Whose Food May Be Eaten

Verse 1 (13.198.1)

के भोज्या ब्राह्मणस्येह के भोज्याः क्षत्रियस्य ह । तथा वैश्यस्य के भोज्याः के शूद्रस्य च भारत ॥

ke bhojyā brāhmaṇasyeha ke bhojyāḥ kṣatriyasya ha | tathā vaiśyasya ke bhojyāḥ ke śūdrasya ca bhārata

Whose food may a brahmin eat in this world, and whose a kshatriya? And likewise whose food may a vaishya eat, and whose a shudra, O Bharata?

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 0001-0002 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 14A, printed after 13.125.38 as 13,125.038d@014A_0001-0002). This whole adhyaya is vulgate/southern-manuscript text only; in the CE it is part of App. I No. 14A (13,125.038d@014A_0001-0090, spanning Wikisource adhyayas 198-199), inserted after 13.125.38.

Verse 2 (13.198.2)

ब्राह्मणा ब्राह्मणस्येह भोज्या ये चैव क्षत्रियाः । वैश्याश्चापि तथा भोज्याः शूद्राश्च परिवर्जिताः ॥

brāhmaṇā brāhmaṇasyeha bhojyā ye caiva kṣatriyāḥ | vaiśyāścāpi tathā bhojyāḥ śūdrāśca parivarjitāḥ

A brahmin may take food from brahmins here, from kshatriyas, and likewise from vaishyas; shudras are to be avoided.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 0003-0004 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 14A, printed after 13.125.38 as 13,125.038d@014A_0003-0004).

Verse 3 (13.198.3)

ब्राह्मणाः क्षत्रिया वैश्या भोज्या वै क्षत्रियस्य ह । वर्जनीयास्तु वै शूद्राः सर्वभक्षा विकर्मिणः ॥

brāhmaṇāḥ kṣatriyā vaiśyā bhojyā vai kṣatriyasya ha | varjanīyāstu vai śūdrāḥ sarvabhakṣā vikarmiṇaḥ

For a kshatriya, brahmins, kshatriyas and vaishyas are acceptable. Shudras are to be avoided, as are those who eat anything and do forbidden deeds.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 0005-0006 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 14A, printed after 13.125.38 as 13,125.038d@014A_0005-0006). CE has sarvabhakṣyā where Wikisource has सर्वभक्षा (recension variant, kept).

Verse 4 (13.198.4)

वैश्यास्तु भोज्या विप्राणां क्षत्रियाणां तथैव च । नित्याग्नयो विविक्ताश्च चातुर्मास्यरताश्च ये ॥

vaiśyāstu bhojyā viprāṇāṃ kṣatriyāṇāṃ tathaiva ca | nityāgnayo viviktāśca cāturmāsyaratāśca ye

Vaishyas also are acceptable to brahmins and kshatriyas alike: those who keep their sacred fires always, who are pure in conduct, and who are devoted to the Chaturmasya observances.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 0007-0008 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 14A, printed after 13.125.38 as 13,125.038d@014A_0007-0008).

Verse 5 (13.198.5)

शूद्राणामथ यो भुङ्क्ते स भुङ्क्ते पृथिवीमलम् । मलं नृणां स पिबति मलं भुङ्क्ते जनस्य च ॥

śūdrāṇāmatha yo bhuṅkte sa bhuṅkte pṛthivīmalam | malaṃ nṛṇāṃ sa pibati malaṃ bhuṅkte janasya ca

He who eats the food of shudras eats the filth of the earth; he drinks the filth of men and eats the filth of the people.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 0009-0010 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 14A, printed after 13.125.38 as 13,125.038d@014A_0009-0010).

Verse 6 (13.198.6)

शूद्राणां यस्तथा भुङ्क्ते स भुङ्क्ते पृथिवीमलम् । पृथिवीमलमश्नन्ति ये द्विजाः शूद्रभोजिनः ॥

śūdrāṇāṃ yastathā bhuṅkte sa bhuṅkte pṛthivīmalam | pṛthivīmalamaśnanti ye dvijāḥ śūdrabhojinaḥ

So too he who eats the food of shudras eats the filth of the earth; those twice-born who eat the food of shudras eat nothing but the earth's filth.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 0011-0012 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 14A, printed after 13.125.38 as 13,125.038d@014A_0011-0012).

