The Sons and Daughters of Duhsaha

Verse 1 (markandeya.51.1)

मार्कण्डेय उवाच दुः सहस्याभवद्भार्या निर्माष्टिर्नाम नामतः । जाता कलेस्तु भार्यायामृतौ चाण्डालदर्शनात् ॥ 51.1 ॥

mārkaṇḍeya uvāca duḥ sahasyābhavadbhāryā nirmāṣṭirnāma nāmataḥ jātā kalestu bhāryāyāmṛtau cāṇḍāladarśanāt

Markandeya said: Duhsaha's wife was named Nirmashti. She was born to Kali's wife during her fertile season, through the sight of a chandala.

Verse 2 (markandeya.51.2)

तयोरपत्यान्यभवने जगद्व्यापीनि षोडश । अष्टौ कुमाराः कन्याश्च तथाष्टावतिभीषणाः ॥ 51.2 ॥

tayorapatyānyabhavane jagadvyāpīni ṣoḍaśa aṣṭau kumārāḥ kanyāśca tathāṣṭāvatibhīṣaṇāḥ

To that couple were born sixteen offspring, pervading the whole world — eight sons, and eight daughters of a most terrible nature.

Verse 3 (markandeya.51.3)

तन्ताकृष्टिस्तथोक्तिश्च परिवर्तस्तथापरः । अङ्गध्रुक् शकुनिश्चैव गण्डप्रान्तरतिस्तथा ॥ 51.3 ॥

tantākṛṣṭistathoktiśca parivartastathāparaḥ aṅgadhruk śakuniścaiva gaṇḍaprāntaratistathā

Dantakrishti (Tooth-Grinder), and Ukti (Utterance), and another named Parivarta (Reverser); Angadhruk (Limb-Afflicter), and Shakuni (Bird-Omen), and Gandaprantarati (Dweller-in-Danger-Junctures) —

Verse 4 (markandeya.51.4)

गर्भहा सस्यहा चान्यः कुमारास्तनयास्तयोः । कन्याश्चान्यास्तथैवाष्टौ तासां नामानि मे शृणु ॥ 51.4 ॥

garbhahā sasyahā cānyaḥ kumārāstanayāstayoḥ kanyāścānyāstathaivāṣṭau tāsāṁ nāmāni me śṛṇu

Garbhaha (Fetus-Destroyer) and Sasyaha (Crop-Destroyer) — these were their other sons. Likewise there were eight further daughters; hear their names from me.

Verse 5 (markandeya.51.5)

नियोजिका वै प्रथमा तथैवान्या विरोधिनी । स्वयंहारकरी चैव भ्रामणी ऋतुहारिका ॥ 51.5 ॥

niyojikā vai prathamā tathaivānyā virodhinī svayaṁhārakarī caiva bhrāmaṇī ṛtuhārikā

First was Niyojika (the Compeller); then Virodhini (the Discord-Sower); Svayamharakari (the Self-Thief), and Bhramani (the Wanderer-Inducer), and Ritu­harika (the Season-Snatcher) —

Verse 6 (markandeya.51.6)

स्मृतिबीजहरे चान्ये तयोः कन्येऽतिदारुणे । विद्वेषण्यष्टमी नाम कन्या लोकभयावहा ॥ 51.6 ॥

smṛtibījahare cānye tayoḥ kanye'tidāruṇe vidveṣaṇyaṣṭamī nāma kanyā lokabhayāvahā

Two other, most dreadful, daughters were the stealers of memory and of seed; and the eighth daughter was named Vidveshani (the Alienator), who brings fear upon the world.

Verse 7 (markandeya.51.7)

एतासां कर्म वक्ष्यामि दोषप्रशमनञ्च यत् । अष्टानाञ्च कुमाराणां श्रुयतां द्विजसत्तम ॥ 51.7 ॥

etāsāṁ karma vakṣyāmi doṣapraśamanañca yat aṣṭānāñca kumārāṇāṁ śruyatāṁ dvijasattama

I shall now describe the deeds of these, and also the means of pacifying each affliction. Hear first, O best of the twice-born, of the eight sons.

Verse 8 (markandeya.51.8)

दन्ताकृष्टिः प्रसुप्तानां बालानां दशनस्थितः । करोति दन्तसंघर्षं चिकीर्षुर्दुः सहागमम् ॥ 51.8 ॥

dantākṛṣṭiḥ prasuptānāṁ bālānāṁ daśanasthitaḥ karoti dantasaṁgharṣaṁ cikīrṣurduḥ sahāgamam

Dantakrishti lodges in the teeth of sleeping children and, wishing to bring on his father Duhsaha's affliction, causes the grinding of teeth.

Verse 9 (markandeya.51.9)

तस्योपशमनं कार्यं सुप्तस्य सितसर्षपैः । शयनस्योपरि क्षिप्तैर्मानुषैर्दशनोपरि ॥ 51.9 ॥

tasyopaśamanaṁ kāryaṁ suptasya sitasarṣapaiḥ śayanasyopari kṣiptairmānuṣairdaśanopari

For the pacification of the sleeping child, white mustard seeds should be scattered by human hands over the bed and over the teeth.

Verse 10 (markandeya.51.10)

सुवार्च्चलौषधीस्नानात्तथा सच्छास्त्रकीर्तनात् । उष्ट्रकण्टकखड्गास्थि-क्षौमवस्त्रविधारणात् ॥ 51.10 ॥

suvārccalauṣadhīsnānāttathā sacchāstrakīrtanāt uṣṭrakaṇṭakakhaḍgāsthi-kṣaumavastravidhāraṇāt

Bathing with the suvarchala herb, recitation of good scriptures, and the wearing of camel-thorn, a sword, bone, or a linen cloth also bring about his pacification.

Verse 11 (markandeya.51.11)

तिष्ठत्यन्यकुमारस्तु तथास्त्त्वित्यसकृद् ब्रुवन् । शुभाशुभे नृणां युङ्क्ते तथोक्तिस्तच्च नान्यथा ॥ 51.11 ॥

tiṣṭhatyanyakumārastu tathāsttvityasakṛd bruvan śubhāśubhe nṛṇāṁ yuṅkte tathoktistacca nānyathā

Another son remains, repeatedly saying 'so be it'; he attaches good or ill to men according to what is spoken, and his utterance never fails to come true.

Verse 12 (markandeya.51.12)

तस्माददुष्टं मङ्गल्यं वक्तव्यं पण्डितैः सदा । दुष्टे श्रुते तथैवोक्ते कीर्तनीयो जनार्दनः ॥ 51.12 ॥

tasmādaduṣṭaṁ maṅgalyaṁ vaktavyaṁ paṇḍitaiḥ sadā duṣṭe śrute tathaivokte kīrtanīyo janārdanaḥ

Therefore the learned should always speak only pure, auspicious words; and if something inauspicious is heard or uttered, Janardana should at once be praised.

Verse 13 (markandeya.51.13)

चराचरगुरुर्ब्रह्मा या यस्य कुलदेवता । अन्यगर्भे परान् गर्भान् सदैव परिवर्तयन् ॥ 51.13 ॥

carācaragururbrahmā yā yasya kuladevatā anyagarbhe parān garbhān sadaiva parivartayan

Taking the guise of Brahma, guru of all that moves and moves not, or of one's own family deity, this spirit constantly reverses the fetuses within the wombs of others.

Verse 14 (markandeya.51.14)

रतिमाप्नोति वाक्यञ्च विवक्षोरन्यदेव यत् । परिवर्तकसंज्ञोऽयं तस्यापि सितसर्षपैः ॥ 51.14 ॥

ratimāpnoti vākyañca vivakṣoranyadeva yat parivartakasaṁjño'yaṁ tasyāpi sitasarṣapaiḥ

He also takes pleasure when a speaker means to say one thing and something else altogether comes out; he is known as Parivartaka, and his pacification too is achieved with white mustard seeds.

