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Anushasana Parva · Adhyaya 223

Why Men Suffer: Deeds and Their Fruit

Uma asks Maheshvara why some men are born as outcastes, why others wait in vain at the doors of the great, lose their wealth, die by violence, or are punished by kings. He traces each fate to deeds of earlier lives: pride, hardness of heart, theft and killing. He explains that the king's punishment does not take the place of Yama's, that a sin done with intent cannot be wiped out by any atonement while a sin done through carelessness can, and that no doer of a deed escapes enjoying its fruit.

Adhyaya 222All adhyayasAdhyaya 224

उमोवाच · Uma (Parvati) said

Verse 1 (13.223.1)

भगवन्मानुषेष्वेव मानुषाः समदर्शनाः । चण्डाला इव दृश्यन्ते स्पर्शमात्रविदूषिताः ॥

bhagavanmānuṣeṣveva mānuṣāḥ samadarśanāḥ | caṇḍālā iva dṛśyante sparśamātravidūṣitāḥ

Lord, among human beings themselves there are men who look no different from the rest, yet they appear like chandalas, defiled by the mere touch.

Note on the text: Corrected विदूषिताइः → विदूषिताः (misprint in Wikisource; stray इ before the visarga; the evident word is विदूषिताः). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2042-2043.

Verse 2 (13.223.2)

नीचकर्मरता देव सर्वेषां मलहारकाः । दुर्गताः क्लेशभूयिष्ठा विरूपा दुष्टचेतसः । केन कर्मविपाकेन तन्मे शंसितुमर्हसि ॥

nīcakarmaratā deva sarveṣāṃ malahārakāḥ | durgatāḥ kleśabhūyiṣṭhā virūpā duṣṭacetasaḥ | kena karmavipākena tanme śaṃsitumarhasi

They are engaged in base work, O god, carriers away of everyone's filth, fallen on evil days, full of hardship, ugly and ill-minded. By what ripening of deeds is this so? Please tell me.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2044-2046.

महेश्वर उवाच · Maheshvara (Shiva) said

Verse 3 (13.223.3)

तदहं ते प्रवक्ष्यामि तदेकाग्रमनाः शृणु ॥

tadahaṃ te pravakṣyāmi tadekāgramanāḥ śṛṇu

I shall tell you that. Listen with a single-pointed mind.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), line 2047.

Verse 4 (13.223.4)

ये पुरा मनुजा देवि अतिमानयुता भृशम् । आत्मसम्भावनायुक्ताः स्तब्धा दर्पसमन्विताः ॥

ye purā manujā devi atimānayutā bhṛśam | ātmasambhāvanāyuktāḥ stabdhā darpasamanvitāḥ

Those men of old, goddess, who were exceedingly proud, full of self-conceit, rigid and swollen with arrogance,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2048-2049.

Verse 5 (13.223.5)

प्रणामं तु न कुर्वन्ति गुरूणामपि पामराः । ये स्वधर्मार्पणं कार्यमतिमानान्न कुर्वते ॥

praṇāmaṃ tu na kurvanti gurūṇāmapi pāmarāḥ | ye svadharmārpaṇaṃ kāryamatimānānna kurvate

base men who would not bow even to their elders, and who, out of excess of pride, would not render the dedication of their own duty that ought to be rendered,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2050-2051.

Verse 6 (13.223.6)

परान्संनामयन्त्येव आज्ञयात्मनि ये बलात् । ऋद्धियोगात्परान्नित्यमवमन्यन्ति मानवान् । पानपाः सर्वभक्षाश्च परुषाः कटुका नराः ॥

parānsaṃnāmayantyeva ājñayātmani ye balāt | ṛddhiyogātparānnityamavamanyanti mānavān | pānapāḥ sarvabhakṣāśca paruṣāḥ kaṭukā narāḥ

who forced others by their command to bow before them, who always looked down on other men because of their wealth and power, who were drinkers, eaters of everything, harsh and bitter men,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2052-2054.

Verse 7 (13.223.7)

एवंयुक्तसमाचारा दण्डिता यमशासनैः । कथंचित्प्राप्य मानुष्यं चण्डालाः सम्भवन्ति ते ॥

evaṃyuktasamācārā daṇḍitā yamaśāsanaiḥ | kathaṃcitprāpya mānuṣyaṃ caṇḍālāḥ sambhavanti te

men of such conduct, punished by Yama's officers, somehow obtain human birth and are born as chandalas.

Note on the text: Corrected समाचाराक → समाचारा (misprint in Wikisource; stray क after the long ā (the visarga is dropped before द in sandhi); CE samācārā). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2055-2056.

Verse 8 (13.223.8)

नीचकर्मरताश्चैव सर्वेषां मलहारकाः । परेषां वन्दनपरास्ते भवन्त्येव मानिनः ॥

nīcakarmaratāścaiva sarveṣāṃ malahārakāḥ | pareṣāṃ vandanaparāste bhavantyeva māninaḥ

Engaged in base work, removers of everyone's filth, those once proud men now become devoted to bowing before others.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2057-2058.

Verse 9 (13.223.9)

विरूपाः पापयोनिस्थाः स्पर्शनादिविवर्जिताः । कुवृत्तिमुपजीवन्ति भूत्वा ते रजकादयः । पुराऽतिमानदोषात्तु भुञ्जते स्वकृतं फलम् ॥

virūpāḥ pāpayonisthāḥ sparśanādivivarjitāḥ | kuvṛttimupajīvanti bhūtvā te rajakādayaḥ | purā'timānadoṣāttu bhuñjate svakṛtaṃ phalam

Ugly, placed in sinful wombs, shut out from touch and the like, they live by despised occupations, having become washermen and such. By the fault of their former pride, they eat the fruit of what they themselves did.

