Tulasi's Union with Shankhachuda

Verse 1 (devibhagavatam.9.18.1)

नारायण उवाच । तुलसी परितुष्टा च सुष्वाप हृष्टमानसा । नवयौवनसम्पन्ना वृषध्वजवराङ्गना

nārāyaṇa uvāca | tulasī parituṣṭā ca suṣvāpa hṛṣṭamānasā | navayauvanasampannā vṛṣadhvajavarāṅganā

Narayana said: Tulasi, well contented, her heart delighted, endowed with fresh youth, the excellent woman of Vrishadhvaja's line, fell asleep.

Verse 2 (devibhagavatam.9.18.2)

चिक्षेप पञ्चबाणश्च पञ्चबाणांश्च तां प्रति । पुष्पायुधेन सा दग्धा पुष्पचन्दनचर्चिता

cikṣepa pañcabāṇaśca pañcabāṇāṁśca tāṁ prati | puṣpāyudhena sā dagdhā puṣpacandanacarcitā

The five-arrowed god shot his five arrows at her; and though anointed with flowers and sandal, she was consumed by that flower-weaponed god.

Verse 3 (devibhagavatam.9.18.3)

पुलकाङ्कितसर्वाङ्गी कम्पितारक्तलोचना । क्षणं सा शुष्कतां प्राप क्षणं मूर्च्छामवाप ह

pulakāṅkitasarvāṅgī kampitāraktalocanā | kṣaṇaṁ sā śuṣkatāṁ prāpa kṣaṇaṁ mūrcchāmavāpa ha

Her whole body thrilled with horripilation, her reddened eyes trembling — for a moment she grew parched, and for a moment fell into a swoon.

Verse 4 (devibhagavatam.9.18.4)

क्षणमुद्विग्नतां प्राप क्षणं तन्द्रां सुखावहाम् । क्षणं च दहनं प्राप क्षणं प्राप प्रसन्नताम्

kṣaṇamudvignatāṁ prāpa kṣaṇaṁ tandrāṁ sukhāvahām | kṣaṇaṁ ca dahanaṁ prāpa kṣaṇaṁ prāpa prasannatām

For a moment she grew agitated, for a moment fell into a pleasant drowsiness; for a moment she burned, and for a moment felt at ease.

Verse 5 (devibhagavatam.9.18.5)

क्षणं सा चेतनां प्राप क्षणं प्राप विषण्णताम् । उत्तिष्ठन्ती क्षणं तल्पाद् गच्छन्ती निकटे क्षणम्

kṣaṇaṁ sā cetanāṁ prāpa kṣaṇaṁ prāpa viṣaṇṇatām | uttiṣṭhantī kṣaṇaṁ talpād gacchantī nikaṭe kṣaṇam

For a moment her senses returned, for a moment despondency took hold; for a moment rising from her bed, for a moment moving close by.

Verse 6 (devibhagavatam.9.18.6)

भ्रमन्ती क्षणमुद्वेगान्निवसन्ती क्षणं पुनः । क्षणमेव समुद्वेगात्सुष्वाप पुनरेव सा

bhramantī kṣaṇamudvegānnivasantī kṣaṇaṁ punaḥ | kṣaṇameva samudvegātsuṣvāpa punareva sā

For a moment wandering in agitation, for a moment resting again; and then, out of that very agitation, she fell asleep once more.

Verse 7 (devibhagavatam.9.18.7)

पुष्पचन्दनतल्पं च तद् बभूवातिकण्टकम् । विषहारि सुखं दिव्यं सुन्दरं च फलं जलम्

puṣpacandanatalpaṁ ca tad babhūvātikaṇṭakam | viṣahāri sukhaṁ divyaṁ sundaraṁ ca phalaṁ jalam

That bed of flowers and sandal seemed to her filled with thorns; and the sweet, divine, poison-dispelling fruit and water gave her no pleasure at all.

Verse 8 (devibhagavatam.9.18.8)

निलयं च बिलाकारं सूक्ष्मवस्त्रं हुताशनः । सिन्दूरपत्रकं चैव व्रणतुल्यं च दुःखदम्

nilayaṁ ca bilākāraṁ sūkṣmavastraṁ hutāśanaḥ | sindūrapatrakaṁ caiva vraṇatulyaṁ ca duḥkhadam

Her chamber seemed to her like a cave, her fine garments like fire; and even the sindura mark on her brow felt like a painful wound.

Verse 9 (devibhagavatam.9.18.9)

क्षणं ददर्श तन्द्रायां सुवेषं पुरुषं सती । सुन्दरं च युवानं च सस्मितं रसिकेश्वरम्

kṣaṇaṁ dadarśa tandrāyāṁ suveṣaṁ puruṣaṁ satī | sundaraṁ ca yuvānaṁ ca sasmitaṁ rasikeśvaram

In her drowsy state, for a moment that virtuous woman saw a well-dressed man, beautiful and youthful, smiling, a lord of delight.

Verse 10 (devibhagavatam.9.18.10)

चन्दनोक्षितसर्वाङ्गं रत्नभूषणभूषितम् । आगच्छन्तं माल्यवन्तं पिबन्तं तन्मुखाम्बुजम्

candanokṣitasarvāṅgaṁ ratnabhūṣaṇabhūṣitam | āgacchantaṁ mālyavantaṁ pibantaṁ tanmukhāmbujam

— his whole body anointed with sandal, adorned with jeweled ornaments, garlanded, approaching her, drinking in the sight of her lotus-face —

Verse 11 (devibhagavatam.9.18.11)

कथयन्तं रतिकथां ब्रुवन्तं मधुरं मुहुः । सम्भुक्तवन्तं तल्पे च समाश्लिष्यन्तमीप्सितम्

kathayantaṁ ratikathāṁ bruvantaṁ madhuraṁ muhuḥ | sambhuktavantaṁ talpe ca samāśliṣyantamīpsitam

— speaking words of love, uttering sweet things again and again, taking his pleasure with her upon the bed, embracing the one he desired —

Verse 12 (devibhagavatam.9.18.12)

पुनरेव तु गच्छन्तमागच्छन्तं च सन्निधौ । यान्तं क्व यासि प्राणेश तिष्ठत्येवमुवाच सा

punareva tu gacchantamāgacchantaṁ ca sannidhau | yāntaṁ kva yāsi prāṇeśa tiṣṭhatyevamuvāca sā

— then going away again, and drawing near again; and as he went, she said: "Where do you go, O lord of my life? Stay!"

