The Line of Puru down to Kuru and the Kings of Magadha

Verse 1 (vishnu.4.19.1)

श्रीपराशर उवाच । पूरोर्जनमेजयस्तस्यापि प्रचिन्वान् प्रचिन्वतः प्रवीरः प्रवीरान्मनस्युर्मनस्योश्चाभयदः तस्यापि सुद्युस्सुद्यो र्बहुगतः तस्यापि संयातिस्संयातेरहंयातिः ततो रौद्रा श्वः । ऋतेषुकक्षेषुस्थंडिलेषुकृतेषुजलेषुधर्मेषुधृतेषुस्थलेषुसन्नतेषुवनेषुनामानो रौद्रा श्वस्य दश पुत्रा बभूवुः ।

śrīparāśara uvāca pūrorjanamejayastasyāpi pracinvān pracinvataḥ pravīraḥ pravīrānmanasyurmanasyoścābhayadaḥ tasyāpi sudyussudyo rbahugataḥ tasyāpi saṁyātissaṁyāterahaṁyātiḥ tato raudrā śvaḥ ṛteṣukakṣeṣusthaṁḍileṣukṛteṣujaleṣudharmeṣudhṛteṣusthaleṣusannateṣuvaneṣunāmāno raudrā śvasya daśa putrā babhūvuḥ

Parashara said: Puru's son was Janamejaya; his son was Prachinvan; from Prachinvan, Pravira; from Pravira, Manasyu; from Manasyu, Abhayada; his son too was Sudyu; from Sudyu, Bahugata; his son too was Sanyati; from Sanyati, Ahamyati; and from him, Raudrashva. Raudrashva had ten sons, named Riteshu, Kaksha, Sthandila, Krita, Jala, Dharma, Dhrita, Sthala, Sannata and Vana.

Verse 2 (vishnu.4.19.2)

ऋतेषोरंतिनारः पुत्रोऽभूत् । सुमतिमप्रतिरथं ध्रुवं चाप्यंतिनारः पुत्रानवाप । अप्रतिरथस्य कण्वः पुत्रोऽभूत् । तस्यापि मेधातिथिः ।

ṛteṣoraṁtināraḥ putro'bhūt sumatimapratirathaṁ dhruvaṁ cāpyaṁtināraḥ putrānavāpa apratirathasya kaṇvaḥ putro'bhūt tasyāpi medhātithiḥ

Riteshu's son was named Antinara. Antinara begot the sons Sumati, Apratiratha and Dhruva. Apratiratha's son was Kanva. His son too was Medhatithi.

Verse 3 (vishnu.4.19.3)

यतः कण्वायना द्विजा बभूवुः । अप्रतिरथस्यापरः पुत्रोऽभूदैलीनः । ऐलीनस्य दुष्यंताद्याश्चत्वारः पुत्रा बभूवुः । दुष्यंताच्चक्रवर्त्ती भरतोऽभूत् ।

yataḥ kaṇvāyanā dvijā babhūvuḥ apratirathasyāparaḥ putro'bhūdailīnaḥ ailīnasya duṣyaṁtādyāścatvāraḥ putrā babhūvuḥ duṣyaṁtāccakravarttī bharato'bhūt

From him arose the brahmins known as Kanvayanas. Apratiratha had another son too, named Ailina. Ailina had four sons, Dushyanta and others. From Dushyanta was born the universal emperor Bharata.

Verse 4 (vishnu.4.19.4)

यन्नामहेतुर्देवैश्श्लोको गीयते । माता भस्त्र पितुः पुत्रो येन जातः स एव सः । भरस्व पुत्रं दुष्यंतमावमंस्थाश्शकुंतलाम् । रेतोधाः पुत्रो नयति नरदेव यमक्षयात् । त्वं चास्य धाता गर्भस्य सत्यमाह शकुंतला । भरतस्य पत्नित्रये नव पुत्रा बभूवुः ।

yannāmaheturdevaiśśloko gīyate mātā bhastra pituḥ putro yena jātaḥ sa eva saḥ bharasva putraṁ duṣyaṁtamāvamaṁsthāśśakuṁtalām retodhāḥ putro nayati naradeva yamakṣayāt tvaṁ cāsya dhātā garbhasya satyamāha śakuṁtalā bharatasya patnitraye nava putrā babhūvuḥ

