The Marks of Right Conduct

Verse 1 (skanda.3.58.1)

व्यास उवाच । उपकाराय साधूनां गृहस्थाश्रमवासिनाम् । यथा च क्रियते धर्मो यथावत्कथयामि ते

vyāsa uvāca upakārāya sādhūnāṁ gṛhasthāśramavāsinām yathā ca kriyate dharmo yathāvatkathayāmi te

Vyasa said: For the benefit of the good men dwelling in the householder's stage of life, I shall tell you truly how dharma is to be practised.

Verse 2 (skanda.3.58.2)

वत्स गार्हस्थ्यमास्थाय नरः सर्वमिदं जगत् । पुष्णाति तेन लोकांश्च स जयत्यभिवांछितान्

vatsa gārhasthyamāsthāya naraḥ sarvamidaṁ jagat puṣṇāti tena lokāṁśca sa jayatyabhivāṁchitān

My child, by taking up the householder's life, a man sustains this entire world, and thereby he conquers all the worlds he desires.

Verse 3 (skanda.3.58.3)

पितरो मुनयो देवा भूतानि मनुजास्तथा । क्रिमिकीटपतंगाश्च वयांसि पितरोऽसुराः

pitaro munayo devā bhūtāni manujāstathā krimikīṭapataṁgāśca vayāṁsi pitaro'surāḥ

The ancestors, sages, gods, spirits, men, worms, insects, moths, birds, and demons —

Verse 4 (skanda.3.58.4)

गृहस्थमुपजीवंति ततस्तृप्तिं प्रयांति च । मुखं वास्य निरीक्षंते अपो नो दास्यतीति च

gṛhasthamupajīvaṁti tatastṛptiṁ prayāṁti ca mukhaṁ vāsya nirīkṣaṁte apo no dāsyatīti ca

— all of these live off the householder and are thereby satisfied, watching his face and wondering, 'Will he give us water?'

Verse 5 (skanda.3.58.5)

सर्वस्याधारभूता ये वत्स धेनुस्त्रयीमयी । अस्यां प्रतिष्ठितं विश्वं विश्वहेतुश्च या मता

sarvasyādhārabhūtā ye vatsa dhenustrayīmayī asyāṁ pratiṣṭhitaṁ viśvaṁ viśvahetuśca yā matā

My child, the cow that is the very support of all beings is regarded as embodying the threefold Veda; the whole universe rests upon her, and she is held to be the cause of the universe.

Verse 6 (skanda.3.58.6)

ऋक्पृष्ठासौ यजुःसंध्या सामकुक्षिपयोधरा । इष्टापूर्तविषाणा च साधुसूक्ततनूरुहा

ṛkpṛṣṭhāsau yajuḥsaṁdhyā sāmakukṣipayodharā iṣṭāpūrtaviṣāṇā ca sādhusūktatanūruhā

Her back is the Rigveda, her joints the Yajurveda, her belly and udder the Samaveda; her horns are the merit of sacrifice and charity, and the hairs of her body are the auspicious hymns.

Verse 7 (skanda.3.58.7)

शांति पुष्टिशकृन्मूत्रा वर्णपादप्रतिष्ठिता । उपजीव्यमाना जगतां पदक्रमजटाघनैः

śāṁti puṣṭiśakṛnmūtrā varṇapādapratiṣṭhitā upajīvyamānā jagatāṁ padakramajaṭāghanaiḥ

Her dung and urine bring peace and nourishment; she stands established on feet fitting to each of the four social orders, and the world lives by the order of her gait and the thickness of her coat.

Verse 8 (skanda.3.58.8)

स्वाहाकारस्वधाकारौ वषट्कारश्च पुत्रक । हन्तकारस्तथैवान्यस्तस्याः स्तनचतुष्टयम्

svāhākārasvadhākārau vaṣaṭkāraśca putraka hantakārastathaivānyastasyāḥ stanacatuṣṭayam

My son, the exclamations Svaha, Svadha, Vashat, and Hanta are her four udders.

Verse 9 (skanda.3.58.9)

स्वाहाकारस्तनं देवाः पितरश्च स्वधामयम् । मुनयश्च वषट्कारं देवभूतसुरेश्वराः

svāhākārastanaṁ devāḥ pitaraśca svadhāmayam munayaśca vaṣaṭkāraṁ devabhūtasureśvarāḥ

The gods drink from the udder called Svaha, the ancestors from the one called Svadha, and the sages — lords among gods, spirits, and demons — from the one called Vashat —

Verse 10 (skanda.3.58.10)

हन्तकारं मनुष्याश्च पिबंति सततं स्तनम् । एवमध्यापयेदेव वेदानां प्रत्यहं त्रयीम्

hantakāraṁ manuṣyāśca pibaṁti satataṁ stanam evamadhyāpayedeva vedānāṁ pratyahaṁ trayīm

— and men constantly drink from the udder called Hanta. In this manner, the threefold Veda should be taught every day.

Verse 11 (skanda.3.58.11)

तेषामुच्छेदकर्त्ता यः पुरुषोऽनंतपापकृत् । स तमस्यंधतामिस्रे नरके हि निमज्जति

teṣāmucchedakarttā yaḥ puruṣo'naṁtapāpakṛt sa tamasyaṁdhatāmisre narake hi nimajjati

Whoever brings about the destruction of these lineages of teaching commits endless sin; he sinks into the dark hell called Andhatamisra.

Verse 12 (skanda.3.58.12)

यस्त्वेनां मानवो धेनुं स्वर्वत्सैरमरादिभिः । पूजयत्युचिते काले स स्वर्गायोपपद्यते

yastvenāṁ mānavo dhenuṁ svarvatsairamarādibhiḥ pūjayatyucite kāle sa svargāyopapadyate

The man who worships this cow, together with the celestial calves and the gods, at the proper time, attains heaven.

Verse 13 (skanda.3.58.13)

तस्मात्पुत्र मनुष्येण देवर्षि पितृमानवाः । भूतानि चानुदिवसं पोष्याणि स्वतनुर्यथा

tasmātputra manuṣyeṇa devarṣi pitṛmānavāḥ bhūtāni cānudivasaṁ poṣyāṇi svatanuryathā

Therefore, my son, a man should nourish the gods, sages, ancestors, men, and spirits every day, just as he nourishes his own body.

Verse 14 (skanda.3.58.14)

तस्मात्स्नातः शुचिर्भूत्वा देवर्षिपितृतर्पणम् । यज्ञस्यांते तथैवाद्भिः काले कुर्यात्समाहितः

tasmātsnātaḥ śucirbhūtvā devarṣipitṛtarpaṇam yajñasyāṁte tathaivādbhiḥ kāle kuryātsamāhitaḥ

Therefore, having bathed and become pure, one should, with concentrated mind, offer libation of water to the gods, sages, and ancestors at the end of the sacrifice, at the proper time.