Verse 13 (devibhagavatam.9.18.13)

पुनश्च चेतनां प्राप्य विललाप पुनः पुनः । एवं सा यौवनं प्राप्य तस्थौ तत्रैव नारद

punaśca cetanāṁ prāpya vilalāpa punaḥ punaḥ | evaṁ sā yauvanaṁ prāpya tasthau tatraiva nārada

Regaining her senses again, she lamented over and over; thus, having come fully into her youth, she remained there, O Narada.

Verse 14 (devibhagavatam.9.18.14)

शङ्खचूडो महायोगी जैगीषव्यान्मनोहरम् । कृष्णमन्त्रं च सम्प्राप्य कृत्वा सिद्धं तु पुष्करे

śaṅkhacūḍo mahāyogī jaigīṣavyānmanoharam | kṛṣṇamantraṁ ca samprāpya kṛtvā siddhaṁ tu puṣkare

Shankhachuda, the great yogi, having obtained from the sage Jaigishavya the enchanting Krishna-mantra, and having perfected it at Pushkara —

Verse 15 (devibhagavatam.9.18.15)

कवचं च गले बद्ध्वा सर्वमङ्गलमङ्गलम् । ब्रह्मणश्च वरं प्राप्य यत्ते मनसि वाञ्छितम्

kavacaṁ ca gale baddhvā sarvamaṅgalamaṅgalam | brahmaṇaśca varaṁ prāpya yatte manasi vāñchitam

— having bound around his neck the armor that is auspicious above all auspicious things, and having obtained from Brahma the boon of whatever was desired in his mind —

Verse 16 (devibhagavatam.9.18.16)

आज्ञया ब्रह्मणः सोऽपि बदरीं च समाययौ । आगच्छन्तं शङ्खचूडं ददर्श तुलसी मुने

ājñayā brahmaṇaḥ so'pi badarīṁ ca samāyayau | āgacchantaṁ śaṅkhacūḍaṁ dadarśa tulasī mune

— by Brahma's command he too came to Badari; and Tulasi, O sage, saw Shankhachuda approaching.

Verse 17 (devibhagavatam.9.18.17)

नवयौवनसम्पन्नं कामदेवसमप्रभम् । श्वेतचम्पकवर्णाभं रत्नभूषणभूषितम्

navayauvanasampannaṁ kāmadevasamaprabham | śvetacampakavarṇābhaṁ ratnabhūṣaṇabhūṣitam

— endowed with fresh youth, radiant as Kamadeva, of the hue of a white champaka flower, adorned with jeweled ornaments —

Verse 18 (devibhagavatam.9.18.18)

शरत्पार्वणचन्द्रास्यं शरत्पङ्कजलोचनम् । रत्नसारविनिर्माणविमानस्थं मनोहरम्

śaratpārvaṇacandrāsyaṁ śaratpaṅkajalocanam | ratnasāravinirmāṇavimānasthaṁ manoharam

— his face like the autumn full moon, his eyes like autumn lotuses, seated in an enchanting chariot fashioned of the finest jewels —

Verse 19 (devibhagavatam.9.18.19)

रत्नकुण्डलयुग्मेन गण्डस्थलविराजितम् । पारिजातप्रसूनानां मालावन्तं च सुस्मितम्

ratnakuṇḍalayugmena gaṇḍasthalavirājitam | pārijātaprasūnānāṁ mālāvantaṁ ca susmitam

— his cheeks radiant with a pair of jeweled earrings, garlanded with Parijata blossoms, sweetly smiling —

Verse 20 (devibhagavatam.9.18.20)

कस्तूरीकुङ्कुमायुक्तं सुगन्धिचन्दनान्वितम् । सा दृष्ट्वा सन्निधावेनं मुखमाच्छाद्य वाससा

kastūrīkuṅkumāyuktaṁ sugandhicandanānvitam | sā dṛṣṭvā sannidhāvenaṁ mukhamācchādya vāsasā

— anointed with musk and saffron, fragrant with sandal; seeing him draw near, she covered her face with her garment.

Verse 21 (devibhagavatam.9.18.21)

सस्मिता तं निरीक्षन्ती सकटाक्षं पुनः पुनः । बभूवातिनम्रमुखी नवसङ्गमलज्जिता

sasmitā taṁ nirīkṣantī sakaṭākṣaṁ punaḥ punaḥ | babhūvātinamramukhī navasaṅgamalajjitā

Smiling, she looked at him again and again with sidelong glances; her face bowed low, shy at this fresh encounter.

Verse 22 (devibhagavatam.9.18.22)

शरदिन्दुविनिन्द्यैकस्वमुखेन्दुविराजिता । अमूल्यरत्ननिर्माणयावकावलिसंयुता

śaradinduvinindyaikasvamukhenduvirājitā | amūlyaratnanirmāṇayāvakāvalisaṁyutā

Her moon-like face alone put the autumn moon itself to shame; her feet were marked with lines of priceless jeweled lac-dye —

Verse 23 (devibhagavatam.9.18.23)

मणीन्द्रसारनिर्माणक्वणन्मञ्जीररञ्जिता । दधती कबरीभारं मालतीमाल्यसंयुतम्

maṇīndrasāranirmāṇakvaṇanmañjīrarañjitā | dadhatī kabarībhāraṁ mālatīmālyasaṁyutam

— adorned with tinkling anklets made of the finest gems, bearing a heavy braid of hair entwined with a garland of jasmine —

Verse 24 (devibhagavatam.9.18.24)

अमूल्यरत्ननिर्माणमकराकृतिकुण्डला । चित्रकुण्डलयुग्मेन गण्डस्थलविराजिता

amūlyaratnanirmāṇamakarākṛtikuṇḍalā | citrakuṇḍalayugmena gaṇḍasthalavirājitā

— her earrings shaped like makaras and made of priceless jewels, her cheeks radiant with that colorful pair of earrings —

Verse 25 (devibhagavatam.9.18.25)

रत्नेन्द्रसारहारेण स्तनमध्यस्थलोज्ज्वला । रत्नकङ्कणकेयूरशङ्खभूषणभूषिता

ratnendrasārahāreṇa stanamadhyasthalojjvalā | ratnakaṅkaṇakeyūraśaṅkhabhūṣaṇabhūṣitā

— her bosom radiant with a necklace of the finest gems, adorned with jeweled bangles, armlets, and conch-shell ornaments —