Verse 15 (markandeya.51.15)

रक्षोघ्नमन्त्रजप्यैश्च रक्षां कुर्वोत तत्त्ववित् । अन्यश्चानिलवन्नृणामङ्गेषु स्फुरणोदितम् ॥ 51.15 ॥

rakṣoghnamantrajapyaiśca rakṣāṁ kurvota tattvavit anyaścānilavannṛṇāmaṅgeṣu sphuraṇoditam

A man versed in truth should protect against him through the recitation of demon-destroying mantras. Yet another son arises, like the wind, as a throbbing in men's limbs,

Verse 16 (markandeya.51.16)

शुभाशुभं समाचष्टे कुशैस्तस्याङ्गताडनम् । काकादिपक्षिसंस्थोऽन्यः श्वादेरङ्गगतोऽपि वा ॥ 51.16 ॥

śubhāśubhaṁ samācaṣṭe kuśaistasyāṅgatāḍanam kākādipakṣisaṁstho'nyaḥ śvāderaṅgagato'pi vā

signalling good or ill; that limb should be struck with kusha grass. Another, dwelling in crows and similar birds, or entering the limbs of dogs and the like,

Verse 17 (markandeya.51.17)

शुभाशुभञ्च शकुनिः कुमारोऽन्यो ब्रवीति वै । तत्रापि दुष्टे व्याक्षेपः प्रारम्भत्याग एव च ॥ 51.17 ॥

śubhāśubhañca śakuniḥ kumāro'nyo bravīti vai tatrāpi duṣṭe vyākṣepaḥ prārambhatyāga eva ca

declares good or ill fortune; that son is Shakuni. There too, if the omen is inauspicious, the undertaking should be interrupted or abandoned.

Verse 18 (markandeya.51.18)

शुभे द्रुततरं कार्यमिति प्राह प्रजापतिः । गण्डान्तेषु स्थितश्चान्यो मुहूर्तार्धं द्विजोत्तम ॥ 51.18 ॥

śubhe drutataraṁ kāryamiti prāha prajāpatiḥ gaṇḍānteṣu sthitaścānyo muhūrtārdhaṁ dvijottama

Prajapati has declared that if the omen is auspicious, the task should be undertaken all the more swiftly. Another son abides, for half a muhurta, in the gandanta junctures, O best of the twice-born.

Verse 19 (markandeya.51.19)

सर्वारम्भान् कुमारोऽत्ति शस्ताताञ्चानसूयताम् । विप्रोक्त्या देवतास्तुत्या मूलोत्खातेन च द्विज ॥ 51.19 ॥

sarvārambhān kumāro'tti śastātāñcānasūyatām viproktyā devatāstutyā mūlotkhātena ca dvija

This Gandaprantarati devours all undertakings, even those of the praiseworthy who bear no envy; through brahmin recitation, through praise of the gods, through uprooting the affliction at its root,

Verse 20 (markandeya.51.20)

गोमूत्रसर्षपस्त्रानैस्तदृक्षग्रहपूजनैः । पुनश्च धर्मोपनिषत्करणैः शास्त्रदर्शनैः ॥ 51.20 ॥

gomūtrasarṣapastrānaistadṛkṣagrahapūjanaiḥ punaśca dharmopaniṣatkaraṇaiḥ śāstradarśanaiḥ

through bathing with cow-urine and mustard, through worship of the presiding constellation and planet, and through performing the dharma-upanishad rites and studying the scriptures,

Verse 21 (markandeya.51.21)

अनज्ञया जन्मनश्च प्रशमं याति गण्डवान् । गर्भे स्त्रीणां तथान्यस्तु फलनाशी सुदारुणः ॥ 51.21 ॥

anajñayā janmanaśca praśamaṁ yāti gaṇḍavān garbhe strīṇāṁ tathānyastu phalanāśī sudāruṇaḥ

through unceasing vigilance from birth, one afflicted by gandanta attains peace. And in the wombs of women dwells another, most dreadful, destroyer of the fruit of conception.

Verse 22 (markandeya.51.22)

तस्य रक्षा सदा कार्या नित्यं शौचनिषेवणात् । प्रसिद्धमन्त्रलिखनाच्छस्तमाल्यादिधारणात् ॥ 51.22 ॥

tasya rakṣā sadā kāryā nityaṁ śaucaniṣevaṇāt prasiddhamantralikhanācchastamālyādidhāraṇāt

Protection against him should always be maintained — through the constant practice of purity, through wearing well-known mantras written as amulets, and through wearing auspicious garlands and the like,

Verse 23 (markandeya.51.23)

विशुद्धगेहावसथादनायासाच्च वै द्विज । तथैव सस्यहा चान्यः सस्यर्धिमुपहन्ति यः ॥ 51.23 ॥

viśuddhagehāvasathādanāyāsācca vai dvija tathaiva sasyahā cānyaḥ sasyardhimupahanti yaḥ

through dwelling in a purified home, and through avoiding exertion, O twice-born. Likewise the other son, Sasyaha, destroys the prosperity of the crops,

Verse 24 (markandeya.51.24)

तस्यापि रक्षां कुर्वोत जीर्णोपानद्विधारणात् । तथापसव्यगमनाच्छाण्डालस्य प्रवेशनात् ॥ 51.24 ॥

tasyāpi rakṣāṁ kurvota jīrṇopānadvidhāraṇāt tathāpasavyagamanācchāṇḍālasya praveśanāt

and protection against him too should be maintained — through wearing worn-out shoes, through moving in the reverse direction, through the entry of a chandala,

Verse 25 (markandeya.51.25)

बहिर्बलिप्रदानाच्च सोमाम्बुपरिकीर्तनात् । परदारपहद्रव्यहरणादिषु मानवान् ॥ 51.25 ॥

bahirbalipradānācca somāmbuparikīrtanāt paradārapahadravyaharaṇādiṣu mānavān

through offering bali outside the house, and through invoking the water of soma. Toward men bent on adultery, on stealing others' wealth, and the like,

Verse 26 (markandeya.51.26)

नियोजयति चैवान्यान् कन्या सा च नियोजिका । तस्याः पवित्रपठनात् क्रोधलोभादिवर्जनात् ॥ 51.26 ॥

niyojayati caivānyān kanyā sā ca niyojikā tasyāḥ pavitrapaṭhanāt krodhalobhādivarjanāt

that maiden ceaselessly incites other men; she is Niyojika. Protection from her comes through the recitation of purifying mantras, and through renouncing anger, greed, and the like.

Verse 27 (markandeya.51.27)

नियोजयति मामिष्टविरोधाच्च विवर्जनम् । आक्रुष्टोऽन्येन मन्येत ताडितो वा नियोजिका ॥ 51.27 ॥

niyojayati māmiṣṭavirodhācca vivarjanam ākruṣṭo'nyena manyeta tāḍito vā niyojikā

'She impels me toward opposing what is dear, and toward abandoning it' — when a man is reviled or struck by another, he should think it is Niyojika who compels this.

Verse 28 (markandeya.51.28)

नियोजयत्येनमिति न गच्छेत्तद्वशं बुधः । परदारादिसंसर्गे चित्तमात्मानमेव च ॥ 51.28 ॥

niyojayatyenamiti na gacchettadvaśaṁ budhaḥ paradārādisaṁsarge cittamātmānameva ca

Knowing 'it is she who impels me,' the wise man should not fall under her sway. Even in contact with another's wife and the like, let him examine only his own mind and self,

Verse 29 (markandeya.51.29)

नियोजयत्यत्र सा मामिति प्राज्ञो विचिन्तयेत् । विरोधं कुरुते चान्या दम्पत्योः प्रीयमाणयोः ॥ 51.29 ॥

niyojayatyatra sā māmiti prājño vicintayet virodhaṁ kurute cānyā dampatyoḥ prīyamāṇayoḥ

and the wise man should reflect: 'it is she who impels me here.' Another daughter creates discord even between a loving husband and wife,

Verse 30 (markandeya.51.30)