Verse 15 (skanda.3.58.15)

सुमनोगन्धपुष्पैश्च देवानभ्यर्च्य मानवः । ततोग्नेस्तर्पणं कुर्याद्द्याच्चापि बलींस्तथा

sumanogandhapuṣpaiśca devānabhyarcya mānavaḥ tatognestarpaṇaṁ kuryāddyāccāpi baliṁstathā

Having worshipped the gods with flowers and fragrant substances, a man should then offer libation to fire, and offer the bali-oblations as well.

Verse 16 (skanda.3.58.16)

नक्तंचरेभ्यो भूतेभ्यो बलिमाकाशतो हरेत् । पितॄणां निर्वपेत्तद्वद्दक्षिणाभिमुखस्ततः

naktaṁcarebhyo bhūtebhyo balimākāśato haret pitṝṇāṁ nirvapettadvaddakṣiṇābhimukhastataḥ

He should cast an offering into the sky for the beings that roam by night; then, facing south, he should likewise offer to the ancestors.

Verse 17 (skanda.3.58.17)

गृहस्थस्तत्परो भूत्वा समाहितमानसः । ततस्तोयमुपादाय तेष्वेवार्पणसत्क्रियाम्

gṛhasthastatparo bhūtvā samāhitamānasaḥ tatastoyamupādāya teṣvevārpaṇasatkriyām

The householder, devoted to this and with a focused mind, should then take up water for the sacred act of offering it to these very beings —

Verse 18 (skanda.3.58.18)

स्थानेषु निक्षिपेत्प्राज्ञो नाम्ना तूदिश्य देवताः । एवं बलिं गृहे दत्त्वा गृहे गृहपतिः शुचिः

sthāneṣu nikṣipetprājño nāmnā tūdiśya devatāḥ evaṁ baliṁ gṛhe dattvā gṛhe gṛhapatiḥ śuciḥ

— the wise man should place it in each proper spot, invoking the deities by name. Having thus offered the bali within the house, the householder, now pure —

Verse 19 (skanda.3.58.19)

आचम्य च ततः कुर्यात्प्राज्ञो द्वारावलोकनम् । मुहूर्तस्याष्टमं भागमुदीक्षेतातिथिं ततः

ācamya ca tataḥ kuryātprājño dvārāvalokanam muhūrtasyāṣṭamaṁ bhāgamudīkṣetātithiṁ tataḥ

— should then sip water and, being wise, look toward the doorway, waiting for a guest for the space of an eighth part of a muhurta.

Verse 20 (skanda.3.58.20)

अतिथिं तत्र संप्राप्तमर्घ्यपाद्योदकेन च । बुभुक्षुमागतं श्रांतं याचमानमकिंचनम्

atithiṁ tatra saṁprāptamarghyapādyodakena ca bubhukṣumāgataṁ śrāṁtaṁ yācamānamakiṁcanam

One should honour the guest who has arrived with the offerings of arghya and foot-water, whether he comes hungry, weary, begging, or destitute.

Verse 21 (skanda.3.58.21)

ब्राह्मणं प्राहुरतिथिं संपूज्य शक्तितो बुधैः । न पृछेत्तत्राचरणं स्वाध्यायं चापि पंडितः

brāhmaṇaṁ prāhuratithiṁ saṁpūjya śaktito budhaiḥ na pṛchettatrācaraṇaṁ svādhyāyaṁ cāpi paṇḍitaḥ

The wise declare that a brahmin guest should be honoured to the best of one's ability. A learned man should not question him about his conduct or his study.

Verse 22 (skanda.3.58.22)

शोभनाशोभनाकारं तं मन्येत प्रजापतिम् । अनित्यं हि स्थितो यस्मात्तस्मादतिथिरुच्यते

śobhanāśobhanākāraṁ taṁ manyeta prajāpatim anityaṁ hi sthito yasmāttasmādatithirucyate

Whether his appearance be pleasing or unpleasing, one should regard him as Prajapati himself; for since he does not stay permanently, he is called 'atithi,' one without a fixed day.

Verse 23 (skanda.3.58.23)

तस्मै दत्त्वा तु यो भुंक्ते स तु भुंक्तेऽमृतं नरः । अतिथिर्यस्य भग्नाशो गृहात्प्रति निवर्तते

tasmai dattvā tu yo bhuṁkte sa tu bhuṁkte'mṛtaṁ naraḥ atithiryasya bhagnāśo gṛhātprati nivartate

The man who eats only after having fed his guest partakes of nectar itself. He from whose house a guest turns back with disappointed hope —

Verse 24 (skanda.3.58.24)

स दत्त्वा दुष्कृतं तस्मै पुण्यमादाय गच्छति । अपि वा शाकदानेन यद्वा तोयप्रदानतः । पूजयेत्तं नरः भक्त्या तेनैवातो विमुच्यते

sa dattvā duṣkṛtaṁ tasmai puṇyamādāya gacchati api vā śākadānena yadvā toyapradānataḥ pūjayettaṁ naraḥ bhaktyā tenaivāto vimucyate

— gives that host his own misdeeds and departs, taking away the host's merit in exchange. Even if only with a gift of a vegetable or a gift of water, a man should honour the guest with devotion; by that alone he is freed from sin.

Verse 25 (skanda.3.58.25)

युधिष्ठिर उवाच । विवाहा ब्राह्मदैवार्षाः प्राजापत्यासुरौ तथा । गांधर्वो राक्षसश्चापि पैशाचोष्टम उच्यते

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca vivāhā brāhmadaivārṣāḥ prājāpatyāsurau tathā gāṁdharvo rākṣasaścāpi paiśācoṣṭama ucyate

Yudhishthira said: The forms of marriage are the Brahma, the Daiva, the Arsha, the Prajapatya, and the Asura — likewise the Gandharva, the Rakshasa, and the eighth, called Paishacha.

Verse 26 (skanda.3.58.26)

एतेषां च विधिं ब्रूहि तथा कार्यं च तत्त्वतः । गृहस्थानां तथा धर्मान्ब्रूहि मे त्वं विशेषतः

eteṣāṁ ca vidhiṁ brūhi tathā kāryaṁ ca tattvataḥ gṛhasthānāṁ tathā dharmānbrūhi me tvaṁ viśeṣataḥ

Tell me their proper procedure and what is truly to be done in each; and describe to me in particular the duties of householders.

Verse 27 (skanda.3.58.27)

पराशर उवाच । स ब्राह्मो वरमाहूय यत्र कन्या स्वलंकृता । दीयते तत्सुतः पूयात्पुरुषानेकविंशतिम्

parāśara uvāca sa brāhmo varamāhūya yatra kanyā svalaṁkṛtā dīyate tatsutaḥ pūyātpuruṣānekaviṁśatim

Parashara said: That marriage in which a suitably adorned bride is given, having invited the bridegroom, is the Brahma marriage; the son born of it purifies twenty-one generations.

