The Daily Conduct of the Householder

Verse 1 (vishnu.3.11.1)

सगर उवाच गृहस्थस्य सदाचारं श्रोतुमिच्छाम्यहं मुने । लोकादस्मात् परस्माच्च यमातिष्ठन्न हीयते

sagara uvāca gṛhasthasya sadācāraṁ śrotumicchāmyahaṁ mune lokādasmāt parasmācca yamātiṣṭhanna hīyate

Sagara said: O sage, I wish to hear of the good conduct of the householder, by abiding in which a man never falls away, either from this world or from the world beyond.

Verse 2 (vishnu.3.11.2)

और्व उवाच श्रूयतां पृथिवीपाल सदाचारस्य लक्षणम् । सदाचारवता पुंसा जितौ लोकावुभावपि

aurva uvāca śrūyatāṁ pṛthivīpāla sadācārasya lakṣaṇam sadācāravatā puṁsā jitau lokāvubhāvapi

Aurva said: Hear, O protector of the earth, the definition of good conduct; by a man of good conduct both worlds alike are conquered.

Verse 3 (vishnu.3.11.3)

साधवः क्षीणदोषास्तु सच्छब्दः साधुवाचकः । तेषामाचरणं यस्तु सदाचारस्स उच्यते

sādhavaḥ kṣīṇadoṣāstu sacchabdaḥ sādhuvācakaḥ teṣāmācaraṇaṁ yastu sadācārassa ucyate

The virtuous are those whose faults have been worn away, and the word 'sat' denotes the virtuous; that which is their conduct is called good conduct.

Verse 4 (vishnu.3.11.4)

सप्तर्षयोऽथ मनवः प्रजानां पतयस्तथा । सदाचारस्य वक्तारः कर्तारश्च महीपते

saptarṣayo'tha manavaḥ prajānāṁ patayastathā sadācārasya vaktāraḥ kartāraśca mahīpate

The Seven Sages, and then the Manus, and the lords of creatures, O king -- these are both the declarers and the practitioners of good conduct.

Verse 5 (vishnu.3.11.5)

ब्राह्मे मुहूर्त्ते चोत्थाय मनसा मतिमान्नृप । प्रबुद्धश्चिन्तयेद्धर्ममर्थं चाप्यविरोधिनम्

brāhme muhūrtte cotthāya manasā matimānnṛpa prabuddhaścintayeddharmamarthaṁ cāpyavirodhinam

O king, the intelligent man, rising at the Brahma-muhurta, upon waking should reflect in his mind upon dharma, and upon artha as well, insofar as it does not conflict with dharma.

Verse 6 (vishnu.3.11.6)

अपीडया तयोः काममुभयोरपि चिन्तयेत् । दृष्टादृष्टविनाशाय त्रिवर्गे समदर्शिता

apīḍayā tayoḥ kāmamubhayorapi cintayet dṛṣṭādṛṣṭavināśāya trivarge samadarśitā

Without causing injury to either of these two, let him reflect on kama as well; to avoid ruin both seen and unseen, let him hold an equal regard for all three aims of life.

Verse 7 (vishnu.3.11.7)

परित्यजेदर्थकामौ धर्मपीडाकरौ नृप । धर्ममप्यसुखोदर्कं लोकविद्वेष्टमेव च

parityajedarthakāmau dharmapīḍākarau nṛpa dharmamapyasukhodarkaṁ lokavidveṣṭameva ca

O king, let him abandon artha and kama when they injure dharma; and let him abandon even that dharma whose outcome is unhappy and which is condemned by the world.

Verse 8 (vishnu.3.11.8)

ततः कल्यं समुत्थाय कुर्यान्मैत्रं नरेश्वर

tataḥ kalyaṁ samutthāya kuryānmaitraṁ nareśvara

Then, rising early in the morning, O lord of men, let him engage in friendly greetings [or auspicious thoughts].

Verse 9 (vishnu.3.11.9)

नैरृत्यामिषुविक्षेपमतीत्याभ्यधिकं भुवः । दूरादावसथान्मूत्रं पुरीषं च विसर्जयेत्

nairṛtyāmiṣuvikṣepamatītyābhyadhikaṁ bhuvaḥ dūrādāvasathānmūtraṁ purīṣaṁ ca visarjayet

At a distance from his dwelling in the southwest direction, beyond the range of an arrow's cast, and even further still, let him discharge urine and feces.

Verse 10 (vishnu.3.11.10)

पादावनेजनोच्छिष्टे प्रक्षिपेन्न गृहाङ्गणे

pādāvanejanocchiṣṭe prakṣipenna gṛhāṅgaṇe

Let him not throw the water used for washing his feet, or leftover food, within the courtyard of his house.

Verse 11 (vishnu.3.11.11)

आत्मच्छायां तरुच्छायां गोसूर्याग्न्यनिलांस्तथा । गुरुद्विजादींस्तु बुधो नाधिमेहेत् कदाचन

ātmacchāyāṁ tarucchāyāṁ gosūryāgnyanilāṁstathā gurudvijādīṁstu budho nādhimehet kadācana

Upon his own shadow, upon the shadow of a tree, upon a cow, the sun, fire, and wind, and toward his guru and Brahmins as well, the wise man should never urinate.

Verse 12 (vishnu.3.11.12)

न कृष्टे सस्यमध्ये वा गोव्रजे जनसंसदि । न वर्त्मनि न नद्यादितीर्थेषु पुरुषर्षभ

na kṛṣṭe sasyamadhye vā govraje janasaṁsadi na vartmani na nadyāditīrtheṣu puruṣarṣabha

O bull among men, let him not do so in a ploughed field, amid standing crops, in a cattle-pen, in a gathering of people, on a road, or at river-fords and other sacred places.

Verse 13 (vishnu.3.11.13)

नाप्सु नैवाम्भसस्तीरे श्मशाने न समाचरेत् । उत्सर्गं वै पुरीषस्य मूत्रस्य च विसर्जनम्

nāpsu naivāmbhasastīre śmaśāne na samācaret utsargaṁ vai purīṣasya mūtrasya ca visarjanam

Nor in water, nor on the bank of water, nor in a cremation ground should he ever perform the discharge of feces and the release of urine.

Verse 14 (vishnu.3.11.14)

उदङ्मुखो दिवा मूत्रं विपरीतमुखो निशि । कुर्वीतानापदि प्राज्ञो मूत्रोत्सर्गं च पार्थिव

udaṅmukho divā mūtraṁ viparītamukho niśi kurvītānāpadi prājño mūtrotsargaṁ ca pārthiva

O king, facing north by day, and in the opposite direction by night, the wise man, except in times of distress, should perform the discharge of urine.

Verse 15 (vishnu.3.11.15)

तृणैरास्तीर्य वसुधां वस्त्रप्रावृतमस्तकः । तिष्ठेन्नातिचिरं तत्र नैव किंचिदुदीरयेत्

tṛṇairāstīrya vasudhāṁ vastraprāvṛtamastakaḥ tiṣṭhennāticiraṁ tatra naiva kiṁcidudīrayet

Having spread grass upon the ground, and having covered his head with his cloth, let him not linger there long, and let him utter not a word.

Verse 16 (vishnu.3.11.16)

वल्मीकमूषिकोद्भूतां मृदं नान्तर्जलां तथा । शौचावशिष्टां गेहाच्च नादद्याल्लेपसम्भवाम्

valmīkamūṣikodbhūtāṁ mṛdaṁ nāntarjalāṁ tathā śaucāvaśiṣṭāṁ gehācca nādadyāllepasambhavām

Earth thrown up by a termite mound or a mouse-hole, earth from within water, and earth left over from a previous cleansing or taken from a house's plastered wall -- let him not use [these for purification].

Verse 17 (vishnu.3.11.17)

अणुप्राण्युपपन्नां च हलोत्खातां च पार्थिव । परित्यजेन्मृदो ह्येतास्सकलाश्शौचकर्मणि

aṇuprāṇyupapannāṁ ca halotkhātāṁ ca pārthiva parityajenmṛdo hyetāssakalāśśaucakarmaṇi

O king, earth containing minute creatures, and earth turned up by a plough -- let him wholly avoid all these kinds of earth in the act of purification.

