Shiva Teaches Uma the Dharma of the Householder

Verse 1 (13.211.1)

उक्तस्त्वया त्रिवर्गस्य धर्मश्च परमः शुभः । सर्वव्यापी तु यो धर्मो भगवंस्तं ब्रवीतु मे ॥

uktastvayā trivargasya dharmaśca paramaḥ śubhaḥ | sarvavyāpī tu yo dharmo bhagavaṃstaṃ bravītu me

You have taught me the supreme and auspicious dharma of the three aims of life. Lord, now tell me that dharma which pervades everything.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0743-0744 (13,134.057d@015_0743-0744). A differently worded parallel stands in the critical edition proper at 13.129.1; ce_ref left null. The page heading is "उमोवाच" (उमा उवाच, sandhi form); the speaker is Uma.

Verse 2 (13.211.2)

ब्रह्मणा लोकसंसारे सृष्टा धात्रा गुणार्थिना । लोकांस्तारयितुं युक्ता मर्त्येषु क्षितिदेवताः ॥

brahmaṇā lokasaṃsāre sṛṣṭā dhātrā guṇārthinā | lokāṃstārayituṃ yuktā martyeṣu kṣitidevatāḥ

Brahma, the creator, desiring excellence, made in the round of the world the gods of the earth among mortals, the Brahmins, fit to carry the worlds across.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0745-0746 (13,134.057d@015_0745-0746). A differently worded parallel stands in the critical edition proper at 13.129.2; ce_ref left null. Wikisource reads ब्रह्मणा (by Brahma); the critical edition (13.129.2, Appendix I 15_0745) has ब्राह्मणा. Both are good Sanskrit, so the Wikisource reading is kept and translated.

Verse 3 (13.211.3)

तेषु तावत्प्रवक्ष्यामि धर्मं शुभफलोदयम् । ब्राह्मणेष्वभयो धर्मः परमः शुभलक्षणः ॥

teṣu tāvatpravakṣyāmi dharmaṃ śubhaphalodayam | brāhmaṇeṣvabhayo dharmaḥ paramaḥ śubhalakṣaṇaḥ

First I shall tell you the dharma among them, which brings auspicious fruit. Among Brahmins, fearlessness, the granting of safety to all, is the supreme dharma, marked by good fortune.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0747-0748 (13,134.057d@015_0747-0748). A differently worded parallel stands in the critical edition proper at 13.129.3; ce_ref left null.

Verse 4 (13.211.4)

इमे च धर्मा लोकानां पूर्वं सृष्टाः स्वयंभुवा । पृथिव्यां सद्द्विजैर्नित्यं कीर्त्यमानं निबोध मे ॥

ime ca dharmā lokānāṃ pūrvaṃ sṛṣṭāḥ svayaṃbhuvā | pṛthivyāṃ saddvijairnityaṃ kīrtyamānaṃ nibodha me

These dharmas of the worlds were created in the beginning by the Self-born. Listen to me as they are always proclaimed on earth by good twice-born men.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0749-0750 (13,134.057d@015_0749-0750). A differently worded parallel stands in the critical edition proper at 13.129.4; ce_ref left null.

Verse 5 (13.211.5)

स्वदारनिरतिर्धर्मो नित्यं जप्यं तथैव च । सर्वातिथ्यं त्रिवर्गस्य यथाशक्ति दिवानिशम् ॥

svadāraniratirdharmo nityaṃ japyaṃ tathaiva ca | sarvātithyaṃ trivargasya yathāśakti divāniśam

Devotion to one's own wife, constant recitation of prayers, and hospitality to all, in keeping with the three aims and as far as one's strength allows, by day and by night.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0751-0752 (13,134.057d@015_0751-0752). A differently worded parallel stands in the critical edition proper at 13.129.15ab; ce_ref left null.

Verse 6 (13.211.6)

शूद्रो धर्मपरो नित्यं शुश्रूषानिरतो भवेत् ॥

śūdro dharmaparo nityaṃ śuśrūṣānirato bhavet

A Shudra, devoted to dharma, should always be intent on service.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), line 0753 (13,134.057d@015_0753). A differently worded parallel stands in the critical edition proper at 13.129.15cd; ce_ref left null.

Verse 7 (13.211.7)

त्रैविद्यो ब्राह्मणो वृद्धो न चाध्ययनजीवकः । त्रिवर्गस्य व्यतिक्रान्तं तस्य धर्मः सनातनः ॥

traividyo brāhmaṇo vṛddho na cādhyayanajīvakaḥ | trivargasya vyatikrāntaṃ tasya dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ

A Brahmin learned in the three Vedas, advanced in years, who does not live by teaching, and who has passed beyond the three aims: his dharma is eternal.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0754-0755 (13,134.057d@015_0754-0755). A differently worded parallel stands in the critical edition proper at 13.129.6; ce_ref left null.

