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Anushasana Parva · Adhyaya 148

Serving the Sick Mendicants

Parashara teaches that no gift or fast wins the desired goal as service does, and that a man becomes like those he serves, as washed things take on the quality of the water. The Shudra is to wait upon mendicants worn out by the road or by illness: tending their grass, skins and bowls, washing their clothes, fetching and preparing medicines, and accepting only what is given in faith. The adhyaya closes with the teaching that opposites come and go by nature, and that one who knows this is untouched by sin like a lotus leaf by water.

Adhyaya 147All adhyayasAdhyaya 149

पराशर उवाच · Parashara said

Verse 1 (13.148.1)

न तथा सम्प्रदानेन नोपवासादिभिस्तथा । इष्टां गतिमवाप्नोति यथा शुश्रूषकर्मणा ॥

na tathā sampradānena nopavāsādibhistathā | iṣṭāṃ gatimavāpnoti yathā śuśrūṣakarmaṇā

Not by giving, nor by fasting and the like, does one reach the desired goal as one does by the work of service.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 197-198 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 10, printed after 13,098.022 as 13,098.022d@010_0197-0198); otherwise vulgate-only. The heading "पराशर उवाच" (13-148-1x) is not part of the verse; speaker पराशर (the CE has the label "parāśaraḥ" here, after @010_0196).

Verse 2 (13.148.2)

यादृशेन तु तोयेन शुद्धिं प्रकुरुते नरः । तादृग्भवति तद्धौतमुदकस्य प्रभावतः ॥

yādṛśena tu toyena śuddhiṃ prakurute naraḥ | tādṛgbhavati taddhautamudakasya prabhāvataḥ

By whatever kind of water a man purifies himself, such does the thing washed become, by the power of the water.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 199-200 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 10, printed after 13,098.022 as 13,098.022d@010_0199-0200); otherwise vulgate-only. Line 2: Wikisource "उदकस्य प्रभावतः" is a variant of CE "udakasya svabhāvataḥ"; kept.

Verse 3 (13.148.3)

शूद्रोप्येतेन मार्गेण यादृशं सेवते जनम् । तादृग्भवति संसर्गादचिरेण न संशयः ॥

śūdropyetena mārgeṇa yādṛśaṃ sevate janam | tādṛgbhavati saṃsargādacireṇa na saṃśayaḥ

A Shudra too, in this way, becomes in no long time like whatever kind of man he serves, through association; there is no doubt of it.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 201-202 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 10, printed after 13,098.022 as 13,098.022d@010_0201-0202); otherwise vulgate-only.

Verse 4 (13.148.4)

तस्मात्प्रयत्नतः सेव्या भिक्षवो नियतात्मना । उदकग्राहणाद्येन स्नपनोद्वर्तनैस्तथा ॥

tasmātprayatnataḥ sevyā bhikṣavo niyatātmanā | udakagrāhaṇādyena snapanodvartanaistathā

Therefore the mendicants are to be served with effort by one of controlled self, by fetching water and the like, by bathing and anointing them.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 203-204 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 10, printed after 13,098.022 as 13,098.022d@010_0203-0204); otherwise vulgate-only. Line 2: Wikisource "उदकग्राहणाद्येन" against CE "udakagrahaṇādyena"; a form with ā in a valid word, kept.

Verse 5 (13.148.5)

अध्वना कर्शितानां च व्याधितानां तथैव च । शुश्रूषां नियतं कुर्यात्तेषामापदि यत्नतः ॥

adhvanā karśitānāṃ ca vyādhitānāṃ tathaiva ca | śuśrūṣāṃ niyataṃ kuryātteṣāmāpadi yatnataḥ

For those worn out by the road and those who are sick he should steadily do service, with effort, in their time of need.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 205-206 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 10, printed after 13,098.022 as 13,098.022d@010_0205-0206); otherwise vulgate-only.

Verse 6 (13.148.6)

दर्भाजिनान्यवेक्षेत भैक्षभाजनमेव च । यथाकामं च कार्याणि सर्वाण्येवोपसाधयेत् । प्रायश्चित्तं यथा न स्यात्तथा सर्वं समाचरेत् ॥

darbhājinānyavekṣeta bhaikṣabhājanameva ca | yathākāmaṃ ca kāryāṇi sarvāṇyevopasādhayet | prāyaścittaṃ yathā na syāttathā sarvaṃ samācaret

He should look after their kusha grass and deerskins and their begging bowls. He should carry out all their tasks as they wish, and should act in every way so that no expiation may be needed.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 207-209 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 10, printed after 13,098.022 as 13,098.022d@010_0207-0209); otherwise vulgate-only. Three-line verse as printed (13-148-6a,b,c). Corrected यता न स्यात् → यथा न स्यात् (misprint in Wikisource; त for थ; CE yathā na syāt).

Verse 7 (13.148.7)

व्याधितानां तु भिक्षूणां चेलप्रक्षालनादिभिः । प्रतिकर्मक्रिया कार्या भेषजानयनैस्तथा ॥

vyādhitānāṃ tu bhikṣūṇāṃ celaprakṣālanādibhiḥ | pratikarmakriyā kāryā bheṣajānayanaistathā

For sick mendicants, care is to be given by washing their clothes and the like, and by fetching medicines.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 210-211 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 10, printed after 13,098.022 as 13,098.022d@010_0210-0211); otherwise vulgate-only. Line 1: Wikisource "भिक्षूणां चेलप्रक्षालनादिभिः" is a variant of CE "prayataś cailaprakṣālanādibhiḥ"; kept.