Note on the text: Corrected भुत्वा → भूत्वा (misprint in Wikisource; short ऊ-vowel dropped; CE bhūtvā). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2059-2061.

Verse 10 (13.223.10)

तानप्यवस्थाकृपणांश्चण्डालानपि बुद्धिमान् । न च निन्देन्नापि कुप्येद्भुञ्जते स्वकृतं फलम् । चण्डाला अपि तां जातिं शोचन्तः शुद्धिमाप्नुयुः ॥

tānapyavasthākṛpaṇāṃścaṇḍālānapi buddhimān | na ca nindennāpi kupyedbhuñjate svakṛtaṃ phalam | caṇḍālā api tāṃ jātiṃ śocantaḥ śuddhimāpnuyuḥ

A wise man should neither revile nor be angry with even those wretched, miserable chandalas; they eat the fruit of what they themselves did. Even chandalas, grieving over that birth, may attain purity.

Note on the text: Corrected तानप्यवस्ताकृपणां → तानप्यवस्थाकृपणां (misprint in Wikisource; ता for था; CE avasthākṛpaṇāṃś). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2062-2064.

उमोवाच · Uma (Parvati) said

Verse 11 (13.223.11)

भगवन्मानुषाः केचिदाशापाशशतैर्वृताः । परेषां द्वारि तिष्ठन्ति प्रतिषिद्धाः प्रवेशने ॥

bhagavanmānuṣāḥ kecidāśāpāśaśatairvṛtāḥ | pareṣāṃ dvāri tiṣṭhanti pratiṣiddhāḥ praveśane

Lord, some men, bound by hundreds of snares of hope, stand at the doors of others, forbidden to enter,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2065-2066.

Verse 12 (13.223.12)

द्रष्टुं ज्ञापयितुं चैव न लभन्ते च यत्नतः । केन कर्मविपाकेन तन्मे शंसितुमर्हसि ॥

draṣṭuṃ jñāpayituṃ caiva na labhante ca yatnataḥ | kena karmavipākena tanme śaṃsitumarhasi

and for all their effort they are not allowed to see anyone or to make their business known. By what ripening of deeds is this? Please tell me.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2067-2068.

महेश्वर उवाच · Maheshvara (Shiva) said

Verse 13 (13.223.13)

ये पुरा मानुषा देवि ऐश्वर्यस्थानसंयुताः । संवादं तु न कुर्वन्ति परैरैश्वर्यमोहिताः ॥

ye purā mānuṣā devi aiśvaryasthānasaṃyutāḥ | saṃvādaṃ tu na kurvanti parairaiśvaryamohitāḥ

Those men of old, goddess, who held positions of lordship and, deluded by their power, would hold no converse with others,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2069-2070.

Verse 14 (13.223.14)

द्वाराणि न ददत्येव लोभमोहादिभिर्वृताः । अवस्थामोहसंयुक्ताः स्वार्थमात्रपरायणाः ॥

dvārāṇi na dadatyeva lobhamohādibhirvṛtāḥ | avasthāmohasaṃyuktāḥ svārthamātraparāyaṇāḥ

who gave no one an open door, wrapped in greed, delusion and the like, bewildered by their station and bent on nothing but their own interest,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2071-2072.

Verse 15 (13.223.15)

सर्वभोगयुता वाऽपि सर्वेषां निष्फला भृशम् । अपि शक्ता न कुर्युस्ते परानुग्रहकारणात् ॥

sarvabhogayutā vā'pi sarveṣāṃ niṣphalā bhṛśam | api śaktā na kuryuste parānugrahakāraṇāt

or who, though possessed of every enjoyment, were utterly barren to everyone else, and though able, would do nothing to help others,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2073-2074.

Verse 16 (13.223.16)

निर्दयाश्चैव निर्द्वारा भोगैश्वर्यगतिं प्रति । एवंयुक्तसमाचाराः पुनर्जन्मनि शोभने ॥

nirdayāścaiva nirdvārā bhogaiśvaryagatiṃ prati | evaṃyuktasamācārāḥ punarjanmani śobhane

pitiless, doorless to others where enjoyment and lordship were concerned. Men of such conduct, O fair one, in a later birth,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2075-2076.

Verse 17 (13.223.17)

यदि चेन्मानुषं जन्म लभेरंस्ते तथाविधाः । दुर्गता दुरवस्थाश्च कर्मव्याक्षेपसंयुताः ॥

yadi cenmānuṣaṃ janma labheraṃste tathāvidhāḥ | durgatā duravasthāśca karmavyākṣepasaṃyutāḥ

if they obtain human birth of such a kind, are wretched and in bad circumstances, hemmed in by the obstruction of their deeds.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2077-2078.

Verse 18 (13.223.18)

अभिधावन्ति ते सर्वे तमर्थमभिवेदिनः । राज्ञां वा राजमात्राणां द्वारि तिष्ठन्ति वारिताः ॥

abhidhāvanti te sarve tamarthamabhivedinaḥ | rājñāṃ vā rājamātrāṇāṃ dvāri tiṣṭhanti vāritāḥ

They all run after that same object of theirs, and stand turned away at the doors of kings and royal officers.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2079-2080.