Verse 8 (13.211.8)

षट् कर्माणि च प्रोक्तानि सृष्टानि ब्रह्मणा पुरा । धर्मिष्ठानि वरिष्ठानि तानितानि शृणूत्तमे ॥

ṣaṭ karmāṇi ca proktāni sṛṣṭāni brahmaṇā purā | dharmiṣṭhāni variṣṭhāni tānitāni śṛṇūttame

Six duties were declared and were created long ago by Brahma, most righteous and most excellent. Hear them, O excellent lady.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0756-0757 (13,134.057d@015_0756-0757). A differently worded parallel stands in the critical edition proper at 13.129.7; ce_ref left null.

Verse 9 (13.211.9)

यजनं याजनं चैव दानं पात्रे प्रतिग्रहः । अध्यापनमध्ययनं षट्कर्मा धर्मभागृजुः ॥

yajanaṃ yājanaṃ caiva dānaṃ pātre pratigrahaḥ | adhyāpanamadhyayanaṃ ṣaṭkarmā dharmabhāgṛjuḥ

Sacrificing, officiating at sacrifices, giving, accepting gifts from a worthy giver, teaching and studying: the upright man of these six duties has his share in dharma.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0758-0759 (13,134.057d@015_0758-0759). A differently worded parallel stands in the critical edition proper at 13.129.8; ce_ref left null.

Verse 10 (13.211.10)

नित्यः स्वाध्यायतो धर्मः नित्ययज्ञः सनातनः । दानं प्रशंसते नित्यं ब्राह्मणेषु त्रिकर्मसु ॥

nityaḥ svādhyāyato dharmaḥ nityayajñaḥ sanātanaḥ | dānaṃ praśaṃsate nityaṃ brāhmaṇeṣu trikarmasu

Dharma lies in constant study of the Veda, and constant sacrifice is eternal. Giving is always praised among Brahmins who follow the three duties.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0760-0761 (13,134.057d@015_0760-0761). A differently worded parallel stands in the critical edition proper at 13.129.9; ce_ref left null.

Verse 11 (13.211.11)

अयमेव परो धर्मः संवृतः सत्सु विद्यते । गर्भस्थाने विशुद्धानां धर्मस्य नियमो महान् ॥

ayameva paro dharmaḥ saṃvṛtaḥ satsu vidyate | garbhasthāne viśuddhānāṃ dharmasya niyamo mahān

This alone is the highest dharma, guarded and found among the good. For those who have been purified from the very time of conception, the rule of dharma is great.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0762-0763 (13,134.057d@015_0762-0763). A differently worded parallel stands in the critical edition proper at 13.129.10; ce_ref left null.

Verse 12 (13.211.12)

पञ्चयज्ञविशुद्धात्मा ऋतुनित्योऽनसूयकः । दान्तो ब्राह्मणसत्कर्ता सुसंमृष्टनिवेशनः ॥

pañcayajñaviśuddhātmā ṛtunityo'nasūyakaḥ | dānto brāhmaṇasatkartā susaṃmṛṣṭaniveśanaḥ

One whose self is purified by the five sacrifices, who is constant in the seasonal observances, free from envy, self-controlled, honouring Brahmins, and whose house is well swept,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0764-0765 (13,134.057d@015_0764-0765). A differently worded parallel stands in the critical edition proper at 13.129.11; ce_ref left null.

Verse 13 (13.211.13)

चक्षुःश्रोत्रमनोजिह्वास्निग्धवर्णप्रदः सदा । अतिथ्यभ्यागतरतः शेषान्नकृतभोजनः ॥

cakṣuḥśrotramanojihvāsnigdhavarṇapradaḥ sadā | atithyabhyāgatarataḥ śeṣānnakṛtabhojanaḥ

who always gives gentleness to the eye, the ear, the mind and the tongue, who delights in guests and visitors, and who eats only what remains after they have eaten,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0766-0767 (13,134.057d@015_0766-0767). A differently worded parallel stands in the critical edition proper at 13.129.12; ce_ref left null.

Verse 14 (13.211.14)

पाद्यमर्घ्यं यथान्यायमासनं शयनं तथा । दीपं प्रतिश्रयं चैव यो ददाति स धार्मिकः ॥

pādyamarghyaṃ yathānyāyamāsanaṃ śayanaṃ tathā | dīpaṃ pratiśrayaṃ caiva yo dadāti sa dhārmikaḥ

He who gives water for the feet, the honour-offering, a seat and a bed in due form, a lamp and shelter, is righteous.

Note on the text: Critical edition 13.129.13; the same text is also in Appendix I No. 15 (13,134.057d@015_0768-0769).

Verse 15 (13.211.15)

प्रातरुत्थाय वै पश्चाद्भोजने तु निमन्त्रयेत् । सत्कृत्याऽनुव्रजेद्यश्च तस्य धर्मः सनातनः ॥

prātarutthāya vai paścādbhojane tu nimantrayet | satkṛtyā'nuvrajedyaśca tasya dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ

He who, rising in the morning, afterwards invites the guest to the meal, honours him and accompanies him on his way, has an eternal dharma.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0770-0771 (13,134.057d@015_0770-0771). A differently worded parallel stands in the critical edition proper at 13.129.14; ce_ref left null.