Verse 7 (13.198.7)

शूद्रस्य कर्मनिष्ठायां विकर्मस्थोपि पच्यते । ब्राह्मणः क्षत्रियो वैश्यो विकर्मस्थश्च पच्यते ॥

śūdrasya karmaniṣṭhāyāṃ vikarmasthopi pacyate | brāhmaṇaḥ kṣatriyo vaiśyo vikarmasthaśca pacyate

Even one who stands in a higher calling is cooked in hell if he is devoted to a shudra's service; and a brahmin, kshatriya or vaishya who abides in work that is not his own is likewise cooked.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 0013-0014 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 14A, printed after 13.125.38 as 13,125.038d@014A_0013-0014).

Verse 8 (13.198.8)

स्वाध्यायनिरता विप्रास्तथा स्वस्त्ययने नृणाम् । रक्षणे क्षत्रियं प्राहुर्वैश्यं पुष्ट्यर्थमेव च ॥

svādhyāyaniratā viprāstathā svastyayane nṛṇām | rakṣaṇe kṣatriyaṃ prāhurvaiśyaṃ puṣṭyarthameva ca

Brahmins are said to be devoted to study and to rites that bring men well-being; the kshatriya is said to be for protection, and the vaishya for nourishing and prosperity.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 0015-0016 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 14A, printed after 13.125.38 as 13,125.038d@014A_0015-0016).

Verse 9 (13.198.9)

करोति कर्म यद्वैश्यस्तद्गत्वा ह्युपजीवति । कृषिगोरक्ष्यवाणिज्यमकुत्सा वैश्यकर्मणि ॥

karoti karma yadvaiśyastadgatvā hyupajīvati | kṛṣigorakṣyavāṇijyamakutsā vaiśyakarmaṇi

Whatever work a vaishya does, pursuing it he lives by it. Farming, tending cattle and trade are blameless in a vaishya's work.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 0017-0018 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 14A, printed after 13.125.38 as 13,125.038d@014A_0017-0018).

Verse 10 (13.198.10)

शूद्रकर्म तु यः कुर्यादवहाय स्वकर्म च । स विज्ञेयो यथा शूद्रो न च भोज्यः कदाचन ॥

śūdrakarma tu yaḥ kuryādavahāya svakarma ca | sa vijñeyo yathā śūdro na ca bhojyaḥ kadācana

One who gives up his own work and does a shudra's work is to be known as a shudra, and his food is never to be eaten.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 0019-0020 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 14A, printed after 13.125.38 as 13,125.038d@014A_0019-0020).

Verse 11 (13.198.11)

चिकित्सकः काण्डपृष्ठः पुराऽध्यक्षः पुरोहितः । सांवत्सरो वृथाध्यायी सर्वे ते शूद्रसंमिताः ॥

cikitsakaḥ kāṇḍapṛṣṭhaḥ purā'dhyakṣaḥ purohitaḥ | sāṃvatsaro vṛthādhyāyī sarve te śūdrasaṃmitāḥ

A physician, a base fellow, a city overseer, a household priest, an astrologer, and one who studies to no purpose: all these are counted as shudras.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 0021-0022 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 14A, printed after 13.125.38 as 13,125.038d@014A_0021-0022).

Verse 12 (13.198.12)

शूद्रकर्मस्वथैतेषु यो भुङ्क्ते निरपत्रपः । अभोज्यभोजनं भुक्त्वा भयं प्राप्नोति दारुणम् ॥

śūdrakarmasvathaiteṣu yo bhuṅkte nirapatrapaḥ | abhojyabhojanaṃ bhuktvā bhayaṃ prāpnoti dāruṇam

A shameless man who eats from those who follow these shudra-like occupations has eaten forbidden food and meets with a dreadful fear.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 0023-0024 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 14A, printed after 13.125.38 as 13,125.038d@014A_0023-0024).

Verse 13 (13.198.13)

कुलं वीर्यं च तेजश्च तिर्यग्योनित्वमेव च । स प्रयाति यथा श्वा वै निष्क्रियो धर्मवर्जितः ॥

kulaṃ vīryaṃ ca tejaśca tiryagyonitvameva ca | sa prayāti yathā śvā vai niṣkriyo dharmavarjitaḥ

He loses family, vigour and splendour, and even sinks into an animal birth, going the way of a dog: idle and devoid of dharma.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 0025-0026 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 14A, printed after 13.125.38 as 13,125.038d@014A_0025-0026).

Verse 14 (13.198.14)

भुङ्क्ते चिकित्सकस्यान्नं तदन्नं च पुरीषवत् । पुंश्चल्यन्नं च मूत्रं स्यात्कारुकान्नं च शोणितम् ॥

bhuṅkte cikitsakasyānnaṃ tadannaṃ ca purīṣavat | puṃścalyannaṃ ca mūtraṃ syātkārukānnaṃ ca śoṇitam

He who eats a physician's food eats what is like excrement; a harlot's food is like urine, and an artisan's food is like blood.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 0027-0028 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 14A, printed after 13.125.38 as 13,125.038d@014A_0027-0028).