बन्धूनां सुहृदां पित्रोः पुत्रैः सावर्णिकैश्च या । विरोधिनी सा तद्रक्षां कुर्वोत बलिकर्मणा ॥ 51.30 ॥

bandhūnāṁ suhṛdāṁ pitroḥ putraiḥ sāvarṇikaiśca yā virodhinī sā tadrakṣāṁ kurvota balikarmaṇā

and among kinsmen, well-wishers, parents, and half-brothers as well — she is Virodhini; protection against her should be made through the rite of bali-offering,

Verse 31 (markandeya.51.31)

तथातिवादसहनाच्छास्त्राचारनिषेवणात् । धान्यं खलाद् गृहाद् गोभ्यः पयः सर्पिस्तथापरा ॥ 51.31 ॥

tathātivādasahanācchāstrācāraniṣevaṇāt dhānyaṁ khalād gṛhād gobhyaḥ payaḥ sarpistathāparā

through enduring harsh words with patience, and through observing scriptural conduct. Svayamharakari steals grain from the threshing-floor, and from the house, and milk and ghee from cows,

Verse 32 (markandeya.51.32)

समृद्धिमृद्धिमद्द्रव्यादपहिन्ति च कन्यका । सा स्वयंहारिकेत्युक्ता सदान्तर्धानतत्परा ॥ 51.32 ॥

samṛddhimṛddhimaddravyādapahinti ca kanyakā sā svayaṁhāriketyuktā sadāntardhānatatparā

and also carries off the abundance of prosperous households; that maiden is called Svayamharika, ever intent on remaining unseen.

Verse 33 (markandeya.51.33)

महानसादर्धसिद्धमन्नागारस्थितं तथा । परिविश्यमाणञ्च सदा सार्धं भुङ्क्ते च भुञ्जता ॥ 51.33 ॥

mahānasādardhasiddhamannāgārasthitaṁ tathā pariviśyamāṇañca sadā sārdhaṁ bhuṅkte ca bhuñjatā

From the kitchen she takes half-cooked food, food stored in the pantry, and food being served — sitting down, as it were, to eat alongside the one who eats,

Verse 34 (markandeya.51.34)

उच्छेषणं मनुष्याणां हरत्यन्नञ्च दुर्हरा । कर्मान्तागारशालाभ्यः सिद्धर्धि हरति द्विज ॥ 51.34 ॥

uccheṣaṇaṁ manuṣyāṇāṁ haratyannañca durharā karmāntāgāraśālābhyaḥ siddhardhi harati dvija

and steals even the leftover food of men, which is hard to detect; from workshops and storehouses too she carries away accumulated wealth, O twice-born.

Verse 35 (markandeya.51.35)

गोस्त्रीस्तनेभ्यश्च पयः क्षीरहारी सदैव सा । दध्नो घृतं तिलात्तैलं सुरागारात्तथा सुराम् ॥ 51.35 ॥

gostrīstanebhyaśca payaḥ kṣīrahārī sadaiva sā dadhno ghṛtaṁ tilāttailaṁ surāgārāttathā surām

From the udders of cows and women she is ever the thief of milk; from curd she steals ghee, from sesame the oil, and from the wine-house the wine as well,

Verse 36 (markandeya.51.36)

रागं कुसुम्भकादीनां कार्पासात् सूत्रमेव च । सा स्वयंहारिका नाम हरत्यविरतं द्विज ॥ 51.36 ॥

rāgaṁ kusumbhakādīnāṁ kārpāsāt sūtrameva ca sā svayaṁhārikā nāma haratyavirataṁ dvija

the dye of safflower and the like, and thread from cotton — this maiden named Svayamharika steals unceasingly, O twice-born.

Verse 37 (markandeya.51.37)

कुर्याच्छिखण्डिनोर्द्वन्द्वं रक्षार्थं कुत्रिमां स्त्रियम् । रक्षाश्चैव गृहे लेख्या वर्ज्याचो च्छिष्टता तथा ॥ 51.37 ॥

kuryācchikhaṇḍinordvandvaṁ rakṣārthaṁ kutrimāṁ striyam rakṣāścaiva gṛhe lekhyā varjyāco cchiṣṭatā tathā

For protection, one should set up a pair of peacock figures, or a decoy figure of a woman; protective marks should be written in the house, and leftover scraps should be cleared away,

Verse 38 (markandeya.51.38)

होमाग्निदेवताधूपभस्मना च परिष्क्रिया । कार्या क्षीरादिभाण्डानामेवं तद्रक्षणं स्मृतम् ॥ 51.38 ॥

homāgnidevatādhūpabhasmanā ca pariṣkriyā kāryā kṣīrādibhāṇḍānāmevaṁ tadrakṣaṇaṁ smṛtam

and the vessels of milk and the like should be purified with the sacrificial fire, the deities, incense and ash — this is the prescribed protection against her.

Verse 39 (markandeya.51.39)

उद्वेगं जनयत्यन्या एकस्थाननिवासिनः । पुरुषस्य तु या प्रोक्ता भ्रामणी सा तु कन्यका ॥ 51.39 ॥

udvegaṁ janayatyanyā ekasthānanivāsinaḥ puruṣasya tu yā proktā bhrāmaṇī sā tu kanyakā

Another maiden causes restlessness in a man who dwells overlong in a single place; that maiden is called, for such a man, Bhramani (the Wanderer).

Verse 40 (markandeya.51.40)

तस्याथ रक्षां कुर्वोत विक्षिप्तैः सितसर्षपैः । आसने शयने चोर्व्यां यत्रास्ते स तु मानवः ॥ 51.40 ॥

tasyātha rakṣāṁ kurvota vikṣiptaiḥ sitasarṣapaiḥ āsane śayane corvyāṁ yatrāste sa tu mānavaḥ

Protection against her too is made by scattering white mustard seeds — on the seat, on the bed, or on the ground, wherever that man may be.

Verse 41 (markandeya.51.41)

चिन्तयेच्च नरः पापा मामेषा दुष्टचेतना । भ्रामयत्यसकृज्जप्यं भुवः सूक्तं समाधिना ॥ 51.41 ॥

cintayecca naraḥ pāpā māmeṣā duṣṭacetanā bhrāmayatyasakṛjjapyaṁ bhuvaḥ sūktaṁ samādhinā

Let the erring man think, 'It is this evil-minded one who makes me wander,' and repeatedly recite, with focused mind, the Bhu-sukta, the hymn to the Earth.

Verse 42 (markandeya.51.42)

स्त्रीणां पुष्पं हरत्यन्या प्रवृत्तं सा तु कन्यका । तथाप्रवृत्तं सा ज्ञेया दौः सहा ऋतहारिका ॥ 51.42 ॥

strīṇāṁ puṣpaṁ haratyanyā pravṛttaṁ sā tu kanyakā tathāpravṛttaṁ sā jñeyā dauḥ sahā ṛtahārikā

Another daughter steals the menstrual flow of women once it has come; and she who likewise steals it before it has come is to be known as Ritu­harika, the Duhsaha-born season-stealer.

Verse 43 (markandeya.51.43)

कुर्वोत तीर्थदेवौकश्चैत्यपर्वतसानुषु । नदीसङ्गमखातेषु स्त्रपनं तत्प्रशान्यते ॥ 51.43 ॥

kurvota tīrthadevaukaścaityaparvatasānuṣu nadīsaṅgamakhāteṣu strapanaṁ tatpraśānyate

Bathing at the abodes of holy places and temples, at shrines and mountain ridges, and at river-confluences and pools brings her pacification,

Verse 44 (markandeya.51.44)

मन्त्रवित् कृततत्त्वज्ञः पर्वसूषसि च द्विज । चिकित्साज्ञश्च वै वैद्यः संप्रयुक्तैर्वरौषधैः ॥ 51.44 ॥

mantravit kṛtatattvajñaḥ parvasūṣasi ca dvija cikitsājñaśca vai vaidyaḥ saṁprayuktairvarauṣadhaiḥ

through one versed in mantras and truth acting at the dawn of a sacred parvan, O twice-born, and through a physician skilled in the proper application of fine medicines.