Verse 16 (13.211.16)

प्रवृत्तिलक्षणो धर्मो गृहस्थेषु विधीयते । तदहं कीर्तयिष्यामि त्रिवर्गेषु च यद्यथा ॥

pravṛttilakṣaṇo dharmo gṛhastheṣu vidhīyate | tadahaṃ kīrtayiṣyāmi trivargeṣu ca yadyathā

The dharma marked by action is ordained for householders. I shall explain it, as it concerns the three aims.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0772-0773 (13,134.057d@015_0772-0773). A differently worded parallel stands in the critical edition proper at 13.129.16; ce_ref left null.

Verse 17 (13.211.17)

एकेनांशेन धर्मार्थः कर्तव्यो हितमिच्छता । एकेनांशेन कामार्थमेकमंशं विवर्धयेत् ॥

ekenāṃśena dharmārthaḥ kartavyo hitamicchatā | ekenāṃśena kāmārthamekamaṃśaṃ vivardhayet

One who desires his own good should use one part for dharma and wealth, one part for pleasure, and let one part grow.

Note on the text: Critical edition 13.129.19; the same text is also in Appendix I No. 15 (13,134.057d@015_0774-0775).

Verse 18 (13.211.18)

निवृत्तिलक्षणः पुण्यो धर्मो मोक्षो विधीयते । तस्य वृत्तिं प्रवक्ष्यामि तां शृणुष्व समाहिता ॥

nivṛttilakṣaṇaḥ puṇyo dharmo mokṣo vidhīyate | tasya vṛttiṃ pravakṣyāmi tāṃ śṛṇuṣva samāhitā

The meritorious dharma marked by withdrawal is prescribed for the sake of liberation. I shall explain how it is practised; listen with a collected mind.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0776-0777 (13,134.057d@015_0776-0777). A differently worded parallel stands in the critical edition proper at 13.129.20; ce_ref left null.

Verse 19 (13.211.19)

सर्वभूतदया धर्मो निवृत्तेः परमः सदा । बुभुक्षितं पिपासार्तमतिथिं श्रान्तमागतम् । अर्चयन्ति वरारोहे तेषामपि फलं महत् ॥

sarvabhūtadayā dharmo nivṛtteḥ paramaḥ sadā | bubhukṣitaṃ pipāsārtamatithiṃ śrāntamāgatam | arcayanti varārohe teṣāmapi phalaṃ mahat

Compassion for all beings is dharma, always the highest form of withdrawal. Those who honour a guest who is hungry, thirsty, weary and newly arrived, O lovely lady, gain great reward as well.

Note on the text: Corrected निवृत्तेः परम सदा → निवृत्तेः परमः सदा (misprint in Wikisource; dropped visarga; Appendix I 15_0778 has nivṛttiparamaḥ). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0778-0780 (13,134.057d@015_0778-0780). A differently worded parallel stands in the critical edition proper at 13.129.21; ce_ref left null.

Verse 20 (13.211.20)

पात्रमित्येव दातव्यं सर्वस्मै धर्मकाङ्क्षिभिः । आगमिष्यति यत्पात्रं तत्पात्रं तारयिष्यति ॥

pātramityeva dātavyaṃ sarvasmai dharmakāṅkṣibhiḥ | āgamiṣyati yatpātraṃ tatpātraṃ tārayiṣyati

Those who desire dharma should give to everyone, saying, "He is a worthy recipient." Whoever comes as a recipient, that recipient will carry the giver across.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0781-0782 (13,134.057d@015_0781-0782).

Verse 21 (13.211.21)

काले सम्प्राप्तमतिथिं भोक्तुकाममुपस्थितम् । यस्तं सम्भावयेत्तत्र व्यासोऽयं समुपस्थितः ॥

kāle samprāptamatithiṃ bhoktukāmamupasthitam | yastaṃ sambhāvayettatra vyāso'yaṃ samupasthitaḥ

Whoever honours a guest who arrives at the proper time and stands there wishing to eat should think, "Vyasa himself has come."

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0783-0784 (13,134.057d@015_0783-0784). यस्तं (Wikisource) for the Appendix's cittaṃ; kept as printed (recension variant).

Verse 22 (13.211.22)

तस्य पूजां यथाशक्त्या सौम्यचित्तः प्रयोजयेत् । चित्तमूलो भवेद्धर्मो धर्ममूलं भवेद्यशः ॥

tasya pūjāṃ yathāśaktyā saumyacittaḥ prayojayet | cittamūlo bhaveddharmo dharmamūlaṃ bhavedyaśaḥ

With a gentle mind he should offer him honour as far as his means allow. Dharma has the mind as its root, and fame has dharma as its root.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0785-0786 (13,134.057d@015_0785-0786).