Verse 26 (devibhagavatam.9.18.26)

रत्नाङ्गुलीयकैर्दिव्यैरङ्गुल्यावलिराजिता । दृष्ट्वा तां ललितां रम्यां सुशीलां सुन्दरीं सतीम्

ratnāṅgulīyakairdivyairaṅgulyāvalirājitā | dṛṣṭvā tāṁ lalitāṁ ramyāṁ suśīlāṁ sundarīṁ satīm

— her row of fingers adorned with divine, jeweled rings; and seeing her thus, graceful, delightful, gentle, beautiful, and virtuous —

Verse 27 (devibhagavatam.9.18.27)

उवास तत्समीपे तु मधुरं तामुवाच सः । शङ्खचूड उवाच । का त्वं कस्य च कन्या च धन्या मान्या च योषिताम्

uvāsa tatsamīpe tu madhuraṁ tāmuvāca saḥ | śaṅkhacūḍa uvāca | kā tvaṁ kasya ca kanyā ca dhanyā mānyā ca yoṣitām

— he sat down near her and spoke to her sweetly. Shankhachuda said: "Who are you, and whose daughter, O blessed and honored one among women?

Verse 28 (devibhagavatam.9.18.28)

का त्वं मानिनि कल्याणि सर्वकल्याणदायिनि । मौनीभूते किङ्करे मां सम्भाषां कुरु सुन्दरि

kā tvaṁ mānini kalyāṇi sarvakalyāṇadāyini | maunībhūte kiṅkare māṁ sambhāṣāṁ kuru sundari

Who are you, O proud one, O auspicious one, bestower of all good fortune? Speak, O beauty, to this silent servant of yours."

Verse 29 (devibhagavatam.9.18.29)

इत्येवं वचनं श्रुत्वा सकामा वामलोचना । सस्मिता नम्रवदना सकामं तमुवाच सा

ityevaṁ vacanaṁ śrutvā sakāmā vāmalocanā | sasmitā namravadanā sakāmaṁ tamuvāca sā

Hearing this, that lovely-eyed woman, herself filled with desire, smiling, her face bowed low, spoke to him, herself full of longing.

Verse 30 (devibhagavatam.9.18.30)

तुलस्युवाच । धर्मध्वजसुताहं च तपस्यायां तपोवने । तपस्विन्यहं तिष्ठामि कस्त्वं गच्छ यथासुखम्

tulasyuvāca | dharmadhvajasutāhaṁ ca tapasyāyāṁ tapovane | tapasvinyahaṁ tiṣṭhāmi kastvaṁ gaccha yathāsukham

Tulasi said: "I am the daughter of Dharmadhvaja; I dwell here in this forest of austerity, an ascetic engaged in penance. Who are you? Go, as you please.

Verse 31 (devibhagavatam.9.18.31)

कामिनीं कुलजातां च रहस्येकाकिनीं सतीम् । न पृच्छति कुले जात इत्येवं मे श्रुतौ श्रुतम्

kāminīṁ kulajātāṁ ca rahasyekākinīṁ satīm | na pṛcchati kule jāta ityevaṁ me śrutau śrutam

A well-born man does not question in this way a woman of good family, chaste and alone in a secluded place — so I have heard declared in the scriptures.

Verse 32 (devibhagavatam.9.18.32)

लम्पटोऽसत्कुले जातो धर्मशास्त्रार्थवर्जितः । येनाश्रुतः श्रुतेरर्थः स कामीच्छति कामिनीम्

lampaṭo'satkule jāto dharmaśāstrārthavarjitaḥ | yenāśrutaḥ śruterarthaḥ sa kāmīcchati kāminīm

Only a lecher, born in a low family, devoid of the meaning of the scriptures of dharma, one who has never heard the true sense of the scriptures — only such a man desires a woman in this way."

Verse 33 (devibhagavatam.9.18.33)

आपातमधुरां मत्तामन्तकां पुरुषस्य ताम् । विषकुम्भाकाररूपाममृतास्यां च सन्ततम्

āpātamadhurāṁ mattāmantakāṁ puruṣasya tām | viṣakumbhākārarūpāmamṛtāsyāṁ ca santatam

Sweet at first taste, intoxicating, yet the death of a man; poison itself in the form of a jar, though her face seems forever made of nectar.

Verse 34 (devibhagavatam.9.18.34)

हृदये क्षुरधाराभां शश्वन्मधुरभाषिणीम् । स्वकार्यपरिनिष्पत्त्यै तत्परा सततं च ताम्

hṛdaye kṣuradhārābhāṁ śaśvanmadhurabhāṣiṇīm | svakāryapariniṣpattyai tatparā satataṁ ca tām

— of heart like the edge of a razor, though ever sweet of speech; ever intent solely on the accomplishment of her own purpose —

Verse 35 (devibhagavatam.9.18.35)

कार्यार्थे स्वामिवशगामन्यथैवावशां सदा । स्वान्तर्मलिनरूपां च प्रसन्नवदनेक्षणाम्

kāryārthe svāmivaśagāmanyathaivāvaśāṁ sadā | svāntarmalinarūpāṁ ca prasannavadanekṣaṇām

— submissive to her husband only where it serves her purpose, otherwise ever unyielding; of impure nature within, though pleasant of countenance and glance —

Verse 36 (devibhagavatam.9.18.36)

श्रुतौ पुराणे यासां च चरित्रमतिदूषितम् । तासु को विश्वसेत्प्राज्ञः प्रज्ञावांश्च दुराशयः

śrutau purāṇe yāsāṁ ca caritramatidūṣitam | tāsu ko viśvasetprājñaḥ prajñāvāṁśca durāśayaḥ

— women whose conduct is described as thoroughly flawed in scripture and Purana — what wise man would trust them? Only one of evil intent, however learned, would do so.

Verse 37 (devibhagavatam.9.18.37)

तासां को वा रिपुर्मित्रं प्रार्थयन्ति नवं नवम् । दृष्ट्वा सुवेषं पुरुषमिच्छन्ति हृदये सदा

tāsāṁ ko vā ripurmitraṁ prārthayanti navaṁ navam | dṛṣṭvā suveṣaṁ puruṣamicchanti hṛdaye sadā

For them there is neither enemy nor friend; they ever seek out newer and newer men, and seeing any well-dressed man, they desire him in their heart always.