Verse 28 (skanda.3.58.28)

यज्ञस्थायर्त्विजे दैवस्तज्जः पाति चतुर्दश । वरादादाय गोद्वन्द्वमार्षस्तज्जः पुनाति षट्

yajñasthāyartvije daivastajjaḥ pāti caturdaśa varādādāya godvandvamārṣastajjaḥ punāti ṣaṭ

Giving the bride to the officiating priest at a sacrifice is the Daiva marriage; the son born of it protects fourteen generations. Taking a pair of cows from the groom and giving the bride is the Arsha marriage; the son born of it purifies six generations.

Verse 29 (skanda.3.58.29)

सहोभौ चरतां धर्मं प्राजापत्यः स ईरितः । वरवध्वोः स्वेच्छय्रा च गांधर्वोऽन्योन्यमैत्रतः । प्रसह्य कन्याहरणाद्राक्षसो निन्दितः सताम्

sahobhau caratāṁ dharmaṁ prājāpatyaḥ sa īritaḥ varavadhvoḥ svecchayā ca gāṁdharvo'nyonyamaitrataḥ prasahya kanyāharaṇādrākṣaso niṁditaḥ satām

That in which the couple are told 'together may you practise dharma' is called the Prajapatya marriage. That formed by the mutual wish and affection of bride and groom is the Gandharva marriage. That in which the bride is seized by force is the Rakshasa marriage, condemned by the virtuous.

Verse 30 (skanda.3.58.30)

छलेन कन्याहरणात्पैशाचो गर्हितोऽष्टमः । प्रायः क्षत्रविशोरुक्ता गांधर्वासुरराक्षसाः

chalena kanyāharaṇātpaiśāco garhito'ṣṭamaḥ prāyaḥ kṣatraviśorktā gāṁdharvāsurarākṣasāḥ

That in which the bride is abducted by deceit is the condemned eighth marriage, called Paishacha. The Gandharva, Asura, and Rakshasa forms are declared mostly for the kshatriya and vaishya classes.

Verse 31 (skanda.3.58.31)

अष्टमस्त्वेष पापिष्ठः पापिष्ठानां च संभवः । सवर्णया करो ग्राह्यो धार्यः क्षत्रियया शरः

aṣṭamastveṣa pāpiṣṭhaḥ pāpiṣṭhānāṁ ca saṁbhavaḥ savarṇayā karo grāhyo dhāryaḥ kṣatriyayā śaraḥ

This eighth form is most sinful, and gives rise to the most sinful offspring. In marriage with a bride of one's own class, her hand is taken; with a kshatriya bride, an arrow is held.

Verse 32 (skanda.3.58.32)

प्रतोदो वैश्यया धार्यो वासोंतः शूद्रया तथा । असवर्णा स्वेष विधिः स्मृतौ दृष्टश्च वेदने

pratodo vaiśyayā dhāryo vāsoṁtaḥ śūdrayā tathā asavarṇā sveṣa vidhiḥ smṛtau dṛṣṭaśca vedane

With a vaishya bride, a goad is held; with a shudra bride, the hem of a garment. This is the rule declared for brides of different classes, as seen in the Smriti and taught in the Veda as well.

Verse 33 (skanda.3.58.33)

सवर्णाभिस्तु सर्वाभिः पाणिर्ग्राह्यस्त्वयं विधिः । धर्म्ये विवाहे जायंते धर्म्याः पुत्राः शतायुषः

savarṇābhistu sarvābhiḥ pāṇirgrāhyastvayaṁ vidhiḥ dharmye vivāhe jāyaṁte dharmyāḥ putrāḥ śatāyuṣaḥ

But with all brides of the same class as the groom, the rule is that the hand alone should be taken. In a righteous marriage are born righteous sons who live a hundred years.

Verse 34 (skanda.3.58.34)

अधर्म्याद्धर्म्मरहिता मंदभाग्यधनायुषः । कृतकालाभिगमने धर्मोयं गृहिणः परः

adharmyāddharmarahitā maṁdabhāgyadhanāyuṣaḥ kṛtakālābhigamane dharmoyaṁ gṛhiṇaḥ paraḥ

From an unrighteous marriage are born sons devoid of dharma, unfortunate, and of little wealth or life-span. Approaching one's wife only at the proper season is the supreme duty of a householder.

Verse 35 (skanda.3.58.35)

स्त्रीणां वरमनुस्मृत्य यथाकाम्यथवा भवेत् । दिवाभिगमनं पुंसामनायुष्यं परं मतम्

strīṇāṁ varamanusmṛtya yathākāmyathavā bhavet divābhigamanaṁ puṁsāmanāyuṣyaṁ paraṁ matam

For women, following their own desire is deemed acceptable; but for men, approaching one's wife in the daytime is held to be most detrimental to longevity.

Verse 36 (skanda.3.58.36)

श्राद्धार्हः सर्वपर्वाणि न गंतव्यानि धीमता । तत्र गछन्स्त्रियं मोहार्द्धर्मात्प्रच्यवते परात्

śrāddhārhaḥ sarvaparvāṇi na gaṁtavyāni dhīmatā tatra gachanstriyaṁ mohārddharmātpracyavate parāt

A wise man should not approach his wife on any of the days fitting for shraddha. One who does so out of infatuation falls away from the highest dharma.

Verse 37 (skanda.3.58.37)

ऋतुकालाभिगामी यः स्वदारनिरतश्च यः । स सदा ब्रह्मचारी हि विज्ञेयः स गृहाश्रमी

ṛtukālābhigāmī yaḥ svadāraniratasca yaḥ sa sadā brahmacārī hi vijñeyaḥ sa gṛhāśramī

The man who approaches his wife only at the proper season and remains devoted to her alone should be known as ever a celibate, even while a householder.

Verse 38 (skanda.3.58.38)

आर्षे विवाहे गोद्वंद्वं यदुक्तं तत्र शस्यते । शुल्कमण्वपि कन्यायाः कन्याविक्रयपापकृत्

ārṣe vivāhe godvaṁdvaṁ yaduktaṁ tatra śasyate śulkamaṇvapi kanyāyāḥ kanyāvikrayapāpakṛt

In the Arsha marriage, only the giving of the pair of cows as declared is commendable. Taking even a small fee for a daughter is as sinful as selling her.

Verse 39 (skanda.3.58.39)

अपत्यविक्रयात्कल्पं वसेद्विट्कृमिभोजने । अतो नाण्वपि कन्याया उपजीव्यं नरैर्धनम्

apatyavikrayātkalpaṁ vasedviṭkṛmibhojane ato nāṇvapi kanyāyā upajīvyaṁ narairdhanam

As a consequence of selling one's offspring, a man dwells for an entire kalpa feeding among the worms of excrement. Therefore men should not live off even the smallest sum of money obtained through a daughter.

