Learning, Giving and Their Fruits

Verse 1 (13.219.1)

भगवन्देवदेवेश मानुषेष्वेव केचन । ज्ञानविज्ञानसम्पन्ना बुद्धिमन्तो विचक्षणाः ॥

bhagavandevadeveśa mānuṣeṣveva kecana | jñānavijñānasampannā buddhimanto vicakṣaṇāḥ

O Lord, chief of the gods! Among men some who are accomplished in knowledge and realisation, wise and discerning,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 1702-1703.

Verse 2 (13.219.2)

दुर्गतास्तु प्रदृश्यन्ते यतमाना यथाविधि । केन कर्मविपाकेन तन्मे शंसितुमर्हसि ॥

durgatāstu pradṛśyante yatamānā yathāvidhi | kena karmavipākena tanme śaṃsitumarhasi

are seen in misery, though they strive as they should. By what ripening of action is this so? You ought to tell me.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 1704-1705.

Verse 3 (13.219.3)

तदहं ते प्रवक्ष्यामि शृणु कल्याणि कारणम् ॥

tadahaṃ te pravakṣyāmi śṛṇu kalyāṇi kāraṇam

I shall tell you that; listen, O gracious lady, to the cause.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 1706.

Verse 4 (13.219.4)

ये पुरा मनुजा देवि श्रुतवन्तोपि केवलम् । निराश्रया निरन्नाद्या भृशमात्मपरायणाः ॥

ye purā manujā devi śrutavantopi kevalam | nirāśrayā nirannādyā bhṛśamātmaparāyaṇāḥ

Those men, O goddess, who in former times were learned but gave no shelter and no food to others, and were wholly absorbed in themselves,

Note on the text: Restored from the critical edition (Appendix I No. 15, after 13.134.57d, line 1708 nirāśrayā nirannādyā): Wikisource prints निरा**** (four asterisks for lost text); restored निराश्रया. Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 1707-1708.

Verse 5 (13.219.5)

ते पुनर्जन्मनि शुभे ज्ञानबुद्धियुता अपि । निष्किञ्चना भवन्त्येव अनुप्तं हि न रोहति ॥

te punarjanmani śubhe jñānabuddhiyutā api | niṣkiñcanā bhavantyeva anuptaṃ hi na rohati

in a later good birth, though endowed with knowledge and intelligence, become utterly destitute; for what is not sown does not sprout.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 1709-1710.

Verse 6 (13.219.6)

मूर्खा लोके प्रदृश्यन्ते वृथा मूढा विचेतसः । ज्ञानविज्ञानरहिताः समृद्धाश्च समन्ततः । केन कर्मविपाकेन तन्मे शंसितुमर्हसि ॥

mūrkhā loke pradṛśyante vṛthā mūḍhā vicetasaḥ | jñānavijñānarahitāḥ samṛddhāśca samantataḥ | kena karmavipākena tanme śaṃsitumarhasi

Fools are seen in the world, vainly stupid and witless, devoid of knowledge and discernment, yet prosperous on every side. By what ripening of action is this so? You ought to tell me.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 1711-1713.

Verse 7 (13.219.7)

ये पुरा मनुजा देवि बालिशा अपि सर्वतः । समाचरन्ति दानानि दीनानुग्रहकारणात् ॥

ye purā manujā devi bāliśā api sarvataḥ | samācaranti dānāni dīnānugrahakāraṇāt

Those men, O goddess, who in former times, though simple in every way, practised giving out of compassion for the wretched,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 1714-1715.

Verse 8 (13.219.8)

अबुद्धिपूर्वं वा दानं ददत्येव यतस्ततः । ते पुनर्जन्मनि शुभे प्राप्नुवन्त्येव तत्तथा ॥

abuddhipūrvaṃ vā dānaṃ dadatyeva yatastataḥ | te punarjanmani śubhe prāpnuvantyeva tattathā

or who gave gifts without forethought, here and there, in a later good birth obtain the like in the same way.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 1716-1717.