Verse 18 (vishnu.3.11.18)

एका लिंगे गुदे तिस्रो दश वामकरे नृप । हस्तद्वये च सप्त स्युर्मृदश्शौचोपपादिकाः

ekā liṁge gude tisro daśa vāmakare nṛpa hastadvaye ca sapta syurmṛdaśśaucopapādikāḥ

One portion of earth for the male organ, three for the anus, ten for the left hand, and seven for both hands together -- these portions of earth aid in the rite of purification.

Verse 19 (vishnu.3.11.19)

अच्छेनागन्धलेपेन जलेनाबुद्बुदेन च । आचामेच्च मृदं भूयस्तथा दद्यात् समाहितः

acchenāgandhalepena jalenābudbudena ca ācāmecca mṛdaṁ bhūyastathā dadyāt samāhitaḥ

With clear water, free of odor and free of foam, let him again take earth and rinse, and in this same way, with a composed mind, let him complete the rest of the rite.

Verse 20 (vishnu.3.11.20)

निष्पादिताङ्घ्रिशौचस्तु पादावभ्युक्ष्य वै पुनः । त्रिः पिबेत्सलिलं तेन तथा द्विः परिमार्जयेत्

niṣpāditāṅghriśaucastu pādāvabhyukṣya vai punaḥ triḥ pibetsalilaṁ tena tathā dviḥ parimārjayet

Having completed the purification of his feet, and having again sprinkled his feet, let him drink water three times with that same water, and likewise wipe his mouth twice.

Verse 21 (vishnu.3.11.21)

शीर्षण्यानि ततः खानि मूर्द्धानं च समालभेत् । बाहू नाभिं च तोयेन हृदयं चापि संस्पृशेत्

śīrṣaṇyāni tataḥ khāni mūrddhānaṁ ca samālabhet bāhū nābhiṁ ca toyena hṛdayaṁ cāpi saṁspṛśet

Then let him touch the openings of the head's senses, and his head; with water let him touch his arms and navel, and let him touch his heart as well.

Verse 22 (vishnu.3.11.22)

आचांतस्तु ततः कुर्यात् पुमान् केशप्रसाधनम् । आदर्शाञ्जनमाङ्गल्यं दूर्वाद्यालम्भनानि च

ācāṁtastu tataḥ kuryāt pumān keśaprasādhanam ādarśāñjanamāṅgalyaṁ dūrvādyālambhanāni ca

Having duly rinsed, let the man then arrange his hair, and look into a mirror, apply collyrium, perform auspicious rites, and touch durva grass and the like.

Verse 23 (vishnu.3.11.23)

ततस्स्ववर्णधर्मेण वृत्त्यर्थं च धनार्जनम् । कुर्वीत श्रद्धासंपन्नो यजेच्च पृथिवीपते

tatassvavarṇadharmeṇa vṛttyarthaṁ ca dhanārjanam kurvīta śraddhāsaṁpanno yajecca pṛthivīpate

Then, O lord of the earth, in accordance with the duty of his own varna, let him earn wealth for his livelihood, and, endowed with faith, let him also perform sacrifice.

Verse 24 (vishnu.3.11.24)

सोमसंस्था हविस्संस्थाः पाकसंस्थास्तु संस्थिताः । धने यतो मनुष्याणां यतेतातो धनार्जने

somasaṁsthā havissaṁsthāḥ pākasaṁsthāstu saṁsthitāḥ dhane yato manuṣyāṇāṁ yatetāto dhanārjane

The Soma sacrifices, the Havis sacrifices, and the Paka sacrifices -- since these depend upon wealth for men, let him therefore strive after the acquisition of wealth.

Verse 25 (vishnu.3.11.25)

नदीनदतटाकेषु देवखातजलेषु च । नित्यक्रियार्थं स्नायीत गिरिप्रस्रवणेषु च

nadīnadataṭākeṣu devakhātajaleṣu ca nityakriyārthaṁ snāyīta giriprasravaṇeṣu ca

For the sake of his daily rites, let him bathe in rivers, streams, ponds, in waters formed by the gods, and in mountain springs.

Verse 26 (vishnu.3.11.26)

कूपेषूद्धृततोयेन स्नानं कुर्वीत वा भुवि । गृहेषूद्धृततोयेन ह्यथवा भुव्यसम्भवे

kūpeṣūddhṛtatoyena snānaṁ kurvīta vā bhuvi gṛheṣūddhṛtatoyena hyathavā bhuvyasambhave

With water drawn from wells, he may also bathe upon the ground; or, where natural water is unavailable, let him bathe with water drawn within the house.

Verse 27 (vishnu.3.11.27)

शुचिवस्त्रधरः स्नातो देवर्षिपितृतर्पणम् । तेषामेव हि तीर्थेन कुर्वीत सुसमाहितः

śucivastradharaḥ snāto devarṣipitṛtarpaṇam teṣāmeva hi tīrthena kurvīta susamāhitaḥ

Having bathed and put on pure garments, let him, with full concentration, perform the libation to gods, sages, and ancestors, each with its own proper part of the hand.

Verse 28 (vishnu.3.11.28)

त्रिरपः प्रीणनार्थाय देवानामपवर्जयेत् । ऋषीणां च यथान्यायं सकृच्चापि प्रजापतेः

trirapaḥ prīṇanārthāya devānāmapavarjayet ṛṣīṇāṁ ca yathānyāyaṁ sakṛccāpi prajāpateḥ

For the satisfaction of the gods, let him offer water three times, and likewise, duly, for the sages, and once for Prajapati.

Verse 29 (vishnu.3.11.29)

पितॄणां प्रीणनार्थाय त्रिरपः पृथिवीपते । पितामहेभ्यश्च तथा प्रीणयेत्प्रपितामहान्

pitṝṇāṁ prīṇanārthāya trirapaḥ pṛthivīpate pitāmahebhyaśca tathā prīṇayetprapitāmahān

O lord of the earth, for the satisfaction of the ancestors, let him offer water three times, and likewise satisfy the grandfathers and great-grandfathers.

Verse 30 (vishnu.3.11.30)

मातामहाय तत्पित्रे तत्पित्रे च समाहितः । दद्यात्पैत्रेण तीर्थेन काम्यं चान्यच्छृणुष्व मे

mātāmahāya tatpitre tatpitre ca samāhitaḥ dadyātpaitreṇa tīrthena kāmyaṁ cānyacchṛṇuṣva me

To the maternal grandfather, to his father, and to his father in turn, let him, with composed mind, offer water by the ancestral part of the hand; now hear from me also the optional libations.

Verse 31 (vishnu.3.11.31)

मात्रे प्रमात्रे तन्मात्रे गुरुपत्न्यै तथा नृप । गुरूणां मातुलानां च स्निग्धमित्राय भूभुजे

mātre pramātre tanmātre gurupatnyai tathā nṛpa gurūṇāṁ mātulānāṁ ca snigdhamitrāya bhūbhuje

O king, to one's mother, grandmother, and great-grandmother, to the guru's wife, to one's teachers, to maternal uncles, and to a loving friend as well.

Verse 32 (vishnu.3.11.32)

इदं चापि जपेदम्बु दद्यादात्मेच्छया नृप । उपकाराय भूतानां कृतदेवादितर्पणम्

idaṁ cāpi japedambu dadyādātmecchayā nṛpa upakārāya bhūtānāṁ kṛtadevāditarpaṇam

O king, having already performed the offerings to gods and the rest, let him also, of his own free will, recite this and offer water for the benefit of all creatures.

