The Course of Creation — Part Two

Verse 1 (shiva.uma.31.1)

शौनक उवाच । देवानां दानवानां च गन्धर्वोरगरक्षसाम् । सृष्टिं तु विस्तरेणेमां सूतपुत्र वदाशु मे

śaunaka uvāca devānāṁ dānavānāṁ ca gandharvoragarakṣasām sṛṣṭiṁ tu vistareṇemāṁ sūtaputra vadāśu me

Shaunaka said: O son of Suta, tell me now, in detail, of this creation of the gods, danavas, gandharvas, serpents, and rakshasas.

Verse 2 (shiva.uma.31.2)

सूत उवाच । यदा न ववृधे सा तु वीरणस्य प्रजापतिः । सुतां सुतपसा युक्तामाह्वयत्सर्गकारणात्

sūta uvāca yadā na vavṛdhe sā tu vīraṇasya prajāpatiḥ sutāṁ sutapasā yuktāmāhvayatsargakāraṇāt

Suta said: When that progeny did not increase, then Prajapati Daksha summoned the daughter of Virana, endowed with great austerity, for the purpose of further creation.

Verse 3 (shiva.uma.31.3)

स मैथुनेन धर्मेण ससर्ज विविधाः प्रजाः । ताः शृणु त्वं महाप्राज्ञ कथयामि समासतः

sa maithunena dharmeṇa sasarja vividhāḥ prajāḥ tāḥ śṛṇu tvaṁ mahāprājña kathayāmi samāsataḥ

He, through righteous sexual union, created manifold creatures; hear of them, O greatly wise one — I shall tell it in brief.

Verse 4 (shiva.uma.31.4)

तस्यां पुत्रसहस्राणि वीरिण्यां पञ्च वीर्यवान् । आश्रित्य जनयामास दक्ष एव प्रजापतिः

tasyāṁ putrasahasrāṇi vīriṇyāṁ pañca vīryavān āśritya janayāmāsa dakṣa eva prajāpatiḥ

In her, Virani, the mighty Prajapati Daksha, relying upon her, begot five thousand sons.

Verse 5 (shiva.uma.31.5)

एतान् सृष्टांस्तु तान्दृष्ट्वा नारदः प्राह वै मुनिः । सत्रे स तु समुत्पन्नो नारदः परमेष्ठिनः

etān sṛṣṭāṁstu tāndṛṣṭvā nāradaḥ prāha vai muniḥ satre sa tu samutpanno nāradaḥ parameṣṭhinaḥ

Seeing these created sons, the sage Narada — who had himself arisen at the sacrificial session, born of Brahma — spoke to them.

Verse 6 (shiva.uma.31.6)

श्रुतवान्वा कश्यपाद्वै पुंसां सृष्टिर्भविष्यति । दक्षस्यैव दुहितृषु तस्मात्तानब्रवीत्तु सः

śrutavānvā kaśyapādvai puṁsāṁ sṛṣṭirbhaviṣyati dakṣasyaiva duhitṛṣu tasmāttānabravīttu saḥ

He had heard from Kashyapa that the creation of humankind would occur through the daughters of Daksha alone; therefore he spoke to them.

Verse 7 (shiva.uma.31.7)

अजानन्तः कथं सृष्टिं बालिशा वै करिष्यथ । दिशं काञ्चिदजानन्तस्तस्माद्विज्ञाय तां भुवम्

ajānantaḥ kathaṁ sṛṣṭiṁ bāliśā vai kariṣyatha diśaṁ kāñcidajānantastasmādvijñāya tāṁ bhuvam

'O foolish ones, not knowing the true nature of things, how will you accomplish creation? You do not even know any direction — go, then, and first come to know this earth.'

Verse 8 (shiva.uma.31.8)

इत्युक्ताः प्रययुः सर्वे आशां विज्ञातुमोजसा । तदन्तं न हि सम्प्राप्य न निवृत्ताः पितुर्गृहम्

ityuktāḥ prayayuḥ sarve āśāṁ vijñātumojasā tadantaṁ na hi samprāpya na nivṛttāḥ piturgṛham

Thus addressed, all of them set out with vigor to know the farthest horizon; but not having reached its end, they did not return to their father's house.