Verse 8 (13.148.8)

पिंषणालेपनं चूर्णं कषायमथ साधनम् । नान्यस्य प्रतिचारेषु सुखार्थमुपपादयेत् ॥

piṃṣaṇālepanaṃ cūrṇaṃ kaṣāyamatha sādhanam | nānyasya praticāreṣu sukhārthamupapādayet

Grinding and pasting, powders, decoctions and preparations: he should provide these for the comfort of the sick in their nursing, and not for anyone else.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 212-213 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 10, printed after 13,098.022 as 13,098.022d@010_0212-0213); otherwise vulgate-only.

Verse 9 (13.148.9)

भिक्षाटनोऽभिगच्छेत भिषजश्च विपश्चितः । ततो विनिष्क्रियार्थानि द्रव्याणि समुपार्जयेत् ॥

bhikṣāṭano'bhigaccheta bhiṣajaśca vipaścitaḥ | tato viniṣkriyārthāni dravyāṇi samupārjayet

Going about begging, he should approach wise physicians, and thereby gather the things needed to pay for the treatment.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 214-215 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 10, printed after 13,098.022 as 13,098.022d@010_0214-0215); otherwise vulgate-only. Line 2: Wikisource "विनिष्क्रियार्थानि" against CE "viniṣkrayārthāni"; spelling variant, kept.

Verse 10 (13.148.10)

यश्च प्रीतमना दद्यादादद्याद्भेषजं नरः । अश्रद्धया हि दत्तानि तान्यभोज्यानि भिक्षुभिः ॥

yaśca prītamanā dadyādādadyādbheṣajaṃ naraḥ | aśraddhayā hi dattāni tānyabhojyāni bhikṣubhiḥ

A man may give or take medicine with a glad heart; but what is given without faith is not fit for the mendicants to eat.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 216-217 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 10, printed after 13,098.022 as 13,098.022d@010_0216-0217); otherwise vulgate-only. Corrected तान्यभोक्ष्याणि → तान्यभोज्यानि (misprint in Wikisource; क्ष for ज; not a valid word, CE abhojyāni).

Verse 11 (13.148.11)

श्रद्धया यदुपादत्तं श्रद्धया चोपपादितम् । तस्योपभोगाद्धर्मः स्याद्व्याधिभिश्च निवर्त्यते ॥

śraddhayā yadupādattaṃ śraddhayā copapāditam | tasyopabhogāddharmaḥ syādvyādhibhiśca nivartyate

What is received with faith and furnished with faith: from enjoying it comes merit, and diseases are driven away.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 218-219 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 10, printed after 13,098.022 as 13,098.022d@010_0218-0219); otherwise vulgate-only.

Verse 12 (13.148.12)

आदेहपतनादेवं शुश्रूषेद्विधिपूर्वकम् । न त्वेवं धर्ममुत्सृज्य कुर्यात्तेषां प्रतिक्रियाम् ॥

ādehapatanādevaṃ śuśrūṣedvidhipūrvakam | na tvevaṃ dharmamutsṛjya kuryātteṣāṃ pratikriyām

Until the body falls he should serve thus, according to the rule; but he should never, abandoning dharma, undertake their remedy.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 220-221 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 10, printed after 13,098.022 as 13,098.022d@010_0220-0221); otherwise vulgate-only. Both lines are a recension variant of CE @010_0220-0221 ("ā dehapatanād evaṃ śuśrūṣārtham atandritaiḥ / na tv eva dharmam utsṛjya …"); kept as printed.

Verse 13 (13.148.13)

स्वभावतो हि द्वन्द्वानि विप्रयान्त्युपयान्ति च । स्वभावतः सर्वभावा भवन्ति न भवन्ति च । सागरस्योर्मिसदृशा विज्ञातव्या गुणात्मकाः ॥

svabhāvato hi dvandvāni viprayāntyupayānti ca | svabhāvataḥ sarvabhāvā bhavanti na bhavanti ca | sāgarasyormisadṛśā vijñātavyā guṇātmakāḥ

By nature pairs of opposites part and come together; by nature all states of being come to be and cease to be. They are to be known as qualities, like the waves of the sea.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 222-224 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 10, printed after 13,098.022 as 13,098.022d@010_0222-0224); otherwise vulgate-only. Three-line verse as printed (13-148-13a,b,c). Corrected नभवन्ति → न भवन्ति (misprint in Wikisource; words run together).

Verse 14 (13.148.14)

विद्यादेवं हि यो धीमांस्तत्ववित्तत्वदर्शनः । न स लिप्येत पापेन पद्मपत्रमिवाम्भसा ॥

vidyādevaṃ hi yo dhīmāṃstatvavittatvadarśanaḥ | na sa lipyeta pāpena padmapatramivāmbhasā

The wise man who knows this, a knower of the truth, a seer of the truth, is not stained by sin, as a lotus leaf is not by water.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 225-226 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 10, printed after 13,098.022 as 13,098.022d@010_0225-0226); otherwise vulgate-only. The stray closing quote mark (…पद्मपत्रमिवाम्भसा।।') is removed. This is the last verse of the page; the colophon follows. In the CE the speaker label "parāśaraḥ" (@010_0226) stands between its two lines.

Adhyaya 147All adhyayasAdhyaya 149