Verse 33 (vishnu.3.11.33)

देवासुरास्तथा यक्षा नागगन्धर्वराक्षसाः । पिशाचा गुह्यकास्सिद्धाः कूष्माण्डाः पशवः खगाः

devāsurāstathā yakṣā nāgagandharvarākṣasāḥ piśācā guhyakāssiddhāḥ kūṣmāṇḍāḥ paśavaḥ khagāḥ

Gods and demons, Yakshas, Nagas, Gandharvas, and Rakshasas, Pishachas, Guhyakas, Siddhas, Kushmandas, beasts, birds,

Verse 34 (vishnu.3.11.34)

जलेचरा भूनिलया वाय्वाहाराश्च जन्तवः । तृप्तिमेतेन यान्त्याशु मद्दत्तेनाम्बुनाऽखिलाः

jalecarā bhūnilayā vāyvāhārāśca jantavaḥ tṛptimetena yāntyāśu maddattenāmbunā'khilāḥ

creatures that dwell in water, that live upon earth, and that feed upon air -- may all of these swiftly attain satisfaction from this water given by me.

Verse 35 (vishnu.3.11.35)

नरकेषु समस्तेषु यातनासु च संस्थिताः । तेषामाप्यायनायैतद्दीयते सलिलं मया

narakeṣu samasteṣu yātanāsu ca saṁsthitāḥ teṣāmāpyāyanāyaitaddīyate salilaṁ mayā

For the satisfaction of those who are established in all the hells and in the torments, this water is given by me.

Verse 36 (vishnu.3.11.36)

ये बान्धवा बान्धवा ये येऽन्यजन्मनि बान्धवाः । ते तृप्तिमखिला यान्तु ये चास्मत्तोयकाङ्क्षिणः

ye bāndhavā bāndhavā ye ye'nyajanmani bāndhavāḥ te tṛptimakhilā yāntu ye cāsmattoyakāṅkṣiṇaḥ

Whoever are my kinsmen, whoever are not kinsmen, and whoever were kinsmen in another birth -- may they all attain complete satisfaction, and whoever else desires water from me.

Verse 37 (vishnu.3.11.37)

यत्र क्वचनसंस्थानां क्षुत्तृष्णोपहतात्मनाम् । इदमाप्यायनायास्तु मया दत्तं तिलोदकम्

yatra kvacanasaṁsthānāṁ kṣuttṛṣṇopahatātmanām idamāpyāyanāyāstu mayā dattaṁ tilodakam

For those established anywhere at all, their souls afflicted by hunger and thirst -- for their satisfaction this water mixed with sesame has been given by me.

Verse 38 (vishnu.3.11.38)

काम्योदकप्रदानं ते मयैतत्कथितं नृप । यद्दत्त्वा प्रीणयत्येतन्मनुष्यस्सकलं जगत् । जगदाप्यायनोद्भूतं पुण्यमाप्नोति चानघ

kāmyodakapradānaṁ te mayaitatkathitaṁ nṛpa yaddattvā prīṇayatyetanmanuṣyassakalaṁ jagat jagadāpyāyanodbhūtaṁ puṇyamāpnoti cānagha

O king, this optional water-offering has been told to you by me, by giving which a man satisfies this entire universe; and, O sinless one, he obtains the merit arising from the satisfaction of the whole world.

Verse 39 (vishnu.3.11.39)

दत्त्वा काम्योदकं सम्यगेतेभ्यः श्राद्धयान्वितः । आचम्य च ततो दद्यात्सूर्याय सलिलांजलिम्

dattvā kāmyodakaṁ samyagetebhyaḥ śrāddhayānvitaḥ ācamya ca tato dadyātsūryāya salilāṁjalim

Having duly and faithfully given this optional water to all of these, and then having rinsed, let him offer to the Sun an offering of water in his cupped hands.

Verse 40 (vishnu.3.11.40)

नमो विवस्वते ब्रह्मभास्वते विष्णुतेजसे । जगत्सवित्रे शुचये सवित्रे कर्मसाक्षिणे

namo vivasvate brahmabhāsvate viṣṇutejase jagatsavitre śucaye savitre karmasākṣiṇe

'Salutation to Vivasvat, radiant with the splendor of Brahman, of Vishnu's own energy, the begetter of the world, the pure Savita, the witness of all deeds.'

Verse 41 (vishnu.3.11.41)

ततो गृहाऽर्चनं कुर्यादभीष्टसुरपूजनम् । जलाभिषेकैः पुष्पैश्च धूपाद्यैश्च निवेदनम्

tato gṛhā'rcanaṁ kuryādabhīṣṭasurapūjanam jalābhiṣekaiḥ puṣpaiśca dhūpādyaiśca nivedanam

Then let him perform worship of the household deity, offering it presentation with libations of water, flowers, and incense and the like.

Verse 42 (vishnu.3.11.42)

अपूर्वमग्निहोत्रं च कुर्यात्प्राग्ब्रह्मणे नृप

apūrvamagnihotraṁ ca kuryātprāgbrahmaṇe nṛpa

Then, thereafter, let him first perform the unprecedented Agnihotra rite, directed to Brahman.

Verse 43 (vishnu.3.11.43)

प्रजापतिं समुद्दिश्य दद्यादाहुतिमादरात् । गृहेभ्यः काश्यपायाथ ततोनुमतये क्रमात्

prajāpatiṁ samuddiśya dadyādāhutimādarāt gṛhebhyaḥ kāśyapāyātha tatonumataye kramāt

With reverence, let him give an oblation directed to Prajapati; then to the household deities; then to Kashyapa; and then, in due order, to the deity of permission.

Verse 44 (vishnu.3.11.44)

तच्छेषं मणिके पृथ्वीपर्जन्येभ्यः क्षिपेत्ततः । द्वारे धातुर्विधातुश्च मध्ये च ब्रह्मणे क्षिपेत्

taccheṣaṁ maṇike pṛthvīparjanyebhyaḥ kṣipettataḥ dvāre dhāturvidhātuśca madhye ca brahmaṇe kṣipet

Taking what remains in a small vessel, let him offer it to Prithvi and to Parjanya; at the doorway, to Dhatr and Vidhatr, and in the middle, to Brahma.

Verse 45 (vishnu.3.11.45)

गृहस्य पुरषव्याघ्र दिग्देवानपि मे शृणु

gṛhasya puraṣavyāghra digdevānapi me śṛṇu

O tiger among men, now hear from me also of the guardian deities of the directions of the house.

Verse 46 (vishnu.3.11.46)

इंद्राय धर्मराजाय वरुणाय तथेंदवे । प्राच्यादिषु बुधो दद्याद्धुतशेषात्मकं बलिम्

iṁdrāya dharmarājāya varuṇāya tatheṁdave prācyādiṣu budho dadyāddhutaśeṣātmakaṁ balim

To Indra, to Dharmaraja, to Varuna, and likewise to the Moon -- in the east and the succeeding directions, let the wise man offer a bali consisting of the remainder of the oblation.

Verse 47 (vishnu.3.11.47)

प्रागुत्तरे च दिग्भागे धन्वंतारिबलिं बुधः । निर्वपैद्वैश्वदेवं च कर्म कुर्य्यादतः परम्

prāguttare ca digbhāge dhanvaṁtāribaliṁ budhaḥ nirvapaidvaiśvadevaṁ ca karma kuryyādataḥ param

In the northeast quarter, let the wise man offer a bali to Dhanvantari; and let him then perform the Vaishvadeva rite.

Verse 48 (vishnu.3.11.48)

वायव्यां वायवे दिक्षु समस्तासु यथादिशम् । ब्रह्मणे चांतरिक्षाय भानवे च क्षिपेद्बलिम्

vāyavyāṁ vāyave dikṣu samastāsu yathādiśam brahmaṇe cāṁtarikṣāya bhānave ca kṣipedbalim

In the northwest, to Vayu, and in all the remaining directions accordingly; and let him offer bali also to Brahma of the atmosphere, and to the Sun.

Verse 49 (vishnu.3.11.49)

विश्वेदेवान्विश्वभूतानष्टौ विश्वपतीन्पितॄन् । यक्षाणां च समुद्दिश्य बलिं दद्यान्नरेश्वर

viśvedevānviśvabhūtānaṣṭau viśvapatīnpitṝn yakṣāṇāṁ ca samuddiśya baliṁ dadyānnareśvara

O lord of men, let him offer a bali directed to the Vishvadevas, to the Vishvabhutas, to the eight Vishvapatis, to the ancestors, and to the Yakshas.