Verse 9 (shiva.uma.31.9)

तज्ज्ञात्वा जनयामास पुनः पञ्चशतान् सुतान् । तानुवाच पुनः सोऽपि नारदः सर्वदर्शनः

tajjñātvā janayāmāsa punaḥ pañcaśatān sutān tānuvāca punaḥ so'pi nāradaḥ sarvadarśanaḥ

Knowing this, Daksha again begot five hundred sons; and Narada, the all-seeing, again spoke to them as well.

Verse 10 (shiva.uma.31.10)

नारद उवाच । भुवो मानमजानन्तः कथं सृष्टिं करिष्यथ । सर्वे हि बालिशाः किं हि सृष्टिकर्तुं समुद्यताः

nārada uvāca bhuvo mānamajānantaḥ kathaṁ sṛṣṭiṁ kariṣyatha sarve hi bāliśāḥ kiṁ hi sṛṣṭikartuṁ samudyatāḥ

Narada said: Not knowing the measure of the earth, how will you accomplish creation? You are all indeed foolish — how are you prepared to become creators?

Verse 11 (shiva.uma.31.11)

सूत उवाच । तेऽपि तद्वचनं श्रुत्वा निर्याताः सर्वतोदिशम् । सुबलाश्वा दक्षसुता हर्यश्वा इव ते पुरा

sūta uvāca te'pi tadvacanaṁ śrutvā niryātāḥ sarvatodiśam subalāśvā dakṣasutā haryaśvā iva te purā

Suta said: They too, having heard those words, set out in every direction — those sons of Daksha, the Shabalashvas, just as the Haryashvas had done before.

Verse 12 (shiva.uma.31.12)

अनन्तं पुष्करं प्राप्य गतास्तेऽपि पराभवम् । अद्यापि न निवर्तन्ते समुद्रेभ्य इवापगाः

anantaṁ puṣkaraṁ prāpya gatāste'pi parābhavam adyāpi na nivartante samudrebhya ivāpagāḥ

Having reached the endless Pushkara, they too met with ruin; even today they do not return, like rivers that flow into the ocean.

Verse 13 (shiva.uma.31.13)

तदाप्रभृति वै भ्राता भ्रातुरन्वेषणे रतः । प्रयातो नश्यति मुने तन्न कार्यं विपश्चिता

tadāprabhṛti vai bhrātā bhrāturanveṣaṇe rataḥ prayāto naśyati mune tanna kāryaṁ vipaścitā

From that time onward, a brother devoted to seeking out his lost brother, having set forth, is himself lost, O sage; therefore the wise should not undertake this.

Verse 14 (shiva.uma.31.14)

तांश्चापि नष्टान् विज्ञाय पुत्रान्दक्षः प्रजापतिः । स च क्रोधाद्ददौ शापं नारदाय महात्मने

tāṁścāpi naṣṭān vijñāya putrāndakṣaḥ prajāpatiḥ sa ca krodhāddadau śāpaṁ nāradāya mahātmane

Learning that these sons too had been lost, Prajapati Daksha, in anger, gave a curse to the great soul Narada.

Verse 15 (shiva.uma.31.15)

कुत्रचिन्न लभस्वेति संस्थितिं कलहप्रिय । तव सान्निध्यतो लोके भवेच्च कलहः सदा

kutracinna labhasveti saṁsthitiṁ kalahapriya tava sānnidhyato loke bhavecca kalahaḥ sadā

'O lover of strife, you shall find settled abode nowhere; and, on account of your presence, strife shall always occur in the world.'