Verse 45 (markandeya.51.45)

स्मृतिञ्चापहरत्यन्या स्त्रीणां सा स्मृतिहारिका । विविक्तदेशसेवित्वात्तस्याश्चोपशमो भवेत् ॥ 51.45 ॥

smṛtiñcāpaharatyanyā strīṇāṁ sā smṛtihārikā viviktadeśasevitvāttasyāścopaśamo bhavet

Another daughter steals the memory of women; she is Smritiharika. Dwelling in a solitary place brings about her pacification.

Verse 46 (markandeya.51.46)

बीजापहारिणी चान्या स्त्रीपुंसोरतिभीषणा । मेध्यान्नभोजनैः स्नानैस्तस्याश्चोपशमो भवेत ॥ 51.46 ॥

bījāpahāriṇī cānyā strīpuṁsoratibhīṣaṇā medhyānnabhojanaiḥ snānaistasyāścopaśamo bhaveta

Another, the seed-stealing daughter, is most dreadful to both woman and man alike; her pacification comes through eating pure food and through bathing.

Verse 47 (markandeya.51.47)

अष्टमी द्वेषणी नाम कन्या लोकभयावहा । या करोति जनद्विष्टं नरं नारीमथापि वा ॥ 51.47 ॥

aṣṭamī dveṣaṇī nāma kanyā lokabhayāvahā yā karoti janadviṣṭaṁ naraṁ nārīmathāpi vā

The eighth daughter is named Dveshani, bringing fear upon the world; she makes a man, or likewise a woman, hated by other people.

Verse 48 (markandeya.51.48)

मधुक्षीरघृताक्तांस्तु शान्त्यर्थं होमयेत्तिलान् । कुर्वोत मित्रविन्दाञ्च तथेष्टिन्तत् प्रशान्यते ॥ 51.48 ॥

madhukṣīraghṛtāktāṁstu śāntyarthaṁ homayettilān kurvota mitravindāñca tatheṣṭintat praśānyate

For her pacification, sesame seeds smeared with honey, milk and ghee should be offered in oblation, and the Mitravinda rite performed — by this she is appeased.

Verse 49 (markandeya.51.49)

एतेषान्तु कुमाराणां कन्यानां द्विजसत्तम । अष्टत्रिंशदपत्यानि तेषां नामानि मे शृणु ॥ 51.49 ॥

eteṣāntu kumārāṇāṁ kanyānāṁ dvijasattama aṣṭatriṁśadapatyāni teṣāṁ nāmāni me śṛṇu

O best of the twice-born, the offspring of these sons and daughters number thirty-eight; hear their names from me.

Verse 50 (markandeya.51.50)

दन्ताकृष्टेरभूत् कन्या विजल्पा कलहा तथा । अवज्ञानृतदुष्टोक्तिर्विजल्पा तत्प्रशान्तये ॥ 51.50 ॥

dantākṛṣṭerabhūt kanyā vijalpā kalahā tathā avajñānṛtaduṣṭoktirvijalpā tatpraśāntaye

From Dantakrishti were born two daughters, Vijalpa and Kalaha. Vijalpa causes contemptuous, false, and malicious speech; for her pacification —

Verse 51 (markandeya.51.51)

तामेव चिन्तयेत् प्राज्ञः प्रयतश्च गृही भवेत् । कलहा कलहं गेहे करोत्यविरतं नृणाम् ॥ 51.51 ॥

tāmeva cintayet prājñaḥ prayataśca gṛhī bhavet kalahā kalahaṁ gehe karotyavirataṁ nṛṇām

the wise householder, contemplating her alone, should remain self-restrained. Kalaha ceaselessly stirs up quarrel among men within the household,

Verse 52 (markandeya.51.52)

कुटुम्बनाशहेतुः सा तत्प्रशान्तिं निशामय । दूर्वाङ्कुरान्मधुघृतक्षीराक्तान् बलिकर्मणि ॥ 51.52 ॥

kuṭumbanāśahetuḥ sā tatpraśāntiṁ niśāmaya dūrvāṅkurānmadhughṛtakṣīrāktān balikarmaṇi

and she becomes the cause of a family's ruin; hear her pacification — durva grass-shoots smeared with honey, ghee, and milk, in the rite of bali,

Verse 53 (markandeya.51.53)

विक्षिपेज्जुहुयाच्चैवानलं मित्रञ्च कीर्तयेत् । भूतानां मातृभिः सार्धं बालकानान्तु शान्तये ॥ 51.53 ॥

vikṣipejjuhuyāccaivānalaṁ mitrañca kīrtayet bhūtānāṁ mātṛbhiḥ sārdhaṁ bālakānāntu śāntaye

should be scattered and offered into the fire, and one's friendly deity invoked — together with the Bhutas and the Mother-goddesses, for the peace of children.

Verse 54 (markandeya.51.54)

विद्यानां तपसाञ्चैव संयमस्य यमस्य च । कृष्यां वाणिज्यलाभे च शान्तिं कुर्वन्तु मे सदा ॥ 51.54 ॥

vidyānāṁ tapasāñcaiva saṁyamasya yamasya ca kṛṣyāṁ vāṇijyalābhe ca śāntiṁ kurvantu me sadā

May they ever grant me peace in learning, in austerity, in self-restraint and discipline, in agriculture, and in the gains of trade.

Verse 55 (markandeya.51.55)

पूजिताश्च यथान्यायं तुष्टिं गच्छन्तु सर्वशः । कुष्माण्डा यातुधानाश्च ये चान्ये गणसंज्ञिताः ॥ 51.55 ॥

pūjitāśca yathānyāyaṁ tuṣṭiṁ gacchantu sarvaśaḥ kuṣmāṇḍā yātudhānāśca ye cānye gaṇasaṁjñitāḥ

Being duly worshipped, may all of them attain full contentment — the Kushmandas, the Yatudhanas, and whatever other beings are called ganas,

Verse 56 (markandeya.51.56)

महादेवप्रसादेन महेश्वरमतेन च । सर्व एते नृणां नित्यं तुष्टिमाशु व्रजन्तु ते ॥ 51.56 ॥

mahādevaprasādena maheśvaramatena ca sarva ete nṛṇāṁ nityaṁ tuṣṭimāśu vrajantu te

by the grace of Mahadeva and by the will of Maheshvara — may all these ever swiftly come to feel contentment toward men.

Verse 57 (markandeya.51.57)

तुष्टाः सर्वं निरस्यन्तु दुष्कृतं दुरनुष्ठितम् । महापताकजं सर्वं यच्चान्यद्विघ्नकारणम् ॥ 51.57 ॥

tuṣṭāḥ sarvaṁ nirasyantu duṣkṛtaṁ duranuṣṭhitam mahāpatākajaṁ sarvaṁ yaccānyadvighnakāraṇam

Being satisfied, may they cast away every evil deed, every wrong observance, all that springs from grave transgression, and whatever else is a cause of obstruction.

Verse 58 (markandeya.51.58)

तेषामेव प्रसादेन विघ्ना नश्यन्तु सर्वशः । उद्वाहेषु च सर्वेषु वृद्धिकर्मंसु चैव हि ॥ 51.58 ॥

teṣāmeva prasādena vighnā naśyantu sarvaśaḥ udvāheṣu ca sarveṣu vṛddhikarmaṁsu caiva hi

By their grace alone may all obstacles be destroyed — in every wedding, and in all rites of increase and prosperity,

Verse 59 (markandeya.51.59)

पुण्यानुष्ठानयोगेषु गुरुदेवार्चनेषु च । जपयज्ञविधानेषु यात्रासु च चतुर्दश ॥ 51.59 ॥

puṇyānuṣṭhānayogeṣu gurudevārcaneṣu ca japayajñavidhāneṣu yātrāsu ca caturdaśa

in every meritorious observance, in the worship of guru and god, in the performance of japa and yajna, and in the fourteen kinds of sacred journeys,

Verse 60 (markandeya.51.60)

शरीरारोग्यभोग्येषु सुखदानधनेषु च । वृद्धबालातुरेष्वेव शान्तिं कुर्वन्तु मे सदा ॥ 51.60 ॥

śarīrārogyabhogyeṣu sukhadānadhaneṣu ca vṛddhabālātureṣveva śāntiṁ kurvantu me sadā

in bodily health and enjoyment, in the giving of comfort and wealth — for the aged, the young, and the sick as well, may they ever grant me peace.