Verse 50 (vishnu.3.11.50)

ततोन्यदन्नमादाय भूमि भागे शुचौ बुधः । दद्यादशेषभूतेभ्यस्स्वेच्छया सुसमाहितः

tatonyadannamādāya bhūmi bhāge śucau budhaḥ dadyādaśeṣabhūtebhyassvecchayā susamāhitaḥ

Then, thereafter, let the wise man take other food, and, upon a pure spot of ground, offer it to all beings without exception, of his own will, with full concentration.

Verse 51 (vishnu.3.11.51)

देवा मनुष्याः पशवो वयांसि सिद्धास्सयक्षोरगदैत्यसङ्घाः । प्रेताः पिशाचास्तरवस्समस्ता ये चान्नमिच्छन्ति मयात्र दत्तम्

devā manuṣyāḥ paśavo vayāṁsi siddhāssayakṣoragadaityasaṅghāḥ pretāḥ piśācāstaravassamastā ye cānnamicchanti mayātra dattam

'Gods, men, beasts, birds, Siddhas, together with hosts of Yakshas, Nagas, and Daityas, ghosts, Pishachas, and trees -- all those who desire this food given by me,

Verse 52 (vishnu.3.11.52)

पिपीलिकाः कीटपतंङ्गकाद्या बुभुक्षिताः कर्मनिबंधबद्धाः । प्रयांति ते तृप्तिमिदं मयान्नं तेभ्यो विसृष्टं सुखिनो भवंतु

pipīlikāḥ kīṭapataṁṅgakādyā bubhukṣitāḥ karmanibaṁdhabaddhāḥ prayāṁti te tṛptimidaṁ mayānnaṁ tebhyo visṛṣṭaṁ sukhino bhavaṁtu

ants, moths, and the like, hungry and bound by the bonds of their karma -- may they attain satisfaction from this food given by me; may this, offered to them, make them happy.'

Verse 53 (vishnu.3.11.53)

येषां न माता न पिता न बन्धुर्नैवान्नसिद्धिर्न तथान्नमस्ति । तत्तृप्तयेऽन्नं भुवि दत्तमेव ते यान्तु तृप्तिं मुदिता भवन्तु

yeṣāṁ na mātā na pitā na bandhurnaivānnasiddhirna tathānnamasti tattṛptaye'nnaṁ bhuvi dattameva te yāntu tṛptiṁ muditā bhavantu

'Those who have neither mother, nor father, nor kinsman, who have neither the means of preparing food nor food itself -- for their satisfaction this food is given upon the earth; may they attain satisfaction and be joyful.'

Verse 54 (vishnu.3.11.54)

भूतानि सर्वाणि तथान्नमेतदहं च विष्णुर्न यतोऽन्यदस्ति । तस्मादहं भूतनिकायभूतमन्नं प्रयच्छामि भवाय तेषाम्

bhūtāni sarvāṇi tathānnametadahaṁ ca viṣṇurna yato'nyadasti tasmādahaṁ bhūtanikāyabhūtamannaṁ prayacchāmi bhavāya teṣām

'All beings, and this food likewise, and I myself -- are Vishnu, for there is nothing apart from him; therefore I offer this food, which is itself the aggregate of all beings, for their well-being.'

Verse 55 (vishnu.3.11.55)

चतुर्दशो भूतगणो य एषः तत्र स्थिता येऽखिलभूतसङ्घाः । तृप्त्यर्थमन्नं हि मया निसृष्टं तेषामिदं ते मुदिता भवन्तु

caturdaśo bhūtagaṇo ya eṣaḥ tatra sthitā ye'khilabhūtasaṅghāḥ tṛptyarthamannaṁ hi mayā nisṛṣṭaṁ teṣāmidaṁ te muditā bhavantu

'Whatever is this fourteenth host of beings, and whatever assemblies of all beings are established there -- for their satisfaction alone has this food been offered by me; may they, through this, be joyful.'

Verse 56 (vishnu.3.11.56)

इत्युच्चार्य नरो दद्यादन्नं श्रद्धासमन्वितः । भुवि सर्वोपकाराय गृही सर्वाश्रयो यतः

ityuccārya naro dadyādannaṁ śraddhāsamanvitaḥ bhuvi sarvopakārāya gṛhī sarvāśrayo yataḥ

Having thus recited, let a man, filled with faith, offer this food, for the benefit of all upon the earth, since the householder is the refuge of all.

Verse 57 (vishnu.3.11.57)

श्वचण्डालविहङ्गानां भुवि दद्यान्नरेश्वर । ये चान्ये पतिताः केचिदपुत्राः सन्ति मानवाः

śvacaṇḍālavihaṅgānāṁ bhuvi dadyānnareśvara ye cānye patitāḥ kecidaputrāḥ santi mānavāḥ

O lord of men, let him also set food upon the ground for dogs, outcastes, and birds, and for whatever other fallen and childless men there may be.

Verse 58 (vishnu.3.11.58)

ततो गोदोहमात्रं वै कालं तिष्ठेद्गृहाङ्गणे । अतिथिग्रहणार्थाय तदूर्ध्वं तु यथेच्छया

tato godohamātraṁ vai kālaṁ tiṣṭhedgṛhāṅgaṇe atithigrahaṇārthāya tadūrdhvaṁ tu yathecchayā

Then let him remain in the courtyard of his house for the time it takes to milk a cow, waiting for a guest; beyond that, he may remain as long as he wishes.

Verse 59 (vishnu.3.11.59)

अतिथिं तत्र सम्प्राप्तं पूजयेत् स्वागतादिना । तथासनप्रदानेन पादप्रक्षालनेन च

atithiṁ tatra samprāptaṁ pūjayet svāgatādinā tathāsanapradānena pādaprakṣālanena ca

Let him honor the guest who arrives there with words of welcome and the like, and also by offering a seat and washing his feet.

Verse 60 (vishnu.3.11.60)

श्रद्धया चान्नदानेन प्रियप्रश्नोत्तरेण च । गच्छतश्चानुयानेन प्रीतिमुत्पादयेद्गृही

śraddhayā cānnadānena priyapraśnottareṇa ca gacchataścānuyānena prītimutpādayedgṛhī

With faithful giving of food, with pleasant questions and answers, and by accompanying him as he departs, let the householder generate affection in his guest.

Verse 61 (vishnu.3.11.61)

अज्ञातकुलनामानमन्यदेशादुपागतम् । पूजयेदतिथिं सम्यङ्नैकग्रामनिवासिनम्

ajñātakulanāmānamanyadeśādupāgatam pūjayedatithiṁ samyaṅnaikagrāmanivāsinam

Let him properly honor a guest whose family and name are unknown, who has come from another country -- and not merely one who dwells in the same village.

Verse 62 (vishnu.3.11.62)

अकिञ्चनमसम्बन्धमज्ञातकुलशालिनम् । असम्पूज्यातिथिं भुक्त्वा भोक्तुकामं व्रजत्यधः

akiñcanamasambandhamajñātakulaśālinam asampūjyātithiṁ bhuktvā bhoktukāmaṁ vrajatyadhaḥ

One who eats without honoring such a guest -- destitute, unconnected, of unknown family, come from another land, and desiring food -- goes downward to a lower state.

Verse 63 (vishnu.3.11.63)

स्वाध्यायगोत्राचरणमपृष्ट्वा च तथा कुलम् । हिरण्यगर्भबुद्ध्या तं मन्येताभ्यागतं गृही

svādhyāyagotrācaraṇamapṛṣṭvā ca tathā kulam hiraṇyagarbhabuddhyā taṁ manyetābhyāgataṁ gṛhī

Without inquiring after his study, his lineage, his conduct, or his family, let the householder regard the guest who has arrived with the understanding that he is Hiranyagarbha himself.

Verse 64 (vishnu.3.11.64)

पित्रर्थं चापरं विप्रमेकमप्याशयेन्नृप । तद्देश्यं विदिताचारसम्भूतिं पाञ्चयज्ञिकम्

pitrarthaṁ cāparaṁ vipramekamapyāśayennṛpa taddeśyaṁ viditācārasambhūtiṁ pāñcayajñikam

O king, for the sake of the ancestors, let him also invite one further Brahmin -- native to the same land, known for his good conduct, and versed in the five [daily] sacrifices.