Verse 16 (shiva.uma.31.16)

सान्त्वितोऽथ विधात्रा हि स दक्षस्तु प्रजापतिः । कन्याः षष्ट्यसृजत्पश्चाद्वीरिण्यामिति नः श्रुतम्

sāntvito'tha vidhātrā hi sa dakṣastu prajāpatiḥ kanyāḥ ṣaṣṭyasṛjatpaścādvīriṇyāmiti naḥ śrutam

Then, appeased by the Creator, that Prajapati Daksha afterward created sixty daughters in Virani — thus we have heard.

Verse 17 (shiva.uma.31.17)

ददौ स दश धर्माय कश्यपाय त्रयोदश । सप्तविंशति सोमाय चतस्रोऽरिष्टनेमिने

dadau sa daśa dharmāya kaśyapāya trayodaśa saptaviṁśati somāya catasro'riṣṭanemine

He gave ten to Dharma, thirteen to Kashyapa, twenty-seven to Soma, and four to Arishtanemi.

Verse 18 (shiva.uma.31.18)

द्वे चैवं ब्रह्मपुत्राय द्वे चैवाङ्गिरसे तदा । द्वे कृशाश्वाय विदुषे तासां नामानि मे शृणु

dve caivaṁ brahmaputrāya dve caivāṅgirase tadā dve kṛśāśvāya viduṣe tāsāṁ nāmāni me śṛṇu

Likewise, two to the son of Brahma, and two to Angiras; and two to the learned Krishashva; hear from me their names.

Verse 19 (shiva.uma.31.19)

अरुन्धती वसुर्यामिर्लम्बा भानुर्मरुत्वती । सङ्कल्पा च मुहूर्ता च सन्ध्या विश्वा च वै मुने

arundhatī vasuryāmirlambā bhānurmarutvatī saṅkalpā ca muhūrtā ca sandhyā viśvā ca vai mune

Arundhati, Vasu, Yami, Lamba, Bhanu, Marutvati, Sankalpa, Muhurta, Sandhya, and Vishva, O sage.

Verse 20 (shiva.uma.31.20)

धर्मपत्न्यो मुने त्वेतास्तास्वपत्यानि मे शृणु । विश्वेदेवास्तु विश्वायाः साध्यान्साध्या व्यजायत

dharmapatnyo mune tvetāstāsvapatyāni me śṛṇu viśvedevāstu viśvāyāḥ sādhyānsādhyā vyajāyata

These, O sage, are the wives of Dharma; hear from me their offspring. From Vishva were born the Vishvedevas; and Sadhya gave birth to the Sadhyas.

Verse 21 (shiva.uma.31.21)

मरुत्वत्यां मरुत्वन्तो वसोस्तु वसवस्तथा । भानोस्तु भानवः सर्वे मुहूर्तायां मुहूर्तजाः

marutvatyāṁ marutvanto vasostu vasavastathā bhānostu bhānavaḥ sarve muhūrtāyāṁ muhūrtajāḥ

From Marutvati were born the Marutvantas; from Vasu, the Vasus; from Bhanu, all the Bhanus; and from Muhurta, the children of the hour.

Verse 22 (shiva.uma.31.22)

लम्बायाश्चैव घोषोऽथ नागवीथी च यामिजा । पृथिवीविषमस्तस्यामरुन्धत्यामजायत

lambāyāścaiva ghoṣo'tha nāgavīthī ca yāmijā pṛthivīviṣamastasyāmarundhatyāmajāyata

From Lamba was born Ghosha; and from Yami, the Nagavithi, the pathway of the constellations; in Arundhati was born Prithivi-vishama.

Verse 23 (shiva.uma.31.23)

सङ्कल्पायास्तु सत्यात्मा जज्ञे सङ्कल्प एव हि । अयादयो वसोः पुत्रा अष्टौ तान् शृणु शौनक

saṅkalpāyāstu satyātmā jajñe saṅkalpa eva hi ayādayo vasoḥ putrā aṣṭau tān śṛṇu śaunaka

From Sankalpa was born Sankalpa himself, of true nature; hear now, O Shaunaka, the eight sons of Vasu, beginning with Aya.