Verse 9 (13.219.9)

पण्डितोऽपण्डितो वाऽपि भुङ्क्ते दानफलं नरः । बुद्ध्याऽनपेक्षितं दानं सर्वथा तत्फलत्युत ॥

paṇḍito'paṇḍito vā'pi bhuṅkte dānaphalaṃ naraḥ | buddhyā'napekṣitaṃ dānaṃ sarvathā tatphalatyuta

Whether learned or unlearned, a man enjoys the fruit of giving. A gift, though not weighed by the intellect, bears fruit in every case.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 1718-1719.

Verse 10 (13.219.10)

भगवन्देवदेवेश मानुषेष्वेव केचन । मेधाविनः श्रुतधरा भवन्ति विशदाक्षराः । केन कर्मविपाकेन तन्मे शंसितुमर्हसि ॥

bhagavandevadeveśa mānuṣeṣveva kecana | medhāvinaḥ śrutadharā bhavanti viśadākṣarāḥ | kena karmavipākena tanme śaṃsitumarhasi

O Lord, chief of the gods! Among men some are intelligent, retain what they hear, and are clear in speech. By what ripening of action is this so? You ought to tell me.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 1720-1722.

Verse 11 (13.219.11)

ये पुरा मनुजा देवि गुरुशुश्रूषका भृशम् । ज्ञानार्थं ते तु सङ्गृह्य तीर्थतो विधिपूर्वकम् ॥

ye purā manujā devi guruśuśrūṣakā bhṛśam | jñānārthaṃ te tu saṅgṛhya tīrthato vidhipūrvakam

Those men, O goddess, who in former times served their teachers with great devotion, who for the sake of knowledge took it up from a worthy source in due form,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 1723-1724.

Verse 12 (13.219.12)

विधिनैव परांश्चैव ग्राहयन्ति च नान्यथा । अश्लाघमाना ज्ञानेन प्रशान्ता यतवाचकाः । विद्यास्थानानि ये लोके स्थापयन्ति च यत्नतः ॥

vidhinaiva parāṃścaiva grāhayanti ca nānyathā | aślāghamānā jñānena praśāntā yatavācakāḥ | vidyāsthānāni ye loke sthāpayanti ca yatnataḥ

and who pass it on to others only by the rule and not otherwise, who do not boast of their knowledge but are calm and restrained in speech, and who with effort establish seats of learning in the world,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 1725-1727.

Verse 13 (13.219.13)

तादृशा मरणं प्राप्ताः पुनर्जन्मनि शोभने । मेधाविनः श्रुतधरा भवन्ति विशदाक्षराः ॥

tādṛśā maraṇaṃ prāptāḥ punarjanmani śobhane | medhāvinaḥ śrutadharā bhavanti viśadākṣarāḥ

such persons, having died, in a later fair birth are intelligent, retain what they hear, and are clear in speech.

Note on the text: Corrected तादृश मरणं → तादृशा मरणं (misprint in Wikisource; dropped ā; CE tādṛśā maraṇaṃ). Appendix I places the label umā before the second line (line 1729), where it repeats the question; Wikisource prints the whole verse as Maheshvara's answer, which is kept. Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 1728-1729.

Verse 14 (13.219.14)

अपरे मानुषा देव यतन्तोपि यतस्ततः । बहिष्कृताः प्रदृश्यन्ते श्रुतविज्ञानबुद्धितः । केन कर्मविपाकेन तन्मे शंसितुमर्हसि ॥

apare mānuṣā deva yatantopi yatastataḥ | bahiṣkṛtāḥ pradṛśyante śrutavijñānabuddhitaḥ | kena karmavipākena tanme śaṃsitumarhasi

Others among men, O Lord, though they strive here and there, are seen shut out from learning, understanding and intelligence. By what ripening of action is this so? You ought to tell me.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 1730-1732.