Verse 19 (13.223.19)

कर्म विज्ञापितुं द्रष्टुं न लभन्ते कथञ्चन । प्रवेष्टुमपि ते द्वारं बहिस्तिष्ठन्ति काङ्क्षया ॥

karma vijñāpituṃ draṣṭuṃ na labhante kathañcana | praveṣṭumapi te dvāraṃ bahistiṣṭhanti kāṅkṣayā

They cannot in any way make their business known or see anyone; they stay outside, longing even to enter the door.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2081-2082.

उमोवाच · Uma (Parvati) said

Verse 20 (13.223.20)

भगवन्मानुषाः केचिन्मनुष्येषु बहुष्वपि । सहसा नष्टसर्वस्वा भ्रष्टकोशपरिग्रहाः ॥

bhagavanmānuṣāḥ kecinmanuṣyeṣu bahuṣvapi | sahasā naṣṭasarvasvā bhraṣṭakośaparigrahāḥ

Lord, some men, even among many men, suddenly lose all they own, their treasuries and possessions ruined,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2083-2084.

Verse 21 (13.223.21)

दृश्यन्ते मानुषाः केचिद्राजचोरोदकादिभिः । केन कर्मविपाकेन तन्मे शंसितुमर्हसि ॥

dṛśyante mānuṣāḥ kecidrājacorodakādibhiḥ | kena karmavipākena tanme śaṃsitumarhasi

and some men are seen so ruined by kings, thieves, floods and the like. By what ripening of deeds is this? Please tell me.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2085-2086.

महेश्वर उवाच · Maheshvara (Shiva) said

Verse 22 (13.223.22)

ये पुरा मानुषा देवि आसुरं भावमाश्रिताः । परेषां वृत्तिनाशं तु कुर्वते द्वेषलोभतः ॥

ye purā mānuṣā devi āsuraṃ bhāvamāśritāḥ | pareṣāṃ vṛttināśaṃ tu kurvate dveṣalobhataḥ

Those men of old, goddess, who took on a demonic disposition and out of hatred and greed destroyed the livelihood of others,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2087-2088.

Verse 23 (13.223.23)

उत्कोचनपराश्चैव पिशुनाश्च तथाविधाः । परद्रव्यहरा घोराश्चौर्याद्वाऽन्येन कर्मणा ॥

utkocanaparāścaiva piśunāśca tathāvidhāḥ | paradravyaharā ghorāścauryādvā'nyena karmaṇā

who were given to taking bribes, slanderers of the same sort, dreadful robbers of other men's goods, by theft or by some other deed,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2089-2090.

Verse 24 (13.223.24)

निर्दया निरनुक्रोशाः परेषां वृत्तिनाशकाः । नास्तिकाऽनृतभूयिष्ठाः परद्रव्यापहारिणः ॥

nirdayā niranukrośāḥ pareṣāṃ vṛttināśakāḥ | nāstikā'nṛtabhūyiṣṭhāḥ paradravyāpahāriṇaḥ

pitiless, merciless, destroyers of others' livelihood, unbelievers, full of falsehood, plunderers of others' property,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2091-2092.

Verse 25 (13.223.25)

एवंयुक्तसमाचारा दण्डिता यमशासनैः । निरयस्थाश्चिरं कालं तत्र दुःखसमन्विताः ॥

evaṃyuktasamācārā daṇḍitā yamaśāsanaiḥ | nirayasthāściraṃ kālaṃ tatra duḥkhasamanvitāḥ

men of such conduct, punished by Yama's officers, remain long in hell, joined to suffering there.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2093-2094.

Verse 26 (13.223.26)

यदि चेन्मानुषं जन्म लभेरंस्ते तथाविधाः । तत्रस्थाः प्राप्नुवन्त्येव सहसा द्रव्यनाशनम् ॥

yadi cenmānuṣaṃ janma labheraṃste tathāvidhāḥ | tatrasthāḥ prāpnuvantyeva sahasā dravyanāśanam

If persons of that kind obtain human birth, then living in it they suddenly meet with the loss of their wealth,

Note on the text: Corrected द्रव्यवाशनम् → द्रव्यनाशनम् (misprint in Wikisource; व for न; CE dravyanāśanam). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2095-2096.

Verse 27 (13.223.27)

कष्टं तत्प्राप्नुवन्त्येव कारणाकारणादपि । नाशं विनाशं द्रव्याणामुपघातं च सर्वशः ॥

kaṣṭaṃ tatprāpnuvantyeva kāraṇākāraṇādapi | nāśaṃ vināśaṃ dravyāṇāmupaghātaṃ ca sarvaśaḥ

and they meet with hardship, with cause or without cause: the loss and ruin of their goods, and damage on every side.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2097-2098.

उमोवाच · Uma (Parvati) said

Verse 28 (13.223.28)

भगवन्मानुषाः केचिद्बान्धवैः सहसा पृथक् । कारणादेव सहसा सर्वेषां प्राणनाशनम् ॥

bhagavanmānuṣāḥ kecidbāndhavaiḥ sahasā pṛthak | kāraṇādeva sahasā sarveṣāṃ prāṇanāśanam

Lord, some men are suddenly parted from their kinsmen, and for some cause the lives of all of them are suddenly taken,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2099-2100.

Verse 29 (13.223.29)

शस्त्रेण वाऽन्यथा वाऽपि प्राप्नुवन्ति वधं नराः । केन कर्मविपाकेन तन्मे शंसितुमर्हसि ॥

śastreṇa vā'nyathā vā'pi prāpnuvanti vadhaṃ narāḥ | kena karmavipākena tanme śaṃsitumarhasi

and men meet death by weapon or in some other way. By what ripening of deeds is this? Please tell me.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2101-2102.