Verse 40 (skanda.3.58.40)

तत्र तुष्टा महालक्ष्मीर्निवसेद्दानवारिणा । वाणिज्यं नीचसेवा च वेदानध्ययनं तथा

tatra tuṣṭā mahālakṣmīrnivasedadānavāriṇā vāṇijyaṁ nīcasevā ca vedānadhyayanaṁ tathā

In such a household, Mahalakshmi, pleased by the water poured in the gift of the daughter, comes to dwell. Trade, service to the base, and neglect of Vedic study —

Verse 41 (skanda.3.58.41)

कुविवाहः क्रियालोपः कुले पतनहेतवः । कुर्याद्वैवाहिके चाग्नौ गृह्यकर्म्मान्वहं गृही

kuvivāhaḥ kriyālopaḥ kule patanahetavaḥ kuryādvaivāhike cāgnau gṛhyakarmānvahaṁ gṛhī

— a bad marriage, and neglect of the prescribed rites are causes of a family's downfall. The householder should perform the domestic rites daily in the fire kindled at his wedding.

Verse 42 (skanda.3.58.42)

पञ्चयज्ञक्रियां चापि पक्तिं दैनंदिनीमपि । गृहस्थाश्रमिणः पञ्चसूनाकर्म दिनेदिने

pañcayajñakriyāṁ cāpi paktiṁ dainaṁdinīmapi gṛhasthāśramiṇaḥ pañcasūnākarma dinedine

For the householder, the five great sacrifices and the daily cooking — in all of these, day after day, the five inadvertent acts of violence occur.

Verse 43 (skanda.3.58.43)

कुण्डनी पेषणी चुल्ली ह्युदकुम्भी तु मार्जनी । तासां च पंचसूनानां निराकरणहेतवः । क्रतवः पंच निर्द्दिष्टा गृहिश्रेयोभिवर्द्धनाः

kuṇḍanī peṣaṇī cullī hyudakumbhī tu mārjanī tāsāṁ ca pañcasūnānāṁ nirākaraṇahetavaḥ kratavaḥ pañca nirddiṣṭā gṛhiśreyobhivarddhanāḥ

The mortar, the grindstone, the hearth, the water-jar, and the broom — these are the five 'places of slaughter.' To counteract them, five sacrifices have been prescribed that increase the householder's well-being.

Verse 44 (skanda.3.58.44)

पठनं ब्रह्मयज्ञः स्यात्तर्पणं च पितृक्रतुः । होमो दैवो बलिर्भौत आतिथ्यं नृक्रतुः क्रमात्

paṭhanaṁ brahmayajñaḥ syāttarpaṇaṁ ca pitṛkratuḥ homo daivo balirbhauta ātithyaṁ nṛkratuḥ kramāt

Reciting the Veda is the sacrifice to Brahman, the water-offering is the sacrifice to the ancestors, the fire-oblation is the sacrifice to the gods, the bali is the sacrifice to beings, and hospitality is, in order, the sacrifice to men.

Verse 45 (skanda.3.58.45)

वैश्वदेवांतरे प्राप्तः सूर्योढो वातिथिः स्मृतः । अतिथेरादितोप्येते भोज्या नात्र विचारणा

vaiśvadevāṁtare prāptaḥ sūryoḍho vātithiḥ smṛtaḥ atitherāditopyete bhojyā nātra vicāraṇā

A guest who arrives in the midst of the Vaishvadeva rite is regarded as one sent by the sun himself. Such a guest is to be fed even before all others — on this there is no question.

Verse 46 (skanda.3.58.46)

पितृदेवमनुष्येभ्यो दत्त्वाश्नात्यमृतं गृही । अदत्त्वान्नं च यो भुंक्ते केवलं स्वोदरंभरिः

pitṛdevamanuṣyebhyo dattvāśnātyamṛtaṁ gṛhī adattvānnaṁ ca yo bhuṁkte kevalaṁ svodaraṁbhariḥ

The householder who eats only after giving to the ancestors, gods, and men partakes of nectar. One who eats food without giving to them merely fills his own belly.

Verse 47 (skanda.3.58.47)

वैश्वदेवेन ये हीना आतिथ्येन विवर्जिताः । सर्वे ते वृषला ज्ञेयाः प्राप्तवेदा अपि द्विजाः

vaiśvadevena ye hīnā ātithyena vivarjitāḥ sarve te vṛṣalā jñeyāḥ prāptavedā api dvijāḥ

Those who neglect the Vaishvadeva offering and are devoid of hospitality should all be known as shudra-like, even if they are twice-born and have mastered the Veda.

Verse 48 (skanda.3.58.48)

अकृत्वा वैश्वदेवं तु भुञ्जते ये द्विजाधमाः । इह लोकेन्नहीनाः स्युः काकयोनिं व्रजंत्यथो

akṛtvā vaiśvadevaṁ tu bhuñjate ye dvijādhamāḥ iha lokennahīnāḥ syuḥ kākayoniṁ vrajaṁtyatho

Those base twice-born who eat without having performed the Vaishvadeva rite are deprived of food in this world, and after death go to the state of a crow.

Verse 49 (skanda.3.58.49)

वेदोक्तं विदितं कर्म्म नित्यं कुर्यादतंद्रितः । यदि कुर्याद्यथाशक्ति प्राप्नुयात्सद्गतिं पराम्

vedoktaṁ viditaṁ karma nityaṁ kuryādataṁdritaḥ yadi kuryādyathāśakti prāpnuyātsadgatiṁ parām

The known rites declared in the Veda should be performed daily without laziness. If one performs them to the best of his ability, he attains the supreme good state.

Verse 50 (skanda.3.58.50)

षष्ठ्यष्टम्योर्वसेत्पापं तैले मांसे सदैव हि । चतुर्दश्यां पञ्चदश्यां तथैव च क्षुरे भगे

ṣaṣṭhyaṣṭamyorvasetpāpaṁ taile māṁse sadaiva hi caturdaśyāṁ pañcadaśyāṁ tathaiva ca kṣure bhage

Sin ever dwells in the sixth and eighth lunar days, always in oil and meat, on the fourteenth and the full moon, and likewise in the razor's act and in intercourse.

Verse 51 (skanda.3.58.51)

उदयन्तं न वीक्षेत नास्तं यंतं न मस्तके । न राहुणोपस्पृष्टं च नांडस्थं वीक्षयेद्रविम्

udayaṁtaṁ na vīkṣeta nāstaṁ yaṁtaṁ na mastake na rāhuṇopaspṛṣṭaṁ ca nāṁḍasthaṁ vīkṣayedravim

One should not gaze at the rising sun, nor at the setting sun, nor at the sun overhead at noon; nor should one look at the sun eclipsed by Rahu, nor at its reflection in water.

Verse 52 (skanda.3.58.52)

न वीक्षेतात्मनो रूपमप्सु धावेन्न कर्दमे । न नग्नां स्त्रियमीक्षेत न नग्नो जलमाविशेत्

na vīkṣetātmano rūpamapsu dhāvenna kardame na nagnāṁ striyamīkṣeta na nagno jalamāviśet

One should not gaze at one's own reflection in water, should not run through mud, should not look upon a naked woman, and should not enter water while naked.