Verse 15 (13.219.15)

ये पुरा मनुजा देवि ज्ञानदर्पसमन्विताः । श्लाघमानाश्च तत्प्राप्य ज्ञानाहङ्कारमोहिताः ॥

ye purā manujā devi jñānadarpasamanvitāḥ | ślāghamānāśca tatprāpya jñānāhaṅkāramohitāḥ

Those men, O goddess, who in former times were filled with pride in their knowledge, who boasted once they had gained it, and were deluded by the conceit of learning,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 1733-1734.

Verse 16 (13.219.16)

वदन्ति ये परान्नित्यं ज्ञानाधिक्येन दर्पिताः । ज्ञानादसूयां कुर्वन्ति न सहन्ते च चापरान् ॥

vadanti ye parānnityaṃ jñānādhikyena darpitāḥ | jñānādasūyāṃ kurvanti na sahante ca cāparān

who, puffed up by their greater learning, are always berating others, who show envy out of knowledge and cannot bear others,

Note on the text: Wikisource वदन्ति (Appendix I tapanti, 'torment') is kept as a variant. Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 1735-1736.

Verse 17 (13.219.17)

तादृशा मरणं प्राप्ताः पुनर्जन्मनि शोभने । मानुष्यं सुचिरात्प्राप्य तत्र बोधविवर्जिताः । भवन्ति सततं देवि यतन्तो हीनमेधसः ॥

tādṛśā maraṇaṃ prāptāḥ punarjanmani śobhane | mānuṣyaṃ sucirātprāpya tatra bodhavivarjitāḥ | bhavanti satataṃ devi yatanto hīnamedhasaḥ

such people, once dead, in a later fair birth, after a very long time regain human birth, and there, devoid of understanding, are always dull of intellect, O goddess, however much they strive.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 1737-1739.

Verse 18 (13.219.18)

भगवन्मानुषाः केचित्सर्वकल्याणसंयुताः । पुत्रैर्दारैर्गुणयुतैर्दासीदासपरिच्छदैः ॥

bhagavanmānuṣāḥ kecitsarvakalyāṇasaṃyutāḥ | putrairdārairguṇayutairdāsīdāsaparicchadaiḥ

O Lord, some men are endowed with every blessing: with sons and wives of merit, with slaves and maidservants and retinue,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 1740-1741.

Verse 19 (13.219.19)

परमं बुद्धिसंयुक्ताः स्थानैश्वर्यपरिग्रहैः । व्याधिहीना निराबाधाश्च रूपारोग्यबलैर्युताः ॥

paramaṃ buddhisaṃyuktāḥ sthānaiśvaryaparigrahaiḥ | vyādhihīnā nirābādhāśca rūpārogyabalairyutāḥ

supremely endowed with intelligence, with position, lordship and possessions, free of disease and of affliction, and furnished with beauty, health and strength,

Note on the text: Corrected नबाधाश्च → निराबाधाश्च (misprint in Wikisource; नबाधाः is not a word in context; CE nirābādhā 'free of affliction'). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 1742-1743.

Verse 20 (13.219.20)

धनधान्येन सम्पन्नाः प्रासादैर्यानवाहनैः । सर्वोपभोगसंयुक्ता नानाचित्रैर्मनोहरैः ॥

dhanadhānyena sampannāḥ prāsādairyānavāhanaiḥ | sarvopabhogasaṃyuktā nānācitrairmanoharaiḥ

rich in wealth and grain, with palaces, carriages and conveyances, supplied with every enjoyment, with many varied and charming things,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 1744-1745.

Verse 21 (13.219.21)

ज्ञातिभिः सह मोदन्ते अविघ्नं तु दिनेदिने । केन कर्मविपाकेन तन्मे शंसितुमर्हसि ॥

jñātibhiḥ saha modante avighnaṃ tu dinedine | kena karmavipākena tanme śaṃsitumarhasi

and they rejoice with their kinsmen, undisturbed, day after day. By what ripening of action is this so? You ought to tell me.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 1746-1747.