Concerning the origin of whose name the gods sing this verse: 'A mother is but a leather bag; the true son is he in whom the father is himself reborn. O king, do not scorn Shakuntala — cherish your son Bharata; he who begets a son through his own seed thereby carries himself beyond death — you yourself are the father of this womb, and Shakuntala speaks the truth.' By his three wives Bharata had nine sons.

Verse 5 (vishnu.4.19.5)

नैते ममानुरूपा इत्यभिहितास्तन्मातरः परित्यागभयात्तत्पुत्राञ्जघ्नुः । ततोस्य वितथे पुत्रजन्मनि पुत्रार्थिनो मरुत्सोमयाजिनो दीर्घतमसः पार्ष्ण्यपास्तद्बृहस्पतिवीर्यादुतथ्यपत्न्यां ममतायां समुत्पन्नो भरद्वाजाख्यः पुत्रो मरुद्भिर्दत्तः ।

naite mamānurūpā ityabhihitāstanmātaraḥ parityāgabhayāttatputrāñjaghnuḥ tatosya vitathe putrajanmani putrārthino marutsomayājino dīrghatamasaḥ pārṣṇyapāstadbṛhaspativīryādutathyapatnyāṁ mamatāyāṁ samutpanno bharadvājākhyaḥ putro marudbhirdattaḥ

Deeming them unworthy of him, their mothers, out of fear of being cast off, slew those sons. So when his fatherhood had thus come to nothing, Bharata, desiring a son, obtained through the Maruts a son named Bharadvaja — begotten by the sage Dirghatamas, performer of the Marut and Soma sacrifices, himself born of Brihaspati's seed upon Mamata, wife of Utathya.

Verse 6 (vishnu.4.19.6)

तस्यापि नामनिर्वचनश्लोकः पठ्यते । मूढे भर द्वाजमिमं भरद्वाजं बृहस्पते । यातौ यदुक्त्वा पितरौ भरद्वाजस्ततस्त्वयम् इति । भरद्वाजस्स तस्य वितथे पुत्रजन्मनि मरुद्भिर्दत्तः ततो वितथसंज्ञामवाप । वितथस्यापि मन्युः पुत्रोऽभवत् ।

tasyāpi nāmanirvacanaślokaḥ paṭhyate mūḍhe bhara dvājamimaṁ bharadvājaṁ bṛhaspate yātau yaduktvā pitarau bharadvājastatastvayam iti bharadvājassa tasya vitathe putrajanmani marudbhirdattaḥ tato vitathasaṁjñāmavāpa vitathasyāpi manyuḥ putro'bhavat

Concerning his name too this verse is recited: 'Foolish one, rear this — O Brihaspati, this is your burden (dvaja)' — so saying, his parents departed, and hence he was called Bharadvaja. That Bharadvaja, given by the Maruts when Bharata's fatherhood had come to nothing, thus acquired the name Vitatha ('in vain'). Vitatha's son too was named Manyu.

Verse 7 (vishnu.4.19.7)

बृहत्क्षत्रमहावीर्यनगरगर्गा अभवन्मन्युपुत्राः । नगरस्य संकृतिस्संकृतेर्गुरुप्रीतिरंतिदेवौ । गर्गाच्छिनिः ततश्च गार्ग्याश्शैन्याः क्षत्रोपेता द्विजातयो बभूवु । महावीर्याच्च दुरुक्षयो नाम पुत्रोऽभवत् ।

bṛhatkṣatramahāvīryanagaragargā abhavanmanyuputrāḥ nagarasya saṁkṛtissaṁkṛterguruprītiraṁtidevau gargācchiniḥ tataśca gārgyāśśainyāḥ kṣatropetā dvijātayo babhūvu mahāvīryācca durukṣayo nāma putro'bhavat

Brihatkshatra, Mahavirya, Nagara and Garga were Manyu's sons. Nagara's son was Sankriti; Sankriti's sons were Guripriti and Antideva. From Garga came Shini, then the brahmins of kshatriya origin known as Gargyas and Shainyas. Mahavirya's son was named Duruksaya.