Verse 23 (13.211.23)

तस्मात्सौम्येन चित्तेन दातव्यं देवि सर्वथा । सौम्यचित्तस्तु यो दद्यात्तद्धि दानमनुत्तमम् ॥

tasmātsaumyena cittena dātavyaṃ devi sarvathā | saumyacittastu yo dadyāttaddhi dānamanuttamam

Therefore, O goddess, one should always give with a gentle mind. The gift of one who gives with a gentle mind is truly the best.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0787-0788 (13,134.057d@015_0787-0788).

Verse 24 (13.211.24)

यथाम्बुबिन्दुभिः सूक्ष्मैः पतद्भिर्मेदिनीतले । केदाराश्च तटाकानि सरांसि सरितस्तथा ॥

yathāmbubindubhiḥ sūkṣmaiḥ patadbhirmedinītale | kedārāśca taṭākāni sarāṃsi saritastathā

Just as through fine drops of water falling on the surface of the earth, fields, ponds, lakes and rivers

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0789-0790 (13,134.057d@015_0789-0790).

Verse 25 (13.211.25)

तोयपूर्णानि दृश्यन्ते अप्रतर्क्योऽतिशोभने । अल्पमल्पमपि ह्येकं दीयमानं विवर्धते ॥

toyapūrṇāni dṛśyante apratarkyo'tiśobhane | alpamalpamapi hyekaṃ dīyamānaṃ vivardhate

are seen filled with water, a thing beyond all reckoning, O radiant lady, so a gift, even a little and again a little, grows as it is given.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0791-0792 (13,134.057d@015_0791-0792).

Verse 26 (13.211.26)

पीडयाऽपि च भृत्यानां दानमेव विशिष्यते । पुत्रदारधनं धान्यं न मृताननुगच्छति ॥

pīḍayā'pi ca bhṛtyānāṃ dānameva viśiṣyate | putradāradhanaṃ dhānyaṃ na mṛtānanugacchati

Giving is better even when it brings hardship to one's dependents, for wife, sons, wealth and grain do not follow the dead.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0793-0794 (13,134.057d@015_0793-0794).

Verse 27 (13.211.27)

श्रेयो दानं च भोगश्च धनं प्राप्य यशस्विनि । दानेन हि महाभागा भवन्ति मनुजाधिपाः ॥

śreyo dānaṃ ca bhogaśca dhanaṃ prāpya yaśasvini | dānena hi mahābhāgā bhavanti manujādhipāḥ

Giving is better, and so is enjoyment, once wealth has been gained, O glorious lady. For through giving, men of great fortune become lords of men.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0795-0796 (13,134.057d@015_0795-0796).

Verse 28 (13.211.28)

नास्ति भूमौ दानसमं नास्ति दानसमो निधिः । नास्ति सत्यात्परो धर्मो नानृतात्पातकं परम् ॥

nāsti bhūmau dānasamaṃ nāsti dānasamo nidhiḥ | nāsti satyātparo dharmo nānṛtātpātakaṃ param

There is nothing on earth equal to giving, and no treasure equal to a gift. There is no dharma higher than truth, and no sin greater than falsehood.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0797-0798 (13,134.057d@015_0797-0798).

Verse 29 (13.211.29)

आश्रमे यस्तु तप्येत तपो मूलफलाशनः । आदित्याभिमुखो भूत्वा जटावल्कलसंवृतः । मण्डूकशायी हेमन्ते ग्रीष्मे पञ्चतपा भवेत् ॥

āśrame yastu tapyeta tapo mūlaphalāśanaḥ | ādityābhimukho bhūtvā jaṭāvalkalasaṃvṛtaḥ | maṇḍūkaśāyī hemante grīṣme pañcatapā bhavet

Let one who practises austerity in a hermitage, living on roots and fruits, facing the sun, clad in matted hair and bark, lying like a frog in the cold season and enduring the five fires in summer,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0799-0801 (13,134.057d@015_0799-0801).

Verse 30 (13.211.30)

सम्यक्तपश्चरन्तीह श्रद्दधाना वनाश्रमे । गृहाश्रमस्य ते देवि कलां नार्हन्ति षोडशीम् ॥

samyaktapaścarantīha śraddadhānā vanāśrame | gṛhāśramasya te devi kalāṃ nārhanti ṣoḍaśīm

even those who rightly practise austerity here in the forest hermitage, full of faith, do not deserve a sixteenth part of the householder's stage, O goddess.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0802-0803 (13,134.057d@015_0802-0803).

Verse 31 (13.211.31)

गृहाश्रमस्य या चर्या व्रतानि नियमाश्च ये । तथा च देवताः पूज्याः सततं गृहमेधिना ॥

gṛhāśramasya yā caryā vratāni niyamāśca ye | tathā ca devatāḥ pūjyāḥ satataṃ gṛhamedhinā

The conduct of the householder's stage, the vows and the restraints that belong to it, and how the gods are to be worshipped always by a householder:

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0804-0805 (13,134.057d@015_0804-0805). A differently worded parallel stands in the critical edition proper at 13.129.31; ce_ref left null. The page puts the heading "उमोवाच" at 13-211-31x, so Uma speaks verses 31-32 (the CE Appendix prints its Uma marker one line earlier, at 15_0803).