Verse 24 (shiva.uma.31.24)

अयो धुवश्च सोमश्च धरश्चैवानिलोऽनलः । प्रत्यूषश्च प्रभासश्च वसवाऽष्टौ च नामतः

ayo dhuvaśca somaśca dharaścaivānilo'nalaḥ pratyūṣaśca prabhāsaśca vasavā'ṣṭau ca nāmataḥ

Aya, Dhruva, Soma, Dhara, Anila, Anala, Pratyusha, and Prabhasa — these are the eight Vasus by name.

Verse 25 (shiva.uma.31.25)

अयस्य पुत्रो वैतण्डः श्रमः शान्तो मुनिस्तथा । ध्रुवस्य पुत्रो भगवान् कालो लोकभावनः

ayasya putro vaitaṇḍaḥ śramaḥ śānto munistathā dhruvasya putro bhagavān kālo lokabhāvanaḥ

Aya's sons were Vaitanda, Shrama, Shanta, and Muni; Dhruva's son was the Lord Kala, the fashioner of the worlds.

Verse 26 (shiva.uma.31.26)

सोमस्य भगवान् वर्चा वर्चस्वी येन जायते । धरस्य पुत्रो द्रविणो हुतहव्यवहस्तथा

somasya bhagavān varcā varcasvī yena jāyate dharasya putro draviṇo hutahavyavahastathā

Soma's son was the Lord Varcha, by whom splendor comes into being; Dhara's sons were Dravina and Hutahavyavaha.

Verse 27 (shiva.uma.31.27)

मनोहरायाः शिशिरः प्राणोऽथ रमणस्तथा । अनिलस्य शिवा भार्या यस्याः पुत्राः पुरोजवः

manoharāyāḥ śiśiraḥ prāṇo'tha ramaṇastathā anilasya śivā bhāryā yasyāḥ putrāḥ purojavaḥ

From Manohara were born Shishira, Prana, and Ramana; Anila's wife was Shiva, whose sons were Purojava —

Verse 28 (shiva.uma.31.28)

अविज्ञातगतिश्चैव द्वौ पुत्रावनिलस्य तु । अग्निपुत्रः कुमारस्तु शरस्तम्बे श्रियावृते

avijñātagatiścaiva dvau putrāvanilasya tu agniputraḥ kumārastu śarastambe śriyāvṛte

— and Avijnatagati; these two were the sons of Anila. Agni's son was Kumara, born in the reed-thicket, surrounded by divine glory.

Verse 29 (shiva.uma.31.29)

तस्य शाखो विशाखश्च नैगमेयश्च पृष्ठतः । अपत्यं कृत्तिकानां तु कार्तिकेय इति स्मृतः

tasya śākho viśākhaśca naigameyaśca pṛṣṭhataḥ apatyaṁ kṛttikānāṁ tu kārtikeya iti smṛtaḥ

His companions were Shakha, Vishakha, and, following after, Naigameya; as the offspring of the Krittikas, he is remembered as Karttikeya.

Verse 30 (shiva.uma.31.30)

प्रत्यूषस्य त्वभूत्पुत्र ऋषिर्नाम्ना तु देवलः । द्वौ पुत्रौ देवलस्यापि प्रजावन्तौ मनीषिणौ

pratyūṣasya tvabhūtputra ṛṣirnāmnā tu devalaḥ dvau putrau devalasyāpi prajāvantau manīṣiṇau

Pratyusha's son was the sage named Devala; Devala too had two sons, both blessed with progeny and wise.

Verse 31 (shiva.uma.31.31)

बृहस्पतेस्तु भगिनी वरस्त्री ब्रह्मचारिणी । योगसिद्धा जगत्कृत्स्नं समन्ताद्व्यचरत्तदा

bṛhaspatestu bhaginī varastrī brahmacāriṇī yogasiddhā jagatkṛtsnaṁ samantādvyacarattadā

Brihaspati's sister, an excellent woman, a perpetual celibate, accomplished in yoga, then wandered all about the entire world.