Verse 38 (devibhagavatam.9.18.38)

बाह्ये स्वार्थं सतीत्वं च ज्ञापयन्ती प्रयत्नतः । शश्वत्कामा च रामा च कामाधारा मनोहरा

bāhye svārthaṁ satītvaṁ ca jñāpayantī prayatnataḥ | śaśvatkāmā ca rāmā ca kāmādhārā manoharā

Outwardly, for their own purpose, they take great pains to display chastity; women are ever full of desire, the very seat of desire, yet enchanting all the same.

Verse 39 (devibhagavatam.9.18.39)

बाह्ये छलात्खेदयन्ती स्वान्तर्मैथुनमानसा । कान्तं हसन्ती रहसि बाह्येऽतीव सुलज्जिता

bāhye chalātkhedayantī svāntarmaithunamānasā | kāntaṁ hasantī rahasi bāhye'tīva sulajjitā

— outwardly, through deceit, feigning reluctance, while their mind is fixed inwardly on union; laughing at their lover in private, though extremely modest in public —

Verse 40 (devibhagavatam.9.18.40)

मानिनी मैथुनाभावे कोपना कलहाङ्कुरा । सुप्रीता भूरिसम्भोगात्स्वल्पमैथुनदुःखिता

māninī maithunābhāve kopanā kalahāṅkurā | suprītā bhūrisambhogātsvalpamaithunaduḥkhitā

— proud and quarrelsome, quick to anger, when union is denied them; well pleased with abundant enjoyment, and distressed by scant union —

Verse 41 (devibhagavatam.9.18.41)

सुमिष्टान्नाच्छीततोयादाकाङ्क्षन्ती च मानसे । सुन्दरं रसिकं कान्तं युवानं गुणिनं सदा

sumiṣṭānnācchītatoyādākāṅkṣantī ca mānase | sundaraṁ rasikaṁ kāntaṁ yuvānaṁ guṇinaṁ sadā

— desiring in their heart, more than the sweetest food or the coolest water, a beautiful, delightful, beloved, youthful, and virtuous man, always —

Verse 42 (devibhagavatam.9.18.42)

सुतात्परमभिस्नेहं कुर्वती रसिकोपरि । प्राणाधिकं प्रियतमं सम्भोगकुशलं प्रियम्

sutātparamabhisnehaṁ kurvatī rasikopari | prāṇādhikaṁ priyatamaṁ sambhogakuśalaṁ priyam

— showing greater affection for a delightful lover than even for their own son; the beloved dearer than life, skilled in love, cherished above all —

Verse 43 (devibhagavatam.9.18.43)

पश्यन्ती रिपुतुल्यं च वृद्धं वा मैथुनाक्षमम् । कलहं कुर्वती शश्वत्तेन सार्धं सुकोपना

paśyantī riputulyaṁ ca vṛddhaṁ vā maithunākṣamam | kalahaṁ kurvatī śaśvattena sārdhaṁ sukopanā

— but regarding an old man, incapable of union, as no better than an enemy; forever quarreling with him, prone to constant anger —

Verse 44 (devibhagavatam.9.18.44)

वाचया भक्षयन्ती तं सर्प आखुमिवोल्बणम् । दुःसाहसस्वरूपा च सर्वदोषाश्रया सदा

vācayā bhakṣayantī taṁ sarpa ākhumivolbaṇam | duḥsāhasasvarūpā ca sarvadoṣāśrayā sadā

— devouring him with her words as a fierce serpent devours a mouse; reckless by nature, ever the abode of every fault —

Verse 45 (devibhagavatam.9.18.45)

ब्रह्मविष्णुशिवादीनां दुःसाध्या मोहरूपिणी । तपोमार्गार्गला शश्वन्मोक्षद्वारकपाटिका

brahmaviṣṇuśivādīnāṁ duḥsādhyā moharūpiṇī | tapomārgārgalā śaśvanmokṣadvārakapāṭikā

— hard even for Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva and the rest to master, the very embodiment of delusion; a bolt across the path of austerity, ever a shutter closed against the gate of liberation —

Verse 46 (devibhagavatam.9.18.46)

हरेर्भक्तिव्यवहिता सर्वमायाकरण्डिका । संसारकारागारे च शश्वन्निगडरूपिणी

harerbhaktivyavahitā sarvamāyākaraṇḍikā | saṁsārakārāgāre ca śaśvannigaḍarūpiṇī

— an obstruction to devotion to Hari, a casket holding every kind of illusion; and ever, in the prison of worldly existence, in the very shape of fetters —

Verse 47 (devibhagavatam.9.18.47)

इन्द्रजालस्वरूपा च मिथ्या च स्वप्नरूपिणी । बिभ्रती बाह्यसौन्दर्यमधोऽङ्गमतिकुत्सितम्

indrajālasvarūpā ca mithyā ca svapnarūpiṇī | bibhratī bāhyasaundaryamadho'ṅgamatikutsitam

— of the very nature of a conjurer's trick, false, dream-like; bearing outward beauty while the parts below are utterly repulsive —

Verse 48 (devibhagavatam.9.18.48)

नानाविण्मूत्रपूयानामाधारं मलसंयुतम् । दुर्गन्धिदोषसंयुक्तं रक्तारक्तमसंस्कृतम्

nānāviṇmūtrapūyānāmādhāraṁ malasaṁyutam | durgandhidoṣasaṁyuktaṁ raktāraktamasaṁskṛtam

— the receptacle of manifold excrement, urine, and pus, steeped in filth; marked by the fault of foul odor, streaked with blood, unrefined —

Verse 49 (devibhagavatam.9.18.49)

मायारूपा मायिनां च विधिना निर्मिता पुरा । विषरूपा मुमुक्षूणामदृश्याप्यभिवाञ्छताम्

māyārūpā māyināṁ ca vidhinā nirmitā purā | viṣarūpā mumukṣūṇāmadṛśyāpyabhivāñchatām

— of the very nature of maya, fashioned by the Ordainer of old for those already caught in delusion; to those who seek liberation she is poison itself, desired even while yet unseen.

Verse 50 (devibhagavatam.9.18.50)

इत्युक्त्वा तुलसी तं तु विरराम च नारद । सस्मितः शङ्खचूडश्च प्रवक्तुमुपचक्रमे

ityuktvā tulasī taṁ tu virarāma ca nārada | sasmitaḥ śaṅkhacūḍaśca pravaktumupacakrame

Having said this, Tulasi fell silent, O Narada; and Shankhachuda, smiling, began to speak.