Verse 65 (vishnu.3.11.65)

अन्नाग्रं च समुद्धृत्य हन्तकारोपकल्पितम् । निर्वापभूतं भूपाल श्रोत्रियायोपपादयेत्

annāgraṁ ca samuddhṛtya hantakāropakalpitam nirvāpabhūtaṁ bhūpāla śrotriyāyopapādayet

O king, having set aside the choicest portion of food, prepared as if for oblation, and fit for the water-libation offering, let him present it to the learned Brahmin.

Verse 66 (vishnu.3.11.66)

दद्याच्च भिक्षात्रितयं परिव्राड्ब्रह्मचारिणाम् । इच्छया च बुधो दद्याद्विभवे सत्यवारितम्

dadyācca bhikṣātritayaṁ parivrāḍbrahmacāriṇām icchayā ca budho dadyādvibhave satyavāritam

Let him also give the threefold alms to wandering mendicants and celibate students; and let the wise man, according to his means, give as much as he wishes, unhindered.

Verse 67 (vishnu.3.11.67)

इत्येतेऽतिथयः प्रोक्ता प्रागुक्ता भिक्षवश्च ये । चतुरः पूजयित्वैतान्नृप पापात् प्रमुच्यते

ityete'tithayaḥ proktā prāguktā bhikṣavaśca ye caturaḥ pūjayitvaitānnṛpa pāpāt pramucyate

These are declared to be the guests, and the previously mentioned mendicants; by honoring these four, O king, a man is freed from sin.

Verse 68 (vishnu.3.11.68)

अतिथिर्यस्य भग्नाशो गृहात् प्रतिनिवर्त्तते । स तस्मै दुष्कृतं दत्त्वा पुण्यमादाय गच्छति

atithiryasya bhagnāśo gṛhāt pratinivarttate sa tasmai duṣkṛtaṁ dattvā puṇyamādāya gacchati

From whose house a guest, his hopes disappointed, departs turning away -- that guest, giving him his own sin, and taking away his merit, then goes.

Verse 69 (vishnu.3.11.69)

धाता प्रजापतिः शक्रो वह्निर्वसुगणोऽर्यमा । प्रविश्यातिथिमेते वै भुञ्जन्तेऽन्नं नरेश्वर

dhātā prajāpatiḥ śakro vahnirvasugaṇo'ryamā praviśyātithimete vai bhuñjante'nnaṁ nareśvara

O lord of men, Dhatr, Prajapati, Shakra, Vahni, the host of Vasus, and Aryaman -- all these, entering into the guest, partake of the food.

Verse 70 (vishnu.3.11.70)

तस्मादतिथिपूजायां यतेत सततं नरः । स केवलमघं भुङ्क्ते यो भुङ्क्ते ह्यतिथिं विना

tasmādatithipūjāyāṁ yateta satataṁ naraḥ sa kevalamaghaṁ bhuṅkte yo bhuṅkte hyatithiṁ vinā

Therefore let a man ever strive after the honoring of guests; he who eats without a guest eats nothing but sin alone.

Verse 71 (vishnu.3.11.71)

ततः सुवासिनीदुःखिगर्भिणीवृद्धबालकान् । भोजयेत् संस्कृतान्नेन प्रथमं चरमं गृही

tataḥ suvāsinīduḥkhigarbhiṇīvṛddhabālakān bhojayet saṁskṛtānnena prathamaṁ caramaṁ gṛhī

Then let the householder feed married women, the distressed, pregnant women, the elderly, and children with duly prepared food first, and let him himself eat last of all.

Verse 72 (vishnu.3.11.72)

अभुक्तवत्सु चैतेषु भुञ्जन् भुङ्क्ते स दुष्कृतम् । मृतश्च गत्वा नरकं श्लेष्मभुग्जायते नरः

abhuktavatsu caiteṣu bhuñjan bhuṅkte sa duṣkṛtam mṛtaśca gatvā narakaṁ śleṣmabhugjāyate naraḥ

If one eats while these have not yet eaten, he eats a most grievous sin; and after death, having gone to hell, he is born as a man who feeds upon phlegm.

Verse 73 (vishnu.3.11.73)

अस्नाताशी मलं भुङ्क्ते ह्यजपी पूयशोणितम् । असंस्कृतान्नभुङ्मूत्रं बालादिप्रथमं शकृत्

asnātāśī malaṁ bhuṅkte hyajapī pūyaśoṇitam asaṁskṛtānnabhuṅmūtraṁ bālādiprathamaṁ śakṛt

He who eats without having bathed eats filth; he who eats without having recited his prayers eats pus and blood; he who eats unconsecrated food eats urine; and he who eats before feeding the children and the rest first eats excrement.

Verse 74 (vishnu.3.11.74)

अहोमी च कृमीन् भुङ्क्ते अदत्त्वा विषमश्नुते

ahomī ca kṛmīn bhuṅkte adattvā viṣamaśnute

He who eats without having performed the fire-oblation eats worms, and he who eats without having given [to others first] eats poison.

Verse 75 (vishnu.3.11.75)

तस्माच्छृणुष्व राजेन्द्र यथा भुञ्जीत वै गृही । भुञ्जतश्च यथा पुंसः पापबन्धो न जायते

tasmācchṛṇuṣva rājendra yathā bhuñjīta vai gṛhī bhuñjataśca yathā puṁsaḥ pāpabandho na jāyate

Therefore, O king of kings, hear how a householder should eat, so that even while eating, no bondage of sin may arise for him.

Verse 76 (vishnu.3.11.76)

इह चारोग्यविपुलं बलबुद्धिस्तथा नृप । भवत्यरिष्टशान्तिश्च वैरिपक्षाभिचारिणः

iha cārogyavipulaṁ balabuddhistathā nṛpa bhavatyariṣṭaśāntiśca vairipakṣābhicāriṇaḥ

From this there arises, in this world, unrivalled health, and increase of strength and understanding, O king; there is also the pacification of ill omens, and protection from the sorcery of one's enemies.

Verse 77 (vishnu.3.11.77)

स्नातो यथावत् कृत्वा च देवर्षिपितृतर्पणम् । प्रशस्तरत्नपाणिस्तु भुञ्जीत प्रयतो गृही

snāto yathāvat kṛtvā ca devarṣipitṛtarpaṇam praśastaratnapāṇistu bhuñjīta prayato gṛhī

Having bathed, and having duly performed the libations to gods, sages, and ancestors, wearing an auspicious jewel upon his hand, let the disciplined householder then eat.

Verse 78 (vishnu.3.11.78)

कृते जपे हुते वह्नौ शुद्धवस्त्रधरो नृप । दत्त्वाऽतिथिभ्यो विप्रेभ्यो गुरुभ्यस्संश्रिताय च । पुण्यगन्धधरः शस्तमाल्यधारी नरेश्वर

kṛte jape hute vahnau śuddhavastradharo nṛpa dattvā'tithibhyo viprebhyo gurubhyassaṁśritāya ca puṇyagandhadharaḥ śastamālyadhārī nareśvara

Having completed his recitations and the fire-oblation, clad in pure garments, having given food to guests, Brahmins, elders, and dependents, O lord of men, wearing pure fragrance and an auspicious garland, [let him then eat].

Verse 79 (vishnu.3.11.79)

नैकवस्त्रधरो नार्द्रपाणिपादो महीपते । विशुद्धवदनः प्रीतो भुञ्जीत न विदिङ्मुखः

naikavastradharo nārdrapāṇipādo mahīpate viśuddhavadanaḥ prīto bhuñjīta na vidiṅmukhaḥ

Not clad in a single garment, nor with wet hands and feet, O lord of the earth; with a clean face, contented, and not facing the [inauspicious] intermediate directions, let him eat.