Verse 8 (vishnu.4.19.8)

तस्य त्रय्यारुणिः पुष्करिणः कपिश्च पुत्रत्रयमभूत् । तच्च पुत्रत्रितयमपि पश्चाद्विप्रतामुपजगाम । बृहत्क्षत्रस्य सुहोत्रः । सुहोत्राद्धस्ती य इदं हस्तिनपुरमावासयामास ।

tasya trayyāruṇiḥ puṣkariṇaḥ kapiśca putratrayamabhūt tacca putratritayamapi paścādvipratāmupajagāma bṛhatkṣatrasya suhotraḥ suhotrāddhastī ya idaṁ hastinapuramāvāsayāmāsa

He had three sons, Trayyaruni, Pushkarina and Kapi; all three later attained brahminhood. Brihatkshatra's son was Suhotra. From Suhotra came Hasti, who founded this city of Hastinapura.

Verse 9 (vishnu.4.19.9)

अजमीढद्विजमीढपुरुमीढास्त्रयो हस्तिनस्तनयाः । अजमीढात्कण्वः । कण्वान्मेधातिथिः । यतः कण्वायना द्विजाः ।

ajamīḍhadvijamīḍhapurumīḍhāstrayo hastinastanayāḥ ajamīḍhātkaṇvaḥ kaṇvānmedhātithiḥ yataḥ kaṇvāyanā dvijāḥ

Ajamidha, Dvijamidha and Purumidha were Hasti's three sons. From Ajamidha came Kanva; from Kanva, Medhatithi, from whom arose the Kanvayana brahmins.

Verse 10 (vishnu.4.19.10)

अजमीढस्यान्यः पुत्रो बृहदिषुः । बृहदिषोर्बृहद्धनुर्बृहद्धनुषश्च बृहत्कर्मा ततश्च जयद्रथस्तस्मादपिविश्वजित् । ततश्च सेनजित् । रुचिराश्वकाश्यदृढहनुवत्सहनुसंज्ञास्सेनजितः पुत्राः ।

ajamīḍhasyānyaḥ putro bṛhadiṣuḥ bṛhadiṣorbṛhaddhanurbṛhaddhanuṣaśca bṛhatkarmā tataśca jayadrathastasmādapiviśvajit tataśca senajit rucirāśvakāśyadṛḍhahanuvatsahanusaṁjñāssenajitaḥ putrāḥ

Ajamidha had another son too, named Brihadishu. From Brihadishu came Brihaddhanu; from him, Brihatkarma; then Jayadratha; from him too, Vishvajit; and from him, Senajit. Ruchiraashva, Kashya, Dridhahanu and Vatsahanu were Senajit's sons.

Verse 11 (vishnu.4.19.11)

रुचिराश्वपुत्रः पृथुसेनः पृथुसेनात्पारः । पारान्नीलः । तस्यैकशतं पुत्राणाम् । तेषां प्रधानः कांपिल्याधिपतिस्समरः ।

rucirāśvaputraḥ pṛthusenaḥ pṛthusenātpāraḥ pārānnīlaḥ tasyaikaśataṁ putrāṇām teṣāṁ pradhānaḥ kāṁpilyādhipatissamaraḥ

Ruchiraashva's son was Prithusena; from Prithusena came Para; from Para, Nila. He had a hundred sons, among whom Samara, lord of Kampilya, was foremost.