Verse 51 (devibhagavatam.9.18.51)

शङ्खचूड उवाच । त्वया यत्कथितं देवि न च सर्वमलीककम् । किञ्चित्सत्यमलीकं च किञ्चिन्मत्तो निशामय

śaṅkhacūḍa uvāca | tvayā yatkathitaṁ devi na ca sarvamalīkakam | kiñcitsatyamalīkaṁ ca kiñcinmatto niśāmaya

Shankhachuda said: "O goddess, what you have said is not entirely false; some of it is true, and some false — now hear this from me.

Verse 52 (devibhagavatam.9.18.52)

निर्मितं द्विविधं धात्रा स्त्रीरूपं सर्वमोहनम् । कृत्वा रूपं वास्तवं च प्रशस्यं चाप्रशंसितम्

nirmitaṁ dvividhaṁ dhātrā strīrūpaṁ sarvamohanam | kṛtvā rūpaṁ vāstavaṁ ca praśasyaṁ cāpraśaṁsitam

The Creator fashioned the all-enchanting form of woman in two kinds — one the true and praiseworthy form, the other the unpraiseworthy.

Verse 53 (devibhagavatam.9.18.53)

लक्ष्मीः सरस्वती दुर्गा सावित्री राधिकादिका । सृष्टिसूत्रस्वरूपा च आद्या सृष्टिर्विनिर्मिता

lakṣmīḥ sarasvatī durgā sāvitrī rādhikādikā | sṛṣṭisūtrasvarūpā ca ādyā sṛṣṭirvinirmitā

Lakshmi, Sarasvati, Durga, Savitri, Radhika, and the rest — of the very nature of the thread of creation, they were fashioned as the primal creation.

Verse 54 (devibhagavatam.9.18.54)

एतासामंशरूपं च स्त्रीरूपं वास्तवं स्मृतम् । तत्प्रशस्यं यशोरूपं सर्वमङ्गलकारकम्

etāsāmaṁśarūpaṁ ca strīrūpaṁ vāstavaṁ smṛtam | tatpraśasyaṁ yaśorūpaṁ sarvamaṅgalakārakam

The woman-form that is a portion of these is held to be the true form; it is praiseworthy, glory itself, the bringer of all auspiciousness.

Verse 55 (devibhagavatam.9.18.55)

शतरूपा देवहूती स्वधा स्वाहा च दक्षिणा । छायावती रोहिणी च वरुणानी शची तथा

śatarūpā devahūtī svadhā svāhā ca dakṣiṇā | chāyāvatī rohiṇī ca varuṇānī śacī tathā

Shatarupa, Devahuti, Svadha, Svaha, and Dakshina; Chhayavati, Rohini, Varunani, and Shachi —

Verse 56 (devibhagavatam.9.18.56)

कुबेरस्य च पत्नी याप्यदितिश्च दितिस्तथा । लोपामुद्रानसूया च कोटभी तुलसी तथा

kuberasya ca patnī yāpyaditiśca ditistathā | lopāmudrānasūyā ca koṭabhī tulasī tathā

— and Kubera's wife, and Aditi and Diti as well; Lopamudra, Anasuya, Kotabhi, and Tulasi —

Verse 57 (devibhagavatam.9.18.57)

अहल्यारुन्धती मेना तारा मन्दोदरी तथा । दमयन्ती वेदवती गङ्गा च मनसा तथा

ahalyārundhatī menā tārā mandodarī tathā | damayantī vedavatī gaṅgā ca manasā tathā

— Ahalya, Arundhati, Mena, Tara, and Mandodari; Damayanti, Vedavati, Ganga, and Manasa —

Verse 58 (devibhagavatam.9.18.58)

पुष्टिस्तुष्टिः स्मृतिर्मेधा कालिका च वसुन्धरा । षष्ठी मङ्गलचण्डी च मूर्तिश्च धर्मकामिनी

puṣṭistuṣṭiḥ smṛtirmedhā kālikā ca vasundharā | ṣaṣṭhī maṅgalacaṇḍī ca mūrtiśca dharmakāminī

— Pushti, Tushti, Smriti, Medha, Kalika, and Vasundhara; Shashthi, Mangalachandi, Murti, and Dharma's own beloved —

Verse 59 (devibhagavatam.9.18.59)

स्वस्तिः श्रद्धा च शान्तिश्च कान्तिः क्षान्तिस्तथा परा । निद्रा तन्द्रा क्षुत्पिपासा सन्ध्या रात्रिदिनानि च

svastiḥ śraddhā ca śāntiśca kāntiḥ kṣāntistathā parā | nidrā tandrā kṣutpipāsā sandhyā rātridināni ca

— Svasti, Shraddha, Shanti, Kanti, and supreme Kshanti; Nidra, Tandra, Hunger and Thirst, Sandhya, and Night and Day —

Verse 60 (devibhagavatam.9.18.60)

सम्पत्तिर्धृतिकीर्ती च क्रिया शोभा प्रभा शिवा । यत्स्त्रीरूपं च सम्भूतमुत्तमं तु युगे युगे

sampattirdhṛtikīrtī ca kriyā śobhā prabhā śivā | yatstrīrūpaṁ ca sambhūtamuttamaṁ tu yuge yuge

— Sampatti, Dhriti, Kirti, Kriya, Shobha, Prabha, and Shiva — whatever excellent woman-form has come into being, age after age —

Verse 61 (devibhagavatam.9.18.61)

कलाकलांशरूपं च स्वर्वेश्यादिकमेव च । तदप्रशस्यं विश्वेषु पुंश्चलीरूपमेव च

kalākalāṁśarūpaṁ ca svarveśyādikameva ca | tadapraśasyaṁ viśveṣu puṁścalīrūpameva ca

— all that is the praiseworthy form. But the form that is a mere fragment of a fragment, such as the celestial courtesans and the like, is unpraiseworthy in the world, being of the nature of a wanton woman.

Verse 62 (devibhagavatam.9.18.62)

सत्त्वप्रधानं यद्रूपं तद्युक्तं च प्रभावतः । तदुत्तमं च विश्वेषु साध्वीरूपं प्रशंसितम्

sattvapradhānaṁ yadrūpaṁ tadyuktaṁ ca prabhāvataḥ | taduttamaṁ ca viśveṣu sādhvīrūpaṁ praśaṁsitam

That form in which sattva predominates, endowed with true power — that is the highest in the world, that is the praised form of a virtuous woman.