Verse 80 (vishnu.3.11.80)

प्राङ्मुखोदङ्मुखो वापि न चैवान्यमना नरः । अन्नं प्रशस्तं पथ्यं च प्रोक्षितं प्रोक्षणोदकैः

prāṅmukhodaṅmukho vāpi na caivānyamanā naraḥ annaṁ praśastaṁ pathyaṁ ca prokṣitaṁ prokṣaṇodakaiḥ

Facing east or north, without letting his mind wander elsewhere, let the man eat food that is praiseworthy and wholesome, sprinkled with purifying water.

Verse 81 (vishnu.3.11.81)

न कुत्सिताहृतं नैव जुगुप्सापदसंस्कृतम् । दत्त्वा तु भक्तं शिष्येभ्यः क्षुधितेभ्यस्तथा गृही

na kutsitāhṛtaṁ naiva jugupsāpadasaṁskṛtam dattvā tu bhaktaṁ śiṣyebhyaḥ kṣudhitebhyastathā gṛhī

Let him not eat food that has been brought in a contemptible manner, or that is repugnant and unconsecrated; and let the householder, having given a portion to his hungry students as well, then eat.

Verse 82 (vishnu.3.11.82)

प्रशस्तशुद्धपात्रे तु भुञ्जीताकुपितो द्विजः

praśastaśuddhapātre tu bhuñjītākupito dvijaḥ

Let the twice-born eat, free from anger, only from a praiseworthy and clean vessel.

Verse 83 (vishnu.3.11.83)

नासन्दिसंस्थिते पात्रे नादेशे च नरेश्वर । नाकाले नातिसङ्कीर्णे दत्त्वाग्रं च नरोऽग्नये

nāsandisaṁsthite pātre nādeśe ca nareśvara nākāle nātisaṅkīrṇe dattvāgraṁ ca naro'gnaye

Not from a vessel placed upon a couch, O lord of men, nor in an unsuitable place, nor at an improper time, nor amid excessive crowding; and having first offered the choicest portion to the fire.

Verse 84 (vishnu.3.11.84)

मन्त्राभिमन्त्रितं शस्तं न च पर्युषितं नृप । अन्यत्र फलमूलेभ्यः शुष्कशाखादिकात् तथा

mantrābhimantritaṁ śastaṁ na ca paryuṣitaṁ nṛpa anyatra phalamūlebhyaḥ śuṣkaśākhādikāt tathā

O king, food that has been consecrated with mantras is praiseworthy, but not stale food -- except in the case of fruits and roots, and things obtained from dried branches and the like,

Verse 85 (vishnu.3.11.85)

तद्वद्धारीतकेभ्यश्च गुडभक्ष्येभ्य एव च । भुञ्जीतोद्धृतसाराणि न कदापि नरेश्वर

tadvaddhārītakebhyaśca guḍabhakṣyebhya eva ca bhuñjītoddhṛtasārāṇi na kadāpi nareśvara

and likewise dried fruits such as harītakī, and preparations made with molasses; but, O lord of men, even of these, if their essence has already been extracted, let him never eat them.

Verse 86 (vishnu.3.11.86)

न शेषं पुरुषोऽश्नीयादन्यत्र जगतीपते । मध्वम्बुदधिसर्पिभ्यः सक्तुभ्यश्च विवेकवान्

na śeṣaṁ puruṣo'śnīyādanyatra jagatīpate madhvambudadhisarpibhyaḥ saktubhyaśca vivekavān

O lord of the earth, a man should not eat leftover food, except honey, water, curds, ghee, and roasted barley-meal -- of these, the discerning man may partake.

Verse 87 (vishnu.3.11.87)

अश्नीयात् तन्मयो भूत्वा पूर्वं तु मधुरं रसम् । लवणाम्लौ तथा मध्ये कटुतिक्तादिकांस्ततः

aśnīyāt tanmayo bhūtvā pūrvaṁ tu madhuraṁ rasam lavaṇāmlau tathā madhye kaṭutiktādikāṁstataḥ

Absorbed in that taste, let him eat first the sweet flavor, then in the middle the salty and sour flavors, and thereafter the pungent, bitter, and other flavors.

Verse 88 (vishnu.3.11.88)

प्राग्द्रवं पुरुषोऽश्नीयान्मध्ये कठिनभोजनः । अन्ते पुनर्द्रवाशी तु बलारोग्ये न मुञ्चति

prāgdravaṁ puruṣo'śnīyānmadhye kaṭhinabhojanaḥ ante punardravāśī tu balārogye na muñcati

A man should eat liquid food first, solid food in the middle, and again partake of liquid food at the end -- one who does so does not forfeit strength and health.

Verse 89 (vishnu.3.11.89)

अनिन्द्यं भक्षयेदित्थं वाग्यतोऽन्नमकुत्सयन् । पञ्चग्रासं महामौनं प्राणाद्याप्यायनं हि तत्

anindyaṁ bhakṣayeditthaṁ vāgyato'nnamakutsayan pañcagrāsaṁ mahāmaunaṁ prāṇādyāpyāyanaṁ hi tat

Thus, with restrained speech, and without disparaging the food, let him eat what is blameless; taking five morsels in great silence -- this indeed is the means of nourishing the vital breaths.

Verse 90 (vishnu.3.11.90)

भुक्त्वा सम्यगथाचम्य प्राङ्मुखोदङ्मुखोऽपि वा । यथावत् पुनराचामेत् पाणी प्रक्षाल्य मूलतः

bhuktvā samyagathācamya prāṅmukhodaṅmukho'pi vā yathāvat punarācāmet pāṇī prakṣālya mūlataḥ

Having eaten properly, and rinsed while facing east or north, let him wash his hands to the very base, and again rinse in due manner.

Verse 91 (vishnu.3.11.91)

स्वस्थः प्रशान्तचित्तस्तु कृतासनपरिग्रहः । अभीष्टदेवतानां तु कुर्वीत स्मरणं नरः

svasthaḥ praśāntacittastu kṛtāsanaparigrahaḥ abhīṣṭadevatānāṁ tu kurvīta smaraṇaṁ naraḥ

Composed and tranquil in mind, having taken his seat, let the man call to mind his chosen deities.

Verse 92 (vishnu.3.11.92)

अग्निराप्याययेद्धातुं पार्थिवं पवनेरितः । दत्तावकाशं नभसा जरयत्यस्तु मे सुखम्

agnirāpyāyayeddhātuṁ pārthivaṁ pavaneritaḥ dattāvakāśaṁ nabhasā jarayatyastu me sukham

'May Agni nourish the earthy element, driven on by the wind; may that food, given space by the ether, be digested -- may I have happiness.'

Verse 93 (vishnu.3.11.93)

अन्नं बलाय मे भूमेरपामग्न्यनिलस्य च । भवत्येतत्परीणतं ममास्त्यव्याहतं सुखम्

annaṁ balāya me bhūmerapāmagnyanilasya ca bhavatyetatparīṇataṁ mamāstyavyāhataṁ sukham

'May this food be for the strength of the earth, water, fire, and wind within me; may it, well digested, produce unimpeded happiness for me.'

Verse 94 (vishnu.3.11.94)

प्राणापानसमानानामुदानव्यानयोस्तथा । अन्नं पुष्टिकरं चास्तु ममाप्यव्याहतं सुखम्

prāṇāpānasamānānāmudānavyānayostathā annaṁ puṣṭikaraṁ cāstu mamāpyavyāhataṁ sukham

'May this food be nourishing for the Prana, Apana, Samana, Udana, and Vyana [the five vital breaths]; may unimpeded happiness be mine as well.'

Verse 95 (vishnu.3.11.95)

अगस्तिरग्निर्वडवानलश्च भुक्तं मयान्नं जरयत्वशेषम् । सुखं च मे तत्परिणामसम्भवं यच्छन्त्वरोगं मम चास्तु देहे

agastiragnirvaḍavānalaśca bhuktaṁ mayānnaṁ jarayatvaśeṣam sukhaṁ ca me tatpariṇāmasambhavaṁ yacchantvarogaṁ mama cāstu dehe

'May Agastya, Agni, and the submarine fire digest all this food eaten by me; may the happiness arising from its transformation be mine, and may there be freedom from disease in my body.'