Verse 32 (13.211.32)

यद्यच्च परिहर्तव्यं गृहिणातिथिपर्वसु । तत्सर्वं श्रोतुमिच्छामि कथ्यमानं त्वया विभो ॥

yadyacca parihartavyaṃ gṛhiṇātithiparvasu | tatsarvaṃ śrotumicchāmi kathyamānaṃ tvayā vibho

and whatever a householder must avoid on the days of guests and on the lunar days and festivals, all this I wish to hear from you, O Lord.

Note on the text: Corrected गृहीणातिथिपर्वसु → गृहिणातिथिपर्वसु (misprint in Wikisource; long ई in the instrumental of गृहिन्; Appendix I 15_0806 has gṛhiṇā tithiparvasu). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0806-0807 (13,134.057d@015_0806-0807).

Verse 33 (13.211.33)

गृहाश्रमस्य यन्मूलं फलं धर्मोऽयमुत्तमम् । पादैश्चतुर्भिः सततं धर्मो यत्र प्रतिष्ठितः ॥

gṛhāśramasya yanmūlaṃ phalaṃ dharmo'yamuttamam | pādaiścaturbhiḥ satataṃ dharmo yatra pratiṣṭhitaḥ

The root of the householder's stage and its fruit is this supreme dharma, in which dharma stands established always on four feet.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0808-0809 (13,134.057d@015_0808-0809). Heading "महेश्वर उवाच" at 13-211-33x.

Verse 34 (13.211.34)

सारभूतं वरारोहे दध्नो घृतमिवोद्धृतम् । तदहं ते प्रवक्ष्यामि श्रूयतां धर्मचारिणि ॥

sārabhūtaṃ varārohe dadhno ghṛtamivoddhṛtam | tadahaṃ te pravakṣyāmi śrūyatāṃ dharmacāriṇi

It is its essence, O lovely lady, like butter drawn out of curds. I shall tell it to you; listen, O you who follow dharma.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0810-0811 (13,134.057d@015_0810-0811).

Verse 35 (13.211.35)

दंपत्यलङ्करिष्णुश्च गृहदानरतिर्नरः । कलत्रसौख्यं विन्देत नास्ति तत्र विचारणा ॥

daṃpatyalaṅkariṣṇuśca gṛhadānaratirnaraḥ | kalatrasaukhyaṃ vindeta nāsti tatra vicāraṇā

A man who loves to adorn married couples and delights in giving gifts at home gains happiness in his wife; there is no doubt of it.

Note on the text: Removed a stray backtick (wiki mark) before the verse. Not in the critical edition (found in the vulgate recension): no matching lines in the CE text or in Appendix I; the Appendix passage runs from 15_0811 straight to 15_0812.

Verse 36 (13.211.36)

स्त्रियो वा पुरुषो वाऽपि दम्पतीन्पूजयन्ति ते । मनोभिलषितान्कामान्प्राप्नुवन्ति न संशयः ॥

striyo vā puruṣo vā'pi dampatīnpūjayanti te | manobhilaṣitānkāmānprāpnuvanti na saṃśayaḥ

Whether woman or man, those who honour married couples obtain the desires their minds long for; there is no doubt.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition (found in the vulgate recension): no matching lines in the CE text or in Appendix I.

Verse 37 (13.211.37)

शुश्रूषन्ते ये पितरं मातरं च गृहाश्रमे । भर्तारं चैव या नारी अग्निहोत्रं च ये द्विजाः ॥

śuśrūṣante ye pitaraṃ mātaraṃ ca gṛhāśrame | bhartāraṃ caiva yā nārī agnihotraṃ ca ye dvijāḥ

Those who serve their father and mother in the householder's life, the wife who serves her husband, and the twice-born who serve the sacred fire,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0812-0813 (13,134.057d@015_0812-0813).

Verse 38 (13.211.38)

तेषुतेषु च प्रीणन्ति देवा इन्द्रपुरोगमाः । पितरः पितृलोकस्थाः स्वधर्मेण स रज्यते ॥

teṣuteṣu ca prīṇanti devā indrapurogamāḥ | pitaraḥ pitṛlokasthāḥ svadharmeṇa sa rajyate

in each of them the gods led by Indra take delight, and so do the ancestors who dwell in the world of the fathers; such a one rejoices in his own dharma.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0814-0815 (13,134.057d@015_0814-0815).

Verse 39 (13.211.39)

मातापितृवियुक्तानां का चर्या गृहमेधिनाम् । विधवानां च नारीणां भवानेव ब्रवीतु मे ॥

mātāpitṛviyuktānāṃ kā caryā gṛhamedhinām | vidhavānāṃ ca nārīṇāṃ bhavāneva bravītu me

What is the conduct for householders who have lost their mother and father, and for widows? You alone must tell me this.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0816-0817 (13,134.057d@015_0816-0817). Heading "उमोवाच" at 13-211-39x; Uma speaks this verse only.