Verse 22 (13.219.22)

तदहं ते प्रवक्ष्यामि शृणु सर्वं समाहिता ॥

tadahaṃ te pravakṣyāmi śṛṇu sarvaṃ samāhitā

I shall tell you that; listen to all of it with a collected mind.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 1748.

Verse 23 (13.219.23)

ये पुरा मनुजा देवि आढ्या वा इतरेऽपि वा । श्रुतवृत्तसमायुक्ता दानकामाः श्रुतप्रियाः ॥

ye purā manujā devi āḍhyā vā itare'pi vā | śrutavṛttasamāyuktā dānakāmāḥ śrutapriyāḥ

Those men, O goddess, who in former times, whether rich or otherwise, were endowed with learning and good conduct, were fond of giving, and loved to hear the sacred teaching,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 1749-1750.

Verse 24 (13.219.24)

परेङ्गितपरा नित्यं दातव्यमिति निश्चिताः । सत्यसन्धाः क्षमाशीला लोभमोहविवर्जिताः ॥

pareṅgitaparā nityaṃ dātavyamiti niścitāḥ | satyasandhāḥ kṣamāśīlā lobhamohavivarjitāḥ

who were always attentive to the signs given by others and resolved that one must give, who were true to their word, patient by nature, and free of greed and delusion,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 1751-1752.

Verse 25 (13.219.25)

दातारः पात्रतो दानं व्रतैर्नियमसंयुताः । स्वदुःखमिव संस्मृत्य परदुःखविवर्जिताः । सौम्यशीलाः शुभाचारा देवब्राह्मणपूजकाः ॥

dātāraḥ pātrato dānaṃ vratairniyamasaṃyutāḥ | svaduḥkhamiva saṃsmṛtya paraduḥkhavivarjitāḥ | saumyaśīlāḥ śubhācārā devabrāhmaṇapūjakāḥ

who gave gifts to worthy recipients, kept to vows and restraints, and, recalling their own sorrow, spared others sorrow; gentle in disposition, of good conduct, worshippers of the gods and of Brahmins,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 1753-1755.

Verse 26 (13.219.26)

एवंशीलसमाचाराः पुनर्जन्मनि शोभने । दिवि वा भुवि वा देवि जायन्ते कर्मभोगिनः ॥

evaṃśīlasamācārāḥ punarjanmani śobhane | divi vā bhuvi vā devi jāyante karmabhoginaḥ

men of such disposition and conduct, in a later fair birth, O goddess, are born in heaven or on earth, enjoying the results of their deeds.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 1756-1757.

Verse 27 (13.219.27)

मानुषेष्वपि ये जातास्तादृशाः सम्भवन्ति ते । यादृशास्तु तथा प्रोक्ताः सर्वे कल्याणसंयुताः ॥

mānuṣeṣvapi ye jātāstādṛśāḥ sambhavanti te | yādṛśāstu tathā proktāḥ sarve kalyāṇasaṃyutāḥ

Those who are born among men also become of the kind I have described, all endowed with every blessing.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 1758-1759.

Verse 28 (13.219.28)

रूपं द्रव्यं बलं चायुर्भोगैश्वर्यं कुलं श्रुतम् । इत्येतत्सर्वसाद्गुण्यं दानाद्भवति नान्यथा । तपोदानमयं सर्वमिति विद्धि शुभानने ॥

rūpaṃ dravyaṃ balaṃ cāyurbhogaiśvaryaṃ kulaṃ śrutam | ityetatsarvasādguṇyaṃ dānādbhavati nānyathā | tapodānamayaṃ sarvamiti viddhi śubhānane

Beauty, wealth, strength, long life, enjoyment and lordship, family and learning: all this fullness of good things comes from giving, and not otherwise. Know, O fair-faced one, that everything is made of austerity and giving.

Note on the text: Corrected भोगैश्वर्यं बलं श्रुतम् → भोगैश्वर्यं कुलं श्रुतम् (misprint in Wikisource; बलं is repeated within the same line; the second is a misprint for कुलं, CE kulaṃ śrutam). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 1760-1762.