Verse 32 (shiva.uma.31.32)

प्रभासस्य तु सा भार्या वसूनामष्टमस्य च । विश्वकर्मा महाभाग तस्य जज्ञे प्रजापतिः

prabhāsasya tu sā bhāryā vasūnāmaṣṭamasya ca viśvakarmā mahābhāga tasya jajñe prajāpatiḥ

She became the wife of Prabhasa, the eighth of the Vasus; from him was born the greatly fortunate Prajapati Vishvakarma.

Verse 33 (shiva.uma.31.33)

कर्ता शिल्पसहस्राणां त्रिदशानां च वार्धकिः । भूषणानां च सर्वेषां कर्ता शिल्पवतां वरः

kartā śilpasahasrāṇāṁ tridaśānāṁ ca vārdhakiḥ bhūṣaṇānāṁ ca sarveṣāṁ kartā śilpavatāṁ varaḥ

The maker of a thousand crafts, the builder of the thirty gods, the maker of all ornaments, foremost among craftsmen.

Verse 34 (shiva.uma.31.34)

यः सर्वासां विमानानि देवतानां चकार ह । मनुष्याश्चोपजीवन्ति यस्य शिल्पं महात्मनः

yaḥ sarvāsāṁ vimānāni devatānāṁ cakāra ha manuṣyāścopajīvanti yasya śilpaṁ mahātmanaḥ

He fashioned the celestial chariots of all the gods; and by the craft of that great soul, humans too sustain their livelihood.

Verse 35 (shiva.uma.31.35)

रैवतोऽजो भवो भीमो वाम उग्रो वृषाकपिः । अजैकपादहिर्बुध्न्यो बहुरूपो महानिति

raivato'jo bhavo bhīmo vāma ugro vṛṣākapiḥ ajaikapādahirbudhnyo bahurūpo mahāniti

Raivata, Aja, Bhava, Bhima, Vama, Ugra, Vrishakapi, Ajaikapad, Ahirbudhnya, Bahurupa, and Mahat —

Verse 36 (shiva.uma.31.36)

सरूपायां प्रसूतस्य स्त्रियां रुद्रश्च कोटिशः । तत्रैकादशमुख्यास्तु तन्नामानि मुने शृणु

sarūpāyāṁ prasūtasya striyāṁ rudraśca koṭiśaḥ tatraikādaśamukhyāstu tannāmāni mune śṛṇu

— from Surupa, his wife, the Rudras were born by the countless millions; among them, eleven are the principal ones — hear their names, O sage.

Verse 37 (shiva.uma.31.37)

अजैकपादहिर्बुध्न्यस्त्वष्टा रुद्रश्च वीर्यवान् । हरश्च बहुरूपश्च त्र्यम्बकश्चापराजितः

ajaikapādahirbudhnyastvaṣṭā rudraśca vīryavān haraśca bahurūpaśca tryambakaścāparājitaḥ

Ajaikapad, Ahirbudhnya, Tvashta, and the mighty Rudra; Hara, Bahurupa, Tryambaka, and Aparajita.

Verse 38 (shiva.uma.31.38)

वृषाकपिश्च शम्भुश्च कपर्दी रैवतस्तथा । एकादशैते कथिता रुद्रास्त्रिभुवनेश्वराः

vṛṣākapiśca śambhuśca kapardī raivatastathā ekādaśaite kathitā rudrāstribhuvaneśvarāḥ

Vrishakapi, Shambhu, Kapardi, and likewise Raivata — these eleven are declared to be the Rudras, lords of the three worlds.

Verse 39 (shiva.uma.31.39)

शतं त्वेवं समाख्यातं रुद्राणाममितौजसाम् । शृणु कश्यपपत्नीनां नामानि मुनिसत्तम

śataṁ tvevaṁ samākhyātaṁ rudrāṇāmamitaujasām śṛṇu kaśyapapatnīnāṁ nāmāni munisattama

Thus a hundred names of the Rudras, of boundless splendor, have been declared. Now hear, O best of sages, the names of the wives of Kashyapa.