Verse 40 (13.211.40)

देवतातिथिशुश्रूषा गुरुवृद्धाभिवादनम् । अहिंसा सर्वभूतानामलोभः सत्यसन्धता ॥

devatātithiśuśrūṣā guruvṛddhābhivādanam | ahiṃsā sarvabhūtānāmalobhaḥ satyasandhatā

Service to the gods and to guests, reverent greeting of teachers and elders, non-injury to all beings, freedom from greed, faithfulness to truth,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0818-0819 (13,134.057d@015_0818-0819). Heading "महेश्वर उवाच" at 13-211-40x; Maheshvara speaks to the end of the adhyaya.

Verse 41 (13.211.41)

ब्रह्मचर्यं शरण्यत्वं शौचं पूर्वाभिभाषणम् । कृतज्ञत्वमपैशुन्यं सततं धर्मशीलता ॥

brahmacaryaṃ śaraṇyatvaṃ śaucaṃ pūrvābhibhāṣaṇam | kṛtajñatvamapaiśunyaṃ satataṃ dharmaśīlatā

chastity, giving refuge, purity, speaking first in greeting, gratitude, freedom from slander, and a constant disposition to dharma,

Note on the text: Corrected शरण्यत्वाशौचं → शरण्यत्वं शौचं (misprint in Wikisource; run-together words; the list needs "refuge-giving, purity", as in Appendix I 15_0820 śaraṇyatvaṃ śaucaṃ). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0820-0821 (13,134.057d@015_0820-0821).

Verse 42 (13.211.42)

दिने द्विरभिषेकं च पितृदैवतपूजनम् । गवाह्निकप्रदानं च संविभागोऽतिथिष्वपि ॥

dine dvirabhiṣekaṃ ca pitṛdaivatapūjanam | gavāhnikapradānaṃ ca saṃvibhāgo'tithiṣvapi

bathing twice a day, worship of the ancestors and the gods, a daily gift of food to the cow, and a share for guests as well,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0822-0823 (13,134.057d@015_0822-0823).

Verse 43 (13.211.43)

दीपप्रतिश्रयं चैव दद्यात्पाद्यासनं तथा । पञ्चमेऽहनि षष्ठे वा द्वादशेऽप्यष्टमेऽथवा । चतुर्दशे पञ्चदशे ब्रह्मचारी सदा भवेत् ॥

dīpapratiśrayaṃ caiva dadyātpādyāsanaṃ tathā | pañcame'hani ṣaṣṭhe vā dvādaśe'pyaṣṭame'thavā | caturdaśe pañcadaśe brahmacārī sadā bhavet

giving a lamp and shelter, water for the feet, and a seat. On the fifth or sixth day, or the twelfth or the eighth, and on the fourteenth and the fifteenth, he should always be continent.

Note on the text: Corrected तदुर्दशे → चतुर्दशे (misprint in Wikisource; Appendix I 15_0826 has caturdaśe; the days listed are the 5th, 6th, 12th, 8th, 14th and 15th). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0824-0826 (13,134.057d@015_0824-0826).

Verse 44 (13.211.44)

श्मश्रुकर्म शिरोभ्यङ्गमञ्जनं दन्तधावनम् । नैतेष्वहस्तु कुर्वीत तेषु लक्ष्मीः प्रतिष्ठिता ॥

śmaśrukarma śirobhyaṅgamañjanaṃ dantadhāvanam | naiteṣvahastu kurvīta teṣu lakṣmīḥ pratiṣṭhitā

Trimming the beard, anointing the head, applying collyrium and cleaning the teeth: he should not do these on those days, for on them good fortune is established.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0827-0828 (13,134.057d@015_0827-0828). नैतेष्वहस्तु is kept as printed (the Appendix has naiteṣv ahaḥsu), and तेषु लक्ष्मीः प्रतिष्ठिता likewise (Appendix: teṣv alakṣmīḥ pratiṣṭhitā).

Verse 45 (13.211.45)

व्रतोपवासनियमस्तपो दानं च शक्तितः । भरणं भृत्यवर्गस्य दीनानामनुकम्पनम् ॥

vratopavāsaniyamastapo dānaṃ ca śaktitaḥ | bharaṇaṃ bhṛtyavargasya dīnānāmanukampanam

Vows, fasts and restraints, austerity and giving according to one's ability, supporting one's dependents, and compassion for the wretched,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0829-0830 (13,134.057d@015_0829-0830).

Verse 46 (13.211.46)

परदारान्निवृत्तिश्च स्वदारेषु रतिः सदा । शरीरमेकं दंपत्योर्विधात्रा पूर्वनिर्मितम् । तस्मात्स्वदारनिरतो ब्रह्मचारी विधीयते ॥

paradārānnivṛttiśca svadāreṣu ratiḥ sadā | śarīramekaṃ daṃpatyorvidhātrā pūrvanirmitam | tasmātsvadāranirato brahmacārī vidhīyate

turning away from other men's wives and constant delight in one's own wife. The Creator made husband and wife one body from the beginning; therefore one devoted to his own wife is counted a brahmachari.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0831-0833 (13,134.057d@015_0831-0833).