महेश्वर उवाच · Maheshvara (Shiva) said

Verse 30 (13.223.30)

ये पुरा मनुजा देवि घोरकर्मरतानृताः । आसुराः प्रायशो मूर्खाः प्राणिहिंसाप्रिया भृशं ॥

ye purā manujā devi ghorakarmaratānṛtāḥ | āsurāḥ prāyaśo mūrkhāḥ prāṇihiṃsāpriyā bhṛśaṃ

Those men of old, goddess, who delighted in dreadful deeds and in falsehood, demonic, mostly fools, exceedingly fond of killing living beings,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2103-2104.

Verse 31 (13.223.31)

निर्दयाः प्राणिहिंसायां तथा प्राणिविघातकाः । विश्वस्तघातकाश्चैव तथा सुप्तविघातकाः । प्रायशोऽनृतभूयिष्ठा नास्तिका मांसभोजनाः ॥

nirdayāḥ prāṇihiṃsāyāṃ tathā prāṇivighātakāḥ | viśvastaghātakāścaiva tathā suptavighātakāḥ | prāyaśo'nṛtabhūyiṣṭhā nāstikā māṃsabhojanāḥ

pitiless in the slaughter of beings, destroyers of life, killers of those who trusted them and killers of the sleeping, mostly full of lies, unbelievers, eaters of meat,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2105-2107.

Verse 32 (13.223.32)

एवंयुक्तसमाचाराः कालधर्मं गताः पुनः । दण्डिता यमदण्डेन निरयस्थाश्चिरं प्रिये ॥

evaṃyuktasamācārāḥ kāladharmaṃ gatāḥ punaḥ | daṇḍitā yamadaṇḍena nirayasthāściraṃ priye

men of such conduct, having died, are punished again by Yama's rod and remain long in hell, beloved.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2108-2109.

Verse 33 (13.223.33)

तिर्यग्योनिं पुनः प्राप्य तत्र दुःखपरिक्षयात् । यदि चेन्मानुषं जन्म लभेरंस्ते तथाविधाः । तत्र ते प्राप्नुवन्त्येव वधबन्धान्यथा तथा ॥

tiryagyoniṃ punaḥ prāpya tatra duḥkhaparikṣayāt | yadi cenmānuṣaṃ janma labheraṃste tathāvidhāḥ | tatra te prāpnuvantyeva vadhabandhānyathā tathā

Having then obtained animal wombs and exhausted their suffering there, if such persons obtain human birth, they meet with killing and bondage, in one way or another.

Note on the text: Corrected मानुपं → मानुषं (misprint in Wikisource; प for ष). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2110-2112.

Verse 34 (13.223.34)

आढ्या वा दुर्गता वाऽपि भुञ्जते स्वकृतं फलम् । सुप्ता मत्ताश्च विश्वस्तास्तथा ते प्राप्नुवन्त्युत ॥

āḍhyā vā durgatā vā'pi bhuñjate svakṛtaṃ phalam | suptā mattāśca viśvastāstathā te prāpnuvantyuta

Whether rich or poor, they eat the fruit of what they did; asleep, drunk or trusting, they meet it so.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2113-2114.

Verse 35 (13.223.35)

प्राणबाधकृतं दुःखं बान्धवैः सहसा पृथक् । पुत्रदारविनाशं वा शस्त्रेणान्येन वा वधम् ॥

prāṇabādhakṛtaṃ duḥkhaṃ bāndhavaiḥ sahasā pṛthak | putradāravināśaṃ vā śastreṇānyena vā vadham

They meet suffering that strikes at life, sudden separation from kinsmen, the loss of sons and wives, or death by weapon or otherwise.

Note on the text: Corrected प्राणवाधकृतं → प्राणबाधकृतं (misprint in Wikisource; व for ब; CE prāṇābādhakṛtam). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2115-2116.

उमोवाच · Uma (Parvati) said

Verse 36 (13.223.36)

भगवन्मानुषाः केचिद्राजनीतिविशारदैः । दण्ड्यन्ते मानुषे लोके मानुषाः सर्वतोभयाः । केन कर्मविपाकेन तन्मे शंसितुमर्हसि ॥

bhagavanmānuṣāḥ kecidrājanītiviśāradaiḥ | daṇḍyante mānuṣe loke mānuṣāḥ sarvatobhayāḥ | kena karmavipākena tanme śaṃsitumarhasi

Lord, some men, afraid on every side, are punished in the human world by kings skilled in statecraft. By what ripening of deeds is this? Please tell me.

Note on the text: Corrected विशार दैः → विशारदैः (misprint in Wikisource; stray space inside the word). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2117-2119.

महेश्वर उवाच · Maheshvara (Shiva) said

Verse 37 (13.223.37)

ये पुरा मनुजा देवि मानुषांश्चेतराणि वा । क्लिष्टघातेन निघ्नन्ति प्राणान्प्राणिषु निर्दयाः । आसुरा घोरकर्माणः क्रूरदण्डवधप्रियाः ॥

ye purā manujā devi mānuṣāṃścetarāṇi vā | kliṣṭaghātena nighnanti prāṇānprāṇiṣu nirdayāḥ | āsurā ghorakarmāṇaḥ krūradaṇḍavadhapriyāḥ

Those men of old, goddess, who in their cruelty killed human beings and other creatures by tormenting them, pitiless to living things, demonic, of dreadful deeds, fond of cruel punishment and killing,

Note on the text: Corrected आसुर घोरकर्माणः → आसुरा घोरकर्माणः (misprint in Wikisource; visarga dropped before the next word; CE asurā ghorakarmāṇaḥ). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2120-2122.