Verse 29 (13.219.29)

अथ केचित्प्रदृश्यन्ते मानुषेष्वेव मानुषाः । दुर्गताः क्लेशभूयिष्ठा दानभोगविवर्जिताः ॥

atha kecitpradṛśyante mānuṣeṣveva mānuṣāḥ | durgatāḥ kleśabhūyiṣṭhā dānabhogavivarjitāḥ

Now some men are seen among men who are in misery, with much hardship, cut off from giving and from enjoyment,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 1763-1764.

Verse 30 (13.219.30)

भयैस्त्रिभिः समाजुष्टाः व्याधिक्षुद्भयसंयुताः । दुष्कलत्राभिभूताश्च सततं विघ्नदर्शकाः । केन कर्मविपाकेन तन्मे शंसितुमर्हसि ॥

bhayaistribhiḥ samājuṣṭāḥ vyādhikṣudbhayasaṃyutāḥ | duṣkalatrābhibhūtāśca satataṃ vighnadarśakāḥ | kena karmavipākena tanme śaṃsitumarhasi

who are beset by the three terrors, joined to disease, hunger and fear, overpowered by a bad wife, and ever seeing obstacles. By what ripening of action is this so? You ought to tell me.

Note on the text: Corrected भयैस्त्रिभिः समाजुष्टा → भयैस्त्रिभिः समाजुष्टाः (misprint in Wikisource; dropped visarga; the word agrees with the plural व्याधिक्षुद्भयसंयुताः). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 1765-1767.

Verse 31 (13.219.31)

ये पुरा मनुजा देवि आसुरं भावमाश्रिताः । क्रोधलोभसमायुक्ता निरन्नाद्याश्च निष्क्रियाः ॥

ye purā manujā devi āsuraṃ bhāvamāśritāḥ | krodhalobhasamāyuktā nirannādyāśca niṣkriyāḥ

Those men, O goddess, who in former times took to the demonic nature, were full of anger and greed, gave no food, and did nothing good,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 1768-1769.

Verse 32 (13.219.32)

नास्तिकाश्चैव धूर्ताश्च मूर्खाश्चात्मपरायणाः । परोपतापिनो देवि प्रायशः प्राणिनिर्दयाः ॥

nāstikāścaiva dhūrtāśca mūrkhāścātmaparāyaṇāḥ | paropatāpino devi prāyaśaḥ prāṇinirdayāḥ

unbelievers, rogues, fools, wholly selfish, who tormented others, O goddess, and for the most part were pitiless to living beings,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 1770-1771.

Verse 33 (13.219.33)

एवंयुक्तसमाचाराः पुनर्जन्मनि शोभने । कथंचित्प्राप्य मानुष्यं तत्र ते दुःखपीडिताः ॥

evaṃyuktasamācārāḥ punarjanmani śobhane | kathaṃcitprāpya mānuṣyaṃ tatra te duḥkhapīḍitāḥ

men of such conduct, in a later fair birth, somehow regain human birth, and there they are tormented by suffering,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 1772-1773.

Verse 34 (13.219.34)

सर्वतः सम्भवन्त्येव पूर्वमात्मप्रमादतः । यथा ते पूर्वकथितास्तथा ते सम्भवन्त्युत ॥

sarvataḥ sambhavantyeva pūrvamātmapramādataḥ | yathā te pūrvakathitāstathā te sambhavantyuta

and they are born in every way as they are because of their own earlier negligence; as they were described before, so they come to be.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 1774-1775.

Verse 35 (13.219.35)

शुभाशुभं कृतं कर्म सुखदुःखफलोदयम् । इति ते कथितं देवि भूयः श्रोतुं किमिच्छसि ॥

śubhāśubhaṃ kṛtaṃ karma sukhaduḥkhaphalodayam | iti te kathitaṃ devi bhūyaḥ śrotuṃ kimicchasi

Action done, good or bad, brings forth the fruit of happiness or sorrow. Thus it has been told to you, goddess; what more do you wish to hear?

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 1776-1777.