Verse 47 (13.211.47)

शीलवृत्तविनीतस्य निगृहीतेन्द्रियस्य च । आर्जवे वर्तमानस्य सर्वभूतहितैषिणः ॥

śīlavṛttavinītasya nigṛhītendriyasya ca | ārjave vartamānasya sarvabhūtahitaiṣiṇaḥ

For one disciplined in conduct and character, with senses restrained, abiding in uprightness and wishing the good of all beings,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0834-0835 (13,134.057d@015_0834-0835).

Verse 48 (13.211.48)

प्रियातिथेश्च क्षान्तस्य धर्मार्जितधनस्य च । गृहाश्रमपदस्थस्य किमन्यैः कृत्यमाश्रमैः ॥

priyātitheśca kṣāntasya dharmārjitadhanasya ca | gṛhāśramapadasthasya kimanyaiḥ kṛtyamāśramaiḥ

fond of his guests, patient, whose wealth is earned by dharma, and who stands in the householder's stage, what need is there of other stages?

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0836-0837 (13,134.057d@015_0836-0837).

Verse 49 (13.211.49)

यथा मातरमाश्रित्य सर्वे जीवन्ति जन्तवः । तथा गृहाश्रमं प्राप्य सर्वे जीवन्ति चाश्रमाः ॥

yathā mātaramāśritya sarve jīvanti jantavaḥ | tathā gṛhāśramaṃ prāpya sarve jīvanti cāśramāḥ

As all creatures live by relying on their mother, so all the other stages live by relying on the householder's stage.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0838-0839 (13,134.057d@015_0838-0839).

Verse 50 (13.211.50)

राजानः सर्वपाषण्डाः सर्वे रङ्गोपजीविनः । व्यालग्रहाश्च दम्भाश्च चोरा राजभटास्तथा ॥

rājānaḥ sarvapāṣaṇḍāḥ sarve raṅgopajīvinaḥ | vyālagrahāśca dambhāśca corā rājabhaṭāstathā

Kings, all the heretics, all who live by the stage, snake-handlers, hypocrites, thieves, and the king's soldiers,

Note on the text: Corrected डम्याश्च → दम्भाश्च (misprint in Wikisource; Appendix I 15_0841 has dambhāś; डम्य is not a word here). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0840-0841 (13,134.057d@015_0840-0841).

Verse 51 (13.211.51)

सविद्याः सर्वजीवज्ञाः सर्वे वै विचिकित्सकाः । दूराध्वानं प्रपन्नाश्च क्षीणपथ्योदना नराः । एते चान्ये च बहवस्तर्कयन्ति गृहाश्रमम् ॥

savidyāḥ sarvajīvajñāḥ sarve vai vicikitsakāḥ | dūrādhvānaṃ prapannāśca kṣīṇapathyodanā narāḥ | ete cānye ca bahavastarkayanti gṛhāśramam

the learned, all who know living creatures, all the physicians, and travellers on a long road whose food for the way is spent: these and many others look to the householder's stage.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0842-0844 (13,134.057d@015_0842-0844). सर्वजीवज्ञाः and विचिकित्सकाः kept as printed (Appendix: sarvaśilpajñāḥ, cikitsakāḥ).

Verse 52 (13.211.52)

मार्जारा मूषिकाः श्वानः सूकराश्च शुकास्तथा । कपोतका काकचटकाः सरीसृपनिषेवणाः । अरण्यवासिनश्चान्ये सङ्घा ये मृगपक्षिणाम् ॥

mārjārā mūṣikāḥ śvānaḥ sūkarāśca śukāstathā | kapotakā kākacaṭakāḥ sarīsṛpaniṣevaṇāḥ | araṇyavāsinaścānye saṅghā ye mṛgapakṣiṇām

Cats, mice, dogs, pigs, parrots, pigeons, crows and sparrows, creatures that live among creeping things, and the other flocks of beasts and birds that dwell in the forest.

Note on the text: Corrected कावटकाः → काकचटकाः (misprint in Wikisource; Appendix I 15_0846 has kapotakākacaṭakāḥ, "pigeons, crows, sparrows"; कावटक is not a word). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0845-0847 (13,134.057d@015_0845-0847).

Verse 53 (13.211.53)

एवं बहुविधा देवि लोकेऽस्मिन्सचराचराः । गृहे क्षेत्रे बिले चैव शतशोऽथ सहस्रशः ॥

evaṃ bahuvidhā devi loke'sminsacarācarāḥ | gṛhe kṣetre bile caiva śataśo'tha sahasraśaḥ

Thus, O goddess, there are many kinds of beings in this world, moving and unmoving, in houses, in fields and in holes, by the hundred and by the thousand.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0848-0849 (13,134.057d@015_0848-0849).