Verse 63 (devibhagavatam.9.18.63)

तद्वास्तवं च विज्ञेयं प्रवदन्ति मनीषिणः । रजोरूपं तमोरूपं कलासु विविधं स्मृतम्

tadvāstavaṁ ca vijñeyaṁ pravadanti manīṣiṇaḥ | rajorūpaṁ tamorūpaṁ kalāsu vividhaṁ smṛtam

That is to be known as the real form, so the wise declare. The rajasic form and the tamasic form are remembered in manifold ways among the lesser fragments.

Verse 64 (devibhagavatam.9.18.64)

मध्यमा रजसश्चांशास्तास्तु भोगेषु लोलुपाः । सुखसम्भोगवश्याश्च स्वकार्ये निरताः सदा

madhyamā rajasaścāṁśāstāstu bhogeṣu lolupāḥ | sukhasambhogavaśyāśca svakārye niratāḥ sadā

The middling portions, those of rajas, are greedy for enjoyment; governed by the desire for pleasure and union, ever intent on their own purpose.

Verse 65 (devibhagavatam.9.18.65)

कपटा मोहकारिण्यो धर्मार्थविमुखाः सदा । रजोरूपस्य साध्वीत्वमतो नैवोपजायते

kapaṭā mohakāriṇyo dharmārthavimukhāḥ sadā | rajorūpasya sādhvītvamato naivopajāyate

Deceitful, causing delusion, ever averse to dharma and true purpose — thus true chastity never arises in the rajasic form.

Verse 66 (devibhagavatam.9.18.66)

इदं मध्यमरूपं च प्रवदन्ति मनीषिणः । तमोरूपं दुर्निवार्यमधमं तद्विदुर्बुधाः

idaṁ madhyamarūpaṁ ca pravadanti manīṣiṇaḥ | tamorūpaṁ durnivāryamadhamaṁ tadvidurbudhāḥ

This the wise call the middling form; the tamasic form, irresistible and base, the learned know to be the lowest of all.

Verse 67 (devibhagavatam.9.18.67)

न पृच्छति कुले जातः पण्डितश्च परस्त्रियम् । निर्जने निर्जले वापि रहस्यपि परस्त्रियम्

na pṛcchati kule jātaḥ paṇḍitaśca parastriyam | nirjane nirjale vāpi rahasyapi parastriyam

A well-born and learned man does not question another man's wife, even in a solitary place, or a waterless place, or in secret.

Verse 68 (devibhagavatam.9.18.68)

आगच्छामि त्वत्समीपमाज्ञया ब्रह्मणोऽधुना । गान्धर्वेण विवाहेन त्वां ग्रहीष्यामि शोभने

āgacchāmi tvatsamīpamājñayā brahmaṇo'dhunā | gāndharveṇa vivāhena tvāṁ grahīṣyāmi śobhane

I have come now to your side by the command of Brahma; O gracious one, I shall take you in marriage by the Gandharva rite.

Verse 69 (devibhagavatam.9.18.69)

अहमेव शङ्खचूडो देवविद्रावकारकः । दनुवंश्यो विशेषेण सुदामाहं हरेः पुरा

ahameva śaṅkhacūḍo devavidrāvakārakaḥ | danuvaṁśyo viśeṣeṇa sudāmāhaṁ hareḥ purā

I am indeed Shankhachuda, the terror of the gods, of the line of Danu in particular; formerly I was Sudama, Hari's own companion.

Verse 70 (devibhagavatam.9.18.70)

अहमष्टसु गोपेषु गोपोऽपि पार्षदेषु च । अधुना दानवेन्द्रोऽहं राधिकायाश्च शापतः

ahamaṣṭasu gopeṣu gopo'pi pārṣadeṣu ca | adhunā dānavendro'haṁ rādhikāyāśca śāpataḥ

I was a cowherd among the eight cowherds, one of his own attendants; now, by Radhika's curse, I have become the lord of the Danavas.

Verse 71 (devibhagavatam.9.18.71)

जातिस्मरोऽहं जानामि कृष्णमन्त्रप्रभावतः । जातिस्मरा त्वं तुलसी सम्भुक्ता हरिणा पुरा

jātismaro'haṁ jānāmi kṛṣṇamantraprabhāvataḥ | jātismarā tvaṁ tulasī sambhuktā hariṇā purā

By the power of the Krishna-mantra I remember my past births and know all this; you too, O Tulasi, remembering your past births, were once enjoyed by Hari.

Verse 72 (devibhagavatam.9.18.72)

त्वमेव राधिकाकोपाज्जातासि भारते भुवि । त्वां सम्भोक्तुमुत्सुकोऽहं नालं राधाभयात्ततः

tvameva rādhikākopājjātāsi bhārate bhuvi | tvāṁ sambhoktumutsuko'haṁ nālaṁ rādhābhayāttataḥ

It is by Radhika's own anger that you have taken birth on this earth of Bharata; I am eager to enjoy you, though before I was unable to, out of fear of Radha.

Verse 73 (devibhagavatam.9.18.73)

इत्येवमुक्त्वा स पुमान्विरराम महामुने । सस्मितं तुलसी तुष्टा प्रवक्तुमुपचक्रमे

ityevamuktvā sa pumānvirarāma mahāmune | sasmitaṁ tulasī tuṣṭā pravaktumupacakrame

Having said this, that man fell silent, O great sage; and Tulasi, well pleased, smiling, began to speak.

Verse 74 (devibhagavatam.9.18.74)

तुलस्युवाच । एवंविधो बुधो नित्यं विश्वेषु च प्रशंसितः । कान्तमेवंविधं कान्ता शश्वदिच्छति कामतः

tulasyuvāca | evaṁvidho budho nityaṁ viśveṣu ca praśaṁsitaḥ | kāntamevaṁvidhaṁ kāntā śaśvadicchati kāmataḥ

Tulasi said: "Such a wise man is ever praised throughout the world; and it is exactly such a husband that a woman, out of love, ever desires.

Verse 75 (devibhagavatam.9.18.75)

त्वयाहमधुना सत्यं विचारेण पराजिता । स निन्दितश्चाप्यशुचिर्यः पुमांश्च स्त्रिया जितः

tvayāhamadhunā satyaṁ vicāreṇa parājitā | sa ninditaścāpyaśuciryaḥ pumāṁśca striyā jitaḥ

Truly, I am now defeated by you in this debate; but that man too is censured and impure who allows himself to be conquered by a woman.