Verse 53 (skanda.3.58.53)

देवतायतनं विप्रं धेनुं मधु मृदं तथा । जातिवृद्धं वयोवृद्धं विद्यावृद्धं तथैव च

devatāyatanaṁ vipraṁ dhenuṁ madhu mṛdaṁ tathā jātivṛddhaṁ vayovṛddhaṁ vidyāvṛddhaṁ tathaiva ca

A temple, a brahmin, a cow, honey, clay, one eminent by birth, one advanced in years, and one eminent in learning —

Verse 54 (skanda.3.58.54)

अश्वत्थं चैत्यवृक्षं च गुरुं जलभृतं घटम् । सिद्धान्नं दधिसिद्धार्थं गच्छन्कुर्यात्प्रदक्षिणम्

aśvatthaṁ caityavṛkṣaṁ ca guruṁ jalabhṛtaṁ ghaṭam siddhānnaṁ dadhisiddhārthaṁ gacchankuryātpradakṣiṇam

— the ashvattha tree, a sacred grove tree, a teacher, a water-filled pot, cooked food, curds, and white mustard seed — while passing along the road, one should walk around each of these, keeping it to the right.

Verse 55 (skanda.3.58.55)

रजस्वलां न सेवेत नाश्नीयात्सह भार्यया । एकवासा न भुञ्जीत न भुञ्जीतोत्कटासने

rajasvalāṁ na seveta nāśnīyātsaha bhāryayā ekavāsā na bhuñjīta na bhuñjītotkaṭāsane

One should not have intercourse with a menstruating woman, should not eat together with one's wife, should not eat wearing only a single garment, and should not eat while seated on a raised seat.

Verse 56 (skanda.3.58.56)

नाशुचिं स्त्रियमीक्षेत तेजस्कामो द्विजोत्तमः । असंतर्प्य पितॄन्देवान्नाद्यादन्नं च कुत्रचित्

nāśuciṁ striyamīkṣeta tejaskāmo dvijottamaḥ asaṁtarpya pitṝndevānnādyādannaṁ ca kutracit

The excellent twice-born who desires vigour should not look at an impure woman. Without having satisfied the ancestors and the gods, one should never eat food anywhere.

Verse 57 (skanda.3.58.57)

पक्वान्नं चापि नो मांसं दीर्घकालं जिजीविषुः । न मूत्रणं व्रजे कुर्यान्न वल्मीके न भस्मनि

pakvānnaṁ cāpi no māṁsaṁ dīrghakālaṁ jijīviṣuḥ na mūtraṇaṁ vraje kuryānna valmīke na bhasmani

One desiring a long life should not eat stale food or meat. One should not urinate in a cow-pen, on an anthill, or on ashes.

Verse 58 (skanda.3.58.58)

न गत्तेंषु ससत्त्वेषु न तिष्ठन्न व्रजन्नपि । ब्राह्मणं सूर्यमग्निं च चंद्रऋक्षगुरूनपि

na gatteṣu sasattveṣu na tiṣṭhanna vrajannapi brāhmaṇaṁ sūryamagniṁ ca caṁdrarkṣagurūnapi

One should not relieve oneself in the burrows of living creatures, neither standing nor walking. A brahmin, the sun, fire, the moon, the stars, and one's elders —

Verse 59 (skanda.3.58.59)

अभिपश्यन्न कुर्वीत मलमूत्रविसर्जनम् । मुखेनोपधमेन्नाग्निं नग्नां नेक्षेत योषितम्

abhipaśyanna kurvīta malamūtravisarjanam mukhenopadhamennāgniṁ nagnāṁ nekṣeta yoṣitam

— should not relieve oneself while looking at them. One should not blow on fire with the mouth, and should not look upon a naked woman.

Verse 60 (skanda.3.58.60)

नांघ्री प्रतापयेदग्नौ न वस्तु अशुचि क्षिपेत् । प्राणिहिंसां न कुर्वीत नाश्नीयात्संध्ययोर्द्वयोः

nāṁghrī pratāpayedagnau na vastu aśuci kṣipet prāṇihiṁsāṁ na kurvīta nāśnīyātsaṁdhyayordvayoḥ

One should not warm the feet at the fire, and should not cast anything impure into it. One should not commit violence to any creature, and should not eat during either twilight.

Verse 61 (skanda.3.58.61)

न संविशेच्च संध्यायां प्रातः सायं क्वचिद्बुधः । नाचक्षीत धयंतीं गां नेंद्रचापं प्रदर्शयेत्

na saṁviśecca saṁdhyāyāṁ prātaḥ sāyaṁ kvacidbudhaḥ nācakṣīta dhayaṁtīṁ gāṁ neṁdracāpaṁ pradarśayet

A wise man should never lie down at the time of the morning or evening twilight rite. One should not point at a cow while it suckles, nor point out a rainbow to another.

Verse 62 (skanda.3.58.62)

नैकः सुप्यात्क्वचिच्छून्ये न शयानं प्रबोधयेत् । पंथानं नैकलो यायान्न वार्य्यंजलिना पिबेत्

naikaḥ supyātkvaciccūnye na śayānaṁ prabodhayet paṁthānaṁ naikalo yāyānna vāryyaṁjalinā pibet

One should not sleep alone in a deserted place, and should not wake a sleeping person. One should not walk a road alone, and should not drink water from cupped hands.

Verse 63 (skanda.3.58.63)

न दिवोद्धृतसारं च भक्षयेद्दधि नो निशि । स्त्रीधर्मिणी नाभिवदेन्नाद्यादातृप्ति रात्रिषु

na divoddhṛtasāraṁ ca bhakṣayeddadhi no niśi strīdharmiṇī nābhivadennādyādātṛpti rātriṣu

One should not eat at night curds whose cream was skimmed off by day. One should not speak with a menstruating woman, and should not eat to excess at night.

Verse 64 (skanda.3.58.64)

तौर्यत्रिकप्रियो न स्यात्कांस्ये पादौ न धावयेत् । श्राद्धं कृत्वा परश्राद्धे योऽश्नीयाज्ज्ञानवर्जितः

tauryatrikapriyo na syātkāṁsye pādau na dhāvayet śrāddhaṁ kṛtvā paraśrāddhe yo'śnīyājjñānavarjitaḥ

One should not be excessively fond of song, instrumental music, and dance, and should not wash the feet in a bronze vessel. Whoever, having performed his own shraddha, ignorantly eats at another's shraddha —

Verse 65 (skanda.3.58.65)

दातुः श्राद्धफलं नास्ति भोक्ता किल्बिषभुग्भवेत् । न धारयेदन्यभुक्तं वासश्चोपानहावपि

dātuḥ śrāddhaphalaṁ nāsti bhoktā kilbiṣabhugbhavet na dhārayedanyabhuktaṁ vāsaścopānahāvapi

— that shraddha's merit does not reach the giver, and the eater becomes burdened with sin instead. One should not wear another's used garment, nor another's used sandals.