Verse 61 (markandeya.51.61)

सोमाम्बुपौ तथाम्भोधिः सविता चानिलानलौ । तथोक्तेः कालजिह्वोऽभूत् पुत्रस्तालनिकेतनः ॥ 51.61 ॥

somāmbupau tathāmbhodhiḥ savitā cānilānalau tathokteḥ kālajihvo'bhūt putrastālaniketanaḥ

Thus it is said — from Ukti (Utterance) was born a son named Kalajihva (Time-Tongue), who takes his dwelling upon the palate.

Verse 62 (markandeya.51.62)

स येषां रसनासंस्थास्तानसाधून् विबाधते । परिवर्तसुतौ द्वौ तु विरूपविकृतौ द्विज ॥ 51.62 ॥

sa yeṣāṁ rasanāsaṁsthāstānasādhūn vibādhate parivartasutau dvau tu virūpavikṛtau dvija

Whoever's tongue he takes his seat upon, those wicked men he afflicts. Parivarta has two sons, misshapen and deformed, O twice-born,

Verse 63 (markandeya.51.63)

तौ तु वृक्षाग्रपरिखाप्राकाराम्भोधिसंश्रयौ । गुर्विण्याः परिवर्तन्तौ कुरुतः पादपाणिषु ॥ 51.63 ॥

tau tu vṛkṣāgraparikhāprākārāmbhodhisaṁśrayau gurviṇyāḥ parivartantau kurutaḥ pādapāṇiṣu

who, taking refuge in a treetop, a ditch, a rampart, or the ocean, use their hands and feet to reverse the fetus of a pregnant woman.

Verse 64 (markandeya.51.64)

क्रौष्टुके परिवर्तःस्यात् गर्भस्यान्योदरात्ततः । न वृक्षं चैव नैवाद्रिं न प्राकारं महोदधिम् ॥ 51.64 ॥

krauṣṭuke parivartaḥsyāt garbhasyānyodarāttataḥ na vṛkṣaṁ caiva naivādriṁ na prākāraṁ mahodadhim

Thereafter that reversal of the fetus occurs from within another's womb. If a weak, pregnant woman does not step over a tree, a hill, a rampart, or a great ocean,

Verse 65 (markandeya.51.65)

परिखां वा समाक्रामेदबला गर्भधारिणी । अङ्गध्रुक् तनयं लेभे पिशुनं नाम नामतः ॥ 51.65 ॥

parikhāṁ vā samākrāmedabalā garbhadhāriṇī aṅgadhruk tanayaṁ lebhe piśunaṁ nāma nāmataḥ

nor a ditch, she remains safe. Angadhruk obtained a son named Pishuna (the Slanderer).

Verse 66 (markandeya.51.66)

सोऽस्थिमज्जागतः पुंसां बलमत्त्यजितात्मनाम् । श्येन-काक-कपोतांश्च गृध्रोलूकैश्च वै सुतान् ॥ 51.66 ॥

so'sthimajjāgataḥ puṁsāṁ balamattyajitātmanām śyena-kāka-kapotāṁśca gṛdhrolūkaiśca vai sutān

Dwelling in the bones and marrow, he saps the strength of men who have not mastered themselves. He obtained five sons in the forms of the hawk, the crow, the dove, the vulture, and the owl.

Verse 67 (markandeya.51.67)

अवाप शकुनिः पञ्च जगृहुस्तान् सुरासुराः । श्येनं जग्राह मृत्युश्च काकं कालो गृहीतवान् ॥ 51.67 ॥

avāpa śakuniḥ pañca jagṛhustān surāsurāḥ śyenaṁ jagrāha mṛtyuśca kākaṁ kālo gṛhītavān

These five were each seized by a deity or spirit — the hawk was taken by Mrityu (Death), and the crow was taken by Kala (Time),

Verse 68 (markandeya.51.68)

उलूकं निरृतिश्चैव जग्राहातिभयावहम् । गृध्रं व्याधिस्तदीशोऽथ कपोतं च स्वयं यमः ॥ 51.68 ॥

ulūkaṁ nirṛtiścaiva jagrāhātibhayāvaham gṛdhraṁ vyādhistadīśo'tha kapotaṁ ca svayaṁ yamaḥ

the owl was taken by Nirriti, most fear-inducing, the vulture by Vyadhi (Disease), its lord, and the dove by Yama himself.

Verse 69 (markandeya.51.69)

एतेषामेव चैवोक्ता भूताः पापोपपादने । तस्माच्छ्येनादयो यस्य निलीयेयुः शिरस्यथ ॥ 51.69 ॥

eteṣāmeva caivoktā bhūtāḥ pāpopapādane tasmācchyenādayo yasya nilīyeyuḥ śirasyatha

These same are declared to be the spirits that bring about sin. Therefore, on whosoever's head a hawk or one of these others comes to settle,

Verse 70 (markandeya.51.70)

तेनात्मरक्षणायालं शान्तिं कुर्याद्विजोत्तम । गेहे प्रसूतिरेतेषां तद्वन्नीडनिवेशनम् ॥ 51.70 ॥

tenātmarakṣaṇāyālaṁ śāntiṁ kuryādvijottama gehe prasūtireteṣāṁ tadvannīḍaniveśanam

he should, for his own protection, perform a rite of pacification, O best of the twice-born. Their settling in a house is like the making of a nest for an ill birth.

Verse 71 (markandeya.51.71)

नरस्तं वर्जयेद् गेहं कपोताक्रान्तमस्तकम् । श्येनः कपोतो गृध्रश्च काकोलूकौ गृहे द्विज ॥ 51.71 ॥

narastaṁ varjayed gehaṁ kapotākrāntamastakam śyenaḥ kapoto gṛdhraśca kākolūkau gṛhe dvija

A man should abandon a house on whose roof a dove has perched. If a hawk, a dove, a vulture, a crow, or an owl enters a house, O twice-born,

Verse 72 (markandeya.51.72)

प्रविष्टः कथयेदन्तं वसतां तत्र वेश्मनि । ईदृक् परित्यजेद् गेहं शान्तिं कुर्याच्च पण्डितः ॥ 51.72 ॥

praviṣṭaḥ kathayedantaṁ vasatāṁ tatra veśmani īdṛk parityajed gehaṁ śāntiṁ kuryācca paṇḍitaḥ

it foretells the end of those who dwell there; such a house should be abandoned, and the wise man should also perform the rite of pacification.

Verse 73 (markandeya.51.73)

स्वप्नेऽपि हि कपोतस्य दर्शनं न प्रशस्यते । षडपत्यानि कथ्यन्ते गण्डप्रान्तरतेस्तथा ॥ 51.73 ॥

svapne'pi hi kapotasya darśanaṁ na praśasyate ṣaḍapatyāni kathyante gaṇḍaprāntaratestathā

Even in a dream, the sight of a dove is not considered auspicious. Gandaprantarati too is said to have six offspring.

Verse 74 (markandeya.51.74)

स्त्रीणां रजस्यवस्थानं तेषां कालांश्च मे शृणु । चत्वार्यहानि पूर्वाणि तथैवान्यत् त्रयोदश ॥ 51.74 ॥

strīṇāṁ rajasyavasthānaṁ teṣāṁ kālāṁśca me śṛṇu catvāryahāni pūrvāṇi tathaivānyat trayodaśa

Hear from me the phases of a woman's menstrual course and their timings — the first four days, and likewise another thirteen days,

Verse 75 (markandeya.51.75)

एकादश तथैवान्यदपत्यं तस्य वै दिने । अन्यद्दिनाभिगमने श्राद्धदाने तथापरे ॥ 51.75 ॥

ekādaśa tathaivānyadapatyaṁ tasya vai dine anyaddinābhigamane śrāddhadāne tathāpare

and likewise eleven more days — on those days conception is affected; and likewise at the time of union on other days, and at the giving of a shraddha-offering,

Verse 76 (markandeya.51.76)

पर्वस्वथान्यत् तस्मात्तु वर्ज्यान्येतानि पण्डितैः । गर्भहन्तुः सुतो निघ्नो मोहनी चापि कन्यका ॥ 51.76 ॥

parvasvathānyat tasmāttu varjyānyetāni paṇḍitaiḥ garbhahantuḥ suto nighno mohanī cāpi kanyakā

and on parvan days as well — all these the wise should avoid. Garbhaha's son is Nighna, and there is also a daughter named Mohani.