Verse 38 (13.223.38)

ये दण्डयन्त्यदण्ड्यांश्च राजानः कोपमोहिताः । हिंसाहङ्कारपरुषा मांसादा नास्तिकाशुभाः ॥

ye daṇḍayantyadaṇḍyāṃśca rājānaḥ kopamohitāḥ | hiṃsāhaṅkāraparuṣā māṃsādā nāstikāśubhāḥ

and the kings who, maddened by anger, punished those who ought not to be punished, harsh through violence and arrogance, meat-eaters, unbelievers, of evil conduct,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2123-2124.

Verse 39 (13.223.39)

केचित्स्त्रीपुरुषघ्नाश्च गुरुघ्नाश्च तथा प्रिये । एवंयुक्तसमाचारा प्राणिधर्मं गताः पुनः ॥

kecitstrīpuruṣaghnāśca gurughnāśca tathā priye | evaṃyuktasamācārā prāṇidharmaṃ gatāḥ punaḥ

and some who were killers of women and men and killers of their teachers, beloved: men of such conduct, having died,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2125-2126.

Verse 40 (13.223.40)

दण्डिता यमदण्डेन निरयस्थाश्चिरं प्रिये । पूर्वजन्मकृतं कर्म भुञ्जते तदिह प्रजाः ॥

daṇḍitā yamadaṇḍena nirayasthāściraṃ priye | pūrvajanmakṛtaṃ karma bhuñjate tadiha prajāḥ

punished by Yama's rod, remain long in hell, beloved. The deed done in a former birth, these people eat the fruit of here.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2127-2128.

Verse 41 (13.223.41)

इहैव यत्कर्म कृतं तत्परत्र फलत्युत । एषा व्यवस्थितिर्देवि मानुषेष्वेव दृश्यते ॥

ihaiva yatkarma kṛtaṃ tatparatra phalatyuta | eṣā vyavasthitirdevi mānuṣeṣveva dṛśyate

What deed is done here bears fruit in the world beyond. This is the order that is seen among human beings alone.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2129-2130.

Verse 42 (13.223.42)

न चर्षीणां न देवानाममृतत्वात्तपोबलात् । तैरेकेन शरीरेण भुज्यते कर्मणः फलम् ॥

na carṣīṇāṃ na devānāmamṛtatvāttapobalāt | tairekena śarīreṇa bhujyate karmaṇaḥ phalam

Not so for sages or gods: because of their immortality and the power of their austerity, they enjoy the fruit of their deeds in one single body.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2131-2132.

Verse 43 (13.223.43)

न तथा मानुषाणां स्यादन्तर्धाय भवेद्धि तत् ॥

na tathā mānuṣāṇāṃ syādantardhāya bhaveddhi tat

It is not so for human beings; for them that fruit comes after an interval.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), line 2133.

उमोवाच · Uma (Parvati) said

Verse 44 (13.223.44)

किमर्थं मानुषा लोके दण्ड्यन्ते पृथिवीश्वरैः । कृतापराधमुद्दिश्य हन्ता हर्ताऽयमित्युत ॥

kimarthaṃ mānuṣā loke daṇḍyante pṛthivīśvaraiḥ | kṛtāparādhamuddiśya hantā hartā'yamityuta

Why are men in the world punished by kings, on the charge of an offence committed, with the words, "This one is a killer, that one a thief"?

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2134-2135.

Verse 45 (13.223.45)

पुत्रार्थी पुत्रकामेष्ट्या इहैव लभते सुतान् । तैरेव हि शरीरेण भुञ्जन्ते कर्मणां फलम् ॥

putrārthī putrakāmeṣṭyā ihaiva labhate sutān | taireva hi śarīreṇa bhuñjante karmaṇāṃ phalam

One who wishes for a son obtains sons here itself through the rite performed for that wish; so people enjoy the fruit of their deeds in this very body.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2136-2137.

Verse 46 (13.223.46)

दृश्यन्ते मानुषे लोके तद्भवान्नानुमन्यते । एतन्मे संशयस्थानं तन्मे त्वं छेत्तुमर्हसि ॥

dṛśyante mānuṣe loke tadbhavānnānumanyate | etanme saṃśayasthānaṃ tanme tvaṃ chettumarhasi

This is seen in the human world, and you do not accept it. This is the seat of my doubt; you ought to cut it away for me.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2138-2139.

महेश्वर उवाच · Maheshvara (Shiva) said

Verse 47 (13.223.47)

स्थाने संशयितं देवि तत्त्वं शृणु समाहिता । कर्म कर्मफलं चेति युगपद्भुवि नेष्यते ॥

sthāne saṃśayitaṃ devi tattvaṃ śṛṇu samāhitā | karma karmaphalaṃ ceti yugapadbhuvi neṣyate

You have rightly doubted, goddess. Hear the truth with attention. Deed and the fruit of deed are not admitted to arise together on earth.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2140-2141.

Verse 48 (13.223.48)

ये त्वयाऽभिहिता देवि हन्ता हर्ताऽयमित्यपि । तेषां तत्पूर्वकं कर्म दण्ड्यते यत्र राजभिः ॥

ye tvayā'bhihitā devi hantā hartā'yamityapi | teṣāṃ tatpūrvakaṃ karma daṇḍyate yatra rājabhiḥ

As for those you spoke of, goddess, "he is a killer, he is a thief," there is an earlier deed of theirs behind it when kings punish them.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2142-2143.

Verse 49 (13.223.49)

देवि कर्म कृतं चैषां हेतुर्भवति शासने । अपराधापदेशेन राजा दण्डयति प्रजाः ॥

devi karma kṛtaṃ caiṣāṃ heturbhavati śāsane | aparādhāpadeśena rājā daṇḍayati prajāḥ

Their deed already done is the cause in the matter of punishment, goddess. On the pretext of an offence, the king punishes his subjects.