Verse 66 (skanda.3.58.66)

न भिन्नभाजनेऽश्नीयान्नासीताग्न्यादिदूषिते । आरोहणं गवां पृष्ठे प्रेतधूमं सरित्तटम्

na bhinnabhājane'śnīyānnāsītāgnyādidūṣite ārohaṇaṁ gavāṁ pṛṣṭhe pretadhūmaṁ sarittaṭam

One should not eat from a broken vessel, and should not sit in a place defiled by fire or the like. Riding upon the back of a cow, the smoke of a funeral pyre, and a riverbank —

Verse 67 (skanda.3.58.67)

बालातपं दिवास्वापं त्यजेद्दीर्घं जिजीविषुः । स्नात्वा न मार्जयेद्गात्रं विसृजेन्न शिखां पथि

bālātapaṁ divāsvāpaṁ tyajeddīrghaṁ jijīviṣuḥ snātvā na mārjayedgātraṁ visṛjenna śikhāṁ pathi

— should be avoided by one who desires a long life. One should give up sitting in the early morning sun and sleeping during the day. After bathing, one should not wipe the body dry, and should not loosen the topknot on the road.

Verse 68 (skanda.3.58.68)

हस्तौ शिरो न धुनुयान्नाकर्षेदासनं पदा । करेण नो मृजेद्गात्रं स्नानवस्त्रेण वा पुनः

hastau śiro na dhunuyānnākarṣedāsanaṁ padā kareṇa no mṛjedgātraṁ snānavastreṇa vā punaḥ

One should not shake the head with the hands, and should not drag a seat with the foot. One should not wipe the body with the hand or with the bathing-cloth either.

Verse 69 (skanda.3.58.69)

शुनोच्छिष्टं भवेद्गात्रं पुनः स्नानेन शुध्यति । नोत्पाटयेल्लोमनखं दशनेन कदाचन

śunocchiṣṭaṁ bhavedgātraṁ punaḥ snānena śudhyati notpāṭayellomanakhaṁ daśanena kadācana

If the body has been contaminated by a dog, it is purified again by bathing. One should never bite off body hair or nails with the teeth.

Verse 70 (skanda.3.58.70)

करजैः करजच्छेदं विवर्जयेच्छुभाय तु । यदायत्यां त्यजेत्तन्न कुर्यात्कर्म प्रयत्नतः

karajaiḥ karajacchedaṁ vivarjayecchubhāya tu yadāyatyāṁ tyajettanna kuryātkarma prayatnataḥ

For the sake of auspiciousness, one should not trim the nails with the nails. One should not diligently undertake any task that one will have to abandon later.

Verse 71 (skanda.3.58.71)

अद्वारेण न गन्तव्यं स्ववेश्मापि कदाचन । क्रीडेन्नाज्ञैः सहासीत न धर्म्मघ्नैर्न रोगिभिः

advāreṇa na gaṁtavyaṁ svaveśmāpi kadācana krīḍennājñaiḥ sahāsīta na dharmaghnairna rogibhiḥ

One should never enter even one's own house other than through the door. One should not play with fools, and should not sit together with those who destroy dharma or with the diseased.

Verse 72 (skanda.3.58.72)

न शयीत क्वचिन्नग्नः पाणौ भुंजीत नैव च । आर्द्रपादकरास्योऽश्नन्दीर्घकालं न जीवति

na śayīta kvacinnagnaḥ pāṇau bhuṁjīta naiva ca ārdrapādakarāsyo'śnandīrghakālaṁ na jīvati

One should never sleep naked, and should never eat food held loose in the hand alone. One who eats with wet feet, hands, and face does not live long.

Verse 73 (skanda.3.58.73)

संविशेन्नार्द्रचरणो नोच्छिष्टः क्वचिदाव्रजेत् । शयनस्थो न चाश्नीयान्न पिबेच्च जलं द्विजः

saṁviśennārdracaraṇo nocchiṣṭaḥ kvacidāvrajet śayanastho na cāśnīyānna pibecca jalaṁ dvijaḥ

One should not lie down with wet feet, and should not walk anywhere with an unrinsed mouth. A twice-born should not eat or drink water while lying down.

Verse 74 (skanda.3.58.74)

सोपानत्को नोपविशेन्न जलं चोत्थितः पिबेत् । सर्व्वमम्लमयं नाद्यादारोग्यस्याभिलाषुकः

sopānatko nopaviśenna jalaṁ cotthitaḥ pibet sarvamamlamayaṁ nādyādārogyasyābhilāṣukaḥ

One should not sit while wearing sandals, and should not drink water while standing. One who desires good health should not eat anything overly sour.

Verse 75 (skanda.3.58.75)

न निरीक्षेत विण्मूत्रे नोच्छिष्टः संस्पृशेच्छिरः । नाधितिष्ठेत्तुषांगारभस्मकेशकपालिकाः

na nirīkṣeta viṇmūtre nocchiṣṭaḥ saṁspṛśecchiraḥ nādhitiṣṭhettuṣāṁgārabhasmakeśakapālikāḥ

One should not look at one's own excrement or urine, and should not touch the head with an unrinsed mouth. One should not step upon husk, embers, ashes, hair, or a skull.

Verse 76 (skanda.3.58.76)

पतितैः सह संवासः पतनायैव जायते । दद्यादासनं मंचं न शूद्राय कदाचन

patitaiḥ saha saṁvāsaḥ patanāyaiva jāyate dadyādāsanaṁ maṁcaṁ na śūdrāya kadācana

Dwelling together with the fallen leads only to one's own fall. One should never give a seat or a couch to a shudra.

Verse 77 (skanda.3.58.77)

ब्राह्मण्याद्धीयते विप्रः शूद्रो धर्माच्च हीयते । धर्मोपदेशः शूद्राणां स्वश्रेयः प्रतिघातयेत्

brāhmaṇyāddhīyate vipraḥ śūdro dharmācca hīyate dharmopadeśaḥ śūdrāṇāṁ svaśreyaḥ pratighātayet

By this, the brahmin falls from his own brahminhood, and the shudra too falls from dharma. Instructing shudras in dharma destroys one's own welfare.

Verse 78 (skanda.3.58.78)

द्विजशुश्रूषणं धर्म्मः शूद्राणां हि परो मतः । कण्डूयनं हि शिरसः पाणिभ्यां न शुभं मतम्

dvijaśuśrūṣaṇaṁ dharmaḥ śūdrāṇāṁ hi paro mataḥ kaṇḍūyanaṁ hi śirasaḥ pāṇibhyāṁ na śubhaṁ matam

Service to the twice-born is regarded as the supreme dharma of shudras. Scratching the head with both hands is not considered auspicious.