Verse 96 (vishnu.3.11.96)

विष्णुः समस्तेन्द्रियदेहदेही वृथा न भूतो भगवान् यथैकः । सत्येन तेनात्तमशेषमन्नमारोग्यतां मे परिणाममेतु

viṣṇuḥ samastendriyadehadehī vṛthā na bhūto bhagavān yathaikaḥ satyena tenāttamaśeṣamannamārogyatāṁ me pariṇāmametu

'Vishnu is the very self of all the senses, the body, and the embodied; the Lord did not become the sole reality in vain -- by that very truth, may all this food eaten by me, in its transformation, bring health to me.'

Verse 97 (vishnu.3.11.97)

विष्णुरत्ता तथैवान्नं परिणामश्च वै तथा । सत्येन तेन मद्भुक्तं जीर्यत्यन्नमिदं तथा

viṣṇurattā tathaivānnaṁ pariṇāmaśca vai tathā satyena tena madbhuktaṁ jīryatyannamidaṁ tathā

'Vishnu is the eater, and likewise Vishnu is the food, and Vishnu too is its transformation -- by that very truth, may this food eaten by me be well digested.'

Verse 98 (vishnu.3.11.98)

इत्युच्चार्य स्वहस्तेन परिमृज्य तथोदरम् । अनायासप्रदायीनि कुर्यात् कर्माण्यतन्द्रितः

ityuccārya svahastena parimṛjya tathodaram anāyāsapradāyīni kuryāt karmāṇyatandritaḥ

Having thus recited, and stroking his belly with his own hand, let him, free from lethargy, engage in activities that come easily and comfortably.

Verse 99 (vishnu.3.11.99)

सच्छास्त्रादिविनोदेन सन्मार्गादविरोधिना । दिनं नयेत् ततस्सन्ध्यामुपतिष्ठेत् समाहितः

sacchāstrādivinodena sanmārgādavirodhinā dinaṁ nayet tatassandhyāmupatiṣṭhet samāhitaḥ

Let him pass the day with the diversion of good scriptures and the like, not contrary to the righteous path, and then, with composed mind, attend to the twilight worship.

Verse 100 (vishnu.3.11.100)

दिनान्तसन्ध्यां सूर्येण पूर्वामृक्षैर्युतां बुधः । उपतिष्ठेद्यथान्याय्यं सम्यगाचम्य पार्थिव

dināntasandhyāṁ sūryeṇa pūrvāmṛkṣairyutāṁ budhaḥ upatiṣṭhedyathānyāyyaṁ samyagācamya pārthiva

O king, let the wise man, having duly rinsed, worship in the proper manner the evening twilight, at the end of the day, together with the sun and the preceding constellations.

Verse 101 (vishnu.3.11.101)

सर्वकालमुपस्थानं सन्ध्ययोः पार्थिवेष्यते । अन्यत्र सूतकाशौचविभ्रमातुरभीतितः

sarvakālamupasthānaṁ sandhyayoḥ pārthiveṣyate anyatra sūtakāśaucavibhramāturabhītitaḥ

For the king, attendance at both twilights is required at all times, except on occasions of birth or death impurity, confusion, illness, or fear.

Verse 102 (vishnu.3.11.102)

सूर्येणाभ्युदितो यश्च त्यक्तः सूर्येण वा स्वपन् । अन्यत्रातुरभावात्तु प्रायश्चित्ती भवेन्नरः

sūryeṇābhyudito yaśca tyaktaḥ sūryeṇa vā svapan anyatrāturabhāvāttu prāyaścittī bhavennaraḥ

He who is overtaken by sunrise while still asleep, or who is asleep at sunset -- except in illness -- becomes liable to a penance.

Verse 103 (vishnu.3.11.103)

तस्मादनुदिते सूर्ये समुत्थाय महीपते । उपतिष्ठेन्नरस्सन्ध्यामस्वपंश्च दिनान्तजाम्

tasmādanudite sūrye samutthāya mahīpate upatiṣṭhennarassandhyāmasvapaṁśca dināntajām

Therefore, O lord of the earth, rising even before sunrise, and without sleeping, let a man attend to the evening twilight that occurs at day's end.

Verse 104 (vishnu.3.11.104)

उपतिष्ठन्ति वै सन्ध्यां ये न पूर्वां न पश्चिमाम् । व्रजन्ति ते दुरात्मानस्तमिस्रं नरकं नृप

upatiṣṭhanti vai sandhyāṁ ye na pūrvāṁ na paścimām vrajanti te durātmānastamisraṁ narakaṁ nṛpa

O king, those who attend to neither the morning nor the evening twilight -- such evil-souled men go to the hell called Tamisra.

Verse 105 (vishnu.3.11.105)

पुनः पाकमुपादाय सायमप्यवनीपते । वैश्वदेवनिमित्तं वै पत्न्यमन्त्रं बलिं हरेत्

punaḥ pākamupādāya sāyamapyavanīpate vaiśvadevanimittaṁ vai patnyamantraṁ baliṁ haret

O lord of the earth, having again prepared cooked food, let his wife, in the evening too, offer the bali for the Vaishvadeva rite without mantras.

Verse 106 (vishnu.3.11.106)

तत्रापि श्वपचादिभ्यस्तथैवान्नविसर्जनम्

tatrāpi śvapacādibhyastathaivānnavisarjanam

There too, in this same way, let food be set aside for the outcastes and the rest.

Verse 107 (vishnu.3.11.107)

अतिथिं चागतं तत्र स्वशक्तया पूजयेद्बुधः । पादशौचासनप्रह्वस्वागतोक्त्या च पूजनम् । ततश्चान्नप्रदानेन शयनेन च पार्थिव

atithiṁ cāgataṁ tatra svaśaktayā pūjayedbudhaḥ pādaśaucāsanaprahvasvāgatoktyā ca pūjanam tataścānnapradānena śayanena ca pārthiva

Let the wise man also honor, according to his means, any guest who arrives there -- honoring him by washing his feet, offering a seat, bowing and speaking words of welcome, and then, O king, by the gift of food and a resting-place as well.

Verse 108 (vishnu.3.11.108)

दिवातिथौ तु विमुखे गते यत्पातकं नृप । तदेवाष्टगुणं पुंसस्सूर्योढे विमुखे गते

divātithau tu vimukhe gate yatpātakaṁ nṛpa tadevāṣṭaguṇaṁ puṁsassūryoḍhe vimukhe gate

O king, whatever sin arises from turning away a guest who came by day disappointed, that same sin becomes eightfold when the guest who came after sunset is turned away disappointed.

Verse 109 (vishnu.3.11.109)

तस्मात् स्वशक्त्या राजेन्द्र सूर्योढमतिथिं नरः । पूजयेत् पूजिते तस्मिन् पूजितास्सर्वदेवताः

tasmāt svaśaktyā rājendra sūryoḍhamatithiṁ naraḥ pūjayet pūjite tasmin pūjitāssarvadevatāḥ

Therefore, O king of kings, a man should, according to his means, honor even the guest who arrives after sunset; when he is honored, all the gods are honored.

Verse 110 (vishnu.3.11.110)

अन्नशाकाम्बुदानेन स्वशक्त्या पूजयेत् पुमान् । शयनप्रस्तरमहीप्रदानैरथवापि तम्

annaśākāmbudānena svaśaktyā pūjayet pumān śayanaprastaramahīpradānairathavāpi tam

Let a man honor him according to his means with the gift of food, vegetables, and water, or else with the gift of a bed, a seat, and lodging.

Verse 111 (vishnu.3.11.111)

कृतपादादिशौचस्तु भुक्त्वा सायं ततो गृही । गच्छेच्छय्यामस्फुटितामपि दारुमयीं नृप

kṛtapādādiśaucastu bhuktvā sāyaṁ tato gṛhī gacchecchayyāmasphuṭitāmapi dārumayīṁ nṛpa

O king, having purified his feet and the rest, and having eaten his evening meal, let the householder then go to his bed, even if it be made of wood, and even a cracked one at that.