Verse 15 (13.198.15)

विद्योपजीविनोऽन्नं च यो भुङ्क्ते साधुसम्मतः । तदप्यन्नं यथा शौद्रं तत्साधुः परिवर्जयेत् ॥

vidyopajīvino'nnaṃ ca yo bhuṅkte sādhusammataḥ | tadapyannaṃ yathā śaudraṃ tatsādhuḥ parivarjayet

Even the food of one who lives by his learning, if a man esteemed as good eats it, is like a shudra's food; a good man should avoid it.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 0029-0030 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 14A, printed after 13.125.38 as 13,125.038d@014A_0029-0030).

Verse 16 (13.198.16)

वचनीयस्य यो भुङ्क्ते तमाहुः शोणितं ह्रदम् । पिशुनं भोजनं भुङ्क्ते ब्रह्महत्यासमं विदुः ॥

vacanīyasya yo bhuṅkte tamāhuḥ śoṇitaṃ hradam | piśunaṃ bhojanaṃ bhuṅkte brahmahatyāsamaṃ viduḥ

He who eats the food of one open to reproach is called a pool of blood; he who eats a slanderer's meal is held to be the equal of a slayer of a brahmin.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 0031-0032 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 14A, printed after 13.125.38 as 13,125.038d@014A_0031-0032).

Verse 17 (13.198.17)

असत्कृतमवज्ञातं न भोक्तव्यं कदाचन ॥

asatkṛtamavajñātaṃ na bhoktavyaṃ kadācana

Food that is given without respect, or with contempt, is never to be eaten.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: line 0033 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 14A, printed after 13.125.38 as 13,125.038d@014A_0033). The line stands alone as a half-verse in Wikisource, as it does in the CE (line 0033 alone).

Verse 18 (13.198.18)

व्याधिं कुलक्षयं चैव क्षिप्रं प्राप्नोति ब्राह्मणः । नगरीरक्षिणो भुङ्क्ते श्वपचप्रवणो भवेत् ॥

vyādhiṃ kulakṣayaṃ caiva kṣipraṃ prāpnoti brāhmaṇaḥ | nagarīrakṣiṇo bhuṅkte śvapacapravaṇo bhavet

A brahmin quickly incurs disease and the ruin of his family; and he who eats the food of the city's guard becomes inclined toward the dog-eater's state.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 0034-0035 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 14A, printed after 13.125.38 as 13,125.038d@014A_0034-0035).

Verse 19 (13.198.19)

गोघ्ने च ब्राह्मणघ्ने च सुरापे गुरुतल्पगे । भुक्त्वाऽन्नं जायते विप्रो रक्षसां कुलवर्धनः ॥

goghne ca brāhmaṇaghne ca surāpe gurutalpage | bhuktvā'nnaṃ jāyate vipro rakṣasāṃ kulavardhanaḥ

A brahmin who has eaten the food of a slayer of cows, a slayer of brahmins, a drinker of liquor, or one who defiles his teacher's bed, is born as one who increases the race of rakshasas.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 0036-0037 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 14A, printed after 13.125.38 as 13,125.038d@014A_0036-0037).

Verse 20 (13.198.20)

न्यासापहारिणो भुक्त्वा कृतघ्ने क्लीबवर्तिनि । जायते शबरावासे मध्यदेशबहिष्कृते ॥

nyāsāpahāriṇo bhuktvā kṛtaghne klībavartini | jāyate śabarāvāse madhyadeśabahiṣkṛte

Having eaten the food of one who embezzles a deposit, of an ungrateful man, or of one who lives like a eunuch, he is born in a Shabara's hut, cast out from the Middle Country.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 0038-0039 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 14A, printed after 13.125.38 as 13,125.038d@014A_0038-0039).

Verse 21 (13.198.21)

अभोज्याश्चैव भोज्याश्च मया प्रोक्ता यथाविधि । किमन्यदद्य कौन्तेय मत्तस्त्वं श्रोतुमिच्छसि ॥

abhojyāścaiva bhojyāśca mayā proktā yathāvidhi | kimanyadadya kaunteya mattastvaṃ śrotumicchasi

Thus I have told you, as is proper, whose food may be eaten and whose may not. What else would you like to hear from me today, son of Kunti?

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition's constituted text: lines 0040-0041 of the CE's inline Appendix I passage (App. I No. 14A, printed after 13.125.38 as 13,125.038d@014A_0040-0041). Stray closing bracket '।।]' after the last line removed (Wikisource page bracket; not part of the verse).