Verse 12 (vishnu.4.19.12)

समरस्यापि पारसुपारसदश्वास्त्रयः पुत्राः । सुपारात्पृथुः पृथोस्सुकृतेर्विभ्राजः । तस्माच्चाणुहः । यश्शुकदुहितरं कीर्त्तिं नामोपयेमे ।

samarasyāpi pārasupārasadaśvāstrayaḥ putrāḥ supārātpṛthuḥ pṛthossukṛtervibhrājaḥ tasmāccāṇuhaḥ yaśśukaduhitaraṁ kīrttiṁ nāmopayeme

Samara too had three sons, Para, Suparshva and Sadashva. From Suparshva came Prithu; from Prithu, Sukriti; from him, Vibhraja; and from him, Anuha, who married Kirti, daughter of Shuka.

Verse 13 (vishnu.4.19.13)

अणुहाद्ब्रह्यदत्तः । ततश्च विष्वक्सेनस्तस्मादुदक्सेनः । भल्लाभस्तस्य चात्मजः । द्विजमीढस्य तु यवीनरसंज्ञः पुत्रः ।

aṇuhādbrahyadattaḥ tataśca viṣvaksenastasmādudaksenaḥ bhallābhastasya cātmajaḥ dvijamīḍhasya tu yavīnarasaṁjñaḥ putraḥ

From Anuha came Brahmadatta; from him, Vishvaksena; from him, Udaksena; whose son was Bhallabha. Dvijamidha's son was named Yavinara.

Verse 14 (vishnu.4.19.14)

तस्यापि धृतिमांस्तस्माच्च सत्यधृतिस्ततश्च दृढनेमिस्तस्माच्च सुपार्श्वस्ततस्सुमतिस्ततश्च सन्नतिमान् । सन्नतिमतः कृतः पुत्रोऽभूत् । यं हिरण्यनाभो योगमध्यापयामास । यश्चतुर्विंशतिप्राच्यसामागानां संहिताश्चकार ।

tasyāpi dhṛtimāṁstasmācca satyadhṛtistataśca dṛḍhanemistasmācca supārśvastatassumatistataśca sannatimān sannatimataḥ kṛtaḥ putro'bhūt yaṁ hiraṇyanābho yogamadhyāpayāmāsa yaścaturviṁśatiprācyasāmāgānāṁ saṁhitāścakāra

His son too was Dhritiman; from him, Satyadhriti; then Dridhanemi; from him, Suparshva; then Sumati; then Sannatiman. Sannatiman's son too was named Krita, whom Hiranyanabha instructed in yoga, and who composed the twenty-four eastern Samaveda collections.

Verse 15 (vishnu.4.19.15)

कृताच्चोग्रायुधः । येन प्राचुर्येण नीपक्षयः कृतः । उग्रायुधात्क्षेम्यः क्षेम्यात्सुधीरस्तस्माद्रि पुंजयः तस्माच्च बहुरथ इत्येते पौरवाः । अजमीढस्य नलिनी नाम पत्नी तस्यां नीलसंज्ञः पुत्रोऽभवत् ।

kṛtāccogrāyudhaḥ yena prācuryeṇa nīpakṣayaḥ kṛtaḥ ugrāyudhātkṣemyaḥ kṣemyātsudhīrastasmādri puṁjayaḥ tasmācca bahuratha ityete pauravāḥ ajamīḍhasya nalinī nāma patnī tasyāṁ nīlasaṁjñaḥ putro'bhavat

From Krita came Ugrayudha, who by his sheer might brought about the destruction of the Nipa lineage. From Ugrayudha, Kshemya; from Kshemya, Sudhira; from him, Ripunjaya; from him, Bahuratha — these are called the Pauravas. Ajamidha had a wife named Nalini, by whom he had a son named Nila.