Verse 79 (skanda.3.58.79)

आदिशेद्वैदिकं मंत्रं न शूद्राय कदाचन । ब्राह्मण्या दीयते विप्रः शूद्रो धर्म्माच्च हीयते

ādiśedvaidikaṁ maṁtraṁ na śūdrāya kadācana brāhmaṇyā dīyate vipraḥ śūdro dharmāccа hīyate

One should never teach a Vedic mantra to a shudra. By doing so, the brahmin falls from his brahminhood, and the shudra too falls from dharma.

Verse 80 (skanda.3.58.80)

आताडनं कराभ्यां च क्रोशनं केशलुंचनम् । अशास्त्रवर्तनं भूयो लुब्धात्कृत्वा प्रतिग्रहम्

ātāḍanaṁ karābhyāṁ ca krośanaṁ keśaluṁcanam aśāstravartanaṁ bhūyo lubdhātkṛtvā pratigraham

Striking with both hands, shouting, tearing out the hair, further conduct contrary to scripture, and accepting a gift from a greedy man —

Verse 81 (skanda.3.58.81)

ब्राह्मणः स च वै याति नरकानेकविंशतिम् । अकालमेघस्तनिते वर्षर्तौ पांसुवर्षणे

brāhmaṇaḥ sa ca vai yāti narakānekaviṁśatim akālameghastanite varṣartau pāṁsuvarṣaṇe

— by these, even a brahmin goes to the twenty-one hells. At the untimely rumbling of clouds, in the rainy season when dust falls like rain —

Verse 82 (skanda.3.58.82)

महाबालध्वनौ रात्रावनध्यायाः प्रकीर्तिताः । उल्कापाते च भूकंपे दिग्दाहे मध्यरात्रिषु

mahābāladhvanau rātrāvanadhyāyāḥ prakīrtitāḥ ulkāpāte ca bhūkaṁpe digdāhe madhyarātriṣu

— when there is the roar of a great storm, at night — these are declared as times unfit for Vedic study. At the fall of a meteor, at an earthquake, when the horizon glows red, at midnight —

Verse 83 (skanda.3.58.83)

मध्ययोर्वृषलोपान्ते राज्यहारे च सूतके । दशाष्टकासु भूतायां श्राद्धाहे प्रतिपद्यपि

madhyayorvṛṣalopāṁte rājyahāre ca sūtake daśāṣṭakāsu bhūtāyāṁ śrāddhāhe pratipadyapi

— near noon and near midnight, in a shudra's presence, at a change of kingship, during a birth or death impurity, on the days of the dashaha and ashtaka rites, on the day of Bhutashtami, on a shraddha day, and even on the first lunar day —

Verse 84 (skanda.3.58.84)

पूर्णिमायां तथाष्टम्यां विड्वरे राष्ट्रविप्लवे । उपाकर्मणि चोत्सर्गे कल्पादिषु युगादिषु

pūrṇimāyāṁ tathāṣṭamyāṁ viḍvare rāṣṭraviplave upākarmaṇi cotsarge kalpādiṣu yugādiṣu

— on the full moon, on the eighth, at a time of danger from the base, at a national upheaval, on the days of upakarma and utsarga, at the start of a kalpa, at the start of a yuga —

Verse 85 (skanda.3.58.85)

आरण्यकमधीत्यापि बाणसाम्नोरपि ध्वनौ । अनध्यायेषु चैतेषु चाधीयीत न वै क्वचित्

āraṇyakamadhītyāpi bāṇasāmnorapi dhvanau anadhyāyeṣu caiteṣu cādhīyīta na vai kvacit

— even while studying the Aranyaka, and at the sound of the bow-string or the Sama chant — during all these forbidden times, one should never engage in Vedic study.

Verse 86 (skanda.3.58.86)

भूताष्टम्योः पञ्चदश्योर्ब्रह्मचारी सदा भवेत् । अनायुष्यकरं चेह परदारोपसर्पणम् । तस्मात्तद्दूरतस्त्याज्य वैरिणां चोपसेवनम्

bhūtāṣṭamyoḥ pañcadaśyorbrahmacārī sadā bhavet anāyuṣyakaraṁ ceha paradāropasarpaṇam tasmāttaddūratastyājya vairiṇāṁ copasevanam

On the days of Bhutashtami and the full moon, one should always remain celibate. Approaching another's wife shortens one's life in this world; therefore it should be shunned from afar, and so should the company of enemies.

Verse 87 (skanda.3.58.87)

पूर्वर्द्धिभिः परित्यक्तमात्मानं नावमानयेत् । सदोद्यमवतां यस्माच्छ्रियो विद्या न दुर्लभाः

pūrvarddhibhiḥ parityaktamātmānaṁ nāvamānayet sadodyamavatāṁ yasmācchriyo vidyā na durlabhāḥ

One should never regard oneself as diminished for having lost former prosperity; for to those who are ever industrious, wealth and learning are never hard to attain.

Verse 88 (skanda.3.58.88)

सत्यं ब्रूयात्प्रियं बूयान्न ब्रूयात्सत्यमप्रियम् । प्रियं च नानृतं ब्रूयादेष धर्मो विधीयते

satyaṁ brūyātpriyaṁ brūyānna brūyātsatyamapriyam priyaṁ ca nānṛtaṁ brūyādeṣa dharmo vidhīyate

One should speak truth, and speak what is pleasant; one should not speak an unpleasant truth. Nor should one speak an untruth merely because it is pleasant — this is the dharma laid down.

Verse 89 (skanda.3.58.89)

वाचोवेगं मनावेगं जिह्वावेगं च वर्जयेत् । गुह्यजान्यपि लोमानि तत्स्पर्शादशुचिर्भवेत

vācovegaṁ manāvegaṁ jihvāvegaṁ ca varjayet guhyajānyapi lomāni tatsparśādaśucirbhaveta

One should check the impulse of speech, the impulse of the mind, and the impulse of the tongue. One becomes impure even by touching the hairs growing on the private parts.

Verse 90 (skanda.3.58.90)

पादधौतोदकं मूत्रमुच्छिष्टान्युदकानि च । निष्ठीवनं च श्लेष्माणं दूराद्दूरं विनिःक्षिपेत

pādadhautodakaṁ mūtramucchiṣṭānyudakāni ca iṣṭhīvanaṁ ca śleṣmāṇaṁ dūrāddūraṁ viniḥkṣipeta

Water used to wash the feet, urine, water left over from a meal, spittle, and phlegm — all of these should be discarded only at a considerable distance.

Verse 91 (skanda.3.58.91)

अहर्न्निशं श्रुतेर्जाप्याच्छौचाचारनिषेवणात । अद्रोहवत्या बुद्ध्या च पूर्वजन्म स्मरेद्द्विजः

aharnniśaṁ śruterjāpyācchaucācāraniṣevaṇāta adrohavatyā buddhyā ca pūrvajanma smaredvijaḥ

Through the recitation of the Veda day and night, through the practice of purity and good conduct, and with a mind free of malice, a twice-born may come to remember his former birth.