Verse 76 (devibhagavatam.9.18.76)

निन्दन्ति पितरो देवा बान्धवाः स्त्रीजितं नरम् । स्त्रीजितं मनसा माता पिता भ्राता च निन्दति

nindanti pitaro devā bāndhavāḥ strījitaṁ naram | strījitaṁ manasā mātā pitā bhrātā ca nindati

The ancestors, the gods, and kinsmen all censure a man conquered by a woman; mother, father, and brother too censure, in their hearts, a man conquered by a woman.

Verse 77 (devibhagavatam.9.18.77)

शुद्धो विप्रो दशाहेन जातके मृतके यथा । भूमिपो द्वादशाहेन वैश्यः पञ्चदशाहतः

śuddho vipro daśāhena jātake mṛtake yathā | bhūmipo dvādaśāhena vaiśyaḥ pañcadaśāhataḥ

As a brahmin becomes pure ten days after the impurity of a birth or death, a king in twelve days, a vaishya in fifteen days —

Verse 78 (devibhagavatam.9.18.78)

शूद्रो मासेन वेदेषु मातृवद्धीनसङ्करः । अशुचिः स्त्रीजितः शुद्ध्येच्चितादहनकालतः

śūdro māsena vedeṣu mātṛvaddhīnasaṅkaraḥ | aśuciḥ strījitaḥ śuddhyeccitādahanakālataḥ

— a shudra in a month, and a person of mixed low birth as declared for the mother's line — so an impure man conquered by a woman becomes pure only at the hour of his own cremation.

Verse 79 (devibhagavatam.9.18.79)

न गह्णन्तीच्छया तस्य पितरः पिण्डतर्पणम् । न गह्णन्त्येव देवाश्च तस्य पुष्पजलादिकम्

na gahṇantīcchayā tasya pitaraḥ piṇḍatarpaṇam | na gahṇantyeva devāśca tasya puṣpajalādikam

The ancestors do not willingly accept the pinda and tarpana offered by him; and the gods too do not accept the flowers, water, and the like that he offers.

Verse 80 (devibhagavatam.9.18.80)

किं वा ज्ञानेन तपसा जपहोमप्रपूजनैः । किं विद्यया च यशसा स्त्रीभिर्यस्य मनो हृतम्

kiṁ vā jñānena tapasā japahomaprapūjanaiḥ | kiṁ vidyayā ca yaśasā strībhiryasya mano hṛtam

What use is knowledge, austerity, muttered prayer, fire-offering, and worship? What use is learning or fame, to one whose mind has been stolen away by women?

Verse 81 (devibhagavatam.9.18.81)

विद्याप्रभावज्ञानार्थं मया त्वं च परीक्षितः । कृत्वा परीक्षां कान्तस्य वृणोति कामिनी वरम्

vidyāprabhāvajñānārthaṁ mayā tvaṁ ca parīkṣitaḥ | kṛtvā parīkṣāṁ kāntasya vṛṇoti kāminī varam

I tested you only in order to know the power of your learning and knowledge; only after testing her lover does a woman rightly choose him as husband.

Verse 82 (devibhagavatam.9.18.82)

वराय गुणहीनाय वृद्धायाज्ञानिने तथा । दरिद्राय च मूर्खाय रोगिणे कुत्सिताय च

varāya guṇahīnāya vṛddhāyājñānine tathā | daridrāya ca mūrkhāya rogiṇe kutsitāya ca

To a groom devoid of virtue, or old, or ignorant; to one who is poor, or foolish, or diseased, or contemptible —

Verse 83 (devibhagavatam.9.18.83)

अत्यन्तकोपयुक्ताय वात्यन्तदुर्मुखाय च । पङ्गवे चाङ्गहीनाय चान्धाय बधिराय च

atyantakopayuktāya vātyantadurmukhāya ca | paṅgave cāṅgahīnāya cāndhāya badhirāya ca

— to one excessively wrathful, or exceedingly foul-mouthed; to a cripple, one deficient in limb, blind, or deaf —

Verse 84 (devibhagavatam.9.18.84)

जडाय चैव मूकाय क्लीबतुल्याय पापिने । ब्रह्महत्यां लभेत्सोऽपि स्वकन्यां प्रददाति यः

jaḍāya caiva mūkāya klībatulyāya pāpine | brahmahatyāṁ labhetso'pi svakanyāṁ pradadāti yaḥ

— to one dull-witted, or mute, or as good as impotent, or sinful — whoever gives his own daughter to such a man incurs a sin equal to the killing of a brahmin.

Verse 85 (devibhagavatam.9.18.85)

शान्ताय गुणिने चैव यूने च विदुषेऽपि च । साधवे च सुतां दत्त्वा दशयज्ञफलं लभेत्

śāntāya guṇine caiva yūne ca viduṣe'pi ca | sādhave ca sutāṁ dattvā daśayajñaphalaṁ labhet

But he who gives his daughter to a tranquil, virtuous, youthful, learned, and righteous man obtains the fruit of ten sacrifices.

Verse 86 (devibhagavatam.9.18.86)

यः कन्यापालनं कृत्वा करोति यदि विक्रयम् । विक्रेता धनलोभेन कुम्भीपाकं स गच्छति

yaḥ kanyāpālanaṁ kṛtvā karoti yadi vikrayam | vikretā dhanalobhena kumbhīpākaṁ sa gacchati

He who, having raised his daughter, then sells her — that seller, out of greed for wealth, goes to the hell called Kumbhipaka.

Verse 87 (devibhagavatam.9.18.87)

कन्यामूत्रं पुरीषं च तत्र भक्षति पातकी । कृमिभिर्दंशितः काकैर्यावदिन्द्राश्चतुर्दश

kanyāmūtraṁ purīṣaṁ ca tatra bhakṣati pātakī | kṛmibhirdaṁśitaḥ kākairyāvadindrāścaturdaśa

There that sinner eats the urine and excrement of his own daughter, bitten by worms and crows, for a span as long as fourteen Indras.

Verse 88 (devibhagavatam.9.18.88)

तदन्ते व्याधिसंयुक्तः स लभेज्जन्म निश्चितम् । विक्रीणाति मांसभारं वहत्येव दिवानिशम्

tadante vyādhisaṁyuktaḥ sa labhejjanma niścitam | vikrīṇāti māṁsabhāraṁ vahatyeva divāniśam

At the end of that he certainly obtains a birth afflicted with disease; he sells loads of meat and carries burdens day and night.