Verse 16 (vishnu.4.19.16)

तस्मादपि शांतिः शांतेस्सुशांतिस्सुशांतेः पुरंजयः तस्माच्च ऋक्षः । ततश्च हर्यश्वः । तस्मान्मुद्गलसृंजयबृहदिषुयवीनरकांपिल्यसंज्ञाः पंचानामेव तेषां विषयाणां रक्षणायालमेते मत्पुत्रा इति पित्राभिहिताः पांचालाः । मुद्गलाच्च मौद्गल्याः क्षत्रोपेता द्विजातयो बभूवुः ।

tasmādapi śāṁtiḥ śāṁtessuśāṁtissuśāṁteḥ puraṁjayaḥ tasmācca ṛkṣaḥ tataśca haryaśvaḥ tasmānmudgalasṛṁjayabṛhadiṣuyavīnarakāṁpilyasaṁjñāḥ paṁcānāmeva teṣāṁ viṣayāṇāṁ rakṣaṇāyālamete matputrā iti pitrābhihitāḥ pāṁcālāḥ mudgalācca maudgalyāḥ kṣatropetā dvijātayo babhūvuḥ

His son too was Shanti; from Shanti, Sushanti; from Sushanti, Puranjaya; from him, Riksha; and from him, Haryashva. His sons were Mudgala, Srinjaya, Brihadishu, Yavinara and Kampilya, whom their father called Panchalas, saying 'you are capable of protecting these five territories.' From Mudgala arose the brahmins of kshatriya origin called Maudgalyas.

Verse 17 (vishnu.4.19.17)

मुद्गलाद्धर्यश्वः । हर्यश्वाद्दिवोदासोऽहल्या च मिथुनमभूत् । शरद्वतश्चाहल्यायां शतानंदोऽभवत् । शतानंदात्सत्यधृतिर्धनुर्वेदान्तगो जज्ञे ।

mudgalāddharyaśvaḥ haryaśvāddivodāso'halyā ca mithunamabhūt śaradvataścāhalyāyāṁ śatānaṁdo'bhavat śatānaṁdātsatyadhṛtirdhanurvedāntago jajñe

From Mudgala came Haryashva. From Haryashva were born, as a pair, Divodasa and Ahalya. Sharadvat, by Ahalya, begot Shatananda. From Shatananda was born Satyadhriti, skilled in the science of archery.

Verse 18 (vishnu.4.19.18)

सत्यधृतेर्वराप्सरसमुर्वशीं दृष्ट्वा रेतस्कन्नं शरस्तंबे पपात । तच्च द्विधागतमपत्यद्वयं कुमारः कन्या चाभवत् । तौ च मृगयामुपयातश्शंतनुर्दृष्ट्वा कृपया जग्राह । ततः कुमारः कृपः कन्या चाश्वत्थाम्नो जननी कृपी द्रो णाचार्यस्य पत्न्यभवत् ।

satyadhṛtervarāpsarasamurvaśīṁ dṛṣṭvā retaskannaṁ śarastaṁbe papāta tacca dvidhāgatamapatyadvayaṁ kumāraḥ kanyā cābhavat tau ca mṛgayāmupayātaśśaṁtanurdṛṣṭvā kṛpayā jagrāha tataḥ kumāraḥ kṛpaḥ kanyā cāśvatthāmno jananī kṛpī dro ṇācāryasya patnyabhavat

Satyadhriti's seed, at the sight of the excellent apsaras Urvashi, fell upon a clump of reeds. From it, divided in two, arose a pair — a son and a daughter. King Shantanu, having gone out to hunt, saw the two and took them up out of compassion (kripa). Hence the son was named Kripa and the daughter Kripi, who became the mother of Ashvatthama and wife of Dronacharya.

Verse 19 (vishnu.4.19.19)

दिवोदासस्य पुत्रो मित्रायुः । मित्रायोश्च्यवनो नाम राजा । च्यवनात्सुदासः सुदासात्सौदासः सौदासात्सहदेवस्तस्यापि सोमकः । सोमकाज्जंतुः पुत्रशतज्येष्ठोऽभवत् ।

divodāsasya putro mitrāyuḥ mitrāyoścyavano nāma rājā cyavanātsudāsaḥ sudāsātsaudāsaḥ saudāsātsahadevastasyāpi somakaḥ somakājjaṁtuḥ putraśatajyeṣṭho'bhavat

Divodasa's son was Mitrayu. Mitrayu's son was King Chyavana. From Chyavana came Sudasa; from Sudasa, Saudasa; from Saudasa, Sahadeva; his son too was Somaka. From Somaka, eldest among a hundred sons, came Jantu.