Verse 92 (skanda.3.58.92)

वृद्धान्प्रयत्नाद्वंदेत दद्यात्तेषां स्वमासनम । विनम्रकन्धरो भूयादनुयायात्ततश्च तान्

vṛddhānprayatnādvaṁdeta dadyāttteṣāṁ svamāsanam vinamrakaṁdharo bhūyādanuyāyāttataśca tān

One should carefully pay reverence to elders, offer them one's own seat, bow one's neck humbly, and walk behind them when they go.

Verse 93 (skanda.3.58.93)

श्रुतिभूदेवदेवानां नृपसाधुतपस्विनाम् । पतिव्रतानां नारीणां निन्दां कुर्यान्न कर्हिचित्

śrutibhūdevadevānāṁ nṛpasādhutapasvinām pativratānāṁ nārīṇāṁ nindāṁ kuryānna karhicit

One should never speak ill of the Vedas, of brahmins, of gods, of kings, of holy men, of ascetics, or of chaste, devoted wives.

Verse 94 (skanda.3.58.94)

उद्धृत्य पञ्चमृत्पिंडान्स्नायात्परजलाशये । श्रद्धया पात्रमासाद्य यत्किंचिद्दीयते वसु

uddhṛtya pañcamṛtpiṇḍānsnāyātparajalāśaye śraddhayā pātramāsādya yatkiṁciddīyate vasu

When bathing in a reservoir belonging to another, one should first take up five lumps of clay. Whatever wealth is given, with faith, upon finding a worthy recipient —

Verse 95 (skanda.3.58.95)

देशे काले च विधिना तदानंत्याय कल्पते । भूप्रदो मण्डलाधीशः सर्वत्र सुखितोऽन्नदः

deśe kāle ca vidhinā tadānaṁtyāya kalpate bhūprado maṇḍalādhīśaḥ sarvatra sukhito'nnadaḥ

— when given in the proper place, time, and manner, becomes a source of endless merit. The giver of land becomes lord of a realm, and the giver of food finds happiness everywhere.

Verse 96 (skanda.3.58.96)

तोयदाता सुरूपः स्यात्पुष्टश्चान्नप्रदो भवेत । प्रदीपदो निर्मलाक्षो गोदातार्यमलोकभाक्

toyadātā surūpaḥ syātpuṣṭaścānnaprado bhaveta pradīpado nirmalākṣo godātāryamalokabhāk

The giver of water gains a beautiful form, and the giver of food becomes robust. The giver of a lamp gains clear eyes, and the giver of a cow attains the world of Aryaman.

Verse 97 (skanda.3.58.97)

स्वर्णदाता च दीर्घायुस्तिलदः स्याच्च सुप्रजः । वेश्मदोऽत्युच्चसौधेशो वस्त्रदश्चन्द्रलोकभाक्

svarṇadātā ca dīrghāyustiladaḥ syācca suprajaḥ veśmado'tyuccasaudheśo vastradaścaṁdralokabhāk

The giver of gold gains long life, and the giver of sesame gains excellent progeny. The giver of a dwelling becomes lord of a lofty mansion, and the giver of clothing attains the world of the moon.

Verse 98 (skanda.3.58.98)

हयप्रदो दिव्यदेहो लक्ष्मीवान्वृषभप्रदः । सुभार्यः शिबिकादाता सुपर्यंकप्रदोऽपि च

hayaprado divyadeho lakṣmīvānvṛṣabhapradaḥ subhāryaḥ śibikādātā suparyaṁkaprado'pi ca

The giver of a horse gains a divine body, the giver of a bull becomes prosperous, the giver of a palanquin gains an excellent wife, and the giver of a fine couch likewise finds happiness.

Verse 99 (skanda.3.58.99)

श्रद्धया प्रतिगृह्णाति श्रद्धया यः प्रयच्छति । स्वर्गिणौ तावुभौ स्यातां पततोऽश्रद्धया त्वधः

śraddhayā pratigṛhṇāti śraddhayā yaḥ prayacchati svargiṇau tāvubhau syātāṁ pattato'śraddhayā tvadhaḥ

Whoever accepts with faith, and whoever gives with faith, both attain heaven; but done without faith, both instead fall downward.

Verse 100 (skanda.3.58.100)

अनृतेन क्षरेद्यज्ञस्तपो विस्मयतः क्षरेत् । क्षरेत्कीर्तिर्विनादानमायुर्विप्रापमानतः

anṛtena kṣaredyajñastapo vismayataḥ kṣaret kṣaretkīrtirvinādānamāyurviprāpamānataḥ

Through falsehood, the fruit of sacrifice is lost; through arrogance, austerity is lost; without generosity, fame is lost; and through disrespect to a brahmin, life-span is lost.

Verse 101 (skanda.3.58.101)

गंधं पुष्पं कुशा गावः शाकं मांसं पयो दधि । मणिमत्स्यगहं धान्यं ग्राह्यमेतदुपस्थितम्

gaṁdhaṁ puṣpaṁ kuśā gāvaḥ śākaṁ māṁsaṁ payo dadhi maṇimatsyagahaṁ dhānyaṁ grāhyametadupasthitam

Fragrance, flowers, darbha grass, cattle, vegetables, meat, milk, curds, a jewel, fish, a dwelling, and grain — these should be accepted when they are offered unbidden.

Verse 102 (skanda.3.58.102)

मधूदकं फलं मूलमेधांस्यभयदक्षिणा । अभ्युद्यतानि ग्राह्याणि त्वेतान्यपि निकृष्टतः

madhūdakaṁ phalaṁ mūlamedhāṁsyabhayadakṣiṇā abhyudyatāni grāhyāṇi tvetānyapi nikṛṣṭataḥ

Honey, water, fruit, roots, sacrificial materials, the gift of fearlessness, and a priestly fee — these too, when offered unasked, are acceptable, even from one of low standing.

Verse 103 (skanda.3.58.103)

दासनापितगोपालकुलमित्रार्द्धसीरिणः । भोज्यान्नाः शूद्रवर्गेमी तथात्मविनिवेदकः

dāsanāpitagopālakulamitrārddhasīriṇaḥ bhojyānnāḥ śūdravargemī tathātmavinivedakaḥ

A servant, a barber, a cowherd, a family friend, a sharecropper, and one who has offered himself in service — food from these, though they belong to the shudra class, may be eaten.

Verse 104 (skanda.3.58.104)

इत्थमाचारधर्मोयं धर्मारण्यनिवासिनाम् । श्रुतिस्मृत्युक्तधर्मोऽयं युधिष्ठिर निवेदितः

itthamācāradharmoyaṁ dharmāraṇyanivāsinām śrutismṛtyuktadharmo'yaṁ yudhiṣṭhira niveditaḥ

Thus has the code of right conduct for the dwellers of Dharmaranya been described. O Yudhishthira, this dharma, as declared in Shruti and Smriti, has been set forth to you.