Verse 54 (13.211.54)

गृहस्थेन कृतं कर्म सर्वैस्तैरिह भुज्यते । उपयुक्तं च यत्तेषां मतिमान्नानुशोचति ॥

gṛhasthena kṛtaṃ karma sarvaistairiha bhujyate | upayuktaṃ ca yatteṣāṃ matimānnānuśocati

All of them here enjoy what the householder has done, and the wise man does not grieve over what they have consumed.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0850-0851 (13,134.057d@015_0850-0851).

Verse 55 (13.211.55)

धर्म इत्येव सङ्कल्प्य यस्तु तस्य फलं शृणु । सर्वयज्ञप्रणीतस्य हयमेधेन यत्फलम् । वर्षे स द्वादशे देवि फलेनैतेन युज्यते ॥

dharma ityeva saṅkalpya yastu tasya phalaṃ śṛṇu | sarvayajñapraṇītasya hayamedhena yatphalam | varṣe sa dvādaśe devi phalenaitena yujyate

Having resolved, "This is dharma," hear the fruit for him: the fruit that a horse sacrifice yields to one who has accomplished all sacrifices, he is endowed with that same fruit in the twelfth year, O goddess.

Note on the text: Corrected सह्कल्प्य → सङ्कल्प्य (misprint in Wikisource; broken conjunct; Appendix I 15_0852 has saṃkalpya). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0852-0854 (13,134.057d@015_0852-0854).

Verse 56 (13.211.56)

आशापाशविमोक्षं च विधिधर्ममनुत्तमम् । वृक्षमूलचरो नित्यं शून्यागारनिवेशनम् ॥

āśāpāśavimokṣaṃ ca vidhidharmamanuttamam | vṛkṣamūlacaro nityaṃ śūnyāgāraniveśanam

Release from the snares of hope, and the unsurpassed dharma of rule: moving always at the roots of trees, taking shelter in empty dwellings,

Note on the text: Corrected शून्यागारिनिवेशनमम् → शून्यागारनिवेशनम् (misprint in Wikisource; stray ि and doubled म; Appendix I 15_0856 has śūnyāgāraniveśanam). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0855-0856 (13,134.057d@015_0855-0856).

Verse 57 (13.211.57)

नदीपुलिनशायी च नदीतीरमनुव्रजन् । विमुक्तः सर्वसङ्गेभ्यः स्नेहबन्धेन वै द्विजः ॥

nadīpulinaśāyī ca nadītīramanuvrajan | vimuktaḥ sarvasaṅgebhyaḥ snehabandhena vai dvijaḥ

sleeping on river banks and following the water's edge, a twice-born freed from all attachments and from the bonds of affection,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0857-0858 (13,134.057d@015_0857-0858). A differently worded parallel stands in the critical edition proper at 13.129.24; ce_ref left null.

Verse 58 (13.211.58)

आत्मन्येवात्मना भावं समायोज्येह तेन वै । आत्मभूतो यताहारो मोक्षदृष्टेन कर्मणा ॥

ātmanyevātmanā bhāvaṃ samāyojyeha tena vai | ātmabhūto yatāhāro mokṣadṛṣṭena karmaṇā

fixing his own being on the Self by the Self here, becoming one with the Self, restrained in food, with deeds aimed at liberation,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0859-0860 (13,134.057d@015_0859-0860). A differently worded parallel stands in the critical edition proper at 13.129.25; ce_ref left null.

Verse 59 (13.211.59)

पवित्रनित्यो युक्तश्च तस्य धर्मः सनातनः । नैकत्र रमते सक्तो न चैकग्रामगोचरः । युक्तोऽप्यटति यो युक्तो न चैकपुलिनाश्रयः ॥

pavitranityo yuktaśca tasya dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ | naikatra ramate sakto na caikagrāmagocaraḥ | yukto'pyaṭati yo yukto na caikapulināśrayaḥ

ever pure and disciplined: his dharma is eternal. He does not take pleasure in clinging to one place, nor does he range within a single village. He who is steadfast roams about even though steadfast, and does not rest on a single river bank.

Note on the text: Corrected धर्मःक → धर्मः (misprint in Wikisource; stray क after the visarga; Appendix I 15_0861 ends tasya dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 0861-0863 (13,134.057d@015_0861-0863). A differently worded parallel stands in the critical edition proper at 13.129.26; ce_ref left null. यो युक्तो kept as printed (the Appendix has yo 'yukto, with avagraha); both read as good Sanskrit.

Verse 60 (13.211.60)

एष मोक्षविदां धर्मो वेदोक्तः सत्पथे स्थितः ॥

eṣa mokṣavidāṃ dharmo vedoktaḥ satpathe sthitaḥ

This is the dharma of those who know liberation, taught in the Veda, standing on the path of the good.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), line 0864 (13,134.057d@015_0864). A differently worded parallel stands in the critical edition proper at 13.129.28; ce_ref left null. The Appendix passage prints an Uma heading just before this line (15_0864) while Wikisource keeps it with Maheshvara and puts Uma's heading at 212 verse 1; the page's heading is followed.