Verse 20 (vishnu.4.19.20)

तेषां यवीयान् पृषतः पृषताद्द्रु पदस्तस्माच्च धृष्टद्युम्नस्ततो धृष्टकेतुः । अजमीढस्यान्यो ऋक्षनामा पुत्रोऽभवत् । तस्य संवरणः । संवरणात्कुरुः । य इदं धर्मक्षेत्रं कुरुक्षेत्रं चकार ।

teṣāṁ yavīyān pṛṣataḥ pṛṣatāddru padastasmācca dhṛṣṭadyumnastato dhṛṣṭaketuḥ ajamīḍhasyānyo ṛkṣanāmā putro'bhavat tasya saṁvaraṇaḥ saṁvaraṇātkuruḥ ya idaṁ dharmakṣetraṁ kurukṣetraṁ cakāra

The youngest among them was Prishata; from Prishata came Drupada; from him, Dhrishtadyumna; then Dhrishtaketu. Ajamidha had yet another son, named Riksha. His son was Samvarana. From Samvarana came Kuru, who established this field of dharma, Kurukshetra.

Verse 21 (vishnu.4.19.21)

सुधनुर्जह्नुपरीक्षित्प्रमुखाः कुरोः पुत्राः बभूवुः । सुधनुषः पुत्रस्सुहोत्रस्तस्माच्च्यवनः च्यवनात्कृतकः । ततश्चोपरिचरो वसुः । बृहद्रथप्रत्यग्रकुशांबकुचेलमात्स्यप्रमुखाः वसोः पुत्रास्सप्ताजायंत ।

sudhanurjahnuparīkṣitpramukhāḥ kuroḥ putrāḥ babhūvuḥ sudhanuṣaḥ putrassuhotrastasmāccyavanaḥ cyavanātkṛtakaḥ tataścoparicaro vasuḥ bṛhadrathapratyagrakuśāṁbakucelamātsyapramukhāḥ vasoḥ putrāssaptājāyaṁta

Sudhanu, Jahnu and Parikshit, among others, were Kuru's sons. Sudhanu's son was Suhotra; from him, Chyavana; from Chyavana, Kritaka. From him came Uparichara Vasu. Brihadratha, Pratyagra, Kushamba, Kuchela and Matsya, among others, were the seven sons born to Vasu.

Verse 22 (vishnu.4.19.22)

बृहद्रथात्कुशाग्रः कुशाग्राद्वृषभः वृषभात्पुष्पवान् तस्मात्सत्यहितः तस्मात्सुधन्वा तस्य च जतुः । बृंहद्रथाच्चान्यश्शकलद्वयजन्मा जरया संधितो जरासंधनामा । तस्मात्सहदेवस्सहदेवात्सोमपस्ततश्च श्रुतिश्रवाः । इत्येते मया मागधा भूपालाः कथिताः ।

bṛhadrathātkuśāgraḥ kuśāgrādvṛṣabhaḥ vṛṣabhātpuṣpavān tasmātsatyahitaḥ tasmātsudhanvā tasya ca jatuḥ bṛṁhadrathāccānyaśśakaladvayajanmā jarayā saṁdhito jarāsaṁdhanāmā tasmātsahadevassahadevātsomapastataśca śrutiśravāḥ ityete mayā māgadhā bhūpālāḥ kathitāḥ

From Brihadratha came Kushagra; from Kushagra, Vrishabha; from Vrishabha, Pushpavan; from him, Satyahita; from him, Sudhanva; whose son was Jatu. From Brihadratha too came another son, born in two pieces and joined together by the demoness Jara, hence called Jarasandha. From him came Sahadeva; from Sahadeva, Somapa; then Shrutishrava. Thus have I told you of the kings of Magadha.