Note on the text: Corrected अपराधापरेशेन → अपराधापदेशेन (misprint in Wikisource; र for द; CE aparādhāpadeśena). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2144-2145.

Verse 50 (13.223.50)

इह लोके व्यवस्थार्थं राजभिर्दण्डनं स्मृतम् । उद्वेजनार्थं शेषाणामपराधं तमुद्दिशन् ॥

iha loke vyavasthārthaṃ rājabhirdaṇḍanaṃ smṛtam | udvejanārthaṃ śeṣāṇāmaparādhaṃ tamuddiśan

Punishment by kings is prescribed for the sake of order in this world, and, taking that offence as the occasion, to alarm the rest.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2146-2147.

Verse 51 (13.223.51)

पुराकृतफलं दण्डो दण्ड्यमानस्य तद्ध्रुवम् । प्रागेव च मया प्रोक्तं तत्र निःसंशया भव ॥

purākṛtaphalaṃ daṇḍo daṇḍyamānasya taddhruvam | prāgeva ca mayā proktaṃ tatra niḥsaṃśayā bhava

The punishment of one who is punished is surely the fruit of what he did before. I have said this already; be free from doubt about it.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2148-2149.

उमोवाच · Uma (Parvati) said

Verse 52 (13.223.52)

भगवन्भुवि मर्त्यानां दण्डितानां नरेश्वरैः । दण्डेनैव तु तेनेह पापनाशो भवेन्न वा ॥

bhagavanbhuvi martyānāṃ daṇḍitānāṃ nareśvaraiḥ | daṇḍenaiva tu teneha pāpanāśo bhavenna vā

Lord, for mortals on earth who have been punished by kings, does sin come to its end by that punishment alone, or not?

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2150-2151.

Verse 53 (13.223.53)

एतन्मया संशयितं तद्भवांश्छेत्तुमर्हति ॥

etanmayā saṃśayitaṃ tadbhavāṃśchettumarhati

This is what I have doubted; you ought to cut it away.

Note on the text: Input row 53 joined two half-verses; split at the printed heading "महेश्वर उवाच" (13-223-53x), which falls mid-verse — this first half is Uma's, the second half Maheshvara's. Both halves keep Wikisource number 53. Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), line 2152.

महेश्वर उवाच · Maheshvara (Shiva) said

Verse 54 (13.223.54)

स्थाने संशयितं देवि शृणु तत्वं समाहिता ॥

sthāne saṃśayitaṃ devi śṛṇu tatvaṃ samāhitā

You have rightly doubted, goddess. Hear the truth with attention.

Note on the text: Second half of Wikisource verse 53, after the printed speaker heading "महेश्वर उवाच" (13-223-53x) (split from the input row; see previous verse). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), line 2153.

Verse 55 (13.223.55)

ये नृपैर्दण्डिता भूमावपराधापदेशतः । यमलोके न दण्ड्यन्ते तत्र ते यमदण्डनैः ॥

ye nṛpairdaṇḍitā bhūmāvaparādhāpadeśataḥ | yamaloke na daṇḍyante tatra te yamadaṇḍanaiḥ

Those who were punished by kings on earth on the pretext of an offence are not punished again in Yama's world by Yama's punishers.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2154-2155.

Verse 56 (13.223.56)

अदण्डिता वा ये मिथ्या मिथ्या वा दण्डिता भुवि । तान्यमो दण्डयत्येव स हि वेद कृताकृतम् । नातिक्रमेद्यमं कश्चित्कर्म कृत्वेह मानुषः ॥

adaṇḍitā vā ye mithyā mithyā vā daṇḍitā bhuvi | tānyamo daṇḍayatyeva sa hi veda kṛtākṛtam | nātikramedyamaṃ kaścitkarma kṛtveha mānuṣaḥ

But those who have gone unpunished, or have been wrongly punished on earth, Yama does punish, for he knows what is done and undone. No man who has done a deed here can escape Yama.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2156-2158.

Verse 57 (13.223.57)

राजा यमश्च कुर्वाते दण्डमात्रं तु शोभने । उभाभ्यां यमराजाभ्यां दण्डितोऽदण्डितोपि वा । पश्चात्कर्मफलं भुङ्क्ते नरके मानुषेषु वा ॥

rājā yamaśca kurvāte daṇḍamātraṃ tu śobhane | ubhābhyāṃ yamarājābhyāṃ daṇḍito'daṇḍitopi vā | paścātkarmaphalaṃ bhuṅkte narake mānuṣeṣu vā

King and Yama alike inflict only punishment, O fair one. Whether punished or unpunished by both, king and Yama, a man afterwards enjoys the fruit of his deed in hell or among men.

Note on the text: Corrected यमराजभ्यां → यमराजाभ्यां (misprint in Wikisource; long ā dropped; the instrumental dual is यमराजाभ्याम्). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2159-2161.

Verse 58 (13.223.58)

नास्ति कर्मफलच्छेत्ता कश्चिल्लोकत्रयेऽपि च । इति ते कथितं सर्वं निर्विशङ्का भव प्रिये ॥

nāsti karmaphalacchettā kaścillokatraye'pi ca | iti te kathitaṃ sarvaṃ nirviśaṅkā bhava priye

There is no one in the three worlds who can cut off the fruit of deeds. So I have told you everything; be free from doubt, beloved.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2162-2163.