Verse 89 (devibhagavatam.9.18.89)

इत्येवमुक्त्वा तुलसी विरराम तपोनिधे । ब्रह्मोवाच । किं करोषि शङ्खचूड संवादमनया सह

ityevamuktvā tulasī virarāma taponidhe | brahmovāca | kiṁ karoṣi śaṅkhacūḍa saṁvādamanayā saha

Having said this, Tulasi fell silent, O treasury of austerity. Brahma said: "Shankhachuda, why do you go on conversing with her thus?

Verse 90 (devibhagavatam.9.18.90)

गान्धर्वेण विवाहेन त्वं चास्या ग्रहणं कुरु । पुरुषेष्वसि रत्नं त्वं स्त्रीषु रत्नं त्वियं सती

gāndharveṇa vivāhena tvaṁ cāsyā grahaṇaṁ kuru | puruṣeṣvasi ratnaṁ tvaṁ strīṣu ratnaṁ tviyaṁ satī

Take her in marriage by the Gandharva rite; you are the jewel among men, and this virtuous one is the jewel among women.

Verse 91 (devibhagavatam.9.18.91)

विदग्धाया विदग्धेन सङ्गमो गुणवान्भवेत् । निर्विरोधसुखं राजन् को वा त्यजति दुर्लभम्

vidagdhāyā vidagdhena saṅgamo guṇavānbhavet | nirvirodhasukhaṁ rājan ko vā tyajati durlabham

The union of the refined man with the refined woman is a blessed thing; O king, who indeed abandons such untroubled and hard-won happiness?

Verse 92 (devibhagavatam.9.18.92)

योऽविरोधसुखत्यागी स पशुर्नात्र संशयः । किं परीक्षसि त्वं कान्तमीदृशं गुणिनं सति

yo'virodhasukhatyāgī sa paśurnātra saṁśayaḥ | kiṁ parīkṣasi tvaṁ kāntamīdṛśaṁ guṇinaṁ sati

Whoever abandons such untroubled happiness is no better than a beast, without doubt; O virtuous one, why do you go on testing such a worthy lover?

Verse 93 (devibhagavatam.9.18.93)

देवानामसुराणां च दानवानां विमर्दकम् । यथा लक्ष्मीश्च लक्ष्मीशे यथा कृष्णे च राधिका

devānāmasurāṇāṁ ca dānavānāṁ vimardakam | yathā lakṣmīśca lakṣmīśe yathā kṛṣṇe ca rādhikā

He is the crusher of gods, asuras, and danavas alike. As Lakshmi is to the Lord of Lakshmi, as Radhika is to Krishna —

Verse 94 (devibhagavatam.9.18.94)

यथा मयि च सावित्री भवानी च भवे यथा । यथा धरा वराहे च दक्षिणा च यथाध्वरे

yathā mayi ca sāvitrī bhavānī ca bhave yathā | yathā dharā varāhe ca dakṣiṇā ca yathādhvare

— as Savitri is to me, as Bhavani is to Shiva; as Dhara is to Varaha, as Dakshina is to the sacrifice —

Verse 95 (devibhagavatam.9.18.95)

द्यथात्रेरनसूया च दमयन्ती यथा नले । रोहिणी च यथा चन्द्रे यथा कामे रतिः सती

dyathātreranasūyā ca damayantī yathā nale | rohiṇī ca yathā candre yathā kāme ratiḥ satī

— as Anasuya is to Atri, as Damayanti is to Nala; as Rohini is to the Moon, as virtuous Rati is to Kama —

Verse 96 (devibhagavatam.9.18.96)

यथादितिः कश्यपे च वसिष्ठेऽरुन्धती सखी । यथाहल्या गौतमे च देवहूतिश्च कर्दमे

yathāditiḥ kaśyape ca vasiṣṭhe'rundhatī sakhī | yathāhalyā gautame ca devahūtiśca kardame

— as Aditi is to Kashyapa, as the companion Arundhati is to Vasishtha; as Ahalya is to Gautama, as Devahuti is to Kardama —

Verse 97 (devibhagavatam.9.18.97)

यथा बृहस्पतौ तारा शतरूपा मनौ यथा । यथा च दक्षिणा यज्ञे यथा स्वाहा हुताशने

yathā bṛhaspatau tārā śatarūpā manau yathā | yathā ca dakṣiṇā yajñe yathā svāhā hutāśane

— as Tara is to Brihaspati, as Shatarupa is to Manu; as Dakshina is to sacrifice, as Svaha is to Fire —

Verse 98 (devibhagavatam.9.18.98)

यथा शची महेन्द्रे च यथा पुष्टिर्गणेश्वरे । देवसेना यथा स्कन्दे धर्मे भूर्तिर्यथा सती

yathā śacī mahendre ca yathā puṣṭirgaṇeśvare | devasenā yathā skande dharme bhūrtiryathā satī

— as Shachi is to great Indra, as Pushti is to the Lord of the Ganas; as Devasena is to Skanda, as virtuous Murti is to Dharma —

Verse 99 (devibhagavatam.9.18.99)

सौभाग्या सुप्रिया त्वं च शङ्खचूडे तथा भव । अनेन सार्धं सुचिरं सुन्दरेण च सुन्दरि

saubhāgyā supriyā tvaṁ ca śaṅkhacūḍe tathā bhava | anena sārdhaṁ suciraṁ sundareṇa ca sundari

— so, O most fortunate one, may you become dearly beloved to Shankhachuda; and with this beautiful one, O beauty, for a long while —

Verse 100 (devibhagavatam.9.18.100)

स्थाने स्थाने विहारं च यथेच्छं कुरु सन्ततम् । पश्चात्प्राप्यसि गोलोके श्रीकृष्णं पुनरेव च । चतुर्भुजं च वैकुण्ठे शङ्खचूडे मृते सति

sthāne sthāne vihāraṁ ca yathecchaṁ kuru santatam | paścātprāpyasi goloke śrīkṛṣṇaṁ punareva ca | caturbhujaṁ ca vaikuṇṭhe śaṅkhacūḍe mṛte sati

— sport freely, wherever you please, continually; and afterward, once Shankhachuda has died, you shall attain, once more, Sri Krishna in Goloka, and the four-armed form in Vaikuntha."