Verse 77 (markandeya.51.77)

प्रविश्य गर्भमत्त्येको भुक्त्वा मोहयतेऽपरा । जायन्ते मोहनात्तस्याः सर्पमण्डूककच्छपाः ॥ 51.77 ॥

praviśya garbhamattyeko bhuktvā mohayate'parā jāyante mohanāttasyāḥ sarpamaṇḍūkakacchapāḥ

One (Nighna), entering the womb, devours it; the other (Mohani), having partaken of it, instead deludes it — from her delusion are born offspring resembling serpents, frogs, and tortoises,

Verse 78 (markandeya.51.78)

सरीसृपाणि चान्यानि पुरीषमथवा पुनः । षण्मासान् गुर्विणीं मांसमश्नुवानामसंयताम् ॥ 51.78 ॥

sarīsṛpāṇi cānyāni purīṣamathavā punaḥ ṣaṇmāsān gurviṇīṁ māṁsamaśnuvānāmasaṁyatām

and other creeping creatures, or mere excrement — this befalls the pregnant woman who, for six months, eats meat without restraint,

Verse 79 (markandeya.51.79)

वृक्षच्छायाश्रयां रात्रावथवा त्रिचतुष्पथे । श्मशानकटभूमिष्ठामुत्तरीयविवर्जिताम् ॥ 51.79 ॥

vṛkṣacchāyāśrayāṁ rātrāvathavā tricatuṣpathe śmaśānakaṭabhūmiṣṭhāmuttarīyavivarjitām

who at night takes shelter in the shadow of a tree, or at a three-way or four-way crossing, who sits in a cremation ground or a waste place without her upper garment,

Verse 80 (markandeya.51.80)

रुदमानां निशीथेऽथ आविशेत्तामसौ स्त्रियम् । शस्यहन्तुस्तथैवैकः क्षुद्रको नाम नामतः ॥ 51.80 ॥

rudamānāṁ niśīthe'tha āviśettāmasau striyam śasyahantustathaivaikaḥ kṣudrako nāma nāmataḥ

or who weeps at midnight — into such a woman she (Mohani) enters. Likewise, the destroyer of crops is a son named Kshudraka.

Verse 81 (markandeya.51.81)

शस्यर्धिं स सदा हन्ति लब्ध्वा रन्ध्रं शृणुष्व तत् । अमङ्गल्यदिनारम्भे अतृप्तो वपते च यः ॥ 51.81 ॥

śasyardhiṁ sa sadā hanti labdhvā randhraṁ śṛṇuṣva tat amaṅgalyadinārambhe atṛpto vapate ca yaḥ

He, upon finding an opening, always destroys the abundance of the crop; hear his point of vulnerability — one who, discontented, sows on an inauspicious day at the start,

Verse 82 (markandeya.51.82)

क्षेत्रेष्वनुप्रवेशं वै करोत्यन्तोपसङ्गिषु । तस्मात् कल्पः सुप्रशस्ते दिनेऽभ्यर्च्य निशाकरम् ॥ 51.82 ॥

kṣetreṣvanupraveśaṁ vai karotyantopasaṅgiṣu tasmāt kalpaḥ supraśaste dine'bhyarcya niśākaram

or who makes an improper entry into fields adjoining boundaries — invites his harm. Therefore the rule is: on a most auspicious day, having worshipped the moon,

Verse 83 (markandeya.51.83)

कुर्यादारम्भमुप्तिञ्च हृष्टस्तुष्टः सहायवान् । नियोजिकेति या कन्या दुः सहस्य मयोदिता ॥ 51.83 ॥

kuryādārambhamuptiñca hṛṣṭastuṣṭaḥ sahāyavān niyojiketi yā kanyā duḥ sahasya mayoditā

one should undertake the sowing joyfully, content, and with companions. The maiden called Niyojika, whom I have already described as Duhsaha's daughter —

Verse 84 (markandeya.51.84)

जातं प्रचोदिकासंज्ञं तस्याः कन्याचतुष्टयम् । मत्तोन्मत्तप्रमत्तास्तु नरान् नारीस्तु ताः सदा ॥ 51.84 ॥

jātaṁ pracodikāsaṁjñaṁ tasyāḥ kanyācatuṣṭayam mattonmattapramattāstu narān nārīstu tāḥ sadā

from her was born one named Pracodika (the Instigator), whose fourfold daughters are Matta, Unmatta, and Pramatta (Intoxicated, Maddened, and Reckless). These ever, in men and women,

Verse 85 (markandeya.51.85)

समाविशन्ति नाशाय चोदयन्तीह दारुणम् । अधर्मं धर्मरूपेण कामञ्चाकामरूपिणम् ॥ 51.85 ॥

samāviśanti nāśāya codayantīha dāruṇam adharmaṁ dharmarūpeṇa kāmañcākāmarūpiṇam

enter for their ruin, inciting dreadful things — unrighteousness in the guise of righteousness, and desire in the guise of desirelessness,

Verse 86 (markandeya.51.86)

अनर्थञ्चार्थरूपेण मोक्षञ्चामोक्षरूपिणम् । दुर्विनीता विना शौचं दर्शयन्ति पृथङ्नरान् ॥ 51.86 ॥

anarthañcārtharūpeṇa mokṣañcāmokṣarūpiṇam durvinītā vinā śaucaṁ darśayanti pṛthaṅnarān

harm in the guise of benefit, and bondage in the guise of liberation — these ill-disciplined daughters, devoid of purity, show such false appearances to men, each singly.

Verse 87 (markandeya.51.87)

भ्रश्यन्त्याभिः प्रविष्टाभिः पुरुषार्थात् पृथङ्नराः । तासां प्रवेशश्च गृहे संध्यारक्ते ह्यथाम्बरे ॥ 51.87 ॥

bhraśyantyābhiḥ praviṣṭābhiḥ puruṣārthāt pṛthaṅnarāḥ tāsāṁ praveśaśca gṛhe saṁdhyārakte hyathāmbare

Men fall from the true aim of life when these enter them; their entry into a house occurs at twilight, when the sky reddens,

Verse 88 (markandeya.51.88)

धाताविधात्रोश्च बलिर्यत्र काले न दीयते । भुञ्जतां पिबतां वापि सङ्गिभिर्जलविप्रुषैः ॥ 51.88 ॥

dhātāvidhātrośca baliryatra kāle na dīyate bhuñjatāṁ pibatāṁ vāpi saṅgibhirjalavipruṣaiḥ

and when the offering to Dhata and Vidhata is not given at its proper time — through the sprinkling of water among those eating or drinking together,

Verse 89 (markandeya.51.89)

नवनारीषु संक्रान्तिस्तासामाश्वभिजायते । विरोधिन्यास्त्रयः पुत्राश्चोदको ग्राहकस्तथा ॥ 51.89 ॥

navanārīṣu saṁkrāntistāsāmāśvabhijāyate virodhinyāstrayaḥ putrāścodako grāhakastathā

their transference among nine women occurs quickly. Virodhini has three sons — Chodaka, Grahaka,

Verse 90 (markandeya.51.90)

तमः प्रच्छादकश्चान्यस्तत्स्वरूपं शृणुष्व मे । प्रदीपदैलसंसर्गदूषिते लङ्घिते खले ॥ 51.90 ॥

tamaḥ pracchādakaścānyastatsvarūpaṁ śṛṇuṣva me pradīpadailasaṁsargadūṣite laṅghite khale

and a third, Tamahpracchadaka (the Darkness-Concealer) — hear his nature from me. Where a threshing-floor, defiled by contact with a lamp or oil, is trampled over,