उमोवाच · Uma (Parvati) said

Verse 59 (13.223.59)

किमर्थं दुष्कृतं कृत्वा मानुषा भुवि नित्यशः । पुनस्तत्कर्मनाशाय प्रायश्चित्तानि कुर्वते ॥

kimarthaṃ duṣkṛtaṃ kṛtvā mānuṣā bhuvi nityaśaḥ | punastatkarmanāśāya prāyaścittāni kurvate

Why do men on earth, having done wrong again and again, afterwards perform atonements to destroy that deed?

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2164-2165.

Verse 60 (13.223.60)

सर्वपापहरं चेति हयमेधं वदन्ति च । प्रायश्चित्तानि चान्यानि पापनाशाय कुर्वते । तस्मान्मया संशयितं त्वं तच्छेत्तुमिहार्हसि ॥

sarvapāpaharaṃ ceti hayamedhaṃ vadanti ca | prāyaścittāni cānyāni pāpanāśāya kurvate | tasmānmayā saṃśayitaṃ tvaṃ tacchettumihārhasi

They say the horse sacrifice removes all sin, and they perform other atonements to destroy sin. So a doubt has arisen in me; you ought to resolve it.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2166-2168.

महेश्वर उवाच · Maheshvara (Shiva) said

Verse 61 (13.223.61)

स्थाने संशयितं देवि शृणु तत्वं समाहिता । संशयो हि महानेव पूर्वेषां च मनीषिणाम् ॥

sthāne saṃśayitaṃ devi śṛṇu tatvaṃ samāhitā | saṃśayo hi mahāneva pūrveṣāṃ ca manīṣiṇām

You have rightly doubted, goddess. Hear the truth with attention. This is indeed a great doubt, even of the wise men of old.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2169-2170.

Verse 62 (13.223.62)

द्विधा तु क्रियते पापं सद्भिश्चासद्भिरेव च । अभिसन्धाय वा नित्यमन्यथा वा यदृच्छया ॥

dvidhā tu kriyate pāpaṃ sadbhiścāsadbhireva ca | abhisandhāya vā nityamanyathā vā yadṛcchayā

Sin is committed in two ways, by good men and by bad: either deliberately and with intent, or otherwise, by chance.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2171-2172.

Verse 63 (13.223.63)

केवलं चाभिसन्धाय संरम्भाच्च करोति यत् । कर्मणस्तस्य नाशस्तु न कथंचन विद्यते ॥

kevalaṃ cābhisandhāya saṃrambhācca karoti yat | karmaṇastasya nāśastu na kathaṃcana vidyate

What one does purely with intent, in a fit of rage, of that deed there is no destruction in any way.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2173-2174.

Verse 64 (13.223.64)

अभिसन्धिकृतस्यैव नैव नाशोस्ति कर्मणः । अश्वमेधसहस्रैश्च प्रायश्चित्तशतैरपि ॥

abhisandhikṛtasyaiva naiva nāśosti karmaṇaḥ | aśvamedhasahasraiśca prāyaścittaśatairapi

For a deed done with intent there is no destruction, not even by thousands of horse sacrifices and hundreds of atonements.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2175-2176.

Verse 65 (13.223.65)

अन्यथा यत्कृतं पापं प्रमादाद्वा यदृच्छया । प्रायश्चित्ताश्वमेधाभ्यां श्रेयसा तत्प्रणश्यति ॥

anyathā yatkṛtaṃ pāpaṃ pramādādvā yadṛcchayā | prāyaścittāśvamedhābhyāṃ śreyasā tatpraṇaśyati

But sin done otherwise, through negligence or by chance, is destroyed by atonement, by the horse sacrifice, and by merit.

Note on the text: Corrected प्रायश्चित्ताश्वमेधाब्यां → प्रायश्चित्ताश्वमेधाभ्यां (misprint in Wikisource; ब्यां for भ्यां; CE prāyaścittāśvamedhābhyām). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2177-2178.

Verse 66 (13.223.66)

लोकसंव्यवहारार्थं प्रायश्चित्तादिरिष्यते । विद्ध्येवं पापके कार्ये निर्विशङ्का भव प्रिये ॥

lokasaṃvyavahārārthaṃ prāyaścittādiriṣyate | viddhyevaṃ pāpake kārye nirviśaṅkā bhava priye

Atonement and the like are prescribed for the conduct of worldly life. Know it so in the matter of sinful acts, and be free from doubt, beloved.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2179-2180.

Verse 67 (13.223.67)

इति ते कथितं देवि भूयः श्रोतुं किमिच्छसि ॥

iti te kathitaṃ devi bhūyaḥ śrotuṃ kimicchasi

So I have told you, goddess. What more do you wish to hear?

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), line 2181.

उमोवाच · Uma (Parvati) said

Verse 68 (13.223.68)

भगवन्देवदेवेश मानुषाश्चेतरा अपि । म्रियन्ते मानुषा लोके कारणाकारणादपि । केन कर्मविपाकेन तन्मे शंसितुमर्हसि ॥

bhagavandevadeveśa mānuṣāścetarā api | mriyante mānuṣā loke kāraṇākāraṇādapi | kena karmavipākena tanme śaṃsitumarhasi

Lord, God of gods, human beings and other creatures also die in the world, with cause or without cause. By what ripening of deeds is this? Please tell me.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2182-2184.