Verse 112 (vishnu.3.11.112)

नाविशालां न वै भुग्नां नासमां मलिनां न च । न च जन्तुमयीं शय्यामधितिष्ठेदनास्तृताम्

nāviśālāṁ na vai bhugnāṁ nāsamāṁ malināṁ na ca na ca jantumayīṁ śayyāmadhitiṣṭhedanāstṛtām

Let him not lie upon a bed that is too wide, or bent, or uneven, or soiled; nor upon one infested with vermin, nor upon one that is unspread.

Verse 113 (vishnu.3.11.113)

प्राच्यां दिशि शिरश्शस्तं याम्यायामथ वा नृप । सदैव स्वपतः पुंसो विपरीतं तु रोगदम्

prācyāṁ diśi śiraśśastaṁ yāmyāyāmatha vā nṛpa sadaiva svapataḥ puṁso viparītaṁ tu rogadam

O king, for one who is sleeping, the head should always be praised as lying to the east, or else to the south; the opposite is conducive to disease.

Verse 114 (vishnu.3.11.114)

ऋतावुपगमश्शस्तस्स्वपत्न्यामवनीपते । पुन्नामर्क्षे शुभे काले ज्येष्ठायुग्मासु रात्रिषु

ṛtāvupagamaśśastassvapatnyāmavanīpate punnāmarkṣe śubhe kāle jyeṣṭhāyugmāsu rātriṣu

O lord of the earth, approaching one's own wife during her fertile season is praised -- under a constellation productive of sons, at an auspicious time, and, excepting the Jyeshtha constellation, on even-numbered nights.

Verse 115 (vishnu.3.11.115)

नाद्यूनां तु स्त्रियं गच्छेन्नातुरां न रजस्वलाम् । नानिष्टां न प्रकुपितां न त्रस्तां न च गर्भिणीम्

nādyūnāṁ tu striyaṁ gacchennāturāṁ na rajasvalām nāniṣṭāṁ na prakupitāṁ na trastāṁ na ca garbhiṇīm

Let him not approach a woman who is a minor, or ill, or menstruating; nor one who is unwilling, or angry, or frightened, or pregnant.

Verse 116 (vishnu.3.11.116)

नादक्षिणां नान्यकामां नाकामां नान्ययोषितम् । क्षुत्क्षामां नातिभुक्तां वा स्वयं चैभिर्गुणैर्युतः

nādakṣiṇāṁ nānyakāmāṁ nākāmāṁ nānyayoṣitam kṣutkṣāmāṁ nātibhuktāṁ vā svayaṁ caibhirguṇairyutaḥ

Nor one who is unfavorable, or whose desire is elsewhere, or who is without desire, or who belongs to another; nor one weakened by hunger, or who has eaten to excess -- and let him himself too be free from these same faults.

Verse 117 (vishnu.3.11.117)

स्नातस्स्रग्गन्धधृक् प्रीतो नाध्मातः क्षुधितोऽपि वा । सकामस्सानुरागश्च व्यवायं पुरुषो व्रजेत्

snātassraggandhadhṛk prīto nādhmātaḥ kṣudhito'pi vā sakāmassānurāgaśca vyavāyaṁ puruṣo vrajet

Bathed, wearing a garland and fragrance, contented, neither bloated nor overly hungry -- let a man come to union only when possessed of desire and affection.

Verse 118 (vishnu.3.11.118)

चतुर्दश्यष्टमी चैव तथामा चाथ पूर्णिमा । पर्वाण्येतानि राजेन्द्र रविसङ्क्रान्तिरेव च

caturdaśyaṣṭamī caiva tathāmā cātha pūrṇimā parvāṇyetāni rājendra ravisaṅkrāntireva ca

The fourteenth, the eighth, and likewise the new-moon and full-moon days -- these, O king of kings, are the sacred days, and likewise the sun's transit into a new sign.

Verse 119 (vishnu.3.11.119)

तैलस्त्रीमांससम्भोगी सर्वेष्वेतेषु वै पुमान् । विण्मूत्रभोजनं नाम प्रयाति नरकं मृतः

tailastrīmāṁsasambhogī sarveṣveteṣu vai pumān viṇmūtrabhojanaṁ nāma prayāti narakaṁ mṛtaḥ

A man who, on all of these occasions, partakes of oil, sexual union, or meat, goes after death to the hell called Vinmutrabhojana.

Verse 120 (vishnu.3.11.120)

अशेषपर्वस्वेतेषु तस्मात् संयमिभिर्बुधैः । भाव्यं सच्छास्त्रदेवेज्याध्यानजप्यपरैर्नरैः

aśeṣaparvasveteṣu tasmāt saṁyamibhirbudhaiḥ bhāvyaṁ sacchāstradevejyādhyānajapyaparairnaraiḥ

Therefore, on all of these sacred days, disciplined and wise men should be devoted to good scriptures, worship of the gods, meditation, and recitation.

Verse 121 (vishnu.3.11.121)

नान्ययोनावयोनौ वा नोपयुक्तौषधस्तथा । द्विजदेवगुरूणां च व्यवायी नाश्रमे भवेत्

nānyayonāvayonau vā nopayuktauṣadhastathā dvijadevagurūṇāṁ ca vyavāyī nāśrame bhavet

One who unites in a manner other than the natural, or in another's womb, or who has taken medicine, should likewise not engage in union within the precincts of Brahmins, deities, or one's teachers.

Verse 122 (vishnu.3.11.122)

चैत्यचत्वरतीरेषु नैव गोष्ठे चतुष्पथे । नैव श्मशानोपवने सलिलेषु महीपते

caityacatvaratīreṣu naiva goṣṭhe catuṣpathe naiva śmaśānopavane salileṣu mahīpate

At sacred shrines, crossroads, and riverbanks; in a cattle-pen, at a crossing; and, O lord of the earth, likewise in a cremation ground, a grove, or in water.

Verse 123 (vishnu.3.11.123)

प्रोक्तपर्वस्वशेषेषु नैव भूपाल सन्ध्ययोः । गच्छेद्व्यवायं मनसा न मूत्रोच्चारपीडितः

proktaparvasvaśeṣeṣu naiva bhūpāla sandhyayoḥ gacchedvyavāyaṁ manasā na mūtroccārapīḍitaḥ

On all the aforementioned sacred days, and, O king, likewise at the time of both twilights, let him not engage in union; and, when oppressed by the urge to urinate or defecate, let him not even in mind desire union.

Verse 124 (vishnu.3.11.124)

पर्वस्वभिगमोऽधन्यो दिवा पापप्रदो नृप । भुवि रोगावहो नॄणामप्रशस्तो जलाशये

parvasvabhigamo'dhanyo divā pāpaprado nṛpa bhuvi rogāvaho nṝṇāmapraśasto jalāśaye

Union on sacred days is inauspicious; union by day brings sin; union upon the bare ground brings disease to men; and union in a body of water is unpraised.

Verse 125 (vishnu.3.11.125)

परदारान्न गच्छेत मनसापि कथञ्चन । किमु वाचास्थिबन्धोऽपि नास्ति तेषु व्यवायिनाम्

paradārānna gaccheta manasāpi kathañcana kimu vācāsthibandho'pi nāsti teṣu vyavāyinām

Let him never approach another's wife even in thought -- what then of doing so in speech -- for those who unite with her, there is not even the release given by the [breaking of] bones.

Verse 126 (vishnu.3.11.126)

मृतो नरकमभ्येति हीयतेऽत्रापि चायुषः । परदाररतिः पुंसामिह चामुत्र भीतिदा

mṛto narakamabhyeti hīyate'trāpi cāyuṣaḥ paradāraratiḥ puṁsāmiha cāmutra bhītidā

Dying, he attains hell, and even here his lifespan is diminished; passion for another's wife brings fear to men, both in this world and in the next.

Verse 127 (vishnu.3.11.127)

इति मत्वा स्वदारेषु ऋतुमत्सु बुधो व्रजेत् । यथोक्तदोषहीनेषु सकामेष्वनृतावपि

iti matvā svadāreṣu ṛtumatsu budho vrajet yathoktadoṣahīneṣu sakāmeṣvanṛtāvapi

Knowing this, let the wise man go only to his own wife, when she is in her fertile season -- free of the aforementioned faults, and, even when moved by desire, only rarely outside that season as well.