Verse 91 (markandeya.51.91)

मुषलोलूखले यत्र पादुके वासने स्त्रियः । शूर्पदात्रादिकं यत्र पदाकृष्य तथासनम् ॥ 51.91 ॥

muṣalolūkhale yatra pāduke vāsane striyaḥ śūrpadātrādikaṁ yatra padākṛṣya tathāsanam

where pestle and mortar, women's sandals or seat, or a winnowing-basket, sickle, and the like are dragged about by the foot,

Verse 92 (markandeya.51.92)

यत्रोपलिप्तञ्चानर्च्य विहारः क्रियते गृहे। दर्वोमुखेन यत्राग्निराहृतोऽन्यत्र नीयते ॥ 51.92 ॥

yatropaliptañcānarcya vihāraḥ kriyate gṛhe darvomukhena yatrāgnirāhṛto'nyatra nīyate

where amusement is carried on in a place unswept and unworshipped, and where fire, brought on the face of a ladle, is carried elsewhere,

Verse 93 (markandeya.51.93)

विरोधिनीसुतास्तत्र विजृम्भन्ते प्रचोदिताः । एको जिह्वागतः पुंसां स्त्रीणाञ्चालीकसत्यवान् ॥ 51.93 ॥

virodhinīsutāstatra vijṛmbhante pracoditāḥ eko jihvāgataḥ puṁsāṁ strīṇāñcālīkasatyavān

there, incited, Virodhini's sons run riot. One (Chodaka), dwelling on the tongues of men and women, makes falsehood appear as truth,

Verse 94 (markandeya.51.94)

चोदको नाम स प्रोक्तः पैशुन्यं कुरुते गृहे । अवधानगतश्चान्यः श्रवणस्थोऽतिदुर्मतिः ॥ 51.94 ॥

codako nāma sa proktaḥ paiśunyaṁ kurute gṛhe avadhānagataścānyaḥ śravaṇastho'tidurmatiḥ

he is called Chodaka, who brings about slander in the household. Another, lodged in attention within the ear, most evil-minded,

Verse 95 (markandeya.51.95)

करोति ग्रहणन्तेषां वचसां ग्राहकस्तु सः । आक्रम्यान्यो मनो नॄणां तमसाच्छाद्य दुर्मतिः ॥ 51.95 ॥

karoti grahaṇanteṣāṁ vacasāṁ grāhakastu saḥ ākramyānyo mano nṝṇāṁ tamasācchādya durmatiḥ

causes words to be misapprehended — he is Grahaka. The third, assailing men's minds and covering them with darkness, ill-minded,

Verse 96 (markandeya.51.96)

क्रोधं जनयते यस्तु तमः प्रच्छादकस्तु सः । स्वयंहार्यास्तु चौर्येण जनितन्तनयत्रयम् ॥ 51.96 ॥

krodhaṁ janayate yastu tamaḥ pracchādakastu saḥ svayaṁhāryāstu cauryeṇa janitantanayatrayam

he who generates anger is Tamahpracchadaka. Svayamharya, through her thieving nature, produced three sons —

Verse 97 (markandeya.51.97)

सर्वहार्यर्धहारी च वीर्यहारी तथैव च । अनाचान्तगृहेष्वेते मन्दाचारगृहेषु च ॥ 51.97 ॥

sarvahāryardhahārī ca vīryahārī tathaiva ca anācāntagṛheṣvete mandācāragṛheṣu ca

Sarvahari, Ardhahari, and Viryahari (Total-Stealer, Half-Stealer, Potency-Stealer) — these roam and take their pleasure in houses where people do not rinse their mouths, in houses of lax conduct,

Verse 98 (markandeya.51.98)

अप्रक्षालितपादेषु प्रविशत्सु महानसम् । खलेषु गोष्ठेषु च वै द्रोहो येषु गृहेषु वै ॥ 51.98 ॥

aprakṣālitapādeṣu praviśatsu mahānasam khaleṣu goṣṭheṣu ca vai droho yeṣu gṛheṣu vai

in the homes of those who enter the kitchen with unwashed feet, in threshing-floors and cowsheds, and wherever there is enmity within a household —

Verse 99 (markandeya.51.99)

तेषु सर्वे यथान्यायं विहरन्ति रमन्ति च । भ्रामण्यास्तनयस्त्वेकः काकजङ्घ इति स्मृतः ॥ 51.99 ॥

teṣu sarve yathānyāyaṁ viharanti ramanti ca bhrāmaṇyāstanayastvekaḥ kākajaṅgha iti smṛtaḥ

there all of them roam and take their pleasure according to occasion. Bhramani has one son, remembered by the name Kakajangha (Crow-Legs).

Verse 100 (markandeya.51.100)

तेनाविष्टो रतिं सर्वो नैव प्राप्नोति वै पुरे । भुञ्जन् यो गायते मैत्रे गायते हसते च यः ॥ 51.100 ॥

tenāviṣṭo ratiṁ sarvo naiva prāpnoti vai pure bhuñjan yo gāyate maitre gāyate hasate ca yaḥ

No one possessed by him ever attains happiness in a town; he enters the man who sings while eating, who sings or laughs at the time sacred to Mitra,

Verse 101 (markandeya.51.101)

सन्ध्यामैथुनिनञ्चैव नरमाविशति द्विज । कन्यात्रयं प्रसूता सा या कन्या ऋतुहारिणी ॥ 51.101 ॥

sandhyāmaithuninañcaiva naramāviśati dvija kanyātrayaṁ prasūtā sā yā kanyā ṛtuhāriṇī

or who unites sexually at twilight, O twice-born — into that man he enters. The maiden Ritu­harika bore three daughters —

Verse 102 (markandeya.51.102)

एका कुचहरा कन्या अन्या व्यञ्जनहारिका । तृतीया तु समाख्याता कन्यका जातहारिणी ॥ 51.102 ॥

ekā kucaharā kanyā anyā vyañjanahārikā tṛtīyā tu samākhyātā kanyakā jātahāriṇī

one is the maiden Kuchahara (Breast-Taker), another Vyanjanaharika (Sign-Taker), and the third is declared to be the maiden Jataharini (New-born-Taker).

Verse 103 (markandeya.51.103)

यस्या न क्रियते सर्वः सम्यग् वैवाहिको विधिः । कालातीतोऽथवा तस्या हरत्येका कुचद्वयम् ॥ 51.103 ॥

yasyā na kriyate sarvaḥ samyag vaivāhiko vidhiḥ kālātīto'thavā tasyā haratyekā kucadvayam

For her whose marriage rite is not fully performed according to prescription, or whose time has passed — one (Kuchahara) steals away her pair of breasts.

Verse 104 (markandeya.51.104)

सम्यक् श्राद्धमदत्त्वा च तथानर्च्य च मातरम् । विवाहितायाः कन्याया हरति व्यञ्जनं तथा ॥ 51.104 ॥

samyak śrāddhamadattvā ca tathānarcya ca mātaram vivāhitāyāḥ kanyāyā harati vyañjanaṁ tathā

For her who does not properly give the shraddha-offering and does not honor her mother — the bride's sign of womanhood is likewise stolen away by Vyanjanaharika.

Verse 105 (markandeya.51.105)

अग्न्यम्बुशून्ये च तथा विधूपे सूतिकागृहे । अदीपशस्त्रमुसले भूतिसर्षपवर्जिते ॥ 51.105 ॥

agnyambuśūnye ca tathā vidhūpe sūtikāgṛhe adīpaśastramusale bhūtisarṣapavarjite

Where the lying-in room is bereft of fire and water, without incense-smoke, without a lamp, weapon, or pestle, and devoid of ash and mustard,

Verse 106 (markandeya.51.106)

अनुप्रविश्य सा जातमपहृत्यात्मसम्भवम् । क्षणप्रसविनी बालं तत्रैवोत्सृजते द्विज ॥ 51.106 ॥

anupraviśya sā jātamapahṛtyātmasambhavam kṣaṇaprasavinī bālaṁ tatraivotsṛjate dvija

entering there, she (Jataharini) carries off the newborn, her own quarry, O twice-born; and the child of that quick-delivering mother she abandons in its place.