महेश्वर उवाच · Maheshvara (Shiva) said

Verse 69 (13.223.69)

ये पुरा मनुजा देवि कारणाकारणादपि । यथाऽसुभिर्वियुज्यन्ते प्राणिनः प्राणिनिर्दयैः ॥

ye purā manujā devi kāraṇākāraṇādapi | yathā'subhirviyujyante prāṇinaḥ prāṇinirdayaiḥ

Those men of old, goddess, who with cause or without cause, by merciless acts, parted living beings from their breath of life,

Note on the text: Corrected प्राणिनिर्दर्यः → प्राणिनिर्दयैः (misprint in Wikisource; र for य and a damaged ending; CE prāṇinirdayaiḥ). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2185-2186.

Verse 70 (13.223.70)

तथैव ते प्राप्नुवन्ति यथैवात्मकृतं फलम् । विषदास्तु विषेणैव शस्त्रैः शस्त्रेण घातकाः ॥

tathaiva te prāpnuvanti yathaivātmakṛtaṃ phalam | viṣadāstu viṣeṇaiva śastraiḥ śastreṇa ghātakāḥ

meet in the same way the fruit of what they themselves did: poisoners by poison, killers by weapons.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2187-2188.

Verse 71 (13.223.71)

एवमेव यथा लोके मानुषान्घ्नन्ति मानुषाः । कारणेनैव तेनाथ तथा स्वप्राणनाशनम् । प्राप्नुवन्ति पुनर्देवि नास्ति तत्र विचारणा ॥

evameva yathā loke mānuṣānghnanti mānuṣāḥ | kāraṇenaiva tenātha tathā svaprāṇanāśanam | prāpnuvanti punardevi nāsti tatra vicāraṇā

Just as men in the world kill men, so, for that very reason, they afterwards meet the loss of their own lives. There is no doubting this, goddess.

Note on the text: Corrected तता स्वप्राण → तथा स्वप्राण (misprint in Wikisource; ता for था; CE tathā). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2189-2191.

Verse 72 (13.223.72)

इति ते कथितं सर्वं कर्मपाकफलं प्रिये । भूयस्तव समासेन कथयिष्यामि तच्छृणु ॥

iti te kathitaṃ sarvaṃ karmapākaphalaṃ priye | bhūyastava samāsena kathayiṣyāmi tacchṛṇu

So I have told you, beloved, all the fruit of the ripening of deeds. Now I shall tell you something more, briefly; listen.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2192-2193.

Verse 73 (13.223.73)

सत्यप्रमाणकरणान्नित्यमव्यभिचारि च । यैः पुरा मनुजैर्देवि यस्मिन्काले यथा कृतम् ॥

satyapramāṇakaraṇānnityamavyabhicāri ca | yaiḥ purā manujairdevi yasminkāle yathā kṛtam

It is true, certain, and never failing: whatever men of old did, at whatever time and in whatever way,

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2194-2195.

Verse 74 (13.223.74)

येनैव कारणेनापि कर्म यत्तु शुभाशुभम् । तस्मिन्काले तथा देवि कारणेनैव तेन तु ॥

yenaiva kāraṇenāpi karma yattu śubhāśubham | tasminkāle tathā devi kāraṇenaiva tena tu

and for whatever cause, a deed good or bad, goddess, at that same time and by that same cause,

Note on the text: Corrected तस्मन्काले → तस्मिन्काले (misprint in Wikisource; short इ dropped; CE tasmin kāle). Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2196-2197.

Verse 75 (13.223.75)

प्राप्नुवन्ति नराः प्रेत्य निःसन्देहं शुभाशुभम् । इति सत्यं प्रजानीहि लोके तत्र विधिं प्रति ॥

prāpnuvanti narāḥ pretya niḥsandehaṃ śubhāśubham | iti satyaṃ prajānīhi loke tatra vidhiṃ prati

men obtain after death, without doubt, the good or the bad. Know this to be true as regards the order of the world.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2198-2199.

Verse 76 (13.223.76)

कर्मकर्ता नरो भोक्ता स नास्ति दिवि वा भुवि । न शक्यं कर्म चाभोक्तुं सदेवासुरमानुषैः ॥

karmakartā naro bhoktā sa nāsti divi vā bhuvi | na śakyaṃ karma cābhoktuṃ sadevāsuramānuṣaiḥ

The man who does a deed is its enjoyer; there is none otherwise, in heaven or on earth. The fruit of a deed cannot be left unenjoyed, even by gods, demons and men together.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2200-2201.

Verse 77 (13.223.77)

कर्मणा ग्रथितो लोक आदिप्रभृति वर्तते । एतदुद्देशतः प्रोक्तं कर्मपाकफलं प्रति ॥

karmaṇā grathito loka ādiprabhṛti vartate | etaduddeśataḥ proktaṃ karmapākaphalaṃ prati

The world has been strung together by deeds from the very beginning. This has been stated in brief concerning the fruit of the ripening of deeds.

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2202-2203.

Verse 78 (13.223.78)

यदन्यच्च मया नोक्तं यस्मिंस्ते कर्मसङ्ग्रहे । बुद्धितर्केण तत्सर्वं तथा वेदितुमर्हसि । कथितं श्रोतुकामाया भूयः श्रोतुं किमिच्छसि ॥

yadanyacca mayā noktaṃ yasmiṃste karmasaṅgrahe | buddhitarkeṇa tatsarvaṃ tathā veditumarhasi | kathitaṃ śrotukāmāyā bhūyaḥ śrotuṃ kimicchasi

Whatever else I have not said about this collection of deeds, you can understand it all by reflection. It has been told to one eager to hear; what more do you wish to hear?

Note on the text: Not in the critical edition proper (vulgate recension); parallel text in Appendix I No. 15 (after 13.134.57d), lines 2204-2206.

Adhyaya 222All adhyayasAdhyaya 224