देशे लक्षाः प्रोक्ता नवैव च॥ ग्रामाणां सप्तलक्षं च पांबीपुरे प्रकीर्तितम्

lohapūre tathā deśe lakṣāḥ proktā navaiva ca|| grāmāṇāṁ saptalakṣaṁ ca pāṁbīpure prakīrtitam

in Machipura too nine hundred thousand are declared. In the Oddiyana country nine hundred thousand are declared; in the Jalandhara country too nine hundred thousand are declared;

Verse 135 (skanda.1.74.135)

ग्रामाणां सप्तलक्षं च रटराजे प्रकीर्तितम्॥ हरीआले च ग्रामाणां लक्षपंचकसंमितम्

grāmāṇāṁ saptalakṣaṁ ca raṭarāje prakīrtitam|| harīāle ca grāmāṇāṁ lakṣapaṁcakasaṁmitam

in the Lohapura country too nine hundred thousand are declared. In Pambipura seven hundred thousand villages are declared;

Verse 136 (skanda.1.74.136)

सार्धलक्षत्रयं प्रोक्तं द्रडस्य विषये तथा॥ सार्धलक्षत्रयं प्रोक्तं तथावंभणवाहके

sārdhalakṣatrayaṁ proktaṁ draḍasya viṣaye tathā|| sārdhalakṣatrayaṁ proktaṁ tathāvaṁbhaṇavāhake

in Ratraja seven hundred thousand villages are declared. In Hariyala five hundred thousand villages are declared;

Verse 137 (skanda.1.74.137)

एकविंशतिसाहस्रं ग्रामणां नीलपूरके॥ तथामलविषये पार्थ ग्राममाणामेकलक्षकम्

ekaviṁśatisāhasraṁ grāmaṇāṁ nīlapūrake|| tathāmalaviṣaye pārtha grāmamāṇāmekalakṣakam

in the region of Drada three and a half hundred thousand are declared. In Vambhanavahaka too three and a half hundred thousand are declared;

Verse 138 (skanda.1.74.138)

नरेंदुनामदेशे तु लक्षमेकं सपादकम्॥ अतिलांगलदेशे च लक्षः प्रोक्तः सपादकः

nareṁdunāmadeśe tu lakṣamekaṁ sapādakam|| atilāṁgaladeśe ca lakṣaḥ proktaḥ sapādakaḥ

in Nilapuraka there are twenty-one thousand villages; O Partha, in the Amala region there are a hundred thousand villages;

Verse 139 (skanda.1.74.139)

लक्षाष्टादशसाहस्रं नवती द्वे च मालवे॥ सयंभरे तथा देशे लक्षः प्रोक्तः सपादकः

lakṣāṣṭādaśasāhasraṁ navatī dve ca mālave|| sayaṁbhare tathā deśe lakṣaḥ proktaḥ sapādakaḥ

in the country named Narendu there are a hundred and twenty-five thousand; in the country Atilangala too a hundred and twenty-five thousand are declared;

Verse 140 (skanda.1.74.140)

मेवाडे च तथा प्रोक्तो लक्षश्चैकःसपादकः॥ अशीतिश्च सहस्राणि वागुरिः परिकीर्तितः

mevāḍe ca tathā prokto lakṣaścaikaḥsapādakaḥ|| aśītiśca sahasrāṇi vāguriḥ parikīrtitaḥ

in Malava there are eighteen hundred thousand ninety-nine thousand; in the Sayambhara country a hundred and twenty-five thousand are declared;

Verse 141 (skanda.1.74.141)

ग्रामसप्ततिसाहस्रो गुर्जरात्रः प्रकीर्तितः॥ तथा सप्ततिसाहस्रः पांडर्विषय एव च

grāmasaptatisāhasro gurjarātraḥ prakīrtitaḥ|| tathā saptatisāhasraḥ pāṁḍarviṣaya eva ca

in Mewad too a hundred and twenty-five thousand are declared; in Vaguri eighty thousand are declared;

Verse 142 (skanda.1.74.142)

जहाहुतिसहस्राणि द्वाचत्वारिंशदेव च॥ अष्टषाष्टसहस्राणि प्रोक्तं काश्मीरमंडलम्

jahāhutisahasrāṇi dvācatvāriṁśadeva ca|| aṣṭaṣāṣṭasahasrāṇi proktaṁ kāśmīramaṁḍalam

in Gurjaratra seventy thousand villages are declared; and in the Pandu region too there are seventy thousand;

Verse 143 (skanda.1.74.143)

षष्टित्रिंशत्सहस्राणि ग्रामाणां कौंकणे विदुः॥ चतुर्दशशतं द्वे च विंशतीलघुकौंकणम्

ṣaṣṭitriṁśatsahasrāṇi grāmāṇāṁ kauṁkaṇe viduḥ|| caturdaśaśataṁ dve ca viṁśatīlaghukauṁkaṇam

[a count of] forty-two thousand; in the Kashmira region sixty-eight thousand are declared;

Verse 144 (skanda.1.74.144)

सिंधुः सहस्रदशके ग्रामाणां परिकीर्तितः

siṁdhuḥ sahasradaśake grāmāṇāṁ parikīrtitaḥ

in Konkana are known thirty-six thousand sixty villages; in Laghu-Konkana there are two thousand four hundred twenty;

Verse 145 (skanda.1.74.145)

चतुर्दशशते द्वे च विंशतिः कच्छमंडलम्॥ पंचपंचाशत्सहस्रं ग्रामाः सौराष्ट्रमुच्यते

caturdaśaśate dve ca viṁśatiḥ kacchamaṁḍalam|| paṁcapaṁcāśatsahasraṁ grāmāḥ saurāṣṭramucyate

in Sindhu ten thousand villages are declared.

Verse 146 (skanda.1.74.146)

एकविंशतिसहस्रो लाडदेशः प्रकीर्तितः॥ अतिसिंधुश्च ग्रामाणां दशसहस्र उच्यते॥ तथा चाश्वमुखं पार्थ दशसाहस्रमुच्यते

ekaviṁśatisahasro lāḍadeśaḥ prakīrtitaḥ|| atisiṁdhuśca grāmāṇāṁ daśasahasra ucyate|| tathā cāśvamukhaṁ pārtha daśasāhasramucyate

In the Kachchha region there are two thousand four hundred twenty; in Saurashtra fifty-five thousand villages are declared.

Verse 147 (skanda.1.74.147)

सहस्रदशकं चापि एकपादः प्रकीर्तितः

sahasradaśakaṁ cāpi ekapādaḥ prakīrtitaḥ

In Lada twenty-one thousand are declared; in Atisindhu ten thousand villages are declared; O Partha, in Ashvamukha too ten thousand are declared.

Verse 148 (skanda.1.74.148)

तथैव दशसाहस्रो देशः सूर्यमुखः स्मृतः॥ एकबाहुस्तथा देशो दशसाहस्रमुच्यते

tathaiva daśasāhasro deśaḥ sūryamukhaḥ smṛtaḥ|| ekabāhustathā deśo daśasāhasramucyate

[with them] ten thousand, and the country Ekapada is also declared.

Verse 149 (skanda.1.74.149)

सहस्रदशकं चैव संजायुरिति देशकः॥ शिवनामा तथा देशः सहस्रदशकः स्मृतः॥ सहस्राणि दश ख्यातं तथा कालहयंजयः

sahasradaśakaṁ caiva saṁjāyuriti deśakaḥ|| śivanāmā tathā deśaḥ sahasradaśakaḥ smṛtaḥ|| sahasrāṇi daśa khyātaṁ tathā kālahayaṁjayaḥ

Likewise the country Suryamukha is remembered as ten thousand; the country Ekabahu too is declared as ten thousand.

Verse 150 (skanda.1.74.150)

लिंगोद्भवस्तथा देशः सहस्राणि दशैव च॥ भद्रश्च देवभद्रश्च प्रत्येकं दशकौ स्मृतौ

liṁgodbhavastathā deśaḥ sahasrāṇi daśaiva ca|| bhadraśca devabhadraśca pratyekaṁ daśakau smṛtau

The country named Sanjayu too is ten thousand; the country Shivanama too is remembered as ten thousand; Kalahayanjaya too is declared as ten thousand.

Verse 151 (skanda.1.74.151)

षट्त्रिंशच्च सहस्राणि स्मृतौ चटविराटकौ॥ षट्त्रिंशच्च सहस्राणि यमकोटिः प्रकीर्तिता

ṣaṭtriṁśacca sahasrāṇi smṛtau caṭavirāṭakau|| ṣaṭtriṁśacca sahasrāṇi yamakoṭiḥ prakīrtitā

The country Lingodbhava too is ten thousand; Bhadra and Devabhadra — each is remembered as ten thousand.

Verse 152 (skanda.1.74.152)

अष्टादश तथा कोट्यो रामको देश उच्यते॥ तोमरश्चापि कर्णाटो युगलश्च त्रयस्त्विमे

aṣṭādaśa tathā koṭyo rāmako deśa ucyate|| tomaraścāpi karṇāṭo yugalaśca trayastvime

Chatavirataka is remembered as thirty-six thousand; Yamakoti is declared as thirty-six thousand.

Verse 153 (skanda.1.74.153)

सपादलक्षग्रामाणां प्रत्येकं परिकीर्तितः॥ पंचलक्षाश्च ग्रामाणां स्त्रीराज्यं परिकीर्तितम्

sapādalakṣagrāmāṇāṁ pratyekaṁ parikīrtitaḥ|| paṁcalakṣāśca grāmāṇāṁ strīrājyaṁ parikīrtitam

The country Ramaka is declared as eighteen crores; Tomara, Karnata, and Yugala — these three are each declared as a hundred and twenty-five thousand villages.

Verse 154 (skanda.1.74.154)

पुलस्त्यविषयश्चापि दशलक्षक उच्यते॥ प्रत्येकं लक्षदशकौ देशौ कांबोजकोशलौ

pulastyaviṣayaścāpi daśalakṣaka ucyate|| pratyekaṁ lakṣadaśakau deśau kāṁbojakośalau

The Stri-rajya is declared as five hundred thousand villages; the Pulastya region is declared as a million; Kamboja and Koshala — each a country of a million.

Verse 155 (skanda.1.74.155)

ग्रामाणां च चतुर्लक्षो बाल्हिकः परिकीर्त्यते॥ षट्त्रिंशच्च सहस्राणि लंकादेशः प्रकीर्तितः

grāmāṇāṁ ca caturlakṣo bālhikaḥ parikīrtyate|| ṣaṭtriṁśacca sahasrāṇi laṁkādeśaḥ prakīrtitaḥ

Balhika is declared as four hundred thousand villages; the country Lanka is declared as thirty-six thousand.

Verse 156 (skanda.1.74.156)

चतुःषष्टिसहस्राणि कुरुदेशः प्रकीर्तितः॥ सार्धलक्षस्तथा प्रोक्तः किरातविजयो जयः

catuḥṣaṣṭisahasrāṇi kurudeśaḥ prakīrtitaḥ|| sārdhalakṣastathā proktaḥ kirātavijayo jayaḥ

The country Kuru is declared as sixty-four thousand; Kiratavijaya is declared as a hundred and fifty thousand.

Verse 157 (skanda.1.74.157)

पंच प्राहुस्तथा लक्षान्विदर्भायां च ग्रामकान्॥ चतुर्दशसहस्राणि वर्धमानं प्रकीर्तितम्

paṁca prāhustathā lakṣānvidarbhāyāṁ ca grāmakān|| caturdaśasahasrāṇi vardhamānaṁ prakīrtitam

In Vidarbha are declared five hundred thousand villages; Vardhamana is declared as fourteen thousand.

Verse 158 (skanda.1.74.158)

सहस्रदशकं चापि सिंहलद्वीपमुच्यते॥ षट्त्रिंशच्च सहस्राणि ग्रामाणां पांडुदेशकः

sahasradaśakaṁ cāpi siṁhaladvīpamucyate|| ṣaṭtriṁśacca sahasrāṇi grāmāṇāṁ pāṁḍudeśakaḥ

Simhaladvipa is declared as ten thousand; the country Pandu is declared as thirty-six thousand villages.

Verse 159 (skanda.1.74.159)

लक्षैकं च तथा प्रोक्तं ग्रामाणां तु भयाणकम्॥ षट्षष्टिं च सहस्राणि देशो मागध उच्यते

lakṣaikaṁ ca tathā proktaṁ grāmāṇāṁ tu bhayāṇakam|| ṣaṭṣaṣṭiṁ ca sahasrāṇi deśo māgadha ucyate

Bhayanaka is declared as a hundred thousand villages; the country Magadha is declared as sixty-six thousand.

Verse 160 (skanda.1.74.160)

षष्टिसहस्राणि तथा ग्रामाणां पांगुदेशकः॥ त्रिंशत्साहस्र उक्तश्च ग्रामाणां च वरेंदुकः

ṣaṣṭisahasrāṇi tathā grāmāṇāṁ pāṁgudeśakaḥ|| triṁśatsāhasra uktaśca grāmāṇāṁ ca vareṁdukaḥ

The country Pangu is sixty thousand villages; Varenduka is declared as thirty thousand villages.

Verse 161 (skanda.1.74.161)

पंचविंशतिसाहस्रं मूलस्थानं प्रकीर्तितम्॥ चत्वारिंशत्सहस्राणि ग्रामाणां यावनः स्मृतः

paṁcaviṁśatisāhasraṁ mūlasthānaṁ prakīrtitam|| catvāriṁśatsahasrāṇi grāmāṇāṁ yāvanaḥ smṛtaḥ

Mulasthana is declared as twenty-five thousand; Yavana is remembered as forty thousand villages.

Verse 162 (skanda.1.74.162)

चत्वार्येव सहस्राणि पक्षबाहुरुदीर्यते॥ द्वासप्ततिरमी देशाः ग्रामसंख्याः प्रकीर्तिताः

catvāryeva sahasrāṇi pakṣabāhurudīryate|| dvāsaptatiramī deśāḥ grāmasaṁkhyāḥ prakīrtitāḥ

Pakshabahu is declared as only four thousand. These are the seventy-two countries, declared together with their village counts.

Verse 163 (skanda.1.74.163)

एवं भरतखंडेऽस्मिन्षण्णवत्येव कोटयः॥ द्वासप्ततिस्तथा लक्षाः पत्तनानां प्रकीर्तिताः

evaṁ bharatakhaṁḍe'sminṣaṇṇavatyeva koṭayaḥ|| dvāsaptatistathā lakṣāḥ pattanānāṁ prakīrtitāḥ

Thus in this Bharata-khanda there are ninety-six crores of villages; and seventy-two hundred thousand towns are declared,

Verse 164 (skanda.1.74.164)

षट्त्रिंशच्च सहस्राणि वेलाकूलानि भारत॥ एवं विभज्य खंडानि भ्रातृव्याणां ददौ नव

ṣaṭtriṁśacca sahasrāṇi velākūlāni bhārata|| evaṁ vibhajya khaṁḍāni bhrātṛvyāṇāṁ dadau nava

O Bharata, and thirty-six thousand sea-coasts. Having thus made the division, she gave the nine regions to her nephews.

Verse 165 (skanda.1.74.165)

आत्मीयमपि सा देवी अनिच्छुष्वपि तेषु च॥ यतो मान्येति भगिनी प्रति क्रुध्यंति भ्रातरः

ātmīyamapi sā devī anicchuṣvapi teṣu ca|| yato mānyeti bhaginī prati krudhyaṁti bhrātaraḥ

That goddess, though herself desiring none of those portions for herself, gave her own share to them — so that the brothers might not be angered toward their honored sister —

Verse 166 (skanda.1.74.166)

भ्रातॄन्प्रति भगिनी च विचार्यैव ददौ शुभा॥ तत्कृत्वा सानुमान्यैतान्स्तंभतीर्थमुपागता

bhrātṝnprati bhaginī ca vicāryaiva dadau śubhā|| tatkṛtvā sānumānyaitānstaṁbhatīrthamupāgatā

having deliberated on account of her brothers, that auspicious sister gave it up herself. Having done so, with their permission, she returned to Stambhatirtha.

Verse 167 (skanda.1.74.167)

तदा तेषु च देशेषु चतुर्वर्गस्य साधनम्॥ सर्वेषां प्रवरं प्रोक्तं कुमारीश्वरमेव च

tadā teṣu ca deśeṣu caturvargasya sādhanam|| sarveṣāṁ pravaraṁ proktaṁ kumārīśvarameva ca

For the attainment of the four aims of life in those countries, Kumarishvara is declared foremost among all,

Verse 168 (skanda.1.74.168)

तत्रापि गुप्तक्षेत्रं च वेदैतत्सा कुमारिका॥ गुप्तक्षेत्रे कुमारेशं पूजयंति महाव्रता

tatrāpi guptakṣetraṁ ca vedaitatsā kumārikā|| guptakṣetre kumāreśaṁ pūjayaṁti mahāvratā

and within it, Guptakshetra — this Kumarika knew. In Guptakshetra those observing great vows worship Kumaresha.

Verse 169 (skanda.1.74.169)

तस्थौ स्नायंती षट्सु चैवापि संगमे॥ ततः कालप्रकर्षाच् प्रासादे स्कंदनिर्मिते

tasthau snāyaṁtī ṣaṭsu caivāpi saṁgame|| tataḥ kālaprakarṣāc prāsāde skaṁdanirmite

She remained there, bathing at the confluence throughout the six seasons. Then, in the course of time, the temple built by Skanda,

Verse 170 (skanda.1.74.170)

जीर्णे नव्यं स्वर्णमयं प्रासादं साप्यकारयत्॥ ततस्तुष्टो महादेवस्तस्या भक्त्यातितोषितः

jīrṇe navyaṁ svarṇamayaṁ prāsādaṁ sāpyakārayat|| tatastuṣṭo mahādevastasyā bhaktyātitoṣitaḥ

having grown old, she had it rebuilt as a new, golden temple. Then Mahadeva, exceedingly pleased by her devotion,

Verse 171 (skanda.1.74.171)

कुमारलिंगादुत्थाय प्रत्यक्षस्तामवोचत॥ भद्रे तवाहं भक्त्या च विज्ञानेन च तोषितः

kumāraliṁgādutthāya pratyakṣastāmavocata|| bhadre tavāhaṁ bhaktyā ca vijñānena ca toṣitaḥ

rising from the Kumara-linga, appeared directly before her and said: "O gentle one, I am pleased by your devotion and understanding.

Verse 172 (skanda.1.74.172)

जीर्णः पुनरुद्धृतोऽयं प्रासादस्तेन तोषितः॥ तव नाम्ना च विख्यातो भविष्यामि कुमारिके

jīrṇaḥ punaruddhṛto'yaṁ prāsādastena toṣitaḥ|| tava nāmnā ca vikhyāto bhaviṣyāmi kumārike

This decayed temple has been renewed, and by this I am pleased. O Kumarike, I too shall become renowned by your name —

Verse 173 (skanda.1.74.173)

कर्ता चापि तथोद्धर्ता द्वौ वै समफलौ स्मृतौ॥ कुमारेशः कुमारीश इति वक्ष्यंति मां ततः

kartā cāpi tathoddhartā dvau vai samaphalau smṛtau|| kumāreśaḥ kumārīśa iti vakṣyaṁti māṁ tataḥ

for the builder and the restorer are both held to attain equal fruit. Therefore they shall call me by both names — Kumaresha and Kumarisha.

Verse 174 (skanda.1.74.174)

बर्करेशे च ये दत्त वरा दत्ताः सदैव ते॥ तवापि प्राप्तः कालश्च समीपे वरवर्णिनि

barkareśe ca ye datta varā dattāḥ sadaiva te|| tavāpi prāptaḥ kālaśca samīpe varavarṇini

Whatever boons were granted at Barbaresha, let them ever be understood as granted here too. O fair one, your time too has drawn near.

Verse 175 (skanda.1.74.175)

अभर्तृकाया नार्याश्च न स्वर्गो मोक्ष एव च॥ यथैव वृद्धकन्यायाः सरस्वत्यास्तटे शुभे

abhartṛkāyā nāryāśca na svargo mokṣa eva ca|| yathaiva vṛddhakanyāyāḥ sarasvatyāstaṭe śubhe

For a woman without a husband there is neither heaven nor liberation — as happened with the aged maiden on the auspicious bank of the Sarasvati.

Verse 176 (skanda.1.74.176)

तस्मात्त्वमत्र तीर्थे च महाकालमिति स्मृतम्॥ सिद्धिं गतं वृणु भद्रे पतित्वे वरवर्णिनि

tasmāttvamatra tīrthe ca mahākālamiti smṛtam|| siddhiṁ gataṁ vṛṇu bhadre patitve varavarṇini

Therefore, O gentle one, in this tirtha choose as your husband him who is remembered by the name "Mahakala," who has attained accomplishment, O fair one."

Verse 177 (skanda.1.74.177)

ततः सा रुद्रवाक्येन वरयामास तं पतिम्॥ रुद्रलोकं ययौ चापि महाकालसन्विता

tataḥ sā rudravākyena varayāmāsa taṁ patim|| rudralokaṁ yayau cāpi mahākālasanvitā

Then, by Rudra's word, she chose that husband; and, accompanied by Mahakala, she went to Rudraloka.

Verse 178 (skanda.1.74.178)

तत्र तां पार्वती प्राह समालिंग्य प्रहर्षिता॥ यस्मात्त्वया चित्रवच्च लिखिता पृथिवी शुभे

tatra tāṁ pārvatī prāha samāliṁgya praharṣitā|| yasmāttvayā citravacca likhitā pṛthivī śubhe

There Parvati, embracing her joyfully, said to her: "O auspicious one, since you have marked the earth as with a painting,"

Verse 179 (skanda.1.74.179)

चित्रलेखेतिनाम्ना त्वं तस्माद्भव सखी मम॥ ततः सखी समभवच्चित्रलेखेति सा शुभा

citralekhetināmnā tvaṁ tasmādbhava sakhī mama|| tataḥ sakhī samabhavaccitralekheti sā śubhā

"therefore become my companion under the name 'Chitralekha.'" Then that auspicious one became her companion under the name Chitralekha —

Verse 180 (skanda.1.74.180)

ययानिरुद्धः कथित उषायाः पतिरुत्तमः॥ योगिनीनां वरिष्ठा या महाकालस्य वल्लभा

yayāniruddhaḥ kathita uṣāyāḥ patiruttamaḥ|| yoginīnāṁ variṣṭhā yā mahākālasya vallabhā

— she who declared Aniruddha as Usha's excellent husband — foremost among Yoginis, the beloved of Mahakala,

Verse 181 (skanda.1.74.181)

अप्सुसा वार्षिकं बिंदुं पूर्णे वर्षशते पपौ॥ तपश्चरंती तस्मात्सा प्रोच्यते चाप्सरा दिवि

apsusā vārṣikaṁ biṁduṁ pūrṇe varṣaśate papau|| tapaścaraṁtī tasmātsā procyate cāpsarā divi

who, in the water, drank the yearly drop when a hundred years had been completed; performing austerity, she is therefore called "Apsara" in heaven.

Verse 182 (skanda.1.74.182)

एवंविधा कुमारी सा लिंगमेतद्धि फाल्गुन॥ स्थापयामास शिवदं बर्करेश्वरसंज्ञितम्

evaṁvidhā kumārī sā liṁgametaddhi phālguna|| sthāpayāmāsa śivadaṁ barkareśvarasaṁjñitam

O Phalguna, in this way that Kumari established this Shiva-bestowing linga, known by the name "Barbareshvara."

Verse 183 (skanda.1.74.183)

तस्मादत्र नृणां दाहश्चास्थिक्षेपश्च भारत॥ प्रयागादधिकौ प्रोक्तौ महेशस्य वचो यथा

tasmādatra nṛṇāṁ dāhaścāsthikṣepaśca bhārata|| prayāgādadhikau proktau maheśasya vaco yathā

Therefore, O Bharata, cremation and the scattering of bones here are declared, according to the word of Mahesha, to be superior even to those at Prayaga.