Verse 107 (markandeya.51.107)

सा जातहारिणी नाम सुघोरा पिशिताशना । तस्मात् संरक्षणं कार्यं यत्नतः सूतिकागृहे ॥ 51.107 ॥

sā jātahāriṇī nāma sughorā piśitāśanā tasmāt saṁrakṣaṇaṁ kāryaṁ yatnataḥ sūtikāgṛhe

She is named Jataharini, most terrible, a flesh-eater; therefore protection must be carefully maintained in the lying-in room.

Verse 108 (markandeya.51.108)

स्मृतिञ्चाप्रयतानाञ्च शून्यागारनिषेवणात् । अपहन्ति सुतस्तस्याः प्रचण्डो नाम नामतः ॥ 51.108 ॥

smṛtiñcāprayatānāñca śūnyāgāraniṣevaṇāt apahanti sutastasyāḥ pracaṇḍo nāma nāmataḥ

Through dwelling in an empty house, she also steals the memory of unwary women. Her son is named Pracanda (the Fierce), who destroys.

Verse 109 (markandeya.51.109)

पौत्रेभ्यस्तस्य संभूता लीकाः शतसहस्रशः । चण्डालयोनयश्चाष्टौ दण्डपाशातिभीषणाः ॥ 51.109 ॥

pautrebhyastasya saṁbhūtā līkāḥ śatasahasraśaḥ caṇḍālayonayaścāṣṭau daṇḍapāśātibhīṣaṇāḥ

From his grandsons were born hundreds of thousands of Likas (petty malevolent spirits), and eight of chandala-birth, most terrible, wielding staff and noose.

Verse 110 (markandeya.51.110)

क्षुधाविष्टास्ततो लीकास्ताश्च चण्डालयोनयः । अभ्यधावन्त चान्योन्यमत्तुकामाः परस्परम् ॥ 51.110 ॥

kṣudhāviṣṭāstato līkāstāśca caṇḍālayonayaḥ abhyadhāvanta cānyonyamattukāmāḥ parasparam

Then those hunger-stricken Likas, of chandala-birth, rushed upon one another, each wishing to devour the other.

Verse 111 (markandeya.51.111)

प्रचण्डो वारियित्वा तु तास्ताश्चण्डालयोनयः । समये स्थापयामास यादृशे तादृशं शृणु ॥ 51.111 ॥

pracaṇḍo vāriyitvā tu tāstāścaṇḍālayonayaḥ samaye sthāpayāmāsa yādṛśe tādṛśaṁ śṛṇu

Pracanda, restraining those of chandala-birth, established an order for them — hear it, just as it was.

Verse 112 (markandeya.51.112)

अद्यप्रभृति लीकानामावासं यो हि दास्यति । दण्डं तस्याहमतुलं पातयिष्ये न संशयः ॥ 51.112 ॥

adyaprabhṛti līkānāmāvāsaṁ yo hi dāsyati daṇḍaṁ tasyāhamatulaṁ pātayiṣye na saṁśayaḥ

'From this day, whoever gives shelter to the Likas — upon him I shall without doubt inflict an unequalled punishment.'

Verse 113 (markandeya.51.113)

चण्डालयोन्योऽवसथे लीका या प्रसविष्यति । तस्याश्च सन्तिः पूर्वा सा च सद्यो नशिष्यति ॥ 51.113 ॥

caṇḍālayonyo'vasathe līkā yā prasaviṣyati tasyāśca santiḥ pūrvā sā ca sadyo naśiṣyati

'In whatever chandala-dwelling a Lika gives birth, her former peace shall at that very moment be destroyed.'

Verse 114 (markandeya.51.114)

प्रसूते कन्यके द्वे तु स्त्रीपुंसोर्बोजहारिणी । वातरूपामरूपाञ्च तस्याः प्रहरणन्तु ते ॥ 51.114 ॥

prasūte kanyake dve tu strīpuṁsorbojahāriṇī vātarūpāmarūpāñca tasyāḥ praharaṇantu te

Bijapaharini bears two daughters, Vatarupa and Arupa, who steal the seed of both woman and man; hear now their manner of attack.

Verse 115 (markandeya.51.115)

वातरूपा निषेकान्ते सा यस्मै क्षिपते सुतम् । स पुमान् वातशुक्रत्वं प्रयाति वनितापि वा ॥ 51.115 ॥

vātarūpā niṣekānte sā yasmai kṣipate sutam sa pumān vātaśukratvaṁ prayāti vanitāpi vā

Vatarupa, at the moment of conception, casts her influence upon the offspring of whomever she attacks; that man's seed becomes wind-like and impotent, or the woman likewise becomes barren.

Verse 116 (markandeya.51.116)

तथैव गच्छतः सद्यो निर्बोजत्वमरूपया । अस्नाताशी नरो यो वै तथैव पिशिताशनः ॥ 51.116 ॥

tathaiva gacchataḥ sadyo nirbojatvamarūpayā asnātāśī naro yo vai tathaiva piśitāśanaḥ

Likewise, from Arupa, sterility comes about at once — upon the man who eats without bathing, and likewise the flesh-eater.

Verse 117 (markandeya.51.117)

विद्वेषिणी तु या कन्या भृकुटीकुटिलानना । तस्या द्वौ तनयौ पुंसामपकारप्रकाशकौ ॥ 51.117 ॥

vidveṣiṇī tu yā kanyā bhṛkuṭīkuṭilānanā tasyā dvau tanayau puṁsāmapakāraprakāśakau

The maiden named Vidveshini, her face contorted with a frown — her two sons are the revealers of harm to men.

Verse 118 (markandeya.51.118)

निर्बोजत्वं नरो याति नारी वा शौचवर्जिता । पैशुन्याभिरतं लोलमसज्जननिषेवणम् ॥ 51.118 ॥

nirbojatvaṁ naro yāti nārī vā śaucavarjitā paiśunyābhirataṁ lolamasajjananiṣevaṇam

Through them a man becomes seedless, or a woman is deprived of purity; these two are devoted to slander, fickle, and given to the company of the wicked,

Verse 119 (markandeya.51.119)

पुरुषद्वेषिणञ्चैतौ नारमाक्रम्य तिष्ठतः । मात्रा भ्रात्रा तथा मित्रैरभीष्टैः स्वजनैः परैः ॥ 51.119 ॥

puruṣadveṣiṇañcaitau nāramākramya tiṣṭhataḥ mātrā bhrātrā tathā mitrairabhīṣṭaiḥ svajanaiḥ paraiḥ

and cause hatred toward other men — these two, having assailed a man, remain lodged within him, so that by mother, brother, dear friends, his own kin and strangers alike,

Verse 120 (markandeya.51.120)

विद्विष्टो नाशमायाति पुरुषो धर्मतोर्ऽथतः । एकस्तु स्वगुणांल्लोके प्रकाशयति पापकृत् ॥ 51.120 ॥

vidviṣṭo nāśamāyāti puruṣo dharmator'thataḥ ekastu svaguṇāṁlloke prakāśayati pāpakṛt

he becomes hated and comes to ruin in both dharma and wealth. Of these two, one is the sinner who displays his own bad qualities openly to the world,

Verse 121 (markandeya.51.121)

द्वितीयस्तु गुणान् मैत्रीं लोकस्थामपकर्षति । इत्येते दौः सहाः सर्वे यक्ष्मणः सन्ततावथ । पापाचाराः समाख्याता यैर्व्याप्तमखिलं जगत् ॥ 51.121 ॥

dvitīyastu guṇān maitrīṁ lokasthāmapakarṣati ityete dauḥ sahāḥ sarve yakṣmaṇaḥ santatāvatha pāpācārāḥ samākhyātā yairvyāptamakhilaṁ jagat

and the other diminishes the good qualities and friendships that exist in the world. Thus all these are declared to be the Duhsaha spirits, continuing the lineage of affliction, doers of evil, by whom